Unit 9Can you come to my party 知識(shí)講解
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1、 Unit 9 Can you come to my party? 詞句精講精練 詞匯精講 1. prepare for prepare作動(dòng)詞,意為“準(zhǔn)備”。其用法歸納如下: (1) prepare sth.意為“準(zhǔn)備……”,賓語是所準(zhǔn)備的內(nèi)容。例如: Mother was preparing dinner in the kitchen. 媽媽在廚房準(zhǔn)備飯菜。 He had a speech to prepare that evening.那天晚上他得準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)報(bào)告。 (2) prepare to do sth. 表示“準(zhǔn)備做某事”。例如: Taking out
2、a piece of paper, he prepared to write to his parents. 他拿出紙,準(zhǔn)備給父母寫信。 He is preparing to go on a trip. 他正準(zhǔn)備去旅行。 (3) prepare for sth.表示“為……做準(zhǔn)備”。例如: He is busy preparing with great care for the Congress. 他們正忙著精心準(zhǔn)備這次代表大會(huì)。 Hope for the best and prepare for the worst. 抱最好的希望,做最壞的準(zhǔn)備。 (4) prepare st
3、h. for... 表示“為……準(zhǔn)備某物”。例如: Please prepare the table for the dinner. 請(qǐng)擺好桌子吃飯。 You must prepare a room for the guest. 你必須為客人準(zhǔn)備一個(gè)房間。 2. hang out hang out是動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu)的短語,意為“閑逛”。例如: I hung out with my friends and took lots of photos. 我和朋友們一起閑逛,還拍了許多照片。 【拓展】 hang的其他搭配:hang about=hang around 閑逛,徘徊
4、,逗留;hang up掛斷(電話);hang on不掛斷; hang意為“逗留,懸掛”時(shí),過去式和過去分詞都是hung;hang還有“吊死,絞死”的意思,但當(dāng)hang意為“吊死,絞死”時(shí),其過去式和過去分詞都是hanged。例如: Thick clouds hung low and covered the sky. 厚厚的云低懸著,遮住了整個(gè)天空。 He was hanged at Landsberg prison on June 8, 1951. 他與1951年6月9日在蘭茨貝格監(jiān)獄被絞死。 3. invite invite作及物動(dòng)詞,意為“邀請(qǐng),招待”。常用結(jié)構(gòu)為:inv
5、ite sb. to do,invite sb.+副詞或介詞短語,表示“邀請(qǐng)某人做某事, 邀某人去某地”。例如: They’ve invited us to stay for the weekend. 他們已邀請(qǐng)我們留下來度周末。 Who have you invited to your house for your birthday party? 你請(qǐng)了誰到家里來參加你的生日晚會(huì)? 4. accept accept作動(dòng)詞,意為“同意, 承認(rèn)”。例如: It is generally accepted that smoking is harmful to our health.
6、 吸煙有害健康,這是大家公認(rèn)的。 【拓展】 receive與accept的辨析: 兩個(gè)詞都作動(dòng)詞用,都表示“接受,收到”之意,但在用法上有所不同。 receive表示的行為與主觀意愿沒有關(guān)系,著重于行為本身,不涉及收到者是否同意。動(dòng)作本身有一定的被動(dòng)性。accept表示的行為由主語的主觀意志所決定,強(qiáng)調(diào)經(jīng)過主語的考慮而接受。動(dòng)作本身是主動(dòng)的。例如: I received his invitation to the party yesterday, but I refused to accept it. 昨天我收到了他的晚會(huì)請(qǐng)柬,但我拒絕接收。 5. refus
7、e refuse作動(dòng)詞,意為“拒絕”。常用搭配有:refuse to do sth.拒絕做某事 (作為不及物動(dòng)詞) ;refuse sb. sth.為某事拒絕某人(作為及物動(dòng)詞) 例如: He refused to change his mind.他拒絕改變主意。 The United States has refused him a visa. 美國(guó)拒絕給他發(fā)放簽證。 She refused their invitation.她拒絕了他們的邀請(qǐng)。 6. reply reply既可作不及物動(dòng)詞,又可作及物動(dòng)詞,還可作名詞。 (1)作不及物動(dòng)詞,意為“回答”,可用“reply t
