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1、第三部分第三部分 題型研析高分保障題型研析高分保障題型題型 1 1 聽力測試聽力測試 聽力試題主要考查學生聽音辨義的綜合能力。臨沂中考英語聽力試題題材多樣，包括日常交際用語、常用對話和短文。從試題考查的內(nèi)容看，主要是貼近學生生活、基本上沒有生詞的英語材料，另外輔以一部分難度略低于教材內(nèi)容的實用英語。試題的形式由選擇題和聽寫兩部分組成。從考查學生的聽力技能來看，臨沂中考聽力大致分為四種題型：1聽句選圖題：這個題型主要考查學生聽句辨意，觀察選圖的能力。所涉及的話題與考生的日常學習生活息息相關，如：飲食、運動、日常作息、交通方式、活動等。2對話理解題：此題型分為短對話理解和長對話理解。簡短的小對話通
2、常涉及約會、問路、購物、談論日常發(fā)生的事情等。長對話內(nèi)容較為復雜，一般長對話后面有五個小題。3短文判斷正誤題：此題型考查學生對所聽短文的綜合理解能力及信息判斷能力。主要考查有情節(jié)的小故事。短文在120詞左右(短文讀兩遍)。故事中涉及的人物活動、時間、地點、心理活動、年齡、人物與事件的對應點都是考點，另外，特別注意文段中的數(shù)字，在數(shù)字上出題的頻率較高。4聽對話填句/表題：該題屬于筆答題，明確了考查重點，這樣聽起來就有較強的針對性；試題設置往往按對話內(nèi)容的先后順序，以考查細節(jié)內(nèi)容為主，主要考查錄音中的人物、數(shù)字、時間、地點、活動內(nèi)容和方式、事物特點等。解題技法解題技法指導指導類型類型1 1 聽句選
3、圖題聽句選圖題1.首先要快速瀏覽所給圖片，弄清楚圖中信息，包括圖中的人物、事物、動作及形態(tài)。建議考生可根據(jù)圖片預測一些關鍵詞，這些關鍵詞通常應為名詞或動詞。2答題時要學會把握能夠與圖片內(nèi)容相對應的關鍵信息。通常情況下，句子的謂語和賓語能夠說明事件，是重點把握的關鍵信息?！纠柯牼渥?，選擇與句子內(nèi)容相對應的圖片。每個句子讀兩遍。1_ 2._3._4_ 5._【聽力原文】【聽力原文】1The computer is one of the most useful inventions.2Last term，I got an“A”on my math exam.My parents were very
4、 pleased with me.3Whales are larger than any other animal in the ocean.4Playing football makes him relaxed and happy.5The air is fresher in the countryside，and people can enjoy nature there.【解析】1.快速瀏覽所給圖片，弄清楚圖中的人物、事物、動作及形態(tài)。根據(jù)讀圖預測一些關鍵詞，第一幅關鍵詞為“A”；第二幅關鍵詞為whales；第三幅關鍵詞為computer；第四幅關鍵詞為countryside；第五幅關鍵
5、詞為play football；第六幅關鍵詞為monkey。2.在聽句子時要學會把握與圖片內(nèi)容相對應的關鍵信息。通常情況下，所聽句子中的謂語和賓語是重點把握的關鍵信息。【答案】1.C2.A3.B4.E5.D類型類型2 2 對話理解題對話理解題1.快速瀏覽選項，了解有關信息和預測話題，然后再聽對話的有關內(nèi)容。2重點關注第二發(fā)言者，第二發(fā)言者針對前者的提問所作的回答，往往就是談話的關鍵內(nèi)容，通常成為對話后問題的要點。3要注意時間、地點、人物、數(shù)字和事件等，同時還要認真地做好記錄?！纠柯爩υ捄蛦栴}，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。對話和問題都讀兩遍。1A.Its in front of the pos
6、t office.BIts between the bank and the post office.CIts next to the supermarket and across from the bank.2A.David.BPeter.CLinda.3A.He was reading at the library.BHe was playing basketball on the playground.CHe was doing his homework at home.4A.For four days.BFor three weeks.CFor two months.5A.The ri
7、ver is badly polluted.BThere is no water in the river.CThe water is too deep.【聽力原文】【聽力原文】1W：Excuse me.Is there a restaurant around here?M：Yes，there is.Just go along Bridge Street and turn left when you see the post office.Its next to the supermarket and across from the bank.Q：Where is the restaurant
8、?2M：Im going to get good grades this year.Did you make a New Years resolution，Linda?W：Yes，David，I did.Im going to learn to play the piano.How about Peter?M：Hes going to make a soccer team.Q：Who is going to make a soccer team?3W：The weather is beautiful today!But yesterdays rainstorm was the heaviest
