2020版高考英語總復習 Unit 4 Global warming課時作業(yè)（含解析）新人教版選修6

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1、 Unit4 Global warming Ⅰ.閱讀理解 A Naturehasitsownwayofbalancingitselfout,butwhenwehumansgetinvolved,wetendtothrowthingsoutofcontrol.Forestsandoceansarenaturalcarbonsinksthatabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,butsincewe􀆳vebeenpumpingtoomuchintotheair,thosesinkscan􀆳tkeepup.Scientis

2、tsattheMaxPlanckInstituteinGermany,ledbybiologistTobiasErb,havefiguredoutawaytosuperchargeplantstomakethembetteratabsorbingCO2,whichcouldbeakeydefenseagainstclimatechange. Erbandhisteamfiguredoutawaytomakeplantsmoreefficientatabsorbingcarbon,sothattheyconsumedmorecarboninashorteramountoftime. “Ifyo

3、uthinkaboutplants,theyareefficientCO2-fixingfilters,buttheyarenotfast,” Erbsaid. “Ithinkthereisachancetoimproveexistingbiologywithsynthetic(人造的)biology.” Erb􀆳steamidentified17enzymes(酶)fromninedifferentorganisms,re-engineeringthreeofthem,thathadanenlargedcarbonconsumption.Whenthoseenzymesw

4、orkedtogetherasateam,theyworkedbetteratnotonlyplants􀆳naturalenzymes,butalsothemselvesindividually. Existingenzymesinplantsconsumeabout5to10molesofCO2persecond.TheteamofenzymesthatErbusedconsumed80molespersecond. Sofar,theseenzymeshaveonlybeentestedintesttubesinthelab,butthenextstepisrealw

5、orldtestingwheretheenzymeswouldbeintroducedintoplantstoseeifthesameresultoccurs.Ifthosetestsshowthatplantsreallycanbesupercharged,wecouldhaveanewtoolinthefightagainstclimatechangewherenotonlydoweprotecttheamazingcarbon-absorbingforestswehave,butwealsoaddthesesuperplantsoranartificialleaftechnologyus

6、ingtheenzymesintoothermixedfields. 1.Whycan􀆳tforestsandoceansbalancenature? A.Becauseoceansandforestsaregettingsmaller. B.BecausewehumanbeingsgiveofftoomuchCO2. C.Becausealargenumberofforestsarecutdown. D.Becausetherearetoomanycreaturesintheworld. 2.Whichisthekeydefenseagainstclimatec

7、hangeaccordingtoErbandhisteam? A.Toincreasetheplants􀆳abilityandefficiencytoabsorbCO2. B.TomakeoceansandforeststoabsorbmoreCO2quickly. C.ToreducethehumanactivitiesgivingofftoomuchCO2. D.Toincreasethenumberofplantsintheworld. 3.Whatcanwegetfromthelastparagraph? A.Theenzymeshaveproveduse

8、fulinrealworld. B.Thetechnologyhasworkedagainstclimatechange. C.Theenzymeshavenotbeenusedinthelab. D.Thetechnologymayhaveabrightfuture. 4.Thispassageisintendedto　　　　.? A.introduceapossiblewaytobetterplants􀆳abilityofabsorbingCO2 B.callonpeopletopaymoreattentiontothebalanceofnature C.a

9、nalysethecauseandresultofclimatechangerelatedtoplants D.explorethepossibilityofusingplantstofightagainstclimatechange B Todaytropicalrainforestsaredisappearingfromthefaceoftheglobe.Despitegrowinginternationalconcern,rainforestscontinuetobedestroyedatapaceover80,000acresperday.Worldrainforestcover

10、nowstandsataround2.5millionsquaremiles.Humanactivitieshavehadaneffectonmuchofthisremainingarea. Deforestation(濫伐森林)oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction,thelossofimportantecosystemservicesandrenewableresources,andthereductionofcarbonsinks.However,thisdestructioncanbeslowed,s

11、topped,andinsomecasesevenreversed(逆轉).Mostpeopleagreethattheproblemmustbesolved,butthemeansarenotassimpleasbuildingfencesaroundtheremainingrainforestsorbanningthewoodtrade.Economic,political,andsocialpressureswillnotallowrainforeststocontinuetoexistiftheyarecompletelyclosedofffromuseanddevelopment.

