《高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考案 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)講練第九專題 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考案 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)講練第九專題 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件（29頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞近幾年的考查趨勢(shì):有效信息越來越隱蔽;情景越來越生動(dòng)、真實(shí);考查的角度越來越細(xì)化、綜合化。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究情態(tài)動(dòng)詞近幾年的考查要點(diǎn):1. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法,要求考生準(zhǔn)確把握說話者的態(tài)度和語(yǔ)氣。2. 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)和可能性,特別是“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done”形式。3. “can, shall, should, must”表示的特定語(yǔ)氣。4. “should / neednt / could / might + have done”表示的特定語(yǔ)氣。一、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的基本用法考點(diǎn)1can與could的用法表示“能力、許可、可能性”等。在口語(yǔ)中, can
2、可以代替may表示許可,而may比較正式;could可以代替can, 語(yǔ)氣較為婉轉(zhuǎn)。He is only four, but he can read. 他僅四歲,但已能讀書。Can / Could I come in? 我可以進(jìn)來嗎?Can he be in the office? 他會(huì)在辦公室嗎?考點(diǎn)2can表示常有的行為和情形知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究can 表示常有的行為和情形,意為“有時(shí)會(huì);時(shí)而可能”。He can be very tactless sometimes. 他有時(shí)莽撞。It can be quite cold here in winter. 這里的冬天有時(shí)還真夠冷的
3、?？键c(diǎn)3be able to的用法1.表示現(xiàn)在的能力等同于can, 表示過去的能力等同于could;be able to可以用在will后邊,也可以用于完成時(shí)(have been able to)。He was able to / could drive when he was fifteen. 他十五歲時(shí)就會(huì)開車。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究The baby has been able to walk. 這個(gè)嬰兒已經(jīng)會(huì)走路了。2.was / were able to表示過去有能力并且成功地做了某事,相當(dāng)于managed to do something / succeeded in doi
4、ng something。The fire spread through the hotel very quickly but everyone was able to get out. 大火很快蔓延到整個(gè)賓館,但是大家都跑了出來?？键c(diǎn)4may與might的用法1.表示許可或征詢對(duì)方許可,有“可以”的意思。用作此意時(shí),它的否定形式可以用may not, 表示“可以不”;但表示“不可以、禁止、阻止”等意思時(shí),常用must not (mustnt)代替may not。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究You may go now. 你現(xiàn)在可以走了。He said that I might use h
5、is telephone. 他說我可以用他的電話。May I watch TV after supper?我晚飯后可以看電視嗎?Yes, you may. / No, you mustnt (may not / had better not).是的,可以。/不,你不可以。2.表示可能性,有“或許、可能”的意思,“may或might +動(dòng)詞原形”都表示可能性。用might則語(yǔ)氣更加不肯定。They may / might have a lot of work to do.他們可能有很多工作要做知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究。考點(diǎn)5must與have to的用法1.must表示“必須、應(yīng)該”。否
6、定形式must not (mustnt)表示“不應(yīng)該;不許可;不準(zhǔn);禁止”等。在回答must的問句時(shí),否定式常用need not (neednt)或dont have to 表示“不必”,而不用must not, 因?yàn)閙ust not表示“禁止”。The work must be finished as soon as possible. 這項(xiàng)工作必須盡快完成。Must I be home before eight oclock? 我必須8點(diǎn)前到家嗎?知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究Yes, you must. / No, you neednt (dont have to). 是的,你必須。/
7、不,沒必要。2.have to表示“必須;不得不”,在這個(gè)意義上與must很接近,但must表示的是說話人的主觀看法,而have to表示的卻是客觀需要。have to比must有更多的形式。The TV set is broken. I have to buy a new one. 電視機(jī)壞了。我不得不再買臺(tái)新的。He had to go, because his mother was ill. 他不得不離開,因?yàn)樗赣H病了。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究3.must表示“偏偏;非得;一定要”等意思。If you must go, at least wait until the storm
8、 is over. 如果你一定要走的話,起碼也要等到暴風(fēng)雨結(jié)束?？键c(diǎn)6need的用法用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),need表示“需要”,主要用于疑問句、否定句和條件狀語(yǔ)從句中,一般不用于肯定句。在回答need的問句時(shí),肯定式常用must / have to,否定式用neednt。Need I arrive by ten oclock tomorrow? 我明天必須在十點(diǎn)前到達(dá)嗎?知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究Yes, you must. / No, you neednt. 是的,你必須。/不,沒必要。You neednt come so early tomorrow. 你明天不必來這么早?？键c(diǎn)7shall