9、 one so far this year.I was at home doing my homework yesterday at the time of the rainstorm.M：I was reading at the library at that time.Q：What was the boy doing when the rainstorm came yesterday?4W：Ive been in China for two months，but Im going back to Australia tomorrow.M：Have you traveled much?W：Y
10、es，I have.Ive seen many interesting things.Q：How long has the lady been in China?5M：Hey，Gina.Lets go swimming in the river later this afternoon.W：I dont think I want to go，F(xiàn)rank.I was there last Sunday and the river was really dirty.Even the bottom of the river was full of rubbish.Q：Why wont Gina go
11、 swimming in the river?【解析】瀏覽所有小題可知：第1小題應是一道關于問路的對話理解，重點聽地點；第2小題重點聽人物所做的事情；第3小題應重點捕捉事件；第4小題應關注時間長短；第5小題應重點聽事情的原因?！敬鸢浮?.C2.B3.A4.C5.A類型類型3 3 聽短文判斷正誤題聽短文判斷正誤題此類試題往往要求考生就文章中涉及的時間(有時是變化的時間)、地點、人物(性別、年齡、多個人物之間的關系)等具體細節(jié)進行判斷；就事件的原因與結果之間的邏輯關系、事件發(fā)生過程中的細節(jié)、作者的觀點或者文章的中心進行推理、總結、歸納。1聽錄音前要充分利用間隙時間，閱讀五個句子，在閱讀過程中，可用
12、筆圈出或畫出可能設陷阱的關鍵點。2要根據(jù)問題大致推測出文段的話題，從而做好心理準備，讀到之前標注的關鍵信息處要格外注意。3聽第一遍錄音時，不要急于作答，應仔細把全文聽完，盡可能弄清楚文章的關鍵信息。在聽第二遍錄音時，可適當?shù)刈鲆恍┯涗?，如：時間、地點、數(shù)字、人物、天氣等。同時把可能正確的答案做上記號，檢驗核對答案，以減少差錯?！纠柯牰涛?，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤，正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。短文讀兩遍。聽短文前，你們有20秒的時間閱讀下列句子。()1.A guide is talking to the tourists.()2.The tourists are on th
13、e way to London.()3.People in London dont like to help foreign tourists.()4.People working there often spend a lot of time visiting the museum.()5.There are many parks and gardens in the city.【聽力原文】【聽力原文】Hello，ladies and gentlemen.I am your guide today.First，Id like to tell you something about Londo
14、n before we arrive.As you know，London is the capital of England.It lies on the River Thames.Its a very big city，with a population of about 7 million.The people are usually friendly and helpful，especially the policemen.They are always glad to tell visitors about their city.London is a busy place.Peop
15、le work in offices，banks or companies.They are in a hurry all the time.London is also a beautiful city.It has lots of parks and gardens.When you are in London，you should visit the London Museum.It can tell you a lot of interesting stories.You may also visit many other places of interest，such as Big
16、Ben and the River Thames.Wish you a good time!【解析】瀏覽所有句子，判斷短文內(nèi)容與旅游有關，且極可能是導游向游客介紹倫敦的概況。第1題考查說話者的身份，要求考生聽錄音時注意表明其職業(yè)特征的關鍵詞句(短文的第一、二句)，正確答案為A。第2題考查旅游者所在的地方(where)，錄音中“about London before we arrive”是關鍵，正確答案為A。第3題考查倫敦市民對外國游客的態(tài)度，“dont like to help foreign tourists”與原文中的“The people are usually friendly and
17、 helpful，especially the policemen.”不符，故答案為B。第4題考查倫敦人的生活狀況(how)，從文中“London is a busy place.”及“They are in a hurry all the time.”可知答案為B。第5題是對倫敦市容的考查，從“beautiful”及“l(fā)ots of parks and gardens”等信息可知答案為A?！敬鸢浮?.A2.A3.B4.B5.A類型類型4 4 聽對話填句聽對話填句/表題表題這類對話理解題是聽一段完整的長對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容完成句子或補全表格中所缺的信息，對話一般讀三遍。做此類題目時，首先要根據(jù)題
