第二章 會計報表與現(xiàn)金流量

上傳人:痛*** 文檔編號:118455712 上傳時間:2022-07-11 格式:PPTX 頁數(shù):29 大?。?54.63KB
收藏 版權申訴 舉報 下載
第二章 會計報表與現(xiàn)金流量_第1頁
第1頁 / 共29頁
第二章 會計報表與現(xiàn)金流量_第2頁
第2頁 / 共29頁
第二章 會計報表與現(xiàn)金流量_第3頁
第3頁 / 共29頁

下載文檔到電腦,查找使用更方便

10 積分

下載資源

還剩頁未讀,繼續(xù)閱讀

資源描述:

《第二章 會計報表與現(xiàn)金流量》由會員分享,可在線閱讀,更多相關《第二章 會計報表與現(xiàn)金流量(29頁珍藏版)》請在裝配圖網上搜索。

1、Chapter Outline2.1 The Balance Sheet2.2 The Income Statement2.3 Net Working Capital2.4 Financial Cash Flow2.5 Summary and ConclusionsSources of Information2.1 The Balance SheetAn accountants snapshot of the firms accounting value as of a particular date.The Balance Sheet Identity is:Equity srStockho

2、ldesLiabilitieAssets When analyzing a balance sheet,the financial manager should be aware of three concerns:accounting liquidity,debt versus equity,and value versus cost.The Balance Sheet of the U.S.Composite Corporation(in$millions)20X2 and 20X1Balance SheetU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONLiabilities(Debt

3、)Assets20X220X1and Stockholders Equity20X220X1Current assets:Current Liabilities:Cash and equivalents$140$107 Accounts payable$213$197 Accounts receivable294270 Notes payable5053 Inventories269280 Accrued expenses223205 Other5850 Total current liabilities$486$455 Total current assets$761$707Long-ter

4、m liabilities:Fixed assets:Deferred taxes$117$104 Property,plant,and equipment$1,423$1,274 Long-term debt471458 Less accumulated depreciation-550-460 Total long-term liabilities$588$562 Net property,plant,and equipment873814 Intangible assets and other245221Stockholders equity:Total fixed assets$1,1

5、18$1,035 Preferred stock$39$39 Common stock($1 per value)5532 Capital surplus347327 Accumulated retained earnings390347 Less treasury stock-26-20 Total equity$805$725Total assets$1,879$1,742Total liabilities and stockholders equity$1,879$1,742The assets are listed in order by the length of time it n

6、ormally would take a firm with ongoing operations to convert them into cash.Clearly,cash is much more liquid than property,plant and equipment.Balance Sheet AnalysisWhen analyzing a balance sheet,the financial manager should be aware of three concerns:1.Accounting liquidity2.Debt versus equity3.Valu

7、e versus costAccounting Liquidity Refers to the ease and quickness with which assets can be converted to cash.Current assets are the most liquid.Some fixed assets are intangible.The more liquid a firms assets,the less likely the firm is to experience problems meeting short-term obligations.Liquid as

8、sets frequently have lower rates of return than fixed assets.Debt versus Equity Generally,when a firm borrows it gives the bondholders first claim on the firms cash flow.Thus shareholders equity is the residual difference between assets and liabilities.Value versus Cost Under GAAP audited financial

9、statements of firms in the U.S.carry assets at cost.Market value is a completely different concept.2.2 The Income Statement The income statement measures performance over a specific period of time.The accounting definition of income isIncomeExpensesRevenueU.S.C.C.Income Statement(in$millions)20X2Inc

10、ome StatementU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONTotal operating revenuesCost of goods soldSelling,general,and administrative expensesDepreciationOperating incomeOther incomeEarnings before interest and taxesInterest expensePretax incomeTaxes Current:$71 Deferred:$13Net income Retained earnings:$43 Dividends:$

11、43The operations section of the income statement reports the firms revenues and expenses from principal operations$2,262-1,655-327-90$19029$219-49$170-84$86(in$millions)20X2Income StatementU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONTotal operating revenues$2,262Cost of goods sold-1,655Selling,general,and administrati

12、ve expenses-327Depreciation-90Operating income$190Other income29Earnings before interest and taxes$219Interest expense-49Pretax income$170Taxes-84 Current:$71 Deferred:$13Net income$86 Retained earnings:$43 Dividends:$43The non-operating section of the income statement includes all financing costs,s

13、uch as interest expense.U.S.C.C.Income Statement(in$millions)20X2Income StatementU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONTotal operating revenuesCost of goods soldSelling,general,and administrative expensesDepreciationOperating incomeOther incomeEarnings before interest and taxesInterest expensePretax incomeTaxes