12、 So,whatshouldbedone?Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical,notcompletelyidealisticandshoulddependondevelopingaconservationapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(不破壞生態(tài)平衡的)useanddevelopmentofrainforests.Beyondtheresponsibledevelopmentofrainforests,effortstorestoredamagedforestlandsalongwiththeesta

13、blishmentofprotectedareasarekeytosecuringrainforestsforthelong-termbenefitstheycanprovideformankind. Historicalapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed,asshownbytheincreasedrateofdeforestation.Inmanyregions,closingoffforestsasuntouchableparksandreserveshasneitherimprovedthequalityoflivingorecon

14、omicopportunitiesfortheruralpoor,norstoppedforestclearingbyillegalwoodcuttersanddevelopers. Theproblemwiththistraditionalapproachtopreservingwildlandsindevelopingcountriesisthatitfailstodeveloppropereconomicmotivesforpreservingtheforest.Localpeopleandthegovernmentitselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprov

15、ethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities. 5.Whathascausedsomespeciesextinctioninthetropicalrainforests? A.Humans􀆳destroyingthetrees. B.Carbonsinksbeingreduced. C.Lackingrenewableresources. D.Fencesnotbeingbuiltaroundtherainforests. 6.Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage? A.Tropic

16、alrainforestscanbeeasilypreserved. B.Rainforestsmustbeclosedofftobebetterprotected. C.Humanactivitieshavealittleeffectontropicalrainforests. D.Economicreturnscanmakesomedifferenceinprotectingtropicalrainforests. 7.Whatistheauthor􀆳sattitudetotropicalrainforestprotection? A.Indifferent.

17、B.Concerned. C.Doubtful. D.Puzzled. 8.Whatisthepurposeofthepassage? A.Toshowthebadeffectsofdeforestation. B.Tostresstheimportanceoftherainforests. C.Toappealforrightwaystosavetherainforests. D.Tointroducethefactofforestsdisappearing. Ⅱ.語法填空 閱讀下面短文,在空白處填入1個適當?shù)膯卧~或括號內單詞的正確形式。 EarthDayisanevent

18、1.　　　　(annual)celebratedonApril22.2.　　　　(found)bySenatorGaylordNelson,anAmericanpoliticianandenvironmentalist,itwasoriginallyaimedathelpingthepublictoknowthecurrentsituationofairandwaterpollutionand3.　　　　(get)peopletocareabouttheearth.? In1962,RachelCarson􀆳sbest-sellingbookSilentSpringcrea

19、tedan4.　　　　(aware)ofthedangerouseffectsofpesticides(農(nóng)藥).Then,afire,5.　　　　brokeoutin1969onCuyahogaRiver,shedlightontheproblemofchemicalpollutioninwater.SenatorGaylordNelsondreamedof6.　　　　similarlargeeventthatwouldgetpeopletotakeenvironmentalissuesseriously.In1969,hewasinspiredbyprotestsagainsttheViet

20、namWarandcameupwiththeideaforEarthDay.? Inthefallof1969,Nelsonannounceditandappealedtotheentirecountrytogetinvolved.Consequently,telegrams,lettersandtelephonecalls7.　　　　alloverthecountrypouredin.Since1970,EarthDaycelebrationhasgrown.Later,Nelson8.　　　　(award)thePresidentialMedalofFreedominrecognitio

21、nofhiswork.? Today,EarthDayiscelebratedaroundtheworldeveryApril22.SometimesnumerouscommunitiescelebrateEarthWeek,anentireweekof9.　　　　(activity)focusedontheenvironmentalissues.In2017,theMarchforScience10.　　　　(occur)onEarthDay(April22,2017)andwasfollowedbythePeople􀆳sClimateMobilization(April

22、29,2017).? Ⅲ.短文改錯 NextSunday,thetwenty-fiveofOctober,wearehaveanopendayatourschool.It􀆳sgoingtobeabouttheenvironment,withkindsoffunthingshappen.Ourgeographyteacherwillshowadocumentaryfilmaboutairpollute.Ourscienceteacherisrunningaworkshopwithpracticalideasonwhattodowiththingscanberecycled,

23、likenewspapersandbox.ThenintheeveningDrLyndaPotter,aenvironmentalist,isgoingtogiveatalk.Itwillbeaboutwhateveryonecandosomethingtohelptheenvironment.Theywillalsobebooksforsaleaboutprotectingtheenvironment.Ithinkit􀆳sgoingtobearealgoodday. 課時作業(yè)(二十九) Ⅰ.A 【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了一種改善植物吸收二氧化碳能力的方