18、目中缺失的部分及已提供的相關信息找到要聽的重點，從聽力材料中找缺失信息。1聽錄音要充分利用間隙時間，閱讀句子或表格內(nèi)容。讀句子或表格時，一是要把握住對話的主要話題；二是要對句子/表格中所缺的關鍵信息進行預測，以便聽錄音時特別留意。2所填詞匯，既要符合對話的內(nèi)容，又要符合語法的要求。名詞注意單復數(shù)，動詞注意過去式還是過去分詞等?？忌鶎@些詞匯聽不清楚，但對答題起著非常重要的作用?！纠柯爩?。聽對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容完成下列句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。對話讀三遍。聽對話前，你們有20秒鐘的時間閱讀下列句子。1Whats the date of Lindas birthday?Its the 27th of
19、_2How old will Linda be next Friday?She will be_3What does Linda like doing?She likes _ and listening to popular music.4Who is Lindas best friend?_.5What new present will Linda get?A _ about popular music.【聽力原文】【聽力原文】M：Tina，do you know its Lindas birthday next week?W：No，I dont.Jim，youre her best fri
20、end.Do you know what day her birthday is?M：Yeah，of course，its on Friday.Its the 27th of June.W：How old will she be?M：She will be twelve.I want to give her a present，but I dont know what to get her.Can you help me decide?W：What does she like doing?M：She likes reading.W：Why dont you get her a book?M：S
21、he already has a lot of books.I want to get her something different.W：What else does she like doing?M：She likes listening to popular music.W：How about getting her a CD?M：Thats too expensive.I cant afford to get her a CD.W：Then I know what you should get as a new present.A magazine about popular musi
22、c.Shell be pleased with her favourite things.M：Thats a great idea!Thanks，Tina.【解析】1.材料中“Its the 27th of June.”告訴我們她的生日具體是哪一天。2.由“She will be twelve.”可知Linda下周五就十二歲了。3.根據(jù)“She likes reading.”和“She already has a lot of books.”以及“She likes listening to popular music.”我們就可確定她的愛好是看書和聽流行音樂。4.由“Jim，youre he
23、r best friend.”可知Linda最好的朋友是Jim。5.由“A magazine about popular music.”可知Jim 在Linda生日那天要送給她一本有關流行音樂的雜志。【答案】1.June2.Twelve/123.reading4.Jim5.magazine即時運用即時運用(一)聽句子，選擇與句子內(nèi)容相對應的圖片。每個句子讀兩遍。1_ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._FDCAB(二)聽對話和問題，根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容，選擇最佳答案。對話和問題都讀兩遍。()6.A.Its only one kilometer.BIts only two kilometers.CIts ab
24、out three kilometers.()7.A.Twice a week.BTwice a month.COnce a month.()8.A.Eating and drinking.BRunning in the hall.CTaking photos.()9.A.The music that she can sing along with.BThe music that she can dance to.CThe music that has great lyrics.()10.A.Because he must meet his friends.BBecause he must s
25、tudy for an English test.CBecause he must study for a math test.BBCCC(三)聽短文，根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷下列句子正誤，正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。短文讀兩遍。聽短文前，你們有20秒種的時間閱讀下列句子。()11.In everyday English，colors have some special meanings.()12.“Blue”sometimes means“sad”in spoken English.()13.“Yellow”always means“afraid”in English.()14.We
