實(shí)用英語(yǔ)《綜合教程》2單元

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1、《實(shí)用英語(yǔ)（第四版) 第二冊(cè)》Unit 2: After-Reading Task and Skills Development -03-07 17:18:50| 分類： 學(xué)習(xí)措施 | 標(biāo)簽： |舉報(bào) |字號(hào)大中小 訂閱 Unit 2 Text A After-Reading Task Exercise 2 1. C 2. D 3. D 4. A 5. D Exercise 3 Decide whether the statements are True (T) or False (F) according to the passage. 1. Most people i

2、n the United States still don’t trust surveys. 2. The oldest census in history began in the United States in 1790. 3. The census of the next decade will probably show that the small towns have larger populations than they had in 1980. 4. It seems that more Americans have been moving recently th

3、an at any other time in the nation’s history. 5. Marriage is less stable now than it was in 1970. 答案：1. F 2. F 3. T 4. T 5. T Exercise 4 Fill in the blanks with the information given in the passage. Surveys are very important in American life. Since the 1940s surveys have been scientifically u

4、sed mainly for politicians,businesspeople and social scientists. However, the most complete and important survey for Americans is the national census. With the help of the census, they can get much more useful information about both population and changes in the United States. For example, its popul

5、ation, according to the census in 1980, has been growing since 1790, but the size of average American family has gone down. Census can help the government and the people to see what's happening and to adjust to the new picture. Exercise 5 Translate the expressions into Chinese or English. 1. a hu

6、man being 人_________ come into being _形成/ 出生____ bring into being _浮現(xiàn)/ 使存在___ 2. at a rapid rate

7、 _高速地_______ death rate _死亡率_______ birth rate______ 出生率 rate of exchange 兌換率________ rate of interest__

8、 利率 3. set the trend 開(kāi)風(fēng)氣之先 follow the trend 趕潮流________ change the trend of public opinion 變化輿論傾向 a trend to

9、wards quality 傾向質(zhì)量的趨勢(shì) Exercise 6 Choose the correct word form to fit into each sentence. Make proper changes where necessary. A. politics, political, politician 1. Einstein left Germany for political reasons. 2. Some young men have a great interest in p

10、olitics . 3. A politician will do anything to be successful in election. B. create, creation, creature 1. Do you know what has happened to the poor creature ? 2. The rapid increase in population has created some serious problems. 3. Poor living conditions may be responsible for the creati

11、on of social unrest. C. society, social, sociology 1. We are all members of society. 2. Psychology, sociology and economics are social sciences. 3. Sociology deals with the facts of crime, poverty, marriage, divorce and so on. D. marry, married, marriage 1. Her marriage was a compl

12、ete failure. 2. She is married to a construction worker. 3. It is said she is going to marry a famous sociologist. Exercise 7 Fill in the blanks with the words or expressions given. Change the form if necessary. rural widespread dramatic gain trend r

13、esponse promote poll mysterious percentage go down along with a great deal of at a ... rate for the purpose of 1. He soon realizes that there is something mysterious about his background. 2. Some children learn at a slower rate. It would be unfair to

14、 expect a child with learning difficulties to keep up with faster learners. 3. Companies trying to sell and promote products know that product research plays a vital role in sales success. 4. For the purpose of conducting a survey about people’s favorite foods, they formed a special t

15、eam. 5. Consider how your lifestyle would change if your income went down by 50-60%. 6. Judging by the response of the audience, he has made an effective speech. 7. The World Wide Web is able to provide us with access to a greal deal of information on a variety of subjects. 8. The st

16、udy finds that people living in towns and cities are not necessarily healthier and happier than those living in rural areas. 9. Along with many attractions all over the world, zoos face one commom question: How can they encourage repeat visits? 10. The advance in communications has brought dramati

17、c changes in the way people live. 11. Our project is designed to provide students with an opportunity to earn additional income and gain experience in their area of interest. 12. For Australia the percentage of households with home Internet access was 67% in , while the European Union aver

18、age was 56%. 13. The widespread belief that sunlight was beneficial to health was shared by physicians working in many areas of medicine. 14. The latest public opinion poll by the newspaper USA Today shows 56 percent of Americans now believe it was a mistake to send U.S. troops to Iraq.

19、15. There has been a trend towards simpler styles in women’s dress in the recent decade. Exercise 8 Fill in the blanks with the correct form of the verb given. 1. She just has spent/spent (spend) three weeks at her grandmother’s. 2. I have been trying (try) to get in touch with you

20、 for several days. 3. They have been building (build) that bridge for over a year and it still isn’t finished. 4. “They say you have been telephoning (telephone) me all morning.” “Yes, I have telephoned (telephone) you at least five times this morning.” 5. “You look tire

21、d!” “Yes, I have been playing (play) tennis and I haven't played (not play) for years, so I’m not used to it.” 6. He has been sleeping/has slept (sleep) since ten o’clock. It’s time he woke up. 7. I have known (know) Miss Huggins for several years. I have been reading (read

22、) her latest novel, but haven't finished (not finish) it yet. 8. This is the third time you have been (be) here. What exactly have you come (come) for now? 9. It has been raining (rain) but it has stopped (stop) now. 10. He has been working (work) hard on his book for some time and

