定語從句 (4)

人教課標(biāo)人教課標(biāo) 高一高一 必修必修 1 Unit 4The boy who is reading a book over there is my friend.He is my friend.He is reading a book over there.Declan is a famous singer.He sings the song tell me why.Declan is a famous singer who sings the song tell me why.He is a popular singer whose song is popular among young people.He is a famous singer who is from Taiwan.誰笑到最后誰笑得最好。誰笑到最后誰笑得最好。結(jié)局好結(jié)局好,一切都好。一切都好。真正的友誼猶如健康的身體真正的友誼猶如健康的身體,失去時(shí)方知失去時(shí)方知其可貴。其可貴。ProverbsFriendship is like sound health,the value of which is seldom known until it is lost.All is well that ends well.He who laughs last laughs best.在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或者代詞在復(fù)合句中，修飾某一名詞或者代詞用作定語的句子就叫做用作定語的句子就叫做定語從句定語從句。被。被定語從句修飾的詞，叫定語從句修飾的詞，叫先行詞先行詞。引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)聯(lián)詞有：定語從句定語從句關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞：who,whom whose,which,that 關(guān)系副詞：關(guān)系副詞：when,where關(guān)系代詞的句法功能及指代功能關(guān)系代詞的句法功能及指代功能 關(guān)系代詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間，關(guān)系代詞處在先行詞和定語從句之間，身兼三職：連接主從句的紐帶、指代先行身兼三職：連接主從句的紐帶、指代先行詞和在從句中充當(dāng)某種句子成分?，F(xiàn)在我詞和在從句中充當(dāng)某種句子成分。現(xiàn)在我們將常用的關(guān)系代詞的指代功能和在句子們將常用的關(guān)系代詞的指代功能和在句子中的句法功能總結(jié)如下：中的句法功能總結(jié)如下：指代人指代人指代物指代物指代人指代人或物或物主語主語whowhichthat賓語賓語whom/whowhichthat定語定語whose(=of whom)whose(=of which)在從句在從句中的作用中的作用指代指代功能功能定語從句的位置定語從句的位置定語從句一定放在被修飾的成分之后。定語從句一定放在被修飾的成分之后。e.g.This is the car which he bought last year.先行詞先行詞定語從句定語從句Do you know the doctor?He spoke just now.Do you know the doctor who spoke just now?whom 指人指人,在從句中作賓語在從句中作賓語,可省略。可省略。e.g.Do you know the man(whom)we saw at the Beijing Hotel?The girl is from America.I called her just now.The girl(whom)I called just now is from America.which 指物指物,在句中作主語或賓語在句中作主語或賓語,作賓作賓語時(shí)可以省略。語時(shí)可以省略。e.g.Im not interested in the book which has just been published.applethe redthe greenthe smallthe bigThe apple which is red is mine.The apple which is green is yours.The apple which is red is small.The apple which is green is big.I have read the newspaper.It carries the important news.I have read the newspaper which carries the important news.I showed him the letter.I received it this morning.I showed him the letter(which)I received this morning.that 指人或物，在從句中做主語或賓語指人或物，在從句中做主語或賓語,作賓語時(shí)可以省略。作賓語時(shí)可以省略。e.g.The house that Im going to buy faces south.Theyre talking about the film.I have seen the film.Theyre talking about the film(that)Ive seen.It was written by Laoshe.Jane has borrowed the book.Jane has borrowed the book that was written by Laoshe.*先行詞前有下列詞語修飾時(shí)，定先行詞前有下列詞語修飾時(shí)，定語從句必須用語從句必須用that 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。all,every,any,little,few,much,no,only,very,the+序數(shù)詞序數(shù)詞,the+形容詞最高級(jí)形容詞最高級(jí)e.g.This is the cleanest park that you can imagine.He talked about the things and persons he had visited in the city.*在在 who 或或 which 引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句中，引導(dǎo)的特殊疑問句中，限制性定語從句必須用限制性定語從句必須用 that 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。that e.g.Who is the man is standing over there.thate.g.This is the only book that has been written in French.*先行詞在從句中作表語時(shí)先行詞在從句中作表語時(shí),限制性定限制性定語從句通常用語從句通常用 that 引導(dǎo)。引導(dǎo)。(常可省略?？墒÷?e.g.She is no longer the girl that she was before she went to the country.That is the new machine.The parts of it are too small to see.Thats the machine whose parts are too small to see.當(dāng)先行詞是當(dāng)先行詞是 one,ones,anybody,anyone,all,none,those 等等,指人時(shí)一般用指人時(shí)一般用 who,不用不用 that。e.g.Those who want to go to the cinema will have to wait at the gate of the school.在以疑問詞在以疑問詞who開頭的句子中開頭的句子中,或關(guān)系代或關(guān)系代詞在從句中作表語時(shí)詞在從句中作表語時(shí),用用that,不用不用who。e.g.Who is the man that is shouting there?She is not the girl that she used to be.先行詞是人先行詞是人,從句中缺動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞從句中缺動(dòng)詞賓語或介詞賓語時(shí)賓語時(shí),用用whom或或that(介詞后不用介詞后不用that)。e.g.The teacher wants to return the book to the girl from whom he borrowed it.He is the student(whom,who,that)youwant to see.關(guān)系代詞關(guān)系代詞 that,which,whom 在從句中作在從句中作賓語時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時(shí)則賓語時(shí)可省略掉。但放在介詞后面時(shí)則不可省略。不可省略。*whose 指人或物，在從句中作定語。指人或物，在從句中作定語。The girl got first.Her father had given us a report.The girl whose father had given us a report got first.e.g.Thats the man whose house was burned down.I.根據(jù)所給漢語提示，用定語從句完成下根據(jù)所給漢語提示，用定語從句完成下列句子。列句子。1.This is the best film _(我看過的我看過的).(that)I have everseen2.He has a daughter _(在醫(yī)院工作的在醫(yī)院工作的).3.The tree _ _(葉子變紅了葉子變紅了的的)is an old one.who/that workswhose leaves turn red/thein a hospitalleaves of which turn redII.從從A、B、C、D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。以填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。1.Is there anything _ I can do for you?A.which B.who C.whom D.that D2.I have seen some strange trees,_ open at sunrise and close at sunset.A.which the leaves B.whose leaves C.which leaves D.their leaves3.All _ we need is enough rest after long hours work.A.the thing B.that C.what D.whichBB4.On the train I saw a girl _ I thought was your sister.A.who B.whom C.which D.what5.Have you seen the film“Titanic”_ leading actor is world-famous?A.its B.that C.whose D.whichAC1.Finish the exercises on page 29.2.Read the passage on Page 64 and finish exercises.