26、 never tell a white lie to the people around us.()15.A boy is afraid to climb up the tree.He is yellow.A ABBA(四)聽寫。聽對話，根據(jù)對話內(nèi)容完成下列句子，每空詞數(shù)不限。對話讀三遍。聽對話前，你們有20秒鐘的時間閱讀下列句子。16How long havent they seen each other?Rose hasnt seen Bill for_17What is Rose busy with?Rose is busy with the _18What would Rose and
27、 her sister like to do?They would like to _19What is a good choice?_ is cheaper and closer to nature.20Why is it a good way to relax?Because its a good way to _ our school work for a while.three/3weeksexamgo to the beachCampingforget題型題型 2 2 單項填空單項填空一、題型特點單項填空考查學生語言知識的綜合運用能力。隨著每年中考一步步的改進，該題型更加注重考查學生
28、的實際運用能力。純粹考查語法的題目在逐漸減少，取而代之的是著重考查單詞、詞組在特殊語境中的含義，考查學生在特定的語言環(huán)境下對語言意義的領悟、判斷與運用能力；口語交際的比例逐步擴大；動詞和主從復合句的考查是熱點。二、必考點歸納冠詞、代詞、名詞、介詞、連詞、形容詞及副詞的比較等級、動詞短語、動詞不定式、情態(tài)動詞、時態(tài)(現(xiàn)在完成時、過去進行時、一般將來時、一般過去時、一般現(xiàn)在時、現(xiàn)在進行時)、感嘆句、被動語態(tài)和賓語從句。解題技法指導方法方法1 1 固定搭配法固定搭配法固定搭配法，就是利用學過的固定短語進行解題。【例】Well have dinner at Qianxilong Restaurant，
29、which is famous _ its food.Aof Bto Cfor Das【解析】be famous for為固定詞組，意為“因而出名”；be famous as也是固定詞組，意為“作為而出名”。根據(jù)句意可推知千禧龍酒店因其食物而出名?！敬鸢浮緾方法方法2 2 標志詞法標志詞法許多題目中都有一些詞，它們對快速而準確地判斷答案起著重要的作用，找到這些標志詞，就找到了解題的突破口?！纠縄t was reported that nine Chinese people_in a balloon crash(墜毀)in Egypt on February 26，2013.Aare kill
30、ed Bwere killedCwill kill Dhave killed【解析】根據(jù)“on February 26，2013”這個時間狀語，我們很容易判斷應為一般過去時?！敬鸢浮緽方法方法3 3 排除法排除法排除法，就是根據(jù)題干提供的信息，先把一眼就能看出的干擾項排除，縮小選擇范圍，然后將剩余項代入空白處進行驗證?！纠緾an I come this afternoon or tomorrow morning?_is OK.Im free today and tomorrow.AEither BNeither CBoth DNone【解析】根據(jù)題意，應理解為今天和明天都有空，由此排除B、D
31、兩項表示否定含義的代詞。雖然both表示“兩者都”，但謂語動詞應使用復數(shù)形式，所以排除C項。either意為“(兩者中的)任何一個”，謂語動詞使用單數(shù)?！敬鸢浮緼方法方法4 4 語境分析法語境分析法語境分析法，就是根據(jù)所處的語言環(huán)境，聯(lián)系上下文直接解題?！纠縈om，I was the first to reach the top of the mountain.Good job，Jack！Im_ of you.Acareful Bproud Ctired Dafraid【解析】be careful of；be proud of；be tired of；be afraid of這四個詞組都存在
32、，但根據(jù)語境，“我”是第一個到達山頂?shù)?，媽媽肯定對此感到“驕傲”?！敬鸢浮緽方法方法5 5 前后照應法前后照應法前后照應法，就是解題前透徹理解，然后聯(lián)系上下文，捕捉隱含的信息，找到正確答案?！纠縒hat fun The Croods is!Yeah！I like the movie，too.Its so_Aboring BscaryCinteresting Dsad【解析】根據(jù)上句的“fun”和“I like the movie，too.”可知這部電影很有趣?！敬鸢浮緾方法方法6 6 交際法交際法交際法，就是利用交際用語的問和答來解題?！纠縄 will go to the countrys
33、ide to see my grandmother this afternoon，so I cant go swimming with you._AIts my pleasure.BYou are welcome.CThats a pity.DSure，I am.【解析】根據(jù)句意，前者不能一塊去游泳了，錯過了一個機會，這種情況下我們使用“真遺憾”作為應答?！敬鸢浮緾方法方法7 7 還原法還原法還原法，有時也叫代入法，是仿照數(shù)學中代入答案演算從而驗證是否準確的一種方法。具體來講，做題時，先讀題干，分析句子結構和考查目的，然后瀏覽選項，根據(jù)題干把認為最有可能的選項代入到題干中去讀，看是否有意義、是
