高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（自主復(fù)習(xí)+考點(diǎn)演練+真題集訓(xùn)）語法篇 助動(dòng)詞類 第2節(jié) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)課件

《高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（自主復(fù)習(xí)+考點(diǎn)演練+真題集訓(xùn)）語法篇 助動(dòng)詞類 第2節(jié) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高三英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)（自主復(fù)習(xí)+考點(diǎn)演練+真題集訓(xùn)）語法篇 助動(dòng)詞類 第2節(jié) 動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)課件（72頁珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、第二節(jié)動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài) (2) 考點(diǎn)一：動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài) 英語中動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)變化根據(jù)時(shí)間分為現(xiàn)在、過去、將來和過去將來；根據(jù)動(dòng)作方式分為一般、進(jìn)行、完成和完成進(jìn)行，兩種分類結(jié)合便產(chǎn)生了16種時(shí)態(tài)。 下面以do為例，將16種時(shí)態(tài)的構(gòu)成形式列表如下：巧學(xué)妙記：1時(shí)態(tài)的一般體(1)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)(do，does)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)表示現(xiàn)在的經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)，常和表重復(fù)性的時(shí)間狀語always，usually，often等連用。如：We have meals three times a day.我們一日三餐。(現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣)He is always ready to help others.他總是樂于助人。(現(xiàn)在的

2、狀態(tài))一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還可表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)。如：The sun rises in the east and sets in the west.太陽從東方升起，從西方落下。一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還可用在if，unless引導(dǎo)的狀語從句中；由when，before，until(till)，as soon as，the moment，o n c e 引 導(dǎo) 的 時(shí) 間 狀 語 從 句 中 ； 由 n o m a t t e r what/who/which/when/where/how或whatever，whoever，whichever，whenever，wherever，however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語從句中。

3、這時(shí)主句往往表示將來(出現(xiàn)will/shall/can/must)或主句是祈使句。如：Ill go with you as soon as I finish my work.Can I join in your club，Dad?You can when you get a bit older.If city noises are not kept from increasing, people will have to shout to be heard even at the dinner table 20 years from now.Turn on the television or

4、open a magazine and you will often see advertisements showing happy families.Dont try to run before you begin to walk.Whatever you say, I will not change my mind.(2)一般過去時(shí)(did)一般過去時(shí)主要用來表示過去某個(gè)時(shí)間完成的動(dòng)作或一度存在的狀態(tài)，常跟一個(gè)表示過去的時(shí)間狀語連用，如：then，yesterday，the other day等。有時(shí)省去時(shí)間狀語，但從上下文語境當(dāng)中能體會(huì)出被省略的部分。語境中的一般過去時(shí)往往表示“剛才，

5、在過去”，暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。如：Come in, Peter. I want to show you something.Oh, how nice of you! I never thought you were going to bring me a gift.Your phone number again? I didnt quite catch it.Its 9568442.Nancy is not coming tonight.But she promised.一般過去時(shí)還可以表示過去一段時(shí)間經(jīng)常反復(fù)發(fā)生的行為或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作，往往與used to，would等連用。When we

6、were boys we used to/would go swimming every summer.小時(shí)候，每年夏天我們都要去游泳。在時(shí)間、條件、方式或讓步等狀語從句中，要用一般過去時(shí)代替過去將來時(shí)。如：He promised that if his son got a full mark in the next exam he would buy him a new MP4 player.他答應(yīng)他兒子如果他在下次考試中得滿分，他就給他買一個(gè)新MP4。兩個(gè)或兩個(gè)以上在過去接連發(fā)生的動(dòng)作用and連接時(shí)，要用一般過去時(shí)。如：He got up and dressed quickly.他起床了并

7、很快穿好了衣服。敘述某一動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)在過去持續(xù)了一段時(shí)間后終止或在過去某段時(shí)間發(fā)生了若干次時(shí)用一般過去時(shí)。如：Mary worked in this factory for 5 years.瑪麗在這家工廠工作過5年。I went to Beijing 3 times last year.去年我去過北京3次。(3)一般將來時(shí)“will動(dòng)詞原形”表示現(xiàn)在看來以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；事物的固有屬性或必然趨勢(shì)。如：Tom will come back next week.湯姆下周回來。Fish will die without water.魚離開水就會(huì)死?！癮m/is/are going to動(dòng)詞