9、的用法1.在疑問句中,shall用來征詢對(duì)方意見或請(qǐng)求指示,用于第一、第三人稱。Where shall I wait for you? 我在什么地方等你?2.在陳述句中,shall表示給對(duì)方的命令、警告、威脅、決心或允諾等,用于第二、第三人稱。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究You shall be sorry one day, I tell you. 我告訴你,你早晚有一天會(huì)后悔的。Dont worry. You shall get the answer this very afternoon. 不要焦急,今天下午你就會(huì)得到答復(fù)。3.用在法律、規(guī)則等條文中,意為“應(yīng);須;得”。The fin
10、e shall be given in cash. 罰款應(yīng)以現(xiàn)金繳納。It shall be unlawful for any person to keep any wild animal in captivity. 任何一個(gè)人圈養(yǎng)任何一種野生動(dòng)物都是犯法的。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究考點(diǎn)8should和ought to的用法1.表示“勸告、建議、責(zé)任、義務(wù)”,常譯作“應(yīng)該”。這時(shí)ought to比should的語(yǔ)氣稍重一點(diǎn)。You should keep your promise. 你應(yīng)該信守諾言。Young people should learn how to use compute
11、rs. 年輕人應(yīng)該學(xué)會(huì)使用電腦。You are his father. You ought to take care of him. 你是他父親,你應(yīng)該照顧他。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究2.表示預(yù)期或按道理“應(yīng)該;想必;一定”。The photos should be ready by 12:00。照片應(yīng)該在十二點(diǎn)前準(zhǔn)備好。You should know him well, for you worked with him for years. 你應(yīng)該很了解他,你和他在一塊兒工作了好幾年?？键c(diǎn)9will的用法1.will表示“意志、意愿”,可用于多種人稱;would是will的過去式,表示
12、過去時(shí)間的“意志、意愿”,可用于多種人稱。I will tell you all about it. 我愿把事情全部都告訴你。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究He wont go with us. 他不愿和我們一起去。2.will在疑問句中用于第二人稱時(shí),表示詢問對(duì)方的意愿或向?qū)Ψ教岢稣?qǐng)求, 若用would, 語(yǔ)氣比will婉轉(zhuǎn),指現(xiàn)在時(shí)間。Will / Would you please open the window? 你把窗戶打開好嗎?Would you like some coffee? 想要點(diǎn)咖啡嗎?考點(diǎn)10dare的用法用作情態(tài)動(dòng)詞時(shí),表示“敢;敢于”,和need一樣,也是主要用于疑
13、問句、否定句和條件從句中。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究He darent speak English before such a crowd, dare he? 他在眾人面前不敢說英語(yǔ),是吧?考點(diǎn)11used to和would的用法1.used to表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)(暗示現(xiàn)在已不如此)。Did you use to go there to see your brother? / Used you to go there to see your brother? 你過去常去那兒看你兄弟嗎?Yes, I did (used to). / No, I didnt (usednt). 是的
14、,經(jīng)常去。/不,不經(jīng)常去。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究He used to be in good health. 他過去的身體很棒。(暗示現(xiàn)在身體不好了)2.would表示過去的習(xí)慣動(dòng)作,不表示狀態(tài)。When he was there, he would go to that coffee shop at the corner after work every day. 他在那里的時(shí)候,每天下班之后就去拐角處的那家咖啡店。used to表示動(dòng)作時(shí)和would可以互換,他們的區(qū)別在于,used to強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在已不這樣;而would則不強(qiáng)調(diào)現(xiàn)在是否這樣。They would / used to
15、come to my house to play on Sundays.他們過去知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究在星期天經(jīng)常來我家玩耍?？键c(diǎn)12had better的用法Had better表示“最好(做)”。We had better go now. 我們最好現(xiàn)在走。Breakfast had better be eaten before 8 oclock. 吃早飯最好在八點(diǎn)以前?？键c(diǎn)13may well和may as well1.“may well +動(dòng)詞原形”是一種常用結(jié)構(gòu),意為“很可能;完全能知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究”,相當(dāng)于to be likely to。He may wel
16、l be proud of his son. 他大可為兒子感到自豪。Her appearance has changed so much that you may well not recognize her. 她的模樣變化太大,你很可能認(rèn)不出她來了。2.“may as well +動(dòng)詞原形”意為“最好;滿可以;倒不如”,相當(dāng)于had better或have a strong reason not to。We may as well stay where we are. 我們留在現(xiàn)在的地方倒也不錯(cuò)。You may as well do it at once. 你最好馬上做這件事。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤
17、點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究二、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞的特殊用法考點(diǎn)1情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示推測(cè)情態(tài)動(dòng)詞must, can / could, may / might可以用來對(duì)事情進(jìn)行推測(cè)。must表推測(cè)時(shí)只用于肯定句,語(yǔ)氣非?？隙?譯為“一定”。can / could表推測(cè)時(shí)一般用于否定句或疑問句,could偶爾可以用于肯定句。may / might表推測(cè)時(shí)可用于肯定句或否定句。1.“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+do / be”結(jié)構(gòu),通常對(duì)現(xiàn)在或?qū)淼那闆r進(jìn)行推測(cè)。Its already 12: 30. You must be hungry now. 已經(jīng)十二點(diǎn)半了,你現(xiàn)在一定餓了。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究The light is st