34、否符合語法、是否完整、是否符合固定搭配等，從而來判斷代入的選項是否是最佳答案。【例】I dont know how to search the Internet._Ill help you.AI hope so BDont worryCIm afraid，too DNor do I【解析】本題考查提供幫助句型的問答。題干句意：我不知道如何上網(wǎng)。_。我會幫助你。先看選項，不確定哪一個合適，可把每一個選項都代入，看一看是否通順或者完整。代入A項“我希望如此，我會幫助你”，不通順；代入C項“恐怕我也不會，我會幫你”，自相矛盾；代入D項“我也是，我會幫你”，也不符合邏輯。只有B項“不必擔心，我會幫你”
35、合適?！敬鸢浮緽即時運用即時運用1I cant find my ticket.I think I have lost _.Ait Bone Cat Don2Nice to meet you，Mr.Green.Im Sandy and this is Brad，Ken and Emily._ASee you later BYoure welcomeCPleased to meet you all DYou have a point there3Pass the raincoat to me，please.It _ hard now.Here you are.Ais raining Brained
36、Cwill rain DrainsACA4The milk shake tastes good.How do you make it?Its easy，just follow the _Adiscussions BinstructionsCresolutions Dintroductions5Could you please tell me _？Ten years ago.Awhen you taught in this schoolBwhen did you teach in this schoolChow long you taught in this schoolDhow long di
37、d you teach in this school6Mary runs _ of all the girls in her school，and she won the 100meter race last month.Anearest Bhighest Cfastest DslowestBAC7Their classroom is as_as ours.Acleaner BcleanCthe cleanest Dmuch cleaner8Tomorrow my parents will take me to Hong Kong Disneyland._ABest wishes to you
38、!BIts a good idea.CHave a good day!DGood luck to you!9What a bad day!Everyone has one of those days when _ goes right.Anothing BanythingCeverything DsomethingBCA10I hear youve got a new watch._ I have a look?Yes，you may.ADo BMay CShould DShall11Excuse me，could I borrow your computer?_，but please giv
39、e it back by Saturday.AIm sorry BOf courseCCertainly not DNo，thanks12He borrowed some money _ me and gave it_the poor man.Ato；for Bfor；toCfrom；to Dto；fromBBC題型題型 3 3 閱讀理解閱讀理解解題技法解題技法指導指導類型類型1 1 判斷正誤型閱讀理解判斷正誤型閱讀理解1.本題設置5個小題，要求考生根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，判斷5個句子的正誤。正確的用“A”表示，不正確的用“B”表示。2文章通常在200詞左右，閱讀量和難度相對較小，題目內(nèi)容通常是按文章內(nèi)
40、容的先后順序設計。例題精析例題精析2017青島中考Our skin is like a bag that we live in.Inside the bag our bodies are mostly water.Our water is like the water in the sea.It is very salty.Also，like the ocean，we can lose our water.The wind and the sun could take it away.Our bag of skin keeps our bodys ocean from drying up.Ou
41、r skin keeps out sunshine.Too much sunshine can hurt us.Skin also keeps out dirt.Thats important because some kinds of dirt can make us sick.Our skin feels things.It feels warm things，cold things，things it touches，and things that hurt it.A campfire feels warm.A snowball thrown in our face feels cold
42、 and hurts us.A hug is the touch of another persons skin on our own.Our hair is a special kind of covering.It helps us keep things out of our eyes，ears and nose.Hair is also good for keeping us warm.When we get goose bumps(雞皮疙瘩)，our body hairs stand up.Then the hairs hold air close to our skin like
