21世紀大學實用英語綜合教程 第二冊 Unit 2

word 教 案 授課單元 21世紀大學實用英語第二冊第二單元 本〔章〕節(jié) 授課方式 課堂講授〔√ 〕 實踐課〔 〕 教學時數(shù) 6 授 課 要 點 本 〔章〕 節(jié) 教 學 目 標 1. master the basic language and skills necessary to make and respond to an apology; 2. understand the main ideas of Text A, Text B and Text C; 3. master the useful sentence structures and words and expressions found in the exercises relevant to the first two texts; 教學 重 點 和 難 點 1. know how to use the structure of V + V-ing or + infinitive; 2. know how to reply to an invitation; 3. guess the meaning of unknown words in context. 思考題 或 作 業(yè) 1. Have you ever been mistaken for someone else? Or do you know someone who has been mistaken for another person? Please share your story with your classmates. 2. Now imagine you have the same name as the mayor of your city and look like him too. What might happen when you go to a hotel asking for a room and are told that the rooms are all booked? 教學容與組織安排 1st period Listening and speaking 2nd period Text A 3rd period Text B 4 th period Grammar Review 5th period Practical Writing 6th period Improve Your Reading Skills Teaching procedures: First Period Content：Unit 2 listening and speaking Step 1 Lead-in In the Listening and Speaking section, you will learn the basic language and skills necessary to make and respond to an apology; Step 2 Listening and Speaking 1) The Language for Making and Responding to an Apology A. have a warm-up activity by asking Ss what they say when they cause trouble to others or make mistakes; B. have the Ss listen to Exercise 1 (1-3 times) and fill in the blanks with the missing words; C. ask one S to read aloud the talk so Ss can check their pleted answers; D. ask other Ss to form responses to the apologies in Exercise 2. trying to use the expression learned in Exercise 1. 2) Making and Responding to an Apology A.go through the new words in the 1st dialogue in Exercise 3; B. listen to the dialogue twice while filling in the missing words; C.ask Ss to answer the questions about the conversation by way of group discussion or the traditional teacher- student interaction; D.have them look for the language used to make and respond to an apology; E. Ss can role-play the dialogue; F. do the same with the second dialogue Step 3 Ask Ss to study the structures presented in Exercise 4, and create situations for dialogues in which Ss blame someone for his/her mistake or fault and expect them to make both apologies and excuses with the help of the language they have picked up in Exercise 1 and expressions from Exercise 4. Step 4 Listening Practice A.Listen to the following people speaking and decide what they are talking about. (Each one will be given twice.) B Listen to the following five short dialogues and choose the appropriate answers.(Each one will be given twice.) C.Listen to the following short story twice. Listen carefully and decide whether the statements are true (T) or false (F) according to the story you have heard. D.Listen to the following talk and fill in the blanks with the missing words. (The talk is given twice.) E. Listen to the talk again and then answer the following questions orally. Answers to the listening practice 5. C A D A B 6. C A B D C 7. T T F F T 8. in a loud voice particularly interesting in the same room in curing them left alone a talk suffering from a delusion who are you Step 6 Summary There’re many ways of making an apology: —Excuse me for my interrupting you. — I’m really sorry for being late. — I’m terribly sorry to step on you. — I’ m awfully sorry (that) I have forgetten your name. — I apologize for what I have said. — I’m afraid I seem to have forgetten your birthday. — I owe you an apology for the delay. — I’m sorry. I didn’t mean to hurt your felling. — It was really quite unintentional. — I hope you excuse me. There are also many ways of responding to an apology: — That’s (quite) all right. — These things happen; it can’t be helped. — I quite understand. Please don’t worry. — (Oh well.) Not to worry. — No problem. Let’s forget it. Step 7 Homework assignment 1. Form a dialogue with your classmates. 2. preview the new lesson. Second Period Content：Unit 2 Text A Step1 Lead-in 1. Have you ever been mistaken for someone else? Or do you know someone who has been mistaken for another person? Please share your story with your classmates. 