8、o(sb. /sth. )”表示“對(duì)……做出回答”。例如: He failed to reply to my question. 他沒能回答我的問題。 What did he do in reply to your challenge? 你提出與他較量,他做何反應(yīng)? (2)作及物動(dòng)詞時(shí),其意為“回答,回答說”。例如: He replied that this was absolutely impossible. 他回復(fù)說這是絕對(duì)不可能的。 She sighed, but didn’t reply. 她嘆了口氣,沒有回答。 (3)作名詞時(shí),意思為“答道,答復(fù)”。例如: A fe
9、w weeks later I received a reply. 幾個(gè)星期后,我收到了她的回信。 I called out a challenge, but there was no reply. 我提出挑戰(zhàn),但是沒人回應(yīng)。 7. without without是介詞,意為“無,沒有”,后接名詞、代詞或動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。without構(gòu)成的介詞短語具有否定含義,在句中相當(dāng)于構(gòu)成了否定句。例如: I can’t do it without your help. 沒有你的幫助,我不能做這件事。 He went to school this morning withou
10、t having breakfast. 他今天早上沒吃早飯就去上學(xué)了。 【拓展】 without的反義詞是with,表示“擁有,帶有”。例如: She was a lively young woman with patience and imagination. 她是個(gè)充滿活力的年輕女性,富有忍耐力和想象力。 Mr. Brown bought a garden with a beautiful lake. 布朗先生買了一個(gè)帶有漂亮湖泊的花園。 8. surprised surprised 是形容詞,意為“吃驚的,感到驚訝的”,句子的主語通常是人。例如: I’m
11、 surprised at the accident. 我對(duì)這起事故感到很吃驚。 How surprised the students are! 學(xué)生們是多么吃驚??! 【拓展】 (1)surprising也是形容詞,意為“吃驚的,令人驚訝的”,常修飾物。例如: He told me something surprising. 他告訴我一些令人吃驚的事情。 (2) surprise作動(dòng)詞時(shí),意為“使……驚奇,使……感到意外、吃驚”。例如: What surprised you? 什么事使你感到意外? (3) surprise作名詞時(shí),意為“吃驚,驚訝”。這
12、種吃驚可能包含著“高興、害怕或憂慮”。例如: He gave me a surprise by arriving early. 他的早到使我大感意外。 (4)作名詞用時(shí)還可構(gòu)成短語: to one’s surprise意為“使某人吃驚的是……”。 in surprise意為“吃驚地”。 例如: To my surprise, he passed the exam. 使我吃驚是,他竟然通過了考試。 He looked at me in surprise. 他吃驚地望著我。 9. available (1)available作形容詞,意為“現(xiàn)成可使用的,
13、可獲得的,便利的,有效的”。例如: Ill send you all the books available. 我將把我能得到的書給你寄去。 My bicycle is not available, and it is being repaired. 我的自行車現(xiàn)在不能用, 因?yàn)檎谛蘩怼? The season ticket is available for three months. 季票有效期為三個(gè)月。 (2)available還表示“可會(huì)見的,可取得聯(lián)系的”。例如: The doctor is not available now. 醫(yī)生現(xiàn)在沒空。 He was not
14、always available to everyone. 并不是人人總能找到他。 10. miss miss為動(dòng)詞,意為“想念,思念”。例如: I’ll miss you when you go to Canada. 你到了加拿大以后,我一定會(huì)想你。 【拓展】 (1) miss作動(dòng)詞還有“未擊中,未抓住”的意思。例如: I tried to hit the ball but I missed. 我努力地想擊中球,但卻未成功。 (2) miss還可意為“未趕上,錯(cuò)過”,是動(dòng)詞。例如: I missed the football match on TV last
15、 night. 我錯(cuò)過了昨天晚上電視中的足球賽。 (3) miss與like; mind; finish; enjoy; practice; be busy; stop; can’t help; give up等詞一樣后接動(dòng)詞的-ing形式。 例如: I don’t want to miss seeing that film on television tonight. 我不想錯(cuò)過今晚在電視上看那部影片的機(jī)會(huì)。 詞匯精練 I. 英漢詞組互譯。 1. prepare for ________________ 2. 閑逛_________
16、_______ 3. take a trip _______________ 4. 答復(fù)某事________________ 5. hear from sb.________________ 6. 后天 ________________ 7. another time________________ 8. 盼望,期待 ________________ 9. turn down________________ 10. 前天 ______________