43、a thick blanket(毯子)Hair keeps animals warm，too.Some animals have more hair than others，so they have a better blanket for cold weather.Our nails(指甲)are another special skin which are very hard.They help keep our fingers from getting hurt.Our nails arent as strong as the nails that animals have.But th
44、ey are good for picking up coins.1Our skin is like a bag full of salt.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Inside the bag our bodies are mostly water.”可知，人身體絕大部分是由水組成。故原題表述錯誤。【答案】B2Our skin keeps out dirt and sunshine.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Our skin keeps out sunshine.”和第三句“Skin also keeps out dirt.”可知，本題的敘述是正確的?！敬鸢浮緼3Ou
45、r skin helps us feel things，touch or hurt others.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第六句“It feels warm things，cold things，things it touches，and things that hurt it.”可知，我們的皮膚可以感知到傷害它的東西，而不是皮膚幫助我們傷害其他(人或事物)。故原題表述是錯誤的?！敬鸢浮緽4Our hair helps protect our eyes，ears and nose.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句“It helps us keep things out of our
46、eyes，ears and nose.”可知，原題表述正確?！敬鸢浮緼5Our nails are weaker than the nails that animals have but can keep our fingers safe.【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)最后一段第二、三句“They help keep our fingers from getting hurt.Our nails arent as strong as the nails that animals have.”可知，原題表述正確?！敬鸢浮緼技法點撥技法點撥1要保持對文段數(shù)字的敏感度。有關年份、月份、數(shù)量、倍數(shù)、時間長短
47、等的數(shù)字往往是設題點。2要注意主語(包括人和事物)與動作(或所處的狀態(tài))的對應情況。有些題目是通過張冠李戴的方式設置的，要注意區(qū)分。3要注意時態(tài)。有些是通過在事件發(fā)生的時間上動手腳進行的。要學會通過對句子時態(tài)的判斷對時間進行定位。4答題時要注意正確項的特點，回原文找答案。(1)正確項的特點：正話反說，肯定句變否定句，同義詞替換，敘述角度轉(zhuǎn)換而中心不變。(2)干擾項的特點：絕對化，如：only，all，always，never等。偷換概念：如擴大或縮小范圍，此時要特別注意名詞前形容詞修飾限制。片面化：如以偏概全，以枝節(jié)代主題。竄詞現(xiàn)象或無中生有。本題難度較低，所有答案均可通過與原文進行對比得出，
48、只要細心，想拿滿分并不難。類型類型2 2 選擇型閱讀理解選擇型閱讀理解臨沂中考閱讀理解B篇是選擇型的閱讀理解，話題多為科技性的說明文。考查方式上多為3道細節(jié)理解題和1道推理判斷題或詞義猜測題和1道主旨大意題。閱讀指導閱讀指導在平時的閱讀訓練中，我們可以按照以下幾點來做：1抓關鍵句(如名詞、動詞、主謂賓構成的簡單句及常見的幾種復合句)。2抓首尾句，即中心句，也叫主題句。3在瀏覽題目的同時，用鉛筆畫出有關信息，縮小尋找范圍。4學會通過閱讀上下文或跳讀來推測詞義。最后，要復讀檢查。答完題后，再重讀一遍短文，以驗證所做的答案。例題精析例題精析2017青海中考Although we all want h
49、appiness and joy every day，sometimes we still feel blueMost people can control this，but sometimes it can get worse and people fall into depression(抑郁)This year，the WHO chose“depression”as the theme of World Health Day.This aims to raise peoples awareness(意識)of it.According to its recent report，about
50、 322 million people had depression in 2015.This is more than 4 percent of the worlds population.Depression is described as a mental disorder(精神疾病)It has several symptoms(癥狀)like sadness and loss of interest.In extreme cases，depression may lead to suicide(自殺)There are three groups of people that are