23、 has finished (finish) it at last. 答案： Exercise 9 Fill in the blanks with such or so. 1. It was __________ a cold day that we decided to stay inside. 2. He told us __________ strange a story that we could hardly believe it. 3. He had __________ little education that he had difficulty

24、 getting a job. 4. The lecturer was asked __________ a large number of questions, that he couldn’t answer them all. 5. The hall was __________ a crowded place that some of us had to stand. 6. How do you manage to speak to her with __________ patience? 7. I had never met

25、 __________ gentle a person. 8. There was __________ much to do that nobody ever got bored. 答案：1. such 2. so 3. so 4. such 5. such 6. such 7. so 8. so 語(yǔ)法知識(shí)：such 與so |字號(hào) 訂閱 such和so都可以用來(lái)表達(dá)限度，意思是“如此；這樣”，但用法卻不相似。 1．such是形容詞，用來(lái)修飾名詞，名詞前有無(wú)形容詞都可以；so是副詞，用來(lái)修飾形容詞或副詞，形容詞后可以省略名詞。例如： He is such a（big

26、）fool．她是個(gè)（大）傻瓜。 He is so foolish（a man）．她是如此愚蠢（的一種人）。 2．單數(shù)名詞前有不定冠詞與形容詞時(shí)，so和such的位置不同。前者為“so＋形容詞＋冠詞＋名詞”，后者為“such ＋冠詞＋形容詞＋名詞”。例如： I know such a clever boy．我結(jié)識(shí)如此聰穎的一種男孩。 I know so clever a boy．我結(jié)識(shí)如此聰穎的一種男孩。 3．so后雖然有形容詞，也不能修飾復(fù)數(shù)名詞或不可數(shù)名詞，而such則可以。例如： They are such useful books．它們是如此有用的書(shū)。 He gave us

27、 such good food．她給了我們這樣好的食物。 4．名詞前有表達(dá)“多、少”意義的many，much，few，little等修飾詞時(shí)，要用so，不用such。例如： There are so many flowers in our school garden．我們學(xué)校的花園里有那么多的花。 You'll find English a bridge to so much knowledge．你會(huì)發(fā)現(xiàn)英語(yǔ)是通向如此豐富知識(shí)的橋梁。 I have so little money that I can't lend you any．我的錢(qián)很少，不能借給你。 5．當(dāng)little表達(dá)“小

28、”的意思修飾可數(shù)名詞時(shí)，其前只能用such，不能用so。例如： I have never seen such little sheep before．我此前從沒(méi)見(jiàn)過(guò)這樣小的綿羊。 Text B After-Reading Task Ex. 2 1. F 2. T 3. F 4. T 5. F 6. T 7. T 8. T Ex. 3 1. customer 2. highly 3. reacted 4. expanded 5. commercials 6. described 7. quantity 8. Besides 9. identify 10. device Ex.

29、4 1. 有禮貌的 2. 文職的 3. 事情 4. 行業(yè) 5.繼續(xù)有效 6.經(jīng)受 7.裝置8.手段 9. 回報(bào) 10. 有反映 Ex. 5 1. to tell 2. to make 3. do 4. talk/talking 5. (to) get 6. to speak 7. to stay 8. go Skills Development and Practice Practice 2 Cause Effect differences in natural resources na

30、tions trade it pays to specialize nations trade Practice 3 1. That lazy boy went to class before he had prepared his lesson. 那個(gè)懶惰的男孩沒(méi)有預(yù)習(xí)就去上課了。 2. I wonder if he is coming. 我不懂得她來(lái)不來(lái)。 3. That little bridge is anything but safe. 那座小橋一點(diǎn)也不安全。 4. Your request is beyond my po

31、wer. 你的祈求我辦不到。 5. You will fail unless you work harder. 要是不進(jìn)一步努力, 你會(huì)失敗的。 (除非進(jìn)一步努力，否則你不會(huì)成功。) 6. Some of the stories were really more than could be believed. 有些故事實(shí)在不能令人相信。 7. Be sure to lock the door when you leave. 離開(kāi)時(shí)不要忘掉鎖好門(mén)。(你離開(kāi)時(shí)一定要鎖好門(mén)。) 8. Keep off the grass. 不要踐踏草坪。 9. Wet Paint! 油漆未干

32、! Practice 4 Translate the sentences into Chinese. 1. 在美國(guó)，人們普遍相信記錄數(shù)字不會(huì)說(shuō)謊。也許這就是調(diào)查已成為美式生活中如此重要方面的因素。 2. 許多重大變化之一便是有關(guān)人們居住在哪里的問(wèn)題。美國(guó)人重要是都市居民，由于有75%的人口居住在大都市里或大都市附近。 3. 全國(guó)性的人口調(diào)查以及許多其她方面的調(diào)查給美國(guó)人提供了一幅展示社會(huì)變化的記錄圖，使美國(guó)政府和人民看到社會(huì)變化的狀況并適應(yīng)新?tīng)顩r。 4. 廣告是我們平常生活的一部分。要理解這一事實(shí)，只要翻一翻雜志或報(bào)紙，或者數(shù)一數(shù)一種晚上在廣播電視上能收到多少?gòu)V告就夠了。 5.