17、__ II. 根據(jù)漢語或首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞。 1.—Lets play football tomorrow! —Sorry.Im afraid I cant.I have to study for an e______ 2.—What’s wrong with you,Mum? —I have the ______(流感),and I feel terrible. 3.—Are you a______ after school? —No.Im very busy.I have to look after my little cousin. 4. She was polit
18、e but she didnt ________(邀請(qǐng)) me in. 5.—Can you a______ the gift from Mr.Green? —Yes.I like it very much. 6. We asked him to come, but he ________(拒絕). 7.—Do you know how to c______ a fish in the water? —Yes.Its easy. 8. Man can’t live w__________air and water. III. 從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~并用其正確形式完成
19、句子。 help,meet,prepare,too many,have,play,too much 1.Im going to ______ my friends tomorrow. 2.—Can you ______ your parents at home? —Of course.I often help them do housework. 3.—What are their doing? —They ______ for the Chinese test. 4.—Whats the matter,Tim? —Well,I _____
20、_ the flu. 5.—Can you ______ tennis with me? —Sure.Let’s go. 6. —Would you like to play soccer tomorrow morning? —I’d love to,but I have ______ homework to do. 7. There are ______ people in the supermarket. IV. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1.The grandmother ______(have) to stay at home to
21、look after her baby. 2.Id love ______(help)you. 3.Thanks for ______(ask)me to your party. 4.They all look forward to ______(visit)their new house. 5.Lets help the old woman ______(cross) the road. 6.They invite their teacher ______(come)to the party. 7.I refuse ______(accept)his invitation. 8
22、.We are all ______(surprise)at the ______(surprise)news. 9.Who is making an ______(invite),do you know? 10.Tomorrow we’ll have ______(a)exam. 【參考答案】 I. 英漢詞組互譯。 1.為……做準(zhǔn)備 2.hang out 3.去旅行 4. reply to sth. 5.收到某人來信 6.the day after tomorrow 7.別的時(shí)間 8. lo
23、ok forward to 9.拒絕 10. the day before yesterday II. 根據(jù)漢語或首字母提示補(bǔ)全單詞。 1. exam 2. flu 3.available 4. invite 5. accept 6.refused 7. catch 8. without III. 從方框中選擇適當(dāng)?shù)膯卧~并用其正確形式完成句子。 1.meet 2.help 3.are preparing 4.have 5. play 6.too m
24、uch 7.too many IV. 用括號(hào)內(nèi)所給單詞的適當(dāng)形式填空。 1.has 2.to help 3.asking 4.visiting 5.(to)cross 6.to come 7.to accept 8.surprised,surpring 9.invitation 10.an 句式精講 1. Can you come to my party? can是最常用的情態(tài)動(dòng)詞,其后接動(dòng)詞原形,否定形式為can’t。用法如下: (1) can表示有能力做或能夠發(fā)生,有“能,會(huì)”的意思。例如:
25、 I can run fast. 我能跑得快。 She can speak Japanese. 她會(huì)說日語。 【注意】can在表示“能力”時(shí),可與be able to互換使用,be able to 有更多的時(shí)態(tài),常被用來表示can所不能表示的將來時(shí)或完成時(shí)。例如: They will be able to run the machine on their own in three months. 三個(gè)月后,他們能自己操作這臺(tái)機(jī)器。 (2) can表示允許,意為“可以”。例如: Can I read your newspaper? 我可以看一下你的報(bào)紙嗎?