51、more likely to develop depression，according to WHO.One is old people，while another is women who are pregnant(懷孕的)or have just given birth.And young people are also one of the three groups.In China，depression among young people is on the rise，Zhu Zhuohong，a famous psychology professor told Xinhua.Com
52、petitions，especially in education，can cause a lot of pressure.Luckily，efforts are being made to solve this problem.Now several social organizations in China are trying hard to help those with depression.WHO also held the“Depression：Lets talk”campaign this month，aiming to make sure that people with d
53、epression seek and get help.1In Paragraph 1，the underlined word“blue”means“_”Athe color of the skyBsad and hopelessCsad musicDbad feeling2People with depression even want to_Aseek and get help Bhave competitionChave pressure Dcommit suicide3Which of the following statement is NOT true?ADepression is
54、 a mental disorder.BPregnant women are more likely to develop depression.CPeople with depression cannot go to work.DDepression among young people is on the rise.4Depression among young people in China may be caused by_Apressure Blarge populationCsadness Dmental disorder5Whats the best title for the
55、passage?ADepression developmentBDepression，a silent killerCEducation competitionsDDepression campaign【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹了抑郁癥患者的數(shù)量、癥狀、患病人群及采取阻止患抑郁病的一些措施。1B考查角度：詞義猜測。解題方法：聯(lián)系上下文。推理過程：前文提示“happiness”和“joy”及后文轉(zhuǎn)折，故可以推斷情緒為“sad and hopeless(難過和無望的)”。由于謂語動詞為feel，其后跟形容詞，排除D項。故選B。2D考查角度：細節(jié)理解。解題方法：尋找關鍵詞。推理過程：文中
56、第三段最后一句中提示“depression may lead to suicide”，意為“有自殺傾向”，故選D。3C考查角度：推理判斷。解題方法：回看文章。推理過程：A選項“抑郁是一種精神疾病”、B選項“孕婦易患抑郁”和D選項“年輕人抑郁人數(shù)上升”，文中均有表示，是正確的。而C選項，文中提示“有部分人沒有意識到患了抑郁，還有些學生由于教育的壓力導致抑郁”等，均說明抑郁的人是可以工作的。故選C。4A考查角度：細節(jié)理解。解題方法：邏輯推理。推理過程：文中第五段最后一句“Competitions，especially in education，can cause a lot of pressure
57、.”說明教育競爭的壓力導致年輕人患上抑郁。故選A。5B考查角度：標題歸納。解題方法：歸納全文。推理過程：本文主要介紹的抑郁對人們的危害。故B選項 Depression，a silent killer“抑郁，無聲的殺手”符合文意，故選B。技法點撥技法點撥1細節(jié)理解題利用題目的關鍵詞，尋找文中對應的詞，在對應詞周圍找答案或直接在文中搜索答案。一般不能直接從某句中找到答案，而是需要根據(jù)全文的多個句子或段落得出答案，這時應采用排除法來解題。2推理判斷題本題型根據(jù)文中某些詞、句子或段落進行推理或根據(jù)句子的語氣、文章的論調(diào)和傾向進行推斷。讀整篇文章，理解作者意圖，真理不一定是正確答案。事實推斷：這種推斷常
58、常針對某一或幾個具體細節(jié)進行簡單的推斷。進行這種推斷時，要首先在文章中找出依據(jù)推斷的有關文字，然后加以分析，尤其要悟出字里行間的含義。邏輯推斷。對作者的意圖和態(tài)度的推斷。3詞義猜測題解答這類題目時需要一些猜詞技巧：根據(jù)上下文猜測；根據(jù)同義詞或反義詞猜測；根據(jù)構詞法猜測；通過定義或釋義猜測；根據(jù)轉(zhuǎn)折、因果關系等來猜測；根據(jù)生活常識猜測。此外，對于這類題目采取“代入法”也十分有效，即將備選答案逐一帶入文中，哪一選項能使句子的意思通順、連貫，且與上下文的內(nèi)容一致，就是正確答案。4主旨大意題標題歸納題用以考查考生對文章主題或中心思想的領會和理解能力。做此類題要注意：(1)以原文為依據(jù)；(2)只選最適合