33、廣告的目的是讓人們作出反映，讓她們對(duì)一種想法(例如避免森林火災(zāi))作出反映，或者促使她們購(gòu)買某一商品或服務(wù)。 Practice 5 Translate the sentences into English with the words or expressions given. 1. 20世紀(jì)40年代以來(lái)，美國(guó)商人始終在借助調(diào)查手段來(lái)研制、命名、包裝和促銷產(chǎn)品。(since) Since the 1940s American businesspeople have been developing, naming, packing, and promoting products with

34、the help of surveys. 2. 除了你要的蘋(píng)果之外，我還給你買了些橘子。(in addition to) In addition to apples you asked for, I bought you some oranges. 3. 杰克不久就適應(yīng)了部隊(duì)生活。(adjust to) Jack soon adjusted to army life. 4. 廣告把銷售信息同步傳給許多人。(distribute) Advertising distributes the selling message to many people at one time. 5.

35、 也許有一天直升機(jī)(helicopter)會(huì)取代汽車。(take the place of) The helicopter may take the place of a car some day. 6. 廣告制作已發(fā)展成一種高度專業(yè)化的職業(yè)。(develop into) Advertising has developed into a highly specialized profession. Practice 6 The parts of the sentences have been mixed up. Join the 6 parts on the left with t

36、he correct parts from the 8 on the right. c 1. The meeting was a great success; a. everybody believes that she was brought up in China. h 2. Such behaviour may result in b. the heart to beat fast

37、er. f 3. Mr Green is very strict with his c. the Chairman’s popularity students because increased. d. he was unsuccessful. a 4. She speaks Chinese so fluently t

38、hat e. it must be handled very carefully. g 5. Watching too much television leads to f. he wants them to make rapid progre

39、ss. b 6. The lack of oxygen causes g. loss of creative ability. h. his being asked to leave. Practice 7 Write sentences to express cause and effect relationshipsaccording to the given information and

40、use the signal words provided. Cause Effect Signal Words 1. the scheme does not work out another one since We’d better try to work out another one since the scheme does not work. 2. smoking

41、 lung cancer lead to Excessive smoking often leads to lung cancer. 3. the operation the patient much pain cause The operation caused the patient much pain. Cause Effect S

42、ignal Words 4. cold river freeze so ... that It was so cold that the river froze. 5. population increases a food shortage so ... as to The population was increasing so rapidly as to cause a food shortage. 6. hard work

43、 paper published the result of The result of his hard work was a paper published on a journal. Practice 8 Look at the table carefully, then do the exercise which follows. Complete the following description of the information above. Write a suitable signal word

44、 of cause and effect in each of the blanks. Firstly, turning right without due care (1) ______________________ 808 accidents in 1994. Secondly, (2) _______________ pedestrians crossed roads carelessly, 662 accidents occurred. Next, although there was a 6% decrease in drivers failing to give

45、 a signal, nevertheless there were 511 accidents (3) ____________________ this. In 1994, 25% more drivers than in 1993 lost control of vehicles. (4) ___________________________________________ there were 462 accidents. In the fifth place came drivers improperly overtaking other vehicles: these (5) _

46、_____________________ 446 accidents. Finally there was a 20% fall in drivers misjudging distances; however, they were still the (6) _________________ 302 accidents. 答案：1. caused/resulted in/led to 2. because as since 3. because of as a result of 4. Consequently /Therefore/As a result/Because o

47、f this 5. caused/ led to/ resulted in 6. cause of/reason for Practice 9 Invitation Card Invitation card is a kind of card which is used to write some messages for inviting someone to attend some activit

48、y. Invitation cards are classified into two kinds – formal and informal. Formal invitation card is usually printed and ready–made. It has certain form. Habitually inviters and invitees should be written in the third person. The words on cards should include: the name of inviter and invitee;

49、the activity; the date; the place. And the invitee has to reply no matter he accepts or not when he receives a formal invitation card. formal invitation Mr. and Mrs. Robert Smith request the pleasure of Mr. adn Mrs. George Mailer's Company at dinner at the Faculty Club on Friday March th

50、e twenty-sixth, at seven o'clock p.m. 21 Show Lane March 20th, Informal Invitation Mr. / Prof. Leavis, There will be a meeting of our drama group on Saturday afternoon, April 9, at 5 p.m. in our classroom, #504, in this building to discuss which play to put on for English Eve

51、ning. We would like to hear your suggestion and hope you will come if you possibly can. Song Liping 為某人寫(xiě)一封于200X年10月1日上午11點(diǎn)在北京賓館舉辦婚宴的正式請(qǐng)柬，邀請(qǐng)其朋友參與。 Mr. and Mrs. Henry C. Lee request the pleasure of Mr. and Mrs. Harold Smith’s Company at wedding reception in Room 18 at Beijing Hotel on Friday October 1st, at eleven o’clock a.m. 16 Zhiming Road September 18th,