8、原形”表示“計(jì)劃、打算要做某事”，此外，am/is/are going to還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象，對(duì)未來進(jìn)行推斷。如：He is going to speak on TV this evening.他計(jì)劃今晚到電視臺(tái)講話。Look at the dark clouds. It is going to rain.看這烏云，要下雨了?！癮m/is/are about to動(dòng)詞原形”表示“立即的將來(immediate future)”，因此，該句型很少與時(shí)間狀語連用。如：The train is about to start.火車就要開了。有些動(dòng)詞如come，go，stay，arrive，lea

9、ve，begin，start等，其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)也可表示按計(jì)劃、安排將來要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。如：I arrive in Beijing at 3 pm. tomorrow.明天下午3點(diǎn)我到北京。What are you going to do next week?下周你打算做什么？am/is/are to動(dòng)詞原形表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事。如：When are you to leave for New York?你什么時(shí)候去紐約？(4)過去將來時(shí)表示在過去看來將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)，用“would/should動(dòng)詞原形”，should僅用于第一人稱。具體運(yùn)用時(shí)，多用于賓語從句或間接引

10、語當(dāng)中，表示從過去的觀點(diǎn)來看將來發(fā)生的行為或存在的狀態(tài)。如：He told me that he would pay me a visit if possible.他說要是可能的話他會(huì)拜訪我的。下列方式也表示過去將來：was/were going to do sth; was/were about to do, was/were to do表示過去曾經(jīng)打算或計(jì)劃將要做某事。2時(shí)態(tài)的進(jìn)行體一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作作為背景，被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷，長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作往往用進(jìn)行體，短動(dòng)作用一般體。(1)現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)(am/is/are doing)表示在說話的瞬間正在進(jìn)行或發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或者是當(dāng)前一段時(shí)間內(nèi)的活動(dòng)情況或現(xiàn)階段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)

11、作(在說話時(shí)不一定是正在進(jìn)行)。在句中往往有now，just now等時(shí)間狀語或是像Look！等提示詞語，有的則是通過上下文暗示某動(dòng)作正在進(jìn)行。與always/constantly/continually/forever/all the time等表示時(shí)間的副詞連用，表示說話人對(duì)主語的行為表示贊嘆、贊許、表揚(yáng)、抱怨、厭惡等情緒，體現(xiàn)出一定的感情色彩。如：She is always asking the same question.她總是問同樣的問題。(表示厭惡)He is always thinking of others.他總是為他人著想。(表示贊許)來、去、開始、終結(jié)、離開、到達(dá)等意義的終

12、止性動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)表示按照計(jì)劃安排好的將要進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：We are leaving for Japan tomorrow.我們明天將離開去日本。What are you doing next Sunday?下周日你準(zhǔn)備干什么？不可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)的情況：A表示存在狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：be/stay/exist/belong toB表示心理或情感狀態(tài)的動(dòng)詞：fear/hate/remember/think/know/believe/want/need/understand/forget/please/respect/prefer/mind/like/hope/wish/agree/appreciate/

13、recognize/mean/care/dislike/love等。C終止性動(dòng)詞不可以用于進(jìn)行時(shí)：accept/allow/complete/hear/notice/end/admit/give/refuse/promise/decide等。D感官動(dòng)詞：see/look/hear/smell/taste/feel/sound等。表示動(dòng)作的未完性、暫時(shí)性。如：Have you moved into the new house?你搬進(jìn)新房了嗎？Not yet. The rooms are being painted.還沒呢，房子還在粉刷呢。(未完性)Selecting a mobile phone

14、 for personal use is no easy task because technology is changing so rapidly.選手機(jī)供個(gè)人使用不是一件容易事，因?yàn)榧夹g(shù)變化太快了。(“變化”尚未結(jié)束)(2) 過去進(jìn)行時(shí)(was/were doing)過去進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示在過去某一時(shí)刻或某一時(shí)段正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，這一特定的時(shí)間(時(shí)刻)除了上下文暗示之外，還有時(shí)間狀語如：at that time/at this time yesterday/at that moment或when/while等引導(dǎo)的狀語從句表示。與always/constantly/continually/fo

15、rever等頻度副詞連用時(shí)具有一定的感情色彩，一般表示說話人對(duì)所描述的時(shí)間里發(fā)生的事情持批評(píng)或表揚(yáng)的態(tài)度。表示過去經(jīng)常發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。如：He was always ringing me up.他過去老是給我打電話。My grandfather was always forgetting things.我祖父總是忘這忘那。come/go/leave/get/reach/start/set out/arrive等一些表示趨向動(dòng)作的動(dòng)詞用過去進(jìn)行時(shí)可表示從過去某一時(shí)間將要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作，一般強(qiáng)調(diào)按計(jì)劃、要求、打算進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作。如：Mr. Smith said he was leaving for Londo