14、Current:$71 Deferred:$13Net income Retained earnings:$43 Dividends:$43Usually a separate section reports as a separate item the amount of taxes levied on income.$2,262-1,655-327-90$19029$219-49$170-84$86U.S.C.C.Income Statement(in$millions)20 x2Income StatementU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONTotal operatin

15、g revenuesCost of goods soldSelling,general,and administrative expensesDepreciationOperating incomeOther incomeEarnings before interest and taxesInterest expensePretax incomeTaxes Current:$71 Deferred:$13Net income Retained earnings:$43 Dividends:$43Net income is the“bottom line”.$2,262-1,655-327-90

16、$19029$219-49$170-84$86U.S.C.C.Income StatementIncome Statement AnalysisThere are three things to keep in mind when analyzing an income statement:1.GAAP2.Non Cash Items3.Time and CostsGenerally Accepted Accounting Principles1.GAAPThe matching principal of GAAP dictates that revenues be matched with

17、expenses.Thus,income is reported when it is earned,even though no cash flow may have occurredIncome Statement Analysis2.Non Cash ItemsDepreciation is the most apparent.No firm ever writes a check for“depreciation”.Another noncash item is deferred taxes,which does not represent a cash flow.Income Sta

18、tement Analysis3.Time and CostsIn the short run,certain equipment,resources,and commitments of the firm are fixed,but the firm can vary such inputs as labor and raw materials.In the long run,all inputs of production(and hence costs)are variable.Financial accountants do not distinguish between variab

19、le costs and fixed costs.Instead,accounting costs usually fit into a classification that distinguishes product costs from period costs.2.3 Net Working CapitalNWC is usually growing with the firm.sLiabilitieCurrent -AssetsCurrent Capital gNet WorkinThe Balance Sheet of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2 a

20、nd 20X1Balance SheetU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONLiabilities(Debt)Assets20X220X1and Stockholders Equity20X220X1Current assets:Current Liabilities:Cash and equivalents$140$107 Accounts payable$213$197 Accounts receivable294270 Notes payable5053 Inventories269280 Accrued expenses223205 Other5850 Total cur

21、rent liabilities$486$455 Total current assets$761$707Long-term liabilities:Fixed assets:Deferred taxes$117$104 Property,plant,and equipment$1,423$1,274 Long-term debt471458 Less accumulated depreciation-550-460 Total long-term liabilities$588$562 Net property,plant,and equipment873814 Intangible ass

22、ets and other245221Stockholders equity:Total fixed assets$1,118$1,035 Preferred stock$39$39 Common stock($1 par value)5532 Capital surplus347327 Accumulated retained earnings390347 Less treasury stock-26-20 Total equity$805$725Total assets$1,879$1,742Total liabilities and stockholders equity$1,879$1

23、,742Here we see NWC grow to$275 million in 20X2 from$252 million in 20X1.This increase of$23 million is an investment of the firm.$23 million$275m=$761m-$486m$252m=$707-$4552.4 Financial Cash Flow In finance,the most important item that can be extracted from financial statements is the actual cash f

24、low of the firm.Since there is no magic in finance,it must be the case that the cash from received from the firms assets must equal the cash flows to the firms creditors and stockholders.)()()(SCFBCFACFFinancial Cash Flow of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2Financial Cash FlowU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONCa

25、sh Flow of the FirmOperating cash flow$238 (Earnings before interest and taxes plus depreciation minus taxes)Capital spending-173 (Acquisitions of fixed assets minus sales of fixed assets)Additions to net working capital-23 Total$42Cash Flow of Investors in the FirmDebt$36 (Interest plus retirement

26、of debt minus long-term debt financing)Equity6 (Dividends plus repurchase of equity minus new equity financing)Total$42Operating Cash Flow:EBIT$219Depreciation$90Current Taxes($71)OCF$238Financial Cash Flow of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2Financial Cash FlowU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONCash Flow of the

27、FirmOperating cash flow$238 (Earnings before interest and taxes plus depreciation minus taxes)Capital spending-173 (Acquisitions of fixed assets minus sales of fixed assets)Additions to net working capital-23 Total$42Cash Flow of Investors in the FirmDebt$36 (Interest plus retirement of debt minus l

28、ong-term debt financing)Equity6 (Dividends plus repurchase of equity minus new equity financing)Total$42Capital SpendingPurchase of fixed assets$198Sales of fixed assets (25)Capital Spending$173Financial Cash Flow of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2Financial Cash FlowU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONCash Flow

29、of the FirmOperating cash flow$238 (Earnings before interest and taxes plus depreciation minus taxes)Capital spending-173 (Acquisitions of fixed assets minus sales of fixed assets)Additions to net working capital-23 Total$42Cash Flow of Investors in the FirmDebt$36 (Interest plus retirement of debt