59、本篇文章的；(3)注意絕對化的詞；(4)答案要避免以點帶面，以偏概全；(5)文中沒有提到的不要妄自猜測，一切以文章內(nèi)容為準。主旨大意題重點關注文章的首尾句或段首句尋找主題句或縱觀全文歸納總結文章的主旨大意。類型類型3 3 選詞填空型閱讀理解選詞填空型閱讀理解本題型從2017年開始由一篇文章的12選10選詞填空，改為兩個語篇的6選5選詞填空，并且位置也發(fā)生了變化，改放在第卷中的第三大題閱讀理解C篇，降低了題目的難度。文章為一篇文章分為兩個語篇，詞數(shù)大約200詞左右。該題型考查學生的綜合能力，包括閱讀理解能力、基礎語法能力、單詞拼寫能力和語言表達能力等。通過觀察近幾年的臨沂中考題可以發(fā)現(xiàn)，選詞填空
60、的文章多以記敘文和議論文為主，單詞以實詞為主，兼顧虛詞。考點主要集中在：固定搭配；語義推斷能力；考查關聯(lián)詞。閱讀指導閱讀指導選詞填空考查的是考生對文章的整體理解，因此選詞填空題的解題步驟為：1跳讀全文，把握大意?？忌紫葢焖偻ㄗx全文，了解文章的中心思想，通過對文章的分析，把握文章的背景、主題，結合每段的首句和末句，把握文章的結構。2閱讀選項，詞性分類。接下來要仔細閱讀選項。因為選項是單詞，而非句子或語段，所以考試難度就大大下降了，考生應根據(jù)詞性把每個單詞進行分類歸納，如：動詞、名詞、形容詞等。3前后結合，尋找線索。注意空格前后的結構和搭配，選擇詞性、單復數(shù)、時態(tài)和意義均符合文章上下文要求的詞
61、填入空格處，特別要注意“瞻前顧后”，保持文章前后通順、流暢。同時在做題過程中可用排除法逐漸減少備選詞匯。4重讀全文，查漏補缺，核實答案。選擇完成后，考生必須將所選單詞帶入原文進行復讀，確認上下文銜接與否并核實答案。值得一提的是，如果考生覺得某些選項需要調(diào)整，只能進行謹慎微調(diào)，切忌將自己已做出的選擇全部推翻重選，那樣做題效率會大大降低。例題精析例題精析根據(jù)短文內(nèi)容，從方框中選出恰當?shù)膯卧~或短語填空，使語意通順完整。第一個方框供15小題選用，第二個方框供610小題選用。每個選項只能選用一次，每框有一項剩余。Achangeable Bdisaster CresponsibleDsituation E
62、exciting FbeforeNowadays more and more people prefer to go fishing or hiking in the woods.Experiencing nature is 1 ，but when youre doing this，always keep yourself safe.Its important to remember several basic rules if you dont want to turn a pleasant outing into 2 First，be fully prepared for differen
63、t weather.3 you set out，always get warm clothes and raincoats ready，just in case!This is especially true in the 4 of traveling in the mountain areas.The weather is really 5 in high mountains.Sometimes you can experience two or three seasons in one day.Aappear Bheavily CnearlyDpack Eprobably FareaSec
64、ond，6 a map，a compass，and a flashlight in your bag.Even experienced travelers get lost.Before you start your trip，study the map to get familiar with the 7 you are going to.The flashlight is important if you do get lost.Many trips that start out in daylight will 8 become nighttime adventures when peo
65、ple cant find their way.Third，bring a firstaid kit and know how to use it.Small cuts can be more serious when there is no doctor 9 Finally，tell people where you are going and when you plan to come back.That way，someone will go search for you if troubles 10 This will increase your chance of being fou
66、nd quickly.【主旨大意】本文是一篇說明文，主要闡述了人們?nèi)ヒ巴庥H近大自然時需要注意的事項。1E考查角度：語境理解。解題方法：聯(lián)系上文及搭配的合理性。推理過程：由上句“Nowadays more and more people prefer to go fishing or hiking in the woods.”可知，人們越來越喜歡釣魚、徒步旅行等，可推知去野外體驗大自然是很讓人興奮的。本句是主系表結構，系動詞is說明此處應用形容詞作表語。2B考查角度：推理判斷。解題方法：邏輯推理。推理過程：由上句中的“.when youre doing this，always keep yourself safe.”可知，出游時一定要保證安全，可推知本句應是表示“如果不想把愉快的出游變成災難，遵守一些基本的規(guī)則是很重要的?！庇汕懊娴牟欢ü谠~a可知應填單數(shù)名詞disaster。3F考查角度：語境理解。解題方法：聯(lián)系前后句。推理過程：由“總是準備好暖和的衣服和雨衣”在“出發(fā)”之前，故用before。4D考查角度：細節(jié)理解。解題方法：聯(lián)系文章。推理過程：由第二段第一、二句“First，be f
（臨沂專）中考英語總復習 第三部分 題型研析 高分保障課件
