（江蘇專用）2019高考英語(yǔ)二輪培優(yōu)復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 單項(xiàng)填空習(xí)題

《（江蘇專用）2019高考英語(yǔ)二輪培優(yōu)復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 單項(xiàng)填空習(xí)題》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《（江蘇專用）2019高考英語(yǔ)二輪培優(yōu)復(fù)習(xí) 專題一 單項(xiàng)填空習(xí)題（12頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。

1、 專題一 單項(xiàng)填空 考試大綱 要求 考綱解讀 《普通高中英語(yǔ)課程標(biāo)準(zhǔn)(實(shí)驗(yàn))》明確指出：高中學(xué)生應(yīng)該學(xué)習(xí)和掌握的英語(yǔ)語(yǔ)言基礎(chǔ)知識(shí)包括語(yǔ)音、詞匯、語(yǔ)法、功能和話題等五個(gè)方面的內(nèi)容(教育部)。 考查考生對(duì)語(yǔ)法、詞匯和語(yǔ)用知識(shí)的掌握情況。 單項(xiàng)填空強(qiáng)調(diào)在語(yǔ)境中理解詞匯的意思。側(cè)重對(duì)詞匯和詞組的考查，考點(diǎn)為名詞性從句、動(dòng)詞、動(dòng)詞詞組、形容詞、副詞、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、情景交際等，貼近生活。 江蘇高考單項(xiàng)填空近五年考查分布明細(xì)統(tǒng)計(jì) 考點(diǎn) 年份　　 冠詞 名詞 代詞 形容詞和副詞 數(shù)詞和主謂一致 介詞和介詞短語(yǔ) 動(dòng)詞 從句 特殊句式 虛擬語(yǔ)氣

2、情景交際 動(dòng)詞和動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ) 情態(tài)動(dòng)詞 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài) 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 定語(yǔ)從句 名詞性從句 狀語(yǔ)從句 2018 0 1 0 1 0 1 2 1 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 2017 0 0 0 2 1 1 2 0 2 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 2016 0 1 0 1 0 0 3 0 2 1 1 1 1 1 1 2 2015 0 2 0 1 0 1 3 0 1 1 1 1 1 0 1 2 2014 0 1 1 2 0 1 3 1

3、1 1 1 1 1 0 0 1 從上面的考情統(tǒng)計(jì)可以看出，2018年江蘇高考單項(xiàng)填空的考點(diǎn)和往年類似，但涉及的語(yǔ)境更豐富，重點(diǎn)考查基礎(chǔ)語(yǔ)法運(yùn)用、詞匯辨析、情景交際用語(yǔ)及習(xí)語(yǔ)。其中語(yǔ)法考查內(nèi)容涵蓋了三大從句、非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞、時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)及虛擬語(yǔ)氣等。 21.By boat is the only way to get here, which is ________ we arrived. A.where B.when C.why D.how 答案　D　[考查表語(yǔ)從句。 根據(jù)句中的By boat可知，此處應(yīng)用how引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句，表示到達(dá)這里的方式。] 22.K

4、ids shouldn’t have access to violent films because they might ________ the things they see. A.indicate B.investigate C.imitate D.innovate 答案　C　[考查動(dòng)詞。句意：孩子們不應(yīng)該看暴力影片，因?yàn)樗麄兛赡軙?huì)模仿他們看到的內(nèi)容。imitate“模仿”符合句意。indicate“暗示”；investigate“調(diào)查”；innovate“創(chuàng)新”。] 23.Self-driving is an area ________ China and the res

5、t of the world are on the same starting line. A.that B.where C.which D.when 答案　B　[考查定語(yǔ)從句?？仗幰龑?dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句，先行詞是area，關(guān)系詞在從句中充當(dāng)?shù)攸c(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，因此用where，相當(dāng)于in which。] 24.It’s strange that he ________ have taken the books without the owner’s permission. A.would B.should C.could D.might 答案　B　[考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。句意：很奇怪，他竟然未經(jīng)主

