（新課標(biāo)）2020屆高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí) 專(zhuān)題三 閱讀理解 考點(diǎn)十六 人物故事類(lèi)（含解析）

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1、考點(diǎn)十六　人物故事類(lèi) A 限時(shí)10分鐘 Idema, a Dutch Sinologist (漢學(xué)家), has served as the director of the Chinese Languages and Cultures Department at Leiden University of the Netherlands and was also director of Harvard's Fairbank Center for East Asian Research． He has studied ancient Chinese plays, novels and l

2、iterature, and has authored or translated a number of influential books published in English and other languages． The 70-year-old Dutch Sinologist recalled his half-century-long romance with Chinese culture during a recent visit to Beijing． As a child, the vivid descriptions of China in Nobel and P

3、ulitzer Prize-winner Pearl S． Buck's books sparked Idema's interest in the country． He later read classic Chinese literature and spent whole days pouring through works at the National Library of China． While many other experts on China focused on the country's economic transformation, Idema continu

4、ed to study traditional Chinese literature． “There were scholars studying law, religion and society, but not traditional Chinese literature, which was my personal interest，” Idema explains． Finding reference books for his research, especially regional publications, used to be a huge challenge, and

5、Idema used to spend a lot of time collecting books and other materials during visits to China． Now it is much more convenient with the Internet． Idema usually chooses less-known subjects for his research and tries to get firsthand materials． In recent years, he has devoted himself to translating C

6、hinese folk tales and writing about Chinese folk society and folk culture． “Traditional Chinese culture is a passion． I have been studying it for 50 years and will continue to do so，” says the retired professor． 1．What does the underlined word “sparked” in Paragraph 2 mean? A．Increased． B．

7、Broke． C．Performed． D．Aroused． 答案：D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第二段中的“He later read classic Chinese literature and spent whole days pouring through works at the National Library of China．”后來(lái)他開(kāi)始閱讀中國(guó)古典文學(xué)，可推斷前文的books引起了他對(duì)中國(guó)的興趣。故選D。 2．Idema concentrated on traditional Chinese literature because ________． A．he want

8、ed to show he was different from others B．he was interested in traditional Chinese literature C．traditional Chinese literature is easier to study than other fields D．he could benefit a lot from the traditional Chinese literature 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第三段第二句中的“There were scholars studying law, religion an

9、d society, but not traditional Chinese literature, which was my personal interest”可知，他研究中國(guó)古典文學(xué)，是因?yàn)樗呐d趣。故選B。 3．What may be the best title for the text? A．A Passion for Chinese Culture B．The Life of Idema C．Idema's Visit to China D．The Personal Hobby 答案：A　標(biāo)題判斷題。瀏覽全文，講述的都是Idema對(duì)于中國(guó)古典文學(xué)的研究

10、與熱愛(ài)，結(jié)合第三段中的“While many other experts on China ．．． Idema explains．”可知，他研究中國(guó)古典文學(xué)是帶著很大的興趣和熱情的。故選A。 B 限時(shí)10分鐘 Many experts say that Billy Wilder changed the history of American movies． He is often called the best moviemaker Hollywood has ever had． He was known for making movies that offered sharp soci

11、al comment． Wilder was one of the first directors to do this． Billy Wilder was born in 1906 in the former Austro-Hungarian Empire． Billy Wilder started law school in Vienna, Austria． However, he began reporting for a Vienna newspaper after graduation． By the 1920s, he was writing movies in Germany．

12、 However, the Nazis had risen to power in the nation． Wilder was Jewish, and he recognized that he had no future in Nazi Germany． In 1933, he went to Paris． There he directed a movie for the first time． It was called The Bad Seed． Then he received word that producers in the United States had accepte

13、d one of his scripts． Billy Wilder left Europe for America． In America he formed a writing team with Charles Brackett． The two writers created many films together． Wilder and Brackett wrote several successful movies． One was the nineteen thirty-nine movie, Ninotchka, starring Greta Garbo． Ernst Lub

14、itsch directed the film． Wilder always praised this man as a friend and teacher whose humor and expert direction greatly influenced his works． In 1954, Billy Wilder became an independent producer． The next year, Wilder's first movie as an independent filmmaker was a huge success． It was The Seven Y