18、ill on. He must be working in the office now. 燈還亮著,他現(xiàn)在一定還在辦公室工作著。He may be in the classroom. Ill go and make sure. 他或許還在教室里,我去弄弄清楚。Michael cant be a policeman, for hes much too short. 麥克不可能成為警察,因?yàn)樗恕?.“情態(tài)動(dòng)詞+ have done”結(jié)構(gòu)用于對(duì)過去事情的推測(cè)。I didnt hear the phone. I must have been asleep. 我當(dāng)時(shí)沒聽到電話響,我一定是睡著了。
19、知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究Tom hasnt come back yet. He may have missed the bus again. 湯姆還沒有回來,他可能又沒趕上班車。Jack cant have arrived yet; otherwise he would have telephoned me. 杰克不可能來了,否則,他會(huì)給我打電話的?？键c(diǎn)2情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣情態(tài)動(dòng)詞should / ought to, could, might, neednt等常用來表示說話人對(duì)過去事情的不滿或遺憾,帶有較強(qiáng)烈的責(zé)備語(yǔ)氣。1.should / ought to have done“本應(yīng)該
20、”,表示過去應(yīng)該做而實(shí)際沒有做的事情,含有責(zé)備或遺憾的語(yǔ)氣,其否定形式為“should not知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究 / ought not to have done”。We should have studied last night, but we went to the concert instead. 我們昨晚本應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí),卻去看了音樂會(huì)。I was really anxious about you. You shouldnt have left home without a word. 我當(dāng)時(shí)真的很為你擔(dān)心。你不該一句話不說就離家出走。2.neednt have done“本
21、來不需要”,表示過去本來沒必要做某事,但事實(shí)上卻做了。There was plenty of time. She neednt have hurried. 當(dāng)時(shí)時(shí)間很充足,她沒有必要那么匆忙。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究3.could / might have done“本來能夠 (會(huì))”,表示過去本來可以(能夠)做某事,但實(shí)際上沒有做到。I stayed at a hotel while in New York. 在紐約時(shí)我住在了一家賓館里。Oh, did you? You could have stayed with my brother. 是嗎?你本來是可以和我弟弟住在一起的?？键c(diǎn)3
22、情態(tài)動(dòng)詞表示意外、驚訝、納悶等意思1.“should +動(dòng)詞原形”表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的情況感到意外。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究I find it astonishing that he should be so rude to you. 他竟然對(duì)你這樣無禮,真叫我吃驚。2.“should + have done”表示過去的情況感到意外。The meeting was very important. You should have arrived so late. 會(huì)議非常重要。你竟然去得那么晚。3.can, dare, should, need與疑問詞連用,表示意外、納悶、驚訝等意思。How /
23、 Why can you be so stupid? 你怎么會(huì)這么笨呢?How dare you say that? 你怎么敢這樣說呢?Why should you think that way? 你到底為什么那么想?知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究 1.(2011全國(guó)新課標(biāo)) They have arrived at lunchtime but their flight was delayed. A.will B.can C.must D.should【答案與解析】D句意:他們本應(yīng)該午餐時(shí)間到達(dá),可是他們的飛機(jī)晚點(diǎn)了。can / must have done表示對(duì)過去的推測(cè);should h
24、ave done表示過去本應(yīng)該做而沒有做。根據(jù)句意可知答案為D項(xiàng)。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究2.(2011全國(guó)) If you smoke, please go outside.A.can B.should C.must D.may【答案與解析】C句意:如果你非要抽煙,請(qǐng)到外邊去。if you must do something“如果你非要做某事”為口語(yǔ)中習(xí)慣用語(yǔ),表示雖然允許做某事,但是不贊同或不同意,must用于條件句,表示“非要;偏要”。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究3.(2011北京)I dont really like James. Why did you invite hi
25、m?Dont worry. He come. He said he wasnt certain what his plans were.A.must not B.need not C.would not D.might not【答案與解析】D句意:“我真的不喜歡James,你為什么邀請(qǐng)他?”“別擔(dān)心,他可能來不了。他說他對(duì)他的安排還不確定?！备鶕?jù)答語(yǔ)第三句可知,此處應(yīng)該表示“或許不來”,故答案為D項(xiàng)。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究4.(2011上海) I worry about my weekendI always have my plans ready before it comes.A.cant B.mustnt C.darent D.neednt【答案與解析】D我不必?fù)?dān)心我的周末因?yàn)槲铱偸窃谥苣﹣砼R之前就計(jì)劃好了。根據(jù)下文可知D項(xiàng)“沒有必要”符合語(yǔ)境。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究5.(2010全國(guó)新課標(biāo)) Just be patient. You expect the world to change so soon.A.cant B.neednt C.may not D.will not【答案與解析】A句意:耐心點(diǎn),你不能指望這個(gè)世界變得如此之快。這里cant表示“不能;不可以;不可能”。其他三項(xiàng)都不符合題意。知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)知識(shí)盤點(diǎn)真題探究真題探究
高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)考案 語(yǔ)法考點(diǎn)講練第九專題 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞課件
