中學(xué)英語(yǔ)五種重點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)講解與練習(xí).doc

《中學(xué)英語(yǔ)五種重點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)講解與練習(xí).doc》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《中學(xué)英語(yǔ)五種重點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)講解與練習(xí).doc（9頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、五種重點(diǎn)時(shí)態(tài)語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)1一般現(xiàn)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)基本用法介紹 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的功能1.表示事物或人物的特征、狀態(tài)。如：The sky is blue.天空是藍(lán)色的。2.表示經(jīng)常性或習(xí)慣性的動(dòng)作。如：I get up at six every day.我每天六點(diǎn)起床。3.表示客觀現(xiàn)實(shí)。如：The earth goes around the sun.地球繞著太陽(yáng)轉(zhuǎn)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的構(gòu)成1. be動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+be(am,is,are)+其它。如：I am a boy.我是一個(gè)男孩。2.行為動(dòng)詞：主語(yǔ)+行為動(dòng)詞(+其它)。如：We study English.我們學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)(h

2、e, she,it)時(shí)，要在動(dòng)詞后加-s或-es。如：Mary likes Chinese.瑪麗喜歡漢語(yǔ)。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的變化1. be動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ be + not +其它。如：He is not a worker.他不是工人。一般疑問(wèn)句：Be +主語(yǔ)+其它。如：-Are you a student? -Yes. I am. / No, Im not. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：Where is my bike? 2.行為動(dòng)詞的變化。否定句：主語(yǔ)+ dont( doesnt ) +動(dòng)詞原形(+其它)。如：I dont like bread. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用d

3、oesnt構(gòu)成否定句。如：He doesnt often play. 一般疑問(wèn)句：Do( Does ) +主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形+其它。如：- Do you often play football? - Yes, I do. / No, I dont. 當(dāng)主語(yǔ)為第三人稱單數(shù)時(shí)，要用does構(gòu)成一般疑問(wèn)句。如：- Does she go to work by bike? - Yes, she does. / No, she doesnt. 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+一般疑問(wèn)句。如：How does your father go to work? 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)用法專練: 一、用括號(hào)內(nèi)動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. H

4、e often _(have) dinner at home. 2. Daniel and Tommy _(be) in Class One. 3. We _(not watch) TV on Monday. 4. Nick _(not go) to the zoo on Sunday. 5. _ they _(like) the World Cup? 6. What _they often _(do) on Saturdays? 7. _ your parents _(read) newspapers every day? 8. The girl _(teach) us English on

5、 Sundays. 9. She and I _(take) a walk together every evening. 10. There _(be) some water in the bottle. 11. Mike _(like) cooking. 12. They _(have) the same hobby. 13. My aunt _(look) after her baby carefully. 14. You always _(do) your homework well. 15. I _(be) ill. Im staying in bed. 16. She _(go)

6、to school from Monday to Friday. 17. Liu Tao _(do) not like PE. 18. The child often _(watch) TV in the evening. 19. Su Hai and Su Yang _(have) eight lessons this term. 20. What day _(be) it today? Its Saturday. 二、按照要求改寫句子。 1. Daniel watches TV every evening.(改為否定句) _ 2. I do my homework every day.(改

7、為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答) _ 3. She likes milk.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作肯定回答) _ 4. Amy likes playing computer games.(改為一般疑問(wèn)句，作否定回答) _ 5. We go to school every morning.(改為否定句) _ 6. He speaks English very well.(改為否定句) _ 語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)2 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 1現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，也可表示當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。 2現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的肯定句基本結(jié)構(gòu)為be+動(dòng)詞ing.3現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的否定句在be后加not。

8、4現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的一般疑問(wèn)句把be動(dòng)詞調(diào)到句首。 5現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的特殊疑問(wèn)的基本結(jié)構(gòu)為：疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意 + be + 主語(yǔ) + 動(dòng)詞ing? 但疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)其結(jié)構(gòu)為： 疑問(wèn)詞不達(dá)意 + be + 動(dòng)詞ing? 動(dòng)詞加ing的變化規(guī)則 1一般情況下，直接加ing，如：cook-cooking 2以不發(fā)音的e結(jié)尾，去e加ing，如：make-making, taste-tasting 3如果末尾是一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母，雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加ing，如：run-running, stop-stopping 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)專項(xiàng)練習(xí)：一、寫出下列動(dòng)詞的現(xiàn)在分詞： play_ run_ swim _ mak