15、ear Itch． In 1959, Wilder made a funny movie that was very popular． I．A．L． Diamond joined Wilder in writing Some Like It Hot． By the 1980s, Wilder no longer was considered the most unusual, creative filmmaker in Hollywood． In recent years, however, Billy Wilder received many more awards and honors．

16、 Critics praised his gifts to movie making． In 1987, the Academy of Motion Picture Arts and Sciences gave him the Irving G． Thalberg Memorial Award． It is the highest award a producer can receive． 4．Which is Wilder's first successful movie as an independent filmmaker? A．Ninotchka． B．The Bad See

17、d． C．Some Like It Hot． D．The Seven Year Itch． 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段中的“In 1954, Billy Wilder became an independent producer． The next year, Wilder's first movie as an independent filmmaker was a huge success． It was The Seven Year Itch．”可知，Wilder作為獨(dú)立的電影制片人，制作的第一部成功的電影是The Seven Year Itch。故選D。 5．What

18、 can we know about Wilder according to the text? A．He intended to be a lawyer at first． B．He starred a movie for the first time in Paris． C．He is the first director to make realistic movies． D．He has been accepted as the most creative moviemaker． 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段第二句“Billy Wilder started law sch

19、ool in Vienna, Austria．”可推斷，一開(kāi)始Wilder想要成為一名律師。故選A。 6．Why did Wilder leave Germany? A．He was Jewish and couldn't develop there． B．The Nazis were searching for him everywhere． C．He was invited to produce his script in America． D．He expected to go to Paris to form a writing team． 答案：A　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段

20、中提到的“However, the Nazis had risen to power in the nation． Wilder was Jewish, and he recognized that he had no future in Nazi Germany． In 1933, he went to Paris．”可知，納粹開(kāi)始在當(dāng)時(shí)的德國(guó)執(zhí)政，而Wilder是猶太人，他認(rèn)識(shí)到自己在德國(guó)沒(méi)有未來(lái)，因此他離開(kāi)了德國(guó)。故選A。 7．What would be the best title for the text? A．The Maker of History of American M

21、ovies B．Billy Wilder—a Best Filmmaker C．An Autobiography of a Director D．The Best Director and Producer 答案：B　標(biāo)題判斷題?？v觀全文可知，第一段第一句是文章的主旨，主要講述Billy Wilder對(duì)于美國(guó)電影的貢獻(xiàn)。因此推斷B項(xiàng)“Billy Wilder——一位最好的電影制作者”為最佳標(biāo)題。故選B。 C 限時(shí)7分鐘 Writers used to approach publishers to have their work read by the public． Now th

22、ey can simply post their work and find millions of instant audience． After breaking up with her boyfriend, Bao Jingjing started “making up” a love story simply to distract (轉(zhuǎn)移) her attention． Her story of a girl suffering the pain like hers progressed quickly, attracting many readers． When Bao sto

23、pped writing as she was reunited with her boyfriend, she was urged to continue, as readers wanted to know what happened next． Bao finished it soon． It became so popular that it was turned into a best-seller． To_cap_it_all_off,_Bao's novel was later adapted into a successful movie． Bao's story is on

24、ly one of many Internet novels that have landed deals for physical books, TV shows and films． Unlike traditional writers who buried themselves in their books for years, some young writers like Bao have got readers rapidly online and find overnight success． Bao admits her success was unexpected． She

25、 still remembers how surprised her parents were when she proudly gave them her copyright earnings． Online literature forums (論壇) are platforms for grass roots writers to succeed． In recent years, Zhang Wei, known as “Tangjiasanshao”， has earned 177 million yuan by his fingers though working as an a

26、uthor was beyond his dreams． He topped the list of wealthiest Chinese Internet novelists twice and was the only online writer to be listed on the 2014 Forbes “Chinese Celebrity List”． He admits that he is one of the few writers at the top of the pyramid while most online writers remain unknown． How

27、ever, he urges that his success can be achieved by others, as long as “they write hard enough”． 8．According to the passage, we know that ________． A．Bao Jingjing's parents didn't want her to be a writer B．Bao Jingjing didn't really expect her success overnight C．Bao Jingjing didn't finish h