6、人的許可就拿走了那些書。should“竟然”，符合句意。] 25.Developing the Yangtze River Economic Belt is a systematic project which ________ a clear road map and timetable. A.calls for B.calls on C.calls off D.calls up 答案　A　[考查短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。 句意：開發(fā)長(zhǎng)江經(jīng)濟(jì)帶是一個(gè)系統(tǒng)的工程，它需要一個(gè)清晰的陸路交通圖和時(shí)間表。call for“需要”符合句意。call on“號(hào)召，拜訪”；call off“取消”；

7、call up“使回憶起”。] 26.Around 13，500 new jobs were created during the period，________ the expected number of 12，000 held by market analysts. A.having exceeded B.to exceed C.exceeded D.exceeding 答案　D　[考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這段時(shí)間大約13 500個(gè)新的工作崗位被創(chuàng)造了出來(lái)，超過(guò)了市場(chǎng)分析人士預(yù)計(jì)的12 000個(gè)。exceed與主語(yǔ)是邏輯上的主謂關(guān)系。此處用現(xiàn)在分詞作狀語(yǔ)表示結(jié)果，故選D。]

8、 27.There is a good social life in the village, and I wish I ________ a second chance to become more involved. A.had B.will have C.would have had D.have had 答案　A　[考查虛擬語(yǔ)氣。根據(jù)“There is a good social life in the village”可知，時(shí)間的著眼點(diǎn)是現(xiàn)在，因此wish后的從句中的虛擬語(yǔ)氣是對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬，故選擇had。] 28.—You know what? I’ve got a

9、New Year concert ticket. —Oh，________ You’re kidding. A.so what? B.go ahead. C.come on. D.what for? 答案　C　[考查交際用語(yǔ)。從對(duì)話中的“You’re kidding”可知此處表示對(duì)上一句的內(nèi)容感到難以置信，因此選擇come on，意思是“別逗了，算了吧”。so what“那又怎么樣”，go ahead“開始做吧”，what for“為何”。] 29.________ you can sleep well, you will lose the ability to focus,

10、plan and stay motivated after one or two nights. A.Once B.Unless C.If D.When 答案　B　[考查條件狀語(yǔ)從句。句意：除非你睡眠好，否則你一兩個(gè)夜晚后就不能集中注意力，不能計(jì)劃，也不能保持積極性。unless“除非”符合句意。] 30.I was sent to the village last month to see how the development plan ________ in the past two years. A.had been carried out B.would be car

11、ried out C.is being carried out D.has been carried out 答案　A　[考查時(shí)態(tài)。本句中主句的時(shí)態(tài)是一般過(guò)去時(shí)，因此從句中應(yīng)該使用過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)中的某種時(shí)態(tài)；根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the past two years可知，應(yīng)該使用完成時(shí)態(tài)。因此空處應(yīng)用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。] 31.Hopefully in 2025 we will no longer be e-mailing each other, for we ________ more convenient electronic communication tools by then. A.

12、have developed B.had developed C.will have developed D.developed 答案　C　[考查將來(lái)完成時(shí)。句意：在2025年我們有望不再互相發(fā)郵件，因?yàn)榈侥菚r(shí)候我們將已經(jīng)開發(fā)了更加便利的電子溝通工具了。根據(jù)句中的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)2025與by then可知，空處應(yīng)用將來(lái)完成時(shí)。] 32.Try to understand what’s actually happening instead of acting on the ________ you’ve made. A.assignment B.association C.acqu

13、isition D.assumption 答案　D　[考查名詞。根據(jù)句中的actually可知選擇assumption，表示“要努力弄懂事實(shí)上正在發(fā)生的事情而不是把你的行為建立在假設(shè)之上”。assignment“任務(wù)，作業(yè)”；association“協(xié)會(huì)，團(tuán)體，聯(lián)系，聯(lián)想”；acquisition“獲得，習(xí)得”。] 33.China’s soft power grows ________ the increasing appreciation and understanding of China globally. A.in line with B.in reply to

14、C.in return for D.in honour of 答案　A　[考查介詞短語(yǔ)。句意：我國(guó)的軟實(shí)力的增長(zhǎng)與我國(guó)在全球各地不斷受到的欣賞和理解是緊密相連的。in line with“與……緊密相連”符合句意。in reply to“答復(fù)……”；in return for“作為對(duì)……的回報(bào)”；in honour of“為了紀(jì)念……，為向……表示敬意”。] 34.Despite the poor service of the hotel, the manager is ________ to invest in sufficient training for his staff.