16、n soon.史密斯先生說他馬上就要去倫敦了。She said she was coming to see her grandpa the next month.她說她下個(gè)月準(zhǔn)備去看她的祖母。was/were doing常與作并列連詞的when連用，表示“正在(正要)這時(shí)突然”。(3)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)將來進(jìn)行時(shí)主要表示將來某一時(shí)間正在進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，或表示要在將來某一時(shí)間開始，并繼續(xù)下去的動(dòng)作。一般用延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞表示，常用來表示禮貌的詢問、請(qǐng)求等。其構(gòu)成是：shall/willbedoing。This time next day they will be sitting in the cinema.第二天

17、的這個(gè)時(shí)候他們將正坐在電影院。將來進(jìn)行時(shí)常用的時(shí)間狀語有：soon/this evening/on Sunday/by this time/tomorrow/in two days/tomorrow evening等。它表示的是一種客觀的制約，而不是主觀意愿。Will you be using your bicycle this evening?今晚你用自行車嗎？3時(shí)態(tài)的完成體(1)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(have/has done)一個(gè)動(dòng)作開始于過去，持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還將持續(xù)下去)。表示從過去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語有：lately，recently，in the last/past f

18、ew days/years(在過去的這幾天/年里)，since then，up to now，so far(至今)等。如：In the past few years，great changes have taken place in my hometown.在過去的幾年里，我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。He has been busy writing a book recently.最近他一直忙于寫書。He has written 8 books so far.到現(xiàn)在為止，他一共寫了8本書。一件發(fā)生在過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響，注意這時(shí)說話者說話的重心在過去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響上。常用的狀語有al

19、ready，just(剛剛)，yet，never，before等。如：He has turned off the light.(The light is off now.)The concert has started.(The concert is on now.)I have already seen the film. (I know the film now.)句型That/This/It is the first/secondtimethat從句和That/This/It isthe最高級(jí)n.that從句中，that從句的謂語要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)；It has been時(shí)間段sincedi

20、d，即由since引導(dǎo)的從句一般用過去時(shí)，主句謂語用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。如：This is the first time I have come here.這是我第一次來這里。This is the easiest job that I have ever had.這是我干過的最容易的工作。在條件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語從句中，表示“將來某時(shí)”以前已完成的動(dòng)作。如：I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes.只有我親自看到，我才會(huì)相信你的話。(強(qiáng)調(diào)“看完”)I will go with you as soon as I have

21、finished my work.我做完了工作就和你一起去。(強(qiáng)調(diào)“做完”)終止性動(dòng)詞又叫非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，也叫瞬間動(dòng)詞。終止性動(dòng)詞可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài)，但不可以接一段時(shí)間，若要接一段時(shí)間，需要做一些相應(yīng)的變換。終止性動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)態(tài)的否定式中可以接一段時(shí)間。如：() He has come to Beijing since last year.() He has lived in Beijing since last year.() He has joined the army for 3 years.()He has served in the army for 3 years.()He join

22、ed the army 3 years ago.()He has been a soldier for 3 years.()It is 3 years since he joined the army.()He has joined the army.常見的終止性動(dòng)詞有：come，go，get to，reach，arrive at，leave，buy，sell，open，close，get up，join，take part in，begin，start，return，give，borrow，lend，become，turn，bring，take，die，finish，end，receive，

23、hear from，marry，break，lose，jump等。其對(duì)應(yīng)的延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，如：leavebe awayfinish/endbe overbuyhave。(2)過去完成時(shí)一件事情發(fā)生于過去，而另外一件事情先于它發(fā)生(即表示“過去的過去”)，那么發(fā)生在先的事情的動(dòng)詞須用過去完成時(shí)。這個(gè)過去的過去時(shí)間可用before等介詞短語或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語從句來表示，也可以通過上下文給出暗示。如：She had learned some English before she came to the institute.她在來學(xué)院前已學(xué)過一些英語。He said that he had been abro

24、ad for 3 years.他說他在國(guó)外待了3年了。表示從過去某一時(shí)間開始，一直延續(xù)到過去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作，常用的時(shí)間狀語有：by then，by that time，until，by the end of，before 2010, by the time等。如：By then he had learned English for 3 years.到那時(shí)，他已學(xué)了3年英語了。Until then he had known nothing about it yet.到那時(shí)為止，他對(duì)此仍一無所知。Hardly/Scarcely/Barely haddonewhen；No sooner haddo