9、e_ write_ see_ buy _ get_sit _ begin_ 二、用所給的動(dòng)詞的正確形式填空： 1.The boy _ ( draw)a picture now. 2. Listen .Some girls _ ( sing)in the classroom . 3. My mother _ ( cook )some nice food now. 4. Look . They _( have) an English lesson . 5.They _(not ,water) the flowers now. 6.Look! the girls _(dance )in the cl

10、assroom . 7._Helen_(wash )clothes? Yes ,she is . 語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)3 將來(lái)時(shí)將來(lái)時(shí)一、概念：表示將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)及打算、計(jì)劃或準(zhǔn)備做某事。句中一般有以下時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)：tomorrow, next day(week, month, year),soon, the day after tomorrow（后天）等。 二、基本結(jié)構(gòu)：be going to + do； will+ do. 三、否定句：在be動(dòng)詞（am, is, are）l后加not或情態(tài)動(dòng)詞will后加not成wont。例如：Im going to have a picnic this a

11、fternoon. Im not going to have a picnic this afternoon. 四、一般疑問(wèn)句： be或will提到句首，some改為any, and改為or，第一二人稱互換。例如：We are going to go on an outing this weekend. Are you going to go on an outing this weekend? 五、對(duì)劃線部分提問(wèn)：一般情況，一般將來(lái)時(shí)的對(duì)劃線部分有三種情況。 1. 問(wèn)人。Who 例如：Im going to New York soon. Whos going to New York soon

12、. 2. 問(wèn)干什么。What do.例如： My father is going to watch a race with me this afternoon. What is your father going to do with you this afternoon. 3. 問(wèn)什么時(shí)候。When.例如：Shes going to go to bed at nine. When is she going to bed? 六、同義句：be going to = will I am going to go swimming tomorrow（明天）. = I will go swimming

13、tomorrow. 用所給詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. Today is a sunny day. We _ (have) a picnic this afternoon. 2. My brother _ (go) to Shanghai next week. 3. Tom often _(go) to school on foot. But today is rain. He _ (go) to school by bike. 4 What _ (d0) you do last Sunday? I _ (pick) apples on a farm. What _ (do) next Sunda

14、y? I _ (milk) cows. 5. Mary _ (visit) her grandparents tomorrow. 618. Liu Tao _ (fly) kites in the playground yesterday. 7. I _ (plan) for my study now.語(yǔ)法及練習(xí)4 一般過(guò)去時(shí)一般過(guò)去時(shí) 1一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某個(gè)時(shí)間發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，常和表示過(guò)去的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。一般過(guò)去時(shí)也表示過(guò)去經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作感謝。 2Be動(dòng)詞在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中的變化： am 和is在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣as。（was not=wasnt） are在一般過(guò)去時(shí)中變?yōu)閣e

15、re。（were not=werent） 帶有was或were的句子，其否定、疑問(wèn)的變化和is, am, are一樣，即否定句在was或were后加not，一般疑問(wèn)句把was或were調(diào)到句首。 3句中沒(méi)有be動(dòng)詞的一般過(guò)去時(shí)的句子 否定句：didnt +動(dòng)詞原形，如：Jim didnt go home yesterday. 一般疑問(wèn)句：在句首加did，句子中的動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變回原形。如：Did Jim go home yesterday? 特殊疑問(wèn)句：疑問(wèn)詞+did+主語(yǔ)+動(dòng)詞原形？如： What did Jim do yesterday? 疑問(wèn)詞當(dāng)主語(yǔ)時(shí)：疑問(wèn)詞+動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式？如：Who wen

16、t to home yesterday? 動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式變化規(guī)則： 1一般在動(dòng)詞末尾加-ed，如：pull-pulled, cook-cooked 2結(jié)尾是e加d，如：taste-tasted 3末尾只有一個(gè)元音字母和一個(gè)輔音字母的重讀閉音節(jié)，應(yīng)雙寫末尾的輔音字母，再加-ed，如：stop-stopped 4以“輔音字母+y”結(jié)尾的，變y為i， 再加-ed，如：study-studied 5不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞過(guò)去式： am,is-was, are-were, do-did, see-saw, say-said, give-gave, get-got, go-went, come-came, have-ha