30、minus long-term debt financing)Equity6 (Dividends plus repurchase of equity minus new equity financing)Total$42NWC grew from$275 million in 20X2 from$252 million in 20X1.This increase of$23 million is the addition to NWC.Financial Cash Flow of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2Financial Cash FlowU.S.COMP

31、OSITE CORPORATIONCash Flow of the FirmOperating cash flow$238 (Earnings before interest and taxes plus depreciation minus taxes)Capital spending-173 (Acquisitions of fixed assets minus sales of fixed assets)Additions to net working capital-23 Total$42Cash Flow of Investors in the FirmDebt$36 (Intere

32、st plus retirement of debt minus long-term debt financing)Equity6 (Dividends plus repurchase of equity minus new equity financing)Total$42Financial Cash Flow of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2Financial Cash FlowU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONCash Flow of the FirmOperating cash flow$238 (Earnings before inte

33、rest and taxes plus depreciation minus taxes)Capital spending-173 (Acquisitions of fixed assets minus sales of fixed assets)Additions to net working capital-23 Total$42Cash Flow of Investors in the FirmDebt$36 (Interest plus retirement of debt minus long-term debt financing)Equity6 (Dividends plus r

34、epurchase of equity minus new equity financing)Total$42Cash Flow to CreditorsInterest$49Retirement of debt 73Debt service122Proceeds from new debt sales (86)Total36Financial Cash Flow of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2Financial Cash FlowU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONCash Flow of the FirmOperating cash flow

35、$238 (Earnings before interest and taxes plus depreciation minus taxes)Capital spending-173 (Acquisitions of fixed assets minus sales of fixed assets)Additions to net working capital-23 Total$42Cash Flow of Investors in the FirmDebt$36 (Interest plus retirement of debt minus long-term debt financing

36、)Equity6 (Dividends plus repurchase of equity minus new equity financing)Total$42Cash Flow to StockholdersDividends$43Repurchase of stock 6Cash to Stockholders 49Proceeds from new stock issue (43)Total$6Financial Cash Flow of the U.S.C.C.(in$millions)20X2Financial Cash FlowU.S.COMPOSITE CORPORATIONC

37、ash Flow of the FirmOperating cash flow$238 (Earnings before interest and taxes plus depreciation minus taxes)Capital spending-173 (Acquisitions of fixed assets minus sales of fixed assets)Additions to net working capital-23 Total$42Cash Flow of Investors in the FirmDebt$36 (Interest plus retirement

38、 of debt minus long-term debt financing)Equity6 (Dividends plus repurchase of equity minus new equity financing)Total$42)()()(SCFBCFACFThe cash from received from the firms assets must equal the cash flows to the firms creditors and stockholders:2.5 Summary and Conclusions Financial statements provide important information regarding the value of the firm.You should keep in mind:Measures of profitability do not take risk or timing of cash flows into account.Financial ratios are linked to one another.

展開閱讀全文
溫馨提示:
1: 本站所有資源如無特殊說明,都需要本地電腦安裝OFFICE2007和PDF閱讀器。圖紙軟件為CAD,CAXA,PROE,UG,SolidWorks等.壓縮文件請下載最新的WinRAR軟件解壓。
2: 本站的文檔不包含任何第三方提供的附件圖紙等,如果需要附件,請聯(lián)系上傳者。文件的所有權益歸上傳用戶所有。
3.本站RAR壓縮包中若帶圖紙,網頁內容里面會有圖紙預覽,若沒有圖紙預覽就沒有圖紙。
4. 未經權益所有人同意不得將文件中的內容挪作商業(yè)或盈利用途。
5. 裝配圖網僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對用戶上傳分享的文檔內容本身不做任何修改或編輯,并不能對任何下載內容負責。
6. 下載文件中如有侵權或不適當內容,請與我們聯(lián)系,我們立即糾正。
7. 本站不保證下載資源的準確性、安全性和完整性, 同時也不承擔用戶因使用這些下載資源對自己和他人造成任何形式的傷害或損失。

相關資源

更多
正為您匹配相似的精品文檔
關于我們 - 網站聲明 - 網站地圖 - 資源地圖 - 友情鏈接 - 網站客服 - 聯(lián)系我們

copyright@ 2023-2025  zhuangpeitu.com 裝配圖網版權所有   聯(lián)系電話:18123376007

備案號:ICP2024067431-1 川公網安備51140202000466號


本站為文檔C2C交易模式,即用戶上傳的文檔直接被用戶下載,本站只是中間服務平臺,本站所有文檔下載所得的收益歸上傳人(含作者)所有。裝配圖網僅提供信息存儲空間,僅對用戶上傳內容的表現(xiàn)方式做保護處理,對上載內容本身不做任何修改或編輯。若文檔所含內容侵犯了您的版權或隱私,請立即通知裝配圖網,我們立即給予刪除!