28、er first online love story D．Bao Jingjing's first online story was turned into a TV show 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第五段第一句“Bao admits her success was unexpected．”可知，鮑鯨鯨承認(rèn)她的成功是意想不到的。故選B。 9．The underlined phrase “To cap it all off” in Paragraph 3 probably means “________”． A．in conclusion B．in turn C．i

29、n time D．in addition 答案：D　詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段倒數(shù)第二句“It became so popular that it was turned into a best-seller．”和最后一句中的“Bao's novel was later adapted into a successful movie．”可知，鮑鯨鯨的作品如此受歡迎以至于它后來(lái)被出版，并成了暢銷(xiāo)書(shū)。她的小說(shuō)后來(lái)又被改編成一部成功的電影。由此推斷，To cap it all off在此處表遞進(jìn)關(guān)系。故選D。 10．The author mentioned Zhang Wei's exam

30、ple mainly to ________． A．introduce another online writer to the readers B．show the example of another online writer's success C．encourage readers to become online writers D．express his admiration for online writer Zhang Wei 答案：B　推理判斷題。通讀全文可知，本文主要講述一些現(xiàn)代網(wǎng)絡(luò)作家獲得了成功的故事，張威的經(jīng)歷只是其中一例。故選B。

31、 11．What can we infer from what Zhang Wei says in the last paragraph? A．Few words, many deeds． B．First try, and then trust． C．Harm set, harm get． D．No pain, no gain． 答案：D　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句可知，張威認(rèn)為只要夠努力，就能像他一樣成功。故選D。No pain, no gain．“不勞，無(wú)獲”；Few words, many deeds．“少說(shuō)多做”；Harm set, harm get．“害人害己

32、”；First try, and then trust．“試過(guò)才信”。 D 限時(shí)8分鐘 Kenji Croman has broken his bones, his shoulder and elbow, and nearly drowned several times． He's also had three close encounters with sharks over the years． A 10-foot wave landed directly on top of him five years ago, bending his body to the point that

33、 he actually kicked himself in the head． “I literally heard every bone in my body crack，” he said． Croman has been photographing ocean waves since 2008, sometimes risking his life to get that perfect shot at the surf break． Despite the risks and certain injuries that come with wave photography, the

34、 Hawaii resident, body surfer and former competitive swimmer wouldn't do anything else． The 36-year-old photographer loves the thrill of meeting breaking waves head on, shooting waves as his interest and shooting surfers to pay the bills． “The process of photographing waves requires more than ju

35、st swimming out where the surf breaks and waiting，” he says． The night before a photo shoot Croman checks Surfline．com, a website and the coastal camera network that provides live and predicted ocean weather information, to see what the winds, waves and tide will be like at certain times． Croman has

36、 both a primary camera and a backup for emergencies． He goes without a wetsuit and uses a heavy underwater housing to protect his camera． There is no great way for him to protect himself． He admits there are probably protective clothes he should be wearing, but there is little he could have done to

37、decrease the impact of the 10-foot wave that crashed on top of him． The hardest part of Croman's job is staying calm in the face of breaking waves when his initial reaction is to panic and swim away． At most, Croman will take two to three shots of a single wave． “I've shot waves for so many year

38、s now that I see the wave in slow movement，” he said． 12．What do we know about Kenji Croman's job from the first paragraph? A．It is a game of death． B．It is full of mysteries． C．It requires patience． D．It calls for courage． 答案：D　推理判斷題。由第一段可知，為了拍攝海浪，Kenji Croman曾多次受傷，甚至幾次面臨著死亡。由此可推知，這份工作需

39、要超常的勇氣。故選D。 13．How does Kenji Croman make a living? A．By taking swimming races． B．By teaching photography． C．By shooting surfers． D．By surfing waves． 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句中的“shooting waves as his interest and shooting surfers to pay the bills”可知，Kenji Croman 靠為沖浪者拍攝謀生，而搶拍海浪僅僅是個(gè)人興趣。 14．Why does

40、 Kenji Croman check the websites like Surfline．com? A．To get better prepared for shooting． B．To predict something about weather． C．To learn more about surfing waves． D．To buy better equipment for safety． 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第三段第二句可知，Croman查看這個(gè)網(wǎng)站是想了解海洋的天氣信息，以及了解在某些時(shí)刻風(fēng)向、海浪和潮汐的情況，以便更好地為拍攝海浪做準(zhǔn)備。 15．What