24、法。 1.B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段第二句“Forestsandoceansarenaturalcarbonsinksthatabsorbcarbondioxidefromtheatmosphere,butsincewe􀆳vebeenpumpingtoomuchintotheair,thosesinkscan􀆳tkeepup.”可知,森林和海洋不能夠平衡自然是因為人類排放了過多的二氧化碳,故選B。 2.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段最后一句可知,增加植物吸收二氧化碳的能力和有效性是應對氣候變化的關鍵,故選A。 3.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段“Ifthos

25、etestsshowthatplantsreallycanbesupercharged,wecouldhaveanewtoolinthefightagainstclimatechangewherenotonlydoweprotecttheamazingcarbon-absorbingforestswehave,butwealsoaddthesesuperplantsoranartificialleaftechnologyusingtheenzymesintoothermixedfields.”和對本段的整體理解可推知,這項技術前途光明,故選D。 4.A　寫作意圖題。第一段點題并結合對全文的整

26、體理解可推知,本文主要介紹了一種通過改善植物吸收二氧化碳的能力來應對氣候變化的新技術,故選A。 B 【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文。文章說明了熱帶雨林在逐漸從地球上消失,分析了其消失的原因及帶來的后果,并提出了對熱帶雨林保護的新措施。 5.A　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段第一句“Deforestation(濫伐森林)oftropicalrainforestshasaglobaleffectthroughspeciesextinction…”可知,人類對熱帶雨林的濫砍濫伐導致了一些物種的消失,故選A。 6.D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第五段最后一句“Localpeopleandthegovernmen

27、titselfmustseefinancialreturnstoprovethecostsofmaintainingparksfromeconomicactivities.”可知,經(jīng)濟效益對保護熱帶雨林有一定影響,故選D。 7.B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章大意可知,作者闡述了熱帶雨林正在消失的現(xiàn)狀,并呼吁找到拯救熱帶雨林的合理措施,故選B。 8.C　寫作意圖題。根據(jù)全文內容,尤其是第三段第二句“Thesolutionmustbebasedonwhatispractical,notcompletelyidealisticandshoulddependondevelopingaconservati

28、onapproachbuiltontheprincipleofsustainable(不破壞生態(tài)平衡的)useanddevelopmentofrainforests.”以及第四段第一句“Historicalapproachestorainforestconservationhavefailed…”可知,該篇文章的寫作目的是呼吁找到拯救熱帶雨林的合理措施,故選C。 Ⅱ.【文章大意】 本文是一篇說明文,主要介紹了“地球日”的起源及發(fā)展。 1.annually　考查詞性轉換。修飾動詞的詞一般為副詞,故用副詞annually修飾動詞celebrated,在句子中作狀語。 2.Founded　考查

29、非謂語動詞。found和句子的謂語之間沒有連詞,且與表示被動的介詞by呼應,表示被動完成的概念,故填Founded。 3.getting　考查動名詞。根據(jù)語境and提示可知,此處與動名詞helping并列,故用getting作介詞at的賓語。 4.awareness　考查詞性轉換。與語境中定冠詞the和介詞of呼應可知,此處用名詞形式。 5.which　考查定語從句。which引導非限制性定語從句,在從句中作主語,修飾先行詞 afire。 6.a　考查冠詞。event是可數(shù)名詞,且在語境中第一次出現(xiàn),故用不定冠詞修飾。 7.from　考查介詞。from此處表示“來自”,符合語境。

30、8.wasawarded　考查動詞的時態(tài)和語態(tài)。事情發(fā)生在過去,并且award和句子主語Nelson是被動關系,故用一般過去時的被動語態(tài)。 9.activities　考查名詞復數(shù)。根據(jù)anentireweekof可知,活動是一系列的,故用復數(shù)形式。 10.occurred　考查動詞的時態(tài)。根據(jù)時間狀語in2017且與語境wasfollowed呼應可知,事情發(fā)生在過去,故用一般過去時,填occurred。 Ⅲ.NextSunday,thetwenty-fiveofOctober,weare 或 haveanopendayatourschool.It􀆳sgoingtobea

31、bout the ?twenty-fifth?will?having environment,withkindsoffunthingshappen.Ourgeographyteacherwillshowadocumentaryfilmaboutair ?happening pollute.Ourscienceteacherisrunningaworkshopwithpracticalideasonwhattodowiththings∧that/whichcanbe ?pollution recycled,likenewspapersandbox.ThenintheeveningDrLyndaPotter,aenvironmentalist,isgoingtogivea ?boxes?an talk.Itwillbeaboutwhateveryonecandosomethingtohelptheenvironment.Theywillalsobebooksfor ?There saleaboutprotectingtheenvironment.Ithinkit􀆳sgoingtobearealgoodday. ?really 6