2. Now imagine you have the same name as the mayor of your city and look like him too. What might happen when you go to a hotel asking for a room and are told that the rooms are all booked? Step 2 Ask Ss to read the following passage and see what happened to Mark Twain when he tried to get a train ticket. Step 3 Introduce the Background Information Mark Twain (1835-1910) Mark Twain was the pen name of Samuel Langhorne Clemens, one of the major authors of American fiction. Twain is also considered the greatest humorist in American literature. Twain’s varied works include novels, travel narratives, short stories, sketches, and essays. His writings about the Mississippi River, such as The Adventures of Tom Sawyer, Life on the Mississippi, and Adventures of Huckleberry Finn, have been especially popular among modern readers. (From the 1998 World Book Encyclopedia) 7-Eleven 7-Eleven, Inc. is the world’s largest operator, franchiser and licensor of convenience stores with more than 24,000 units worldwide. Founded in Dallas, Texas in 1927 as an ice pany, 7-Eleven pioneered the convenience store concept during its early years when its ice docks began selling milk, bread and eggs as a convenience to customers. The name7-Eleven originated in 1946 when the stores were open from 7 a.m. until 11 p.m. Today, offering customers 24hour convenience, seven days a week is the cornerstone of 7-Eleven’s business. Approximately 5,800 7-Eleven and other convenience stores are operated and franchised in the United States and Canada. Step 4 Listen to the whole text and answer some questions about the text. Step 5 Deal with some languages points 1) I was to take the sleeper train there: I planned to take the sleeper train there. 我計劃在那兒搭乘臥車。 The structure “be to do sth.〞 is often used to talk about arrangements which have been planned. e.g. The Queen is to visit Japan next year. The sports meet is to take place on May 28. 2)swarm /m:Rws/: vi. move in large numbers (in the specified direction) 成群地〔朝某方向〕移動 e.g. Ants swarmed all over the rotten apple. The excited crowd swarmed around the winner. 3) in sb.’s face: directly into, straight onto, sb.’ s face; in front of sb. without hiding anything對著某人的面；當著某人的面 e.g. “I don’t want to see you，〞 Mary said to jack, and with these words she shut the door in his face. I told the boys that they were wrong, but they laughed in my face. 4)at the same time: at once; together; however; but, nevertheless同時；一起；然而；但是，不過 e.g. Besides his pany, grandfather was running a farm at the same time, so he must have been a very busy man. I understand that, but at the same time I think it’s a mistake. John did pass the test; at the same time, he didn’t know the subject very well. 5)I asked him if I couldn’t …= I asked him if I could… The negation is used to indicate that the speaker is more polite and feels less likely to get what he asks. 否認的用法表示說話者的態(tài)度更客氣，估計自己的要求不太可能得到滿足。 6)cut short:stop (sb.) doing or saying sth.; stop doing (sth.) usu. Suddenly打斷〔某人〕；中斷〔某事〕 e.g. John tried to say something, but Frank cut him short. I hate to cut you short, but we are really running out of time. 7)turn one’s back on: refuse to help (sb. in trouble or need); turn away from (sb./sth.) rudely; refuse to have anything (more) to do with (sb./sth.) 拒絕幫助；對…掉頭不顧；不理睬；拒絕 e.g.He will turn his back on me if I ask him for money, even if other people think we are good friends! Tim has always been kind to me — I can’t just turn my back on him now that he needs my help. 8)in a state not to be described: not to be described 是修飾state的定語。 9)Even if they did know who you were…: “Do〞 can be put in front of a verb to show emphasis. 在動詞前加do表示強調(diào)。 e.g. She does talk a lot, doesn’t she? I don't exercise much now, but I did play football quite a bit when I was younger. 10) too much: more than one can take, handle or endure太過分，太糟糕，太不像話 e.g.Even so, it would be too much to say he was foolish. I give up. I’ve had too much. 11)He must have heard your name well enough.: “must + have done〞 is a structure used for deductions about the past. must + have done 是一種用于推測過去情況的結(jié)構。 e.g. Dad must have thrown the old newspapers away. The windows are open. Someone must have been in the room. 12) just then: at the exact moment in the past 恰在那時 e.g. I was about to call the children for dinner. Just then Anne ran in from the garden. 13)at once: immediately; without delay 立刻，馬上，立即 e.g. He said he must go at once. When they arrived there, they set to work at once. 14)of service: useful; helpful 有用的；有幫助的 e.g. I wonder if I could be of service to anyone in the office. This is where you can be of service to us. I shall only be too pleased to help, if I can be of any service to you. 15)a couple of: two; a small number of 一對；兩個；兩三個；幾個 e.g. Can you wait a couple of minutes while I make a phone call? The farm is a couple of miles away. 16)dispose: v. (~ + of + obj.) arrange; settle; deal with 安排；料理；處理 e.g. They disposed of the city’s waste in the sea. He does not know how to dispose of his time. 17)at sb.’s disposal: able to be used by sb.; available for sb. to use as he or she wishes 供某人使用；由某人支配 e.g.I’m at your disposal the whole morning. The car was left at her disposal. 