15、A.keen B.reluctant C.anxious D.ready 答案　B　[考查形容詞。句意：盡管這家旅館服務(wù)差，但是經(jīng)理卻不愿投資對(duì)員工進(jìn)行足夠的培訓(xùn)。reluctant“不情愿的，勉強(qiáng)的”符合句意。] 35.—What happened? Your boss seems to ________. —Didn’t you know his secretary leaked the secret report to the press? A.be over the moon B.laugh his head off C.be all ears D.

16、fly off the handle 答案　D　[考查習(xí)語(yǔ)。根據(jù)對(duì)話內(nèi)容可知秘書向新聞界泄露了機(jī)密的報(bào)告，因此老板很生氣，故選擇fly off the handle“大發(fā)雷霆”。be over the moon“欣喜若狂”；laugh his head off“大笑不止”；be all ears“全神貫注地聽(tīng)”。] 21.Many Chinese brands，________their reputations over centuries，are facing new challenges from the modern market. A.having developed B.

17、being developed C.developed D.developing 答案　A　[brands是邏輯主語(yǔ)，和develop是主謂關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，表示伴隨狀況；再根據(jù)“over centuries”可知，應(yīng)該使用現(xiàn)在分詞的完成式，故選A。] 22.________not for the support of the teachers，the student could not overcome her difficulty. A.It were B.Were it C.It was D.Was it 答案　B　[虛擬語(yǔ)氣中，be動(dòng)詞統(tǒng)一用were；虛擬語(yǔ)氣的省

18、略形式主要是把if省略，同時(shí)把were/should/had提前，即Were/Should/Had I...，故選B。] 23.Located________the Belt meets the Road，Jiangsu will contribute more to the Belt and Road construction. A.why B.when C.which D.where 答案　D　[be located in＋地點(diǎn)名詞，位于……，where引導(dǎo)的地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)從句在此相當(dāng)于in some place，故選D。] 24.The publication of Grea

19、t Expectations，which________both widely reviewed and highly praised，strengthened Dickens’ status as a leading novelist. A.is B.are C.was D.were 答案　C　[本句是包含定語(yǔ)從句的復(fù)合句，先行詞是Great Expectations是書名，看作單數(shù)，所以定語(yǔ)從句的謂語(yǔ)也要使用單數(shù)形式；根據(jù)“strengthened”可知，“被廣泛閱讀和得到高度評(píng)價(jià)”發(fā)生在過(guò)去，故選C。] 25.Working with the medical team i

20、n Africa has________the best in her as a doctor. A.held out B.brought out C.picked out D.given out 答案　B　[hold out堅(jiān)持；提供機(jī)會(huì)；伸出手；bring out使顯現(xiàn)，闡明，出版；pick out使容易看見(jiàn)，找出精心挑選，認(rèn)出來(lái)；give out用完，停止運(yùn)行，分發(fā)，發(fā)出，公布。句意：在非洲同醫(yī)療隊(duì)一起工作已經(jīng)使她表現(xiàn)出了作為一名醫(yī)生最好的一面。這里取“使顯現(xiàn)”之意，故選B。] 26.We choose this hotel because the price for a n

21、ight here is down to $20，half of________it used to charge. A.that B.which C.what D.how 答案　C　[“half of ________ it used to charge”是$20的同位語(yǔ)，即原來(lái)價(jià)格的一半是現(xiàn)在的$20；另外，of后跟名詞或名詞短語(yǔ)構(gòu)成介賓短語(yǔ)，所以，這里是賓語(yǔ)從句；賓語(yǔ)從句中的charge后面缺少賓語(yǔ)，所以用what來(lái)引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句，并在賓語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故選C。] 27.He hurried home，never once looking back to see if he

22、________. A.was being followed B.was following C.had been followed D.followed 答案　A　[分析句子成分可知，he和follow是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，即他被別人跟蹤，排除B、D；根據(jù)句意“在匆忙趕回家的路上，他從未回頭看是否正被跟蹤”，故用過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí)最合適，故選A。] 28.In 1963 the UN set up the World Food Programme，one of________purposes is to relieve worldwide starvation. A.which B.its

