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1、 說(shuō)明文一般用簡(jiǎn)練的語(yǔ)言，按一定的方法介紹事物的類別、性質(zhì)、特點(diǎn)、構(gòu)造、成因、關(guān)系或事物的運(yùn)動(dòng)變化、發(fā)展的過(guò)程及規(guī)律。說(shuō)明文十分講究條理性，一般采用時(shí)間順序、空間順序或邏輯順序。 1說(shuō)明文一般分為三類： 事物的說(shuō)明；事理的說(shuō)明； 文藝性的說(shuō)明。 2說(shuō)明文通常具有下列特點(diǎn)： (1)多用現(xiàn)在時(shí)態(tài)。因?yàn)檎f(shuō)明文通常是對(duì)客觀事物或事理的一種介紹與解釋，而這種客觀介紹與解釋一般是不隨時(shí)間變化而變化的。 (2)采用客觀描述。說(shuō)明文一般是對(duì)客觀存在的說(shuō)明與介紹，因此，語(yǔ)言的表述也應(yīng)該盡可能地給人以客觀可信的感覺(jué)。 (3)遣詞用字簡(jiǎn)練、平實(shí)、確切。 說(shuō)明文的主要目的是幫助讀者認(rèn)清事物，明白事理，故其語(yǔ)言通常較為
2、淺顯、通俗，比較易于讀者理解。其內(nèi)容也很客觀真實(shí)，它的用詞總是貼近事物的本來(lái)面目，不會(huì)使用華麗的詞藻和夸張的寫作手法，一般也不加描述和議論。 Have you ever been in a meeting while someone was making a speech and realized suddenly that your _1_ was a million miles away? You probably felt _2_ and made up your mind to pay attention and never daydream again.Most of us，from
3、 earliest school _3_， have been told that daydreaming is a waste of time. “On the contrary，” says LGiambra，an expert in psychology，“daydreaming is quite _4_.Without it，the mind couldnt get done all the _5_ it has to do during a normal day.You cant possibly do all your thinking with a conscious mind.
4、_6_，your unconscious mind is working out problems all the time.Daydreaming then may be one _7_ in which the unconscious and conscious _8_ of mind have silent dialogue.” Early experts in psychology paid no attention to the importance of _9_ or even considered them harmful.At one time daydreaming was
5、thought to be a cause of some mental _10_.They did not have a better understanding of daydreams _11_ the late 1980s.Eric Klinger，a professor o f p s y c h o l o g y ， i s t h e w r i t e r o f t h e b o o k Daydreaming.Klinger says，“We _12_ now that daydreaming is one of the main ways that we _13_ o
6、ur lives，learn from our experiences，and plan for our future.” Daydreams are really a reflection on the things we _14_ or the things we long for in life. Daydreams are usually very simple and _15_，quite unlike sleep dreams，which may be _16_ to understand.Its easier to gain a _17_ understanding of you
7、r life by paying close attention to your daydreams than by trying to examine your sleep dreams carefully.Daydreams help one _18_ the difficult situations in life and find out a possible way for dealing with them. Daydreams cannot be predicted.They move off in _19_ directions，which may be creative an
8、d full of useful ideas.For many famous artists and scientists，daydreams were，and are a main source of creative energy. So next time you catch _20_ daydreaming，dont stop.Just pay attention to your dreams.They may be more important than you think. 1 A . b u s i n e s s B f e e l i n g C m i n d Dfamil