17、d, eat-ate, take-took, run-ran, sing-sang, put-put, make-made, read-read, write-wrote, draw-drew, drink-drank, fly-flew, ride-rode, speak-spoke, sweep-swept, swim-swam, sit-sat 過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)：寫出下列動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去式 isam_ fly_ make _ does_ dance_ worry_ ask _ kick_ pass_ do _ Be動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí)一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. I _ an English t

18、eacher now.2. She _ happy yesterday. 3. They _ glad to see each other last month. 4. Helen and Nancy _ good friends. 5. The little dog _ two years old this year. 6. Look, there _ lots of grapes here. 7. There _ a sign on the chair on Monday.8. Today _ the second of June. Yesterday _ the first of Jun

19、e. It _ Childrens Day. All the students _ very excited. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. There was a car in front of the house just now. 否定句：_ 一般疑問(wèn)句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 三、 中譯英。 1我的故事書剛才還在手表旁邊。 _ 2他們的外套上個(gè)禮拜放在臥室里了。 _ 3一會(huì)以前花園里有兩只小鳥。 _ 行為動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去時(shí)練習(xí) 一、用be動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1. I _ (watch) a cartoon on Saturday. 2. Her father _ (read) a newspaper

20、 last night. 3. We _ to zoo yesterday, we _ to the park. (go) 4. _ you _ (visit) your relatives last Spring Festival? 5. _ he _ (fly) a kite on Sunday? Yes, he _. 6. Gao Shan _ (pull) up carrots last National Day holiday. 7. I _ (sweep) the floor yesterday, but my mother _. 8. What _ she _ (find) in

21、 the garden last morning? She _ (find) a beautiful butterfly. 二、句型轉(zhuǎn)換。 1. They played football in the playground. 否定句：_ 一般疑問(wèn)句：_ 肯、否定回答：_ 語(yǔ)法時(shí)態(tài)5：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)一般進(jìn)行完成過(guò)去 didWas/were doing 現(xiàn)在 doAm/is/are doing Have/has done將來(lái)will/be going 1.定義：過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)表示過(guò)去某一時(shí)刻或者某一時(shí)間內(nèi)正在進(jìn)行或者持續(xù)的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。2.結(jié)構(gòu)：肯定：was/weredoing 否定：was/w

22、ere notdoing 疑問(wèn)句：was/were主語(yǔ)doing3.表示過(guò)去時(shí)間點(diǎn)的短語(yǔ)和結(jié)構(gòu)A.at時(shí)間點(diǎn) at that time/at this timeB.when引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句When短暫性動(dòng)詞（did）4.表示過(guò)去時(shí)間段的短語(yǔ)和結(jié)構(gòu)：C.不算太長(zhǎng)的時(shí)間段：last night 昨晚 yeaterday 昨天 Fromto 從到（時(shí)候）In the last few hours/minutes/daysD.用when/while引導(dǎo)，動(dòng)詞時(shí)延續(xù)性的，時(shí)態(tài)也用進(jìn)行時(shí)When/while延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞/was/weredoing5.while還可以表示“然而”，進(jìn)行對(duì)比6.whileam

23、/is are doing 常規(guī)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/段，現(xiàn)在某個(gè)時(shí)間點(diǎn)/段選擇合適的答案：( ) 1. What _ your grandfather _ this time yesterday ?A. is . doing B. was . doing C. did . do D. had . done( ) 2. _ you _ a meeting at four yesterday afternoon ?A. Were . having B. Was . having C. Did . have D. Do . have（ ）3. I called you yesterday evening ,bu

24、t there was no answer.- Oh, I am sorry I _ dinner at my friends home.Ahave Bhad Cwas havingDhave had( ) 4. A: Did you notice him come in?No. I _ a football game.A. have watched B. had watched C. am watching D. was watching( ) 5. You must tell us what you _ at ten yesterday evening .A. did B. was doi

25、ng C. were done D. were doing( ) 6. I _ an old friend of mine when I _ in the street yesterday afternoon.A. met. was walking B. was meeting . walkedC. was meeting . was walking D. met . walked( ) 7. One day when I _ the post office, I _ my uncle.A. pass. say B. was passing . saw( ) 8.She_ apples in

26、her garden when I_ to see her yesterday.A. picked，went B. was picking， wentC. picked，was going D. was picking，was going( ) 9. She _ the room when I went to see her .A. doesnt clean B. isnt cleaning C. didnt cleaning D. wasnt cleaning( ) 10. The Reads _ lunch when I got to their house.A . were having B. was having C. are having D. is having