23、 C.whose D.whom 答案　C　[先行詞是“the World Food Programme”，“世界糧食項(xiàng)目”的目的之一是……，whose在定語(yǔ)從句中作定語(yǔ)，限定purposes，故選C。] 29.Only five years after Steve Jobs’ death，smart-phones defeated________PCs in sales. A.controversial B.contradictory C.confidential D.conventional 答案　D　[A.controversial有爭(zhēng)議的；B.contradictory

24、對(duì)立的，相互矛盾的；C.confidential機(jī)密的，秘密的；D.conventional傳統(tǒng)的。智能手機(jī)在銷量上打敗了傳統(tǒng)的個(gè)人電腦，故選D。] 30.A quick review of successes and failures at the end of year will help________your year ahead. A.shape B.switch C.stretch D.sharpen 答案　A　[A.shape塑造，決定……的形成，影響……的發(fā)展；B.switch轉(zhuǎn)變，交換，調(diào)班；C.stretch拉長(zhǎng)，拉緊，伸展，伸長(zhǎng)，延伸消耗；D.sharpe

25、n提高，使尖銳，變得清晰。句意：快速回顧一年的成敗將會(huì)決定來(lái)年的發(fā)展。故選A。] 31.He’s been informed that he________for the scholarship because of his academic background. A.hasn’t qualified B.hadn’t qualified C.doesn’t qualify D.wasn’t qualifying 答案　C　[句意：他已經(jīng)被告知由于教育背景的原因而沒(méi)有資格獲得獎(jiǎng)學(xué)金。qualify for sth達(dá)標(biāo)，獲得參賽資格；由于條件不滿足而沒(méi)有資格做某事，是客觀事實(shí)，用一

26、般現(xiàn)在時(shí)。故選C。] 32.Determining where we are________our surroundings remains an essential skill for our survival. A.in contrast to B.in defense of C.in face of D.in relation to 答案　D　[A.in contrast to對(duì)比，截然不同；B.in defense of為……辯護(hù)；C.in face of面對(duì)；D.in relation to與……有關(guān)。句意：根據(jù)周圍的環(huán)境辨別方位仍然是我們生存的一項(xiàng)極其重要的技能。故選D

27、。] 33.—What does the stuff on your T-shirt mean? —It’s nothing.Just something________. A.as clear as day B.off the top of my head C.under my nose D.beyond my wildest dreams 答案　B　[A.as clear as day顯而易見(jiàn)，容易理解；B.off the top of my head沒(méi)有考慮；C.under my nose就在我眼皮底下(都沒(méi)有察覺(jué))；D.beyond my wildest dreams遠(yuǎn)遠(yuǎn)

28、出乎意料，做夢(mèng)都沒(méi)有想到。由句意可知選B。] 34.The disappearance of dinosaurs is not necessarily caused by astronomical incidents.But________explanations are hard to find. A.alternative B.aggressive C.ambiguous D.apparent 答案　A　[A.alternative可供替代的；B.aggressive好斗的，有進(jìn)取心的；C.ambiguous 有野心的，耗時(shí)的；D.apparent顯而易見(jiàn)的。句意：恐龍的消失未

29、必是由天文事件引起的，但是難以找到其他解釋。故選A。] 35.—Going to watch the Women’s Volleyball Match on Wednesday? —________！Will you go with me? A.You there B.You bet C.You got me D.You know better 答案　B　[A.You there說(shuō)你呢(用于引起注意)；B.You bet的確；當(dāng)然；C.You got me你把我問(wèn)住了；D.You know better不至于糊涂到……由“Will you go with me？”可知，“我”會(huì)去

30、看女子排球，答語(yǔ)應(yīng)該是肯定的，故選B。] 21.It is often the case ________ anything is possible for those who hang on to hope. A.why B.what C.as D.that 答案　D　[句意：通常對(duì)于那些心存希望的人來(lái)說(shuō)一切皆有可能。此句中It為形式主語(yǔ)，that從句為真正的主語(yǔ)。故D項(xiàng)正確。] 22.More efforts，as reported，________ in the years ahead to accelerate the supply-side structural

31、 reform. A.are made B.will be made C.are being made D.have been made 答案　B　[本句的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)in the years ahead “在將來(lái)的幾年”和一般將來(lái)時(shí)連用，且efforts與動(dòng)詞make構(gòu)