9、y 2A.hurried Bworried Clonely Dsorry 3A.days Bages Clessons Dtimes 4A.normal Bordinary Cnecessary Dpossible 5A.controlling Bimagining Cthinking Dworking 6A.Gradually BHowever CActually DOf course 7A.place Bresult Ceffect DWay 8A.states Bexample Cshape Dlevel 9A.research Bdaydreams Cdialogue Dminds 1
10、0A.weakness Bpower CIllness Dfault 11A.at Buntil Cafter Dbefore 12A.suppose Bconclude Cknow Dthink 13A.learn Borganize Cexpect Ddetermine 14A.think Bwant Cwish Dfear 15A.direct Bsudden Clong Dclear 16A.slow Bindirect Cfamiliar Dhard 17A.happy Bdeep Csimple Dsatisfying 18A.experience Bdefeat Crecogni
11、ze Dtake 19A.usual Bstrange Cscientific Dunexpected 20A.anybody Byourself Cone Dsomebody 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】一說(shuō)起做白日夢(mèng)，一定會(huì)有很多人對(duì)此嗤之以鼻，而實(shí)際做白日夢(mèng)是有好處的，事實(shí)上它對(duì)你的生活，在某些方面是有促進(jìn)作用的。1Cmind在此處的意思是“精力、注意力”。2Dfeel sorry在這里表示“后悔、悔恨”， 也就是說(shuō)，聽(tīng)講座時(shí)突然發(fā)現(xiàn)自己在走神，會(huì)感到悔恨。3Adays在此處意思為“的時(shí)代”， 指某人一生中的某段時(shí)期。選項(xiàng)D的干擾性最強(qiáng)，但times指時(shí)代時(shí)，表示某段歷史時(shí)期，如Shakespeares
12、 times 等。4. C根據(jù)下文提示W(wǎng)ithout it(daydream)，the mind couldnt get done all the thinking it has to do.，說(shuō)明daydreaming是很有必要的。5. C根據(jù)下文信息You cant possibly do all your thinking with a conscious mind.得知此處的意思為“思考”。6. C上文提到“清楚的思路并不能解決所有的問(wèn)題”，根據(jù)上下文邏輯，下文的意思應(yīng)為“事實(shí)上，人的潛意識(shí)一直處于思考、解決問(wèn)題的狀態(tài)中”。7. D此處的意思為“白日夢(mèng)是一種意識(shí)和潛意識(shí)合作的方式”。8
13、A意思是“大腦的意識(shí)和潛意識(shí)狀態(tài)”。9B上文提到了白日夢(mèng)的必要性，根據(jù)行文邏輯，此處的意思是“心理學(xué)家曾忽視白日夢(mèng)的重要性，甚至認(rèn)為白日夢(mèng)是有害的”。 10C意思是白日夢(mèng)曾經(jīng)被認(rèn)為是精神疾病的根源，與上文提到的白日夢(mèng)有害相吻合。11B意思為他們直到二十世紀(jì)八十年代后期，才對(duì)幻想有了比較深入的了解。12C上文提到的二十世紀(jì)八十年代后期對(duì)白日夢(mèng)有了比較深入的了解，暗示此處的意思應(yīng)為“知道”。13B根據(jù)本句中的learn from our experiences(吸取過(guò)去的經(jīng)驗(yàn)、教訓(xùn))，and plan for our future(籌劃未來(lái))此處的意思為“組織、安排生活”。14D此處的意思是“白日夢(mèng)”是我們擔(dān)憂的事情或期待的事情的真實(shí)反映。15A此處意思是“白日夢(mèng)”既簡(jiǎn)單又直接，與睡夢(mèng)的朦朧、難以捕捉形成對(duì)比，符合行文邏輯。16D白日夢(mèng)既簡(jiǎn)單又直接，不像睡夢(mèng)難以理解。17B上文提到白日夢(mèng)既簡(jiǎn)單又直接能反映我們?cè)诂F(xiàn)實(shí)生活中真實(shí)的期待，因此研究我們的白日夢(mèng)既簡(jiǎn)單又直接比研究我們的睡夢(mèng)更容易幫助我們了解自己的人生。18C首先要認(rèn)清困難所在，才可能有下文提到的“找到解決問(wèn)題的辦法”。19D根據(jù)本段第一句話，“白日夢(mèng)既簡(jiǎn)單又直接是不可預(yù)見(jiàn)的”，可推斷此處選擇D項(xiàng)，來(lái)突出白日夢(mèng)既簡(jiǎn)單又直接的這一特征。20B根據(jù)下一句Just pay attention to your dreams.可知應(yīng)選B。
高考英語(yǔ)總復(fù)習(xí) 完形填空專項(xiàng)攻略三 說(shuō)明文課件 外研版