41、would be the best title of the text? A．Taking Adventures Around the Ocean B．Risking His Life for the Perfect Wave C．Making Preparations for Life Risks D．Appreciating Breaking Waves in Danger 答案：B　標(biāo)題判斷題。本文主要講的是Croman冒著生命危險(xiǎn)拍攝完美的海浪照片的故事，因此B項(xiàng)為最佳標(biāo)題。 A 限時(shí)10分鐘 (2018·浙江高考)In 1812, the year Charles

42、 Dickens was born, there were 66 novels published in Britain． People had been writing novels for a century—most experts date the first novel to Robinson Crusoe in 1719—but nobody wanted to do it professionally． The steam-powered printing press was still in its early stages; the literacy (識(shí)字) rate i

43、n England was under 50%． Many works of fiction appeared without the names of the authors, often with something like “By a lady．” Novels, for the most part, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad． In 1870, when Dickens died, the world mourned him as its first professional writer and pu

44、blisher, famous and beloved, who had led an explosion in both the publication of novels and their readership and whose characters—from Oliver Twist to Tiny Tim—were held up as moral touchstones． Today Dickens' greatness is unchallenged． Removing him from the pantheon (名人堂) of English literature woul

45、d make about as much sense as the Louvre selling off the Mona Lisa． How did Dickens get to the top? For all the feelings readers attach to stories, literature is a numbers game, and the test of time is extremely difficult to pass． Some 60,000 novels were published during the Victorian age, from 183

46、7 to 1901; today a casual reader might be able to name a half-dozen of them． It's partly true that Dickens' style of writing attracted audiences from all walks of life． It's partly that his writings rode a wave of social, political and scientific progress． But it's also that he rewrote the culture

47、of literature and put himself at the center． No one will ever know what mix of talent, ambition, energy and luck made Dickens such a distinguished writer． But as the 200th anniversary of his birth approaches, it is possible—and important for our own culture—to understand how he made himself a lasti

48、ng one． 1．Which of the following best describes British novels in the 18th century? A．They were difficult to understand． B．They were popular among the rich． C．They were seen as nearly worthless． D．They were written mostly by women． 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由題干中的18世紀(jì)可定位到第一段。由該段最后一句“Novels, for the most par

49、t, were looked upon as silly, immoral or just plain bad．”可知，在18世紀(jì)，英國(guó)的小說(shuō)幾乎被認(rèn)為沒(méi)有價(jià)值。故選C。 2．Dickens is compared with the Mona Lisa in the text to stress ________． A．his reputation in France B．his interest in modern art C．his success in publication D．his importance in literature 答案：D　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第二段最后兩句

50、可知，把他從英國(guó)文學(xué)殿堂中剔除的意義如同盧浮宮拋售《蒙娜·麗莎》。將狄更斯與《蒙娜·麗莎》進(jìn)行比較是為了強(qiáng)調(diào)狄更斯在文學(xué)上的重要性。故選D。 3．What is the author's purpose in writing the text? A．To remember a great writer． B．To introduce an English novel． C．To encourage studies on culture． D．To promote values of the Victorian age． 答案：A　推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段最后一句以及全文可知，文章主

51、要介紹了狄更斯的偉大成就，旨在讓人們永遠(yuǎn)記住這位偉大的作家。故選A。 B 限時(shí)7分鐘 (2017·北京高考)It was a cold March day in High Point, North Carolina． The girls on the Wesleyan Academy softball team were waiting for their next turns at bat during practice, stamping their feet to stay warm． Eighth-grader Taylor Bisbee shivered (發(fā)抖) a litt

52、le as she watched her teammate Paris White play． The two didn't know each other well—Taylor had just moved to town a month or so before． Suddenly, Paris fell to the ground． “Paris's eyes rolled back，” Taylor says． “She started shaking． I knew it was an emergency．” It certainly was． Paris had suffe

53、red a sudden heart failure． Without immediate medical care, Paris would die． At first, no one moved． The girls were in shock． Then the softball coach shouted out, “Does anyone know CPR？” CPR is a life-saving technique． To do CPR, you press on the sick person's chest so that blood moves through the

54、body and takes oxygen to organs． Without oxygen, the brain is damaged quickly． Amazingly, Taylor had just taken a CPR course the day before． Still, she hesitated． She didn't think she knew it well enough． But when no one else came forward, Taylor ran to Paris and began doing CPR． “It was scary． I k