25、nethan。when和than從句里用一般過去時(shí)，表示“剛剛就”。如：No sooner had I got home than the rain poured down.我剛到家，雨就傾盆而下。Hardly had we started when the car got a flat tyre.我們才剛剛開動(dòng)，汽車的輪胎就漏氣了。It was一段時(shí)間since從句。since從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞用過去完成時(shí)。如：It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time.10年來我們沒像這么高興過。句型This/That/It was the

26、 first/second/timethat從句和This/That/It wasthe最高級(jí)n.that從句中，that從句中的謂語動(dòng)詞要用過去完成時(shí)。如：It was the third time(that) he had made the same mistake.這是他第三次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。表示愿望、打算一類的詞，如：hope，expect，mean，intend，want，think，suppose等，其過去完成時(shí)表示過去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。如：I had hoped to see more of Shanghai.我本希望在上海多看看。(但未能如愿)I had meant to

27、help you，but I was too busy at the moment.我本想去幫你的，但當(dāng)時(shí)確實(shí)太忙了。(3)將來完成時(shí)(will/shall have done)將來完成時(shí)表示到將來某一時(shí)間某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成，常用的時(shí)間狀語為：by將來的某個(gè)時(shí)間。如：By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students.到明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候，你們大家就成了大學(xué)生了。 4時(shí)態(tài)的完成進(jìn)行體(1)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(has/have been doing)現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示一個(gè)動(dòng)作開始于過去，并持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在，且強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在還在

28、進(jìn)行。完成進(jìn)行體是完成體和進(jìn)行體的組合，因此，它具備完成體和進(jìn)行體的一些因素，如：它具備進(jìn)行體的“未完成性、暫時(shí)性、感情色彩等”特點(diǎn)。如：He has been learning English for 6 years.(從過去某一時(shí)間開始學(xué)英語，強(qiáng)調(diào)到現(xiàn)在還在學(xué))It has been raining for 3 days.(強(qiáng)調(diào)說話者“抱怨”的感情色彩) (2)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)(had been doing)過去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)表示在過去更早時(shí)間內(nèi)進(jìn)行的動(dòng)作，并對(duì)過去某一時(shí)刻產(chǎn)生影響。也可表示過去經(jīng)常重復(fù)的動(dòng)作。She had been suffering from a bad cold when

29、 she took the exam.她在考試之前一直患重感冒。5動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)易混點(diǎn)(1)一般過去時(shí)和現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法一般過去時(shí)所表示的一個(gè)或一段過去時(shí)間是可以具體確定的，與其他時(shí)間沒有牽連。它所表示的事情純屬過去，與現(xiàn)在情況沒有聯(lián)系?，F(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的事情發(fā)生在不能具體指出的與現(xiàn)在有聯(lián)系的過去某個(gè)或某段時(shí)間。它所表示的事情與現(xiàn)在情況有關(guān)系，是過去事情在現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的結(jié)果或?qū)ΜF(xiàn)在的影響。比較下面幾組句子，體會(huì)兩種時(shí)態(tài)的不同：(2)一般過去時(shí)和過去完成時(shí)的用法一般過去時(shí)是對(duì)現(xiàn)在說話時(shí)刻而言的，過去完成時(shí)則是對(duì)過去某一時(shí)刻而言的。兩種時(shí)態(tài)建立的時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)不同，對(duì)過去完成時(shí)來說，這個(gè)時(shí)間參照點(diǎn)十分重要，它是過

30、去完成概念賴以建立的基礎(chǔ)，也是和一般過去時(shí)相區(qū)別的重要標(biāo)準(zhǔn)。過去完成時(shí)的時(shí)間狀語常用by和before引導(dǎo)的短語表示，如by that time，by the end of，before 2000，by the time等。(3)過去完成時(shí)與現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)的用法兩種時(shí)態(tài)都常與表示一段時(shí)間的狀語連用，但現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)表示的是延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在或同現(xiàn)在有關(guān)的動(dòng)作(句中不可以有表示過去特定時(shí)間的狀語)，而過去完成時(shí)表示的是在過去某時(shí)之前已經(jīng)完成或延續(xù)到過去某時(shí)的動(dòng)作(句中有表示過去特定時(shí)間的狀語)。比較下面的句子 考點(diǎn)二：動(dòng)詞的語態(tài) 1被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成和用法 英語中的語態(tài)分主動(dòng)語態(tài)和被動(dòng)語態(tài)兩種，是根據(jù)主語與謂語動(dòng)詞