26、 You can put your bike here. 你可以把自行車放在這里。 (3) can用于疑問、否定或感嘆句中,意為“會(huì),可能”。例如: This can’t be true. 這不可能是真的。 Today is Sunday. He can’t be at school. 今天是周日,他不可能上學(xué)。 (4) can 表示可能性,意為“可以,可能”。例如: Our classroom can seat 50 students. 我們教室能坐50名學(xué)生。 2. Oh, but Sam isn’t leaving until next Wednesd
27、ay. until意為“直到……”,有下列用法: 作介詞,后接時(shí)間名詞,在句中作時(shí)間狀語。 作連詞,后接從句,引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語從句。 例如: We waited until the rain stopped. 我們等到雨停了。 She stayed there until 9 o’clock. 她一直等到9點(diǎn)鐘。 【拓展】 (1) until用在肯定句中,多與持續(xù)性的動(dòng)詞連用。如stand/wait/stay等,表示主句動(dòng)作的終止時(shí)間。 (2) until可用于否定句中,即not…until…意為“直到……才”,常與非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞連用。如open/start/
28、leave/arrive等,強(qiáng)調(diào)主句動(dòng)作開始的時(shí)間。例如: The child didn’t go to bed until his father came back. 直到父親回來,那個(gè)孩子才睡覺。 3. I have to study for a math test. have to意為“不得不,必須”,表示客觀情況要求某人必須做某事,有人稱和時(shí)態(tài)的變化,后接動(dòng)詞原形。例如: She isn’t very well these days and she has to stay at home. 她這些天身體不太好,不得不待在家里。 Do you have to do
29、everything? 什么事都得你做嗎? She doesn’t have to come this afternoon. 今天下午她不必來。 【拓展】 must與have to的辨析: have to側(cè)重于客觀需要,含有“不得不”或“被迫”之意,有多種時(shí)態(tài)形式;否定式為don’t have to意為“不必”。 must側(cè)重于說話者的主觀看法,認(rèn)為有必要或有義務(wù)去做某事;只有現(xiàn)在時(shí)一種形式(在賓語從句中可以表示過去);否定式mustn’t 意為“一定不要;不允許”。例如: You must do your homework first. 你必須先做作業(yè)。
30、 It’s raining. I have to stay at home. 正在下雨,我不得不待在家里。 4. She helped me to improve my English so much. help常用在句式: help somebody (to) do something.或help somebody with something.意為“幫助某人做某事”。 例如:I have to help my parents with the housework. 我得幫助我的父母做家務(wù)。 Sometimes I help my mother do the cooki
31、ng. 有時(shí)候我?guī)臀夷赣H做飯。 【拓展】 help的常用短語: can’t help doing sth 意為“禁不住做某事”。例如: She couldn’t help crying when she heard the bad news. 當(dāng)她聽到那個(gè)壞消息時(shí),禁不住哭了。 help oneself to 意為“隨便用……”。例如: Help yourself to some fish. 隨便吃點(diǎn)魚吧。 with the help of 表示“在……的幫助下”。例如: I work out the problem with the help of the computer
32、. 借助電腦,我解決了這個(gè)問題。 5. Let me know if you need my help. 從屬連詞if, whether引導(dǎo)的賓語從句是由一般疑問句或選擇疑問句轉(zhuǎn)化而來的,變成從句后,語序由原來的倒裝語序變成陳述語序。whether和if意為“是否”。例如: Let us know whether / if you can finish the work before Friday. 請(qǐng)讓我們知道你是否能在星期五以前把工作做完。 I don’t care whether you like the story or not. 我不在乎你是否喜歡這個(gè)故事。 【
33、拓展】 if意為“是否”時(shí),引導(dǎo)賓語從句;if意為“如果”時(shí),引導(dǎo)條件狀語從句。要注意在含有if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語從句的復(fù)合句中,如果主句是一般將來時(shí)、祈使句或含有情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的句子,if引導(dǎo)的從句要用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示將來。例如: If the rain doesn’t stop, we will stay here. 如果這場(chǎng)雨不停的話,我們就呆在這兒。 Hurry up, or you will be late. 快點(diǎn),否則你就遲到了。 6. What a great idea! What a great idea!是一感嘆句式,感嘆句的句型結(jié)構(gòu)如下:通常由what或how
34、引導(dǎo),一般各有三種情況: What引導(dǎo)的感嘆句: (1)What a(an)+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式+主語+謂語! What a new watch it is! 多新的一塊手表??! (2)What+形容詞+可數(shù)名詞的復(fù)數(shù)形式+主語+謂語! What interesting books the children are reading! 孩子們讀的書多么有趣??! (3)What+形容詞+不可數(shù)名詞+主語+謂語! What important news it is! 多重要的新聞??! How引導(dǎo)的感嘆句: (1)How+形容詞或副詞+