55、new it was the difference between life and death，” says Taylor． Taylor's swift action helped her teammates calm down． One girl called 911． Two more ran to get the school nurse, who brought a defibrillator, an electronic device (器械) that can shock the heart back into work． Luck stayed with them：Pari

56、s's heartbeat returned． “I know I was really lucky，” Paris says now． “Most people don't survive this． My team saved my life．” Experts say Paris is right：For a sudden heart failure, the single best chance for survival is having someone nearby step in and do CPR quickly． Today, Paris is back on the

57、 softball team． Taylor will apply to college soon． She wants to be a nurse． “I feel more confident in my actions now，” Taylor says． “I know I can act under pressure in a scary situation．” 4．What happened to Paris on a March day? A．She caught a bad cold． B．She had a sudden heart problem． C．She

58、was knocked down by a ball． D．She shivered terribly during practice． 答案：B　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由第三段第二句“Paris had suffered a sudden heart failure．”可知，Paris突發(fā)心臟病。故選B。 5．Why does Paris say she was lucky? A．She made a worthy friend． B．She recovered from shock． C．She received immediate CPR． D．She came back on th

59、e softball team． 答案：C　推理判斷題。由倒數(shù)第三段Paris所說(shuō)的話可知，這種情況下，多數(shù)人都很難存活，她是非常幸運(yùn)的，是她的團(tuán)隊(duì)救了她，故選C項(xiàng)(她得到了及時(shí)的心肺復(fù)蘇救治)。 6．Which of the following words can best describe Taylor? A．Enthusiastic and kind． B．Courageous and calm． C．Cooperative and generous． D．Ambitious and professional． 答案：B　推理判斷題。由第五段可知，Taylor雖然對(duì)自己的技

60、術(shù)不太自信，但在沒(méi)有其他人站出來(lái)的情況下，仍然對(duì)Paris實(shí)施心肺復(fù)蘇救治，她心里清楚，這是生與死的區(qū)別，由此可以推測(cè)Taylor是非常勇敢而且鎮(zhèn)靜。故選B。 C 限時(shí)7分鐘 (2019·山東省棗莊八中月考)Christopher Thomas, 27, was a writer by night and a teacher by day when he noticed he was always tired and was losing weight fast． Diagnosed with diabetes (糖尿病), Thomas would need to inject him

61、self with insulin (胰島素) three times a day for the rest of his life or risk nerve damage, blindness, and even death． And if that weren't bad enough, he had no health insurance． After a month of feeling upset, Thomas decided he'd better find a way to fight back． He left Canton, Michigan for New York,

62、 got a job waiting tables, nicknamed himself the Diabetic Rockstar, and created diabeticrockstar．com, a free online community for diabetics and their loved ones—a place where over 1,100 people share personal stories, information, and resources． Jason Swencki's son, Kody, was diagnosed with type dia

63、betes at six． Father and son visit the online children's forums (論壇) together most evenings． “Kody gets so excited, writing to kids from all over，” says Swencki, one of the site's volunteers． “They know what he's going through, so he doesn't feel lonely．” Kody is anything but alone: Diabetes is now

64、 the seventh leading cause of death in the United States, with 24 million diagnosed cases． And more people are being diagnosed at younger ages． These days, Thomas's main focus is his charity (慈善機(jī)構(gòu)), Fight It, which provides medicines and supplies to people—225 to date—who can't afford a diabetic's

65、huge expenses． Fight-it．org has raised about $23,000—in products and in cash． In May, Thomas will hold the first annual Diabetic Rockstar Festival in the Caribbean． Even with a staff of 22 volunteers, Thomas often devotes up to 50 hours a week to his cause, while still doing his full-time job waiti

66、ng tables． “Of the diabetes charities out there, most are putting money into finding a cure，” says Bentley Gubar, one of Rockstar's original members． “But Christopher is the only person I know saying people need help now．” 7．Which of the following is true of Christopher Thomas? A．He needs to go to the doctor every day． B．He studies the leading cause of diabetes． C．He has a positive attitude to this disease． D．He encourages diabetics by writing articles． 答案：C　細(xì)節(jié)理解題。通讀全文可知，Christopher Tho