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1、第二課：物理學(xué)家費(fèi)曼、能量守恒費(fèi)曼集大成的理論物理學(xué)家費(fèi)曼19181988偉大的物理表演藝術(shù)家因創(chuàng)立量子電動力學(xué)（Quantum electrodynamics QED）而獲得1965年諾貝爾物理學(xué)獎。曾參與美國曼哈頓計(jì)劃，設(shè)計(jì)了第一顆原子彈費(fèi)曼鼓手費(fèi)曼費(fèi)曼畫家費(fèi)曼一本好書中文譯本：別鬧了，費(fèi)曼先生！摘錄一（年幼的費(fèi)曼與父親閱讀百科全書）：We would be reading, say, about dinosaurs. It would be talking about theTyrannosaurus rex and it would say something like, This d
2、inosaur is twenty-five feet high and its head is six feet across. My dad would stop reading and say, Now, lets see what that means. That would mean that if he stood in our front yard, he would be tall enough to put his head through our window up here. (We were on the second floor.) But his head woul
3、d be too wide to fit in the window. 摘錄一（續(xù)）Everything he read me he would translate as best he could into some reality. It was very exciting and very, very interesting to think there were animals of such magnitude-and that they all died out, and that nobody knew why. I wasnt frightened that there wou
4、ld be one coming in my window as a consequence of this. But I learned from my father to translate: everything I read I try to figure out what it really means, what its really saying.摘錄二I had a scheme, which I still use today when somebody is explaining something that Im trying to understand: I keep
5、making up examples. For instance, the mathematicians would come in with a terrific theorem, and theyre all excited. As theyre telling me the conditions of the theorem, I construct something which fits all the conditions. You know, you have a set (one ball)-disjoint (two halls). Then the balls turn c
6、olors, grow hairs, or whatever, in my head as they put more conditions on. Finally they state the theorem, which is some dumb thing about the ball which isnt true for my hairy green ball thing, so I say, False!費(fèi)曼告訴我們?nèi)绾螌W(xué)習(xí)學(xué)習(xí)新知的時(shí)候，要轉(zhuǎn)化成自己熟悉的、具體的事物。如何學(xué)習(xí)費(fèi)曼物理學(xué)講義I？“大學(xué)物理I”希望大家學(xué)到什么？1：熟讀課本。中文講義看不懂？請看英文原版。2：適量練
7、習(xí) 。講義配套習(xí)題集可從網(wǎng)上下載。3：勤思多問。充分利用互聯(lián)網(wǎng)（維基百科，某度百科）。“大學(xué)物理I” 拓展視野，了解自然。能量守恒能量守恒 對宇宙最基本的信念，或，宇宙最基本的事實(shí)。基本信念 各種能量的表達(dá)形式，轉(zhuǎn)化規(guī)律。正如幾何學(xué)一樣，從簡單的“公理”出發(fā)（比如平行線永不相交等）推導(dǎo)出復(fù)雜的定理。勢能（potential energy）利用能量守恒，求解物理問題。“虛位移”（virtual displacement）動能能量守恒的第一次精彩演出如何得到動能的表達(dá)形式？圖片取自： http:/www.aps.org/publications/apsnews/200908/zerogravity.cfm其他形式的能量其他物理量的守恒關(guān)系動量守恒角動量守恒電荷守恒輕子數(shù)守恒重子數(shù)守恒宇稱(parity)守恒（因理論預(yù)言在某些核物理過程中宇稱不守恒，楊振寧與李政道先生獲得1957年諾貝爾獎。該預(yù)言由華人女物理學(xué)家吳健雄實(shí)驗(yàn)證明。）
大學(xué)物理：第2課 能量守恒