35、主語+謂語! How tall the girl is! 那個(gè)女孩多高??! (2) How+形容詞+a(an)+可數(shù)名詞的單數(shù)形式+主語+謂語! How heavy a box they are carrying! 他們抬的箱子多重??! (3) How+主語+謂語! How time flies! 時(shí)間過得多快! 句式精練 I. 根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。(每空一詞) 1.星期三你能來參加我的聚會(huì)嗎? ______ you ______ ______ my party ______ Wednesday? 2.我得去看望我的姑姑。
36、 I ______ ______ visit my aunt. 3.這個(gè)周末我有太多的作業(yè)要做。 I have ______ homework ______ do this weekend. 4. 我在期待你的回復(fù)。 I’m looking _______ to your ________. 5.感謝邀請(qǐng)。 ______ ______ asking. 6.我很樂意幫助你學(xué)英語。 I am glad ______ ______ you ______ your English. 7. 我想他不會(huì)拒絕我的。 I _______ _______ he
37、 _______ _______ me. 8. 如果你錯(cuò)過了這次機(jī)會(huì),還會(huì)有另一個(gè)機(jī)會(huì)的。 _______ chance will come along _______ ________ _______ this one. 9. 我還沒有把握確定我們是否能贏。 I’m not yet_______ ________we could win. 10. 直到媽媽告訴他,他才認(rèn)識(shí)到自己的錯(cuò)誤。 He _______ _______his mistake_______ his mother told him. II. 按要求變換句式。 1.Can you come to
38、my birthday party? (作肯定回答) __________________________________________ 2.What a good idea it is! (改為陳述句) It is _______________________________________ 3.We like her because she is a nice teacher.(就劃線部分提問) __________________________________________ 4.I am going to study for the English
39、test this evening.(就劃線部分提問) __________________________________________ 5.What about planning a party for her? (改為同義句) ________________ planning a party for her? 6.The new city is beautiful.(改為感嘆句) _________________ the new city is ! 7.The weather is bad,please stay at home.(改為感嘆句) _____
40、____________ it is! Please stay at home. 8.I have to study for a test.(變?yōu)榉穸ň? I _________________ study for a test. 9.—Can Mary go to your birthday party? (做出否定回答) —____________. 10.I often visit my aunt on Sundays.(用the day after tomorrow改寫句子) I’ll _________ my aunt _________________
41、______. III. 從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(有多余選項(xiàng))。 A. The boy who was eating an apple? B. I must look after it well. C. But I had it a minute ago. D. It’s a photo which was taken a few years ago. E. No, it wasn’t. F. And he was stronger than me, too. G. How did you get on? B: Come in, Tom
42、. This is my bedroom. A: OK. Look at the photo on the wall, Jim. B: 1 A: Who is the boy in the photo? B: 2 A: Yes, you are right. B: It’s me. I was five year old then. A: And the boy who was taller than you was your brother, wasn’t he? B: Yes, it was. 3 A: Was the small h
43、ouse which was behind you very old? B: 4 Though the house was very small, it was new then. A: It’s really an old photo you should take good care of! B: You bet! 5 【參考答案】 I. 根據(jù)漢語提示完成下列句子。 1.Can,come to,on 2.have to 3. much,to 4.forward,reply 5.Thanks for 6.to help,with/learn 7.
44、 don’t think, will refuse 8. Another, if you miss 9. sure if 10. didn’t realize, until II. 按要求變換句式。 1. Yes,I can. 2. a good idea. 3.Why do you like her? 4.What are you going to do this evening? 5. How about 6. How beautiful 7. What bad weather 8. don’t have to 9.No, she can’t. 10. visit, the day after tomorrow III. 從方框中選擇恰當(dāng)?shù)倪x項(xiàng)補(bǔ)全對(duì)話(有多余選項(xiàng))。 1. D 2. A 3.F 4.E 5.B
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