18)inside out: thoroughly; pletely 徹底地 e.g.Alfred, who wrote the story, knows the place inside out. I searched the room inside out for the car keys. 19)at this moment: right now 正在這個時候 e.g.I will look at the papers, but not at this moment. Jane sat down at the desk and began reading. At this moment the door opened and Jack came in. 20)in a minute: very soon立刻，馬上 e.g.Breakfast in a minute. I’ll be back in a minute. Step 6 Give some time to the Ss to do exercises about the text and then check the answers Step 7 Summary Main idea of paragraph 1.Though thinking himself to be well known, Mark Twain failed to get the train tickets he needed. 2--5. Mark Twain was invited by the conductor to get onto the train. 6--8Mark Twain received good service on the train. 9--12Mark Twain got to know why he was given such nice treatment. Step 8 Homework assignment 1.Read the text 2.Preview the new lesson. Third Period Content：Unit 2 Text B Step 1 Revision 1.Review the structure of V + V-ing or + infinitive 2.Review the response to letters of invitation Step 2 Listen to the whole text and answer some questions about the text. Step 3 Deal with some language points 1)if only:(used to express a wish with reference to present or future time) I wish; (used to express a wish that past events had been different) I wish〔表示對現(xiàn)時或未來的愿望〕要是…多好；〔表示與過去事實相反的愿望〕要是當時…就好了 e.g.If only you had told me that some time ago. If only I could fly. 2)see sb. through: help and encourage sb. through (trouble or difficulty) 幫助某人度過〔困難等〕 e.g.Fresh air is what you need — that and time will see you through these disforts. When the going gets tough with your studies, having goals will help to see you through. 3)the other day (night, morning, etc.): recently; in the recent past不久前的一天〔一個晚上、一個上午等〕 e.g. I met him in the library the other day. I saw Mary at the club the other night. 4)smooth over: make smooth; put right; make (sth.) seem better or more pleasant平息；消除；緩和 e.g.Perhaps a gift of flowers will help smooth the matter over. I’m sure I can smooth over our little misunderstanding. 5)deal with: have social, business, etc. relations with與…交往，與…打交道；與…做生意 e.g. The people I deal with everyday are mostly friendly. We are dealing with several panies at the same time. 6)canned: a. (of food, etc.) put in cans to preserve 罐裝的 e.g. canned food / soft drinks / fruit can: 1. n. sealed tin in which food or drink is preserved and sold 罐頭 e.g.a can of fish 2. vt. put (food or liquids) in cans 把〔食品、飲料〕裝罐保存 e.g.This factory cans fish. 7)in reply to: in answer to 作為對…的回答 e.g. I am writing in reply to your letter dated Jan. 11. I called him in reply to the message he left on the phone. 8)if you like: (used to suggest sth.)〔用以提議〕如果你愿意的話 e.g. I’ll take you to him, if you like. You are wele to look around if you like. 9)flood into: e into in large numbers, quantities, amounts〔大量〕涌進 e.g.New Year cards came flooding into the post office. The bright morning sun flooded into the bedroom. 10)get the best of: win over, beat; obtain an advantage over戰(zhàn)勝；打??；占…的上風；占…的廉價 e.g.Mary tried hard to eat less, but the ice-cream and chocolates finally got the best of her. Though it was a BOGOF (Buy One Get One Free) offer, I felt the store still got the best of me. 11)be in control: have or exercise power; be able to manage掌管著；控制著；處于控制狀態(tài) e.g. Now that I’m self employed, I am in control of my time. Often the first thing that needs to be broken in us is pride and the desire to be in control. 12)give away:give as a present 贈送 e.g.The price was so low that the goods were practically given away. Look through your old clothes and see if you have anything to give away. 13)for free: without paying; free of charge 免費地 e.g.If you buy one, you can get another for free. They offer service for free. 14)barely: only just; scarcely 僅僅，只不過；幾乎不 e.g. It was barely two feet away from us. I was trying to think fast so I barely heard what he said. 15)nowhere : not anywhere 任何地方都不 e.g.The key is nowhere to be found. Nowhere in the world have I seen such a beautiful scene. You have to work hard. Dreams alone will get you nowhere. 16)in sight: visible 看得見，在視線 e.g.There is not a person in sight. The train came gradually in sight. 18)with all one’s heart: sincerely 真心實意地 e.g.She wished with all her heart that he would e. I mean that with all my heart. Step 4 Give the Ss some time to do some exercises and then check the answers Step 5 Homework assignment Preview the new lesson Fourth Period Content：Unit 2 Grammar Review Step 1 T will talk about the difference between “V+ing〞 and “to doing〞 1. 動詞-ing形式與不定式的比擬〔1〕 在某些情況下只能使用動詞的-ing形式而不能使用不定式。 1.有些動詞能直接帶-ing形式作它的賓語，而不能帶不定式，如：admit, advise, appreciate, avoid, consider, delay, deny, dislike, enjoy, escape, favor, finish，imagine, involve, keep, mind，miss, postpone, practise, resist, risk, suggest等。 We're considering opening a new office inBeijing. 