31、之間的關(guān)系劃分的，如果主語是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者，謂語動(dòng)詞就用主動(dòng)語態(tài)，如果主語是動(dòng)作的承受者，就用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。(1)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成被動(dòng)語態(tài)的構(gòu)成：be及物動(dòng)詞的過去分詞，be本身無詞義，但有時(shí)態(tài)、人稱和數(shù)的變化。下表是不同情況下被動(dòng)語態(tài)的形式。(2)被動(dòng)語態(tài)的用法以下幾種情況須用被動(dòng)語態(tài)：不知道動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者或沒必要指明誰是動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者。如：Printing was introduced into Europe from China.印刷術(shù)是從中國(guó)引入歐洲的。All the work has been finished by now.所有的工作現(xiàn)在都已經(jīng)完成了。強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的承受者。如：Health is

32、valued above everything.健康高于一切。The injured were allowed to go home after treatment.受傷者在治療后獲準(zhǔn)回家。動(dòng)作的執(zhí)行者是無生命的事物時(shí)。如：The window glass was broken by a stone.窗戶玻璃是被石頭打碎的。We were shocked by the news of his death.我們聽到他的死訊極為震驚。在文章標(biāo)題，廣告，新聞等中。如：Girls wanted. 招女工。(廣告標(biāo)題，省略了助動(dòng)詞are)The destroyer is reported to have

33、 been sunk.據(jù)報(bào)道，這艘驅(qū)逐艦被擊沉了。注意：當(dāng)賓語是反身代詞、同源賓語、表示地點(diǎn)/處所/團(tuán)體的名詞、不定式、動(dòng)詞的ing形式時(shí)，句子不可以用被動(dòng)語態(tài)。2主動(dòng)形式表被動(dòng)意義(1)“系動(dòng)詞look，sound，feel，smell，taste，appear，seem，go，prove，turn，stay，become，fall，get，grow，keep形容詞/名詞”構(gòu)成系表結(jié)構(gòu)。如：The steel feels cold.鋼鐵摸起來很冷。His plan proved(to be) practical.他的計(jì)劃被證明很實(shí)用。It has gone bad.他開始變壞了。(2)表示開

34、始、結(jié)束、運(yùn)動(dòng)的動(dòng)詞，如begin，finish，start，open，close，stop，end，shut，run，move等。如：Work began at 7 oclock this morning.今天早上7點(diǎn)開始工作。The shop closes at 6 pm. every day.商店每天6點(diǎn)關(guān)門。(3)表示主語的某種屬性特征的動(dòng)詞，如read，write，act，iron，cut，draw，drive，sell，wash，clean，wear，open，cook，lock，shut，dry，eat，drink這類動(dòng)詞一般不單獨(dú)使用，常有一個(gè)修飾語與之搭配。如：This co

35、at dries easily.這種外衣容易干。Nylon cleans easily.尼龍容易洗干凈。Your speech reads well.你的演說講得好。The plan worked out wonderfully.這個(gè)計(jì)劃制訂得很好。(4)少數(shù)動(dòng)詞用于進(jìn)行時(shí)，其主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義，這類動(dòng)詞有：print，cook，fry，hang，build，make等。如：The books are printing.這些書正在印刷中。The meat is cooking.肉在煮。(5)“介詞in，on, under等名詞”構(gòu)成介詞短語表示被動(dòng)意義。表示方位的介詞與含動(dòng)作意義的名詞連用，

36、有被動(dòng)之意，其意義相當(dāng)于該名詞相應(yīng)動(dòng)詞的被動(dòng)形式，名詞前一般不用冠詞。常見的有：under control(受控制)；under treatment(在治療中)；under repair(在修理中)；under discussion(在討論中)；under construction(在施工中)；for sale(出售)；for rent(出租)；in print(在印刷中)；in sight(在視野范圍內(nèi))；on sale(出售)；on show(展出)；on trial(受審)。如：Today some treasures are on show.(Today some treasures are being shown.)今天有些珍寶正在展出。(6)不能用于被動(dòng)語態(tài)的及物動(dòng)詞或動(dòng)詞短語：fit，have，wish，cost，agree with，arrive at/in，shake hands with，succeed in，suffer from，happen to，take part in，walk into，belong to等。如：This key just fits the lock.這片鑰匙剛好適合這把鎖。Your story agrees with what had already been heard.你說的故事與剛剛聽說的一致。