我們正考慮在開設一家新的辦事處。 Be quiet! He hasn’t finished speaking. 安靜！他還沒有說完呢。 I enjoy playing tennis. 我喜歡打網(wǎng)球。 2. 有些短語動詞后通常跟-ing形式，如：give up, put off, keep on, carry on, can’t help, feel like等。 I’m sure you’ll have no difficulty passing the examination. 我敢肯定你考試與格沒問題。 There’s no point (in) buying a car if you don’t want to drive. 如果你不想開車，買車就沒有意義了。 It’s no good asking Tom to help you. 叫湯姆幫助你沒用. 3. 有些結(jié)構通常要求使用-ing短語，如it’s no use doing sth., it’s no good doing sth., have difficulty doing sth., have trouble doing sth., spend/ waste time doing sth., there’s no point (in) doing sth., it’s a waste of time/money doing sth.等。 I’m sure you’ll have no difficulty passing the examination. 我敢肯定你考試與格沒問題。 There’s no point (in) buying a car if you don’t want to drive. 如果你不想開車，買車就沒有意義了。 It’s no good asking Tom to help you. 叫湯姆幫助你沒用。 Step 2 Give the Ss some time to do some exercises and then check the answers. Fifth Period Content：Unit 2 Practical Writing Response to a Letter of Invitation Step 1 T tells as well as shows the Ss how to response to a letter of invitation and also give them some useful expressions. How to accept a letter of invitation: Useful Expressions 1. How to start your letter: *Thanks for the invitation, and I am delighted to take part in the discussion on Web security. *I gladly accept your invitation to speak at the uping Health Care Seminar. *I appreciate your invitation to the product presentation on December 15. 2. How to end your letter: *Thank you again for the invitation. See you on the 15th! *Thanks again for the invitation, and I look forward to meeting you at the auto exhibition. Tips *Thank the recipient for inviting you. *Say that you are delighted to accept the invitation. *Confirm the date and other details about the meeting or visit. *Ask for more information if you need to. *Express your appreciation again at the end of the letter. How to decline a letter of invitation: Useful Expressions 1. How to start your letter: Thank you for your invitation to speak at _________. I sincerely appreciate your inviting me to___________ . I appreciate your invitation to participate next month in____________ . I would like to express my appreciation for your asking me to speak at the ____________. 2. How to tell the recipient that you can’t accept his/her invitation: Unfortunately, I have been scheduled to ___________ on the same day. Although I think the day would be most worthwhile, I have a previous mitment and thus cannot attend the conference at this time. Unfortunately, since I will be visiting ___________ during the meeting and cannot break away even for a day, regretfully I have to decline the invitation. Unfortunately, I shall be out of town on December 7th and will not, therefore, be able to attend the banquet you are holding. 3. How to end your letter: *If you have other meetings in the future that will feature the same subject, I would be glad to speak, my schedule permitting. *We wish you good luck with your ______________ and thank you for thinking of us. Tips *Thank the recipient for inviting you. *Tell the recipient why you are not able to accept the invitation. *If you feel like it, tell the recipient that you would be glad to have another opportunity. *Express good will and thank the recipient again for the invitation. Step 4 Ask Ss to do exercise and then check answer. Answers: Write a reply to the invitation in Exercise 12, Unit 1. Suggested Answer: An Informal Letter of Acceptance June 24, 2004 Dear Wang Jun, After graduation is a great time to have a party. Being at your house is always lots of fun. My boyfriend, Tom, will be ing, too. Thanks for the invitation. Best, WuJi Step 2 Homework assignment 1.Do exercise 2.Preview the new lesson Sixth Period Content： Unit 2 Improve YourReading Skills. Introduce the Basic reading skills--Guessing the Meaning of Unknown Words in Context (2) 利用上下文中的同義詞、反義詞、上義詞和下義詞關系，或利用上下文中的舉例、解釋、描述、定義等猜測生詞的詞義。請看下面的例句： I had been young, healthy, and smug. She had been old, sick, and desperate. Wishing with all my heart that I had acted like a human being rather than a robot, I was saddened to realize how fragile a hold we have on our better instincts. 如果你把“I〞和“She〞兩種截然不同的狀況作一比照，你就能猜出smug的大致的詞義：young — old, healthy — sick, smug — desperate(絕望的)。 同樣，要猜測下面句子中passionate的詞義，你可以利用上文中的do not despair： Similarly, not everyone is the enthusiastic type that falls in love with their work. However, do not despair, there are ways to bee more passionate. 再看下面的句子： The initial training period, the first six weeks, is the hardest. 借助于對“the first six weeks〞的理解，我們可以猜測出initial的詞義：initial = first; happening at the beginning。 Step 6 Give the Ss some time to do exercise and then check answers. Choose the right answer by guessing the meaning of each of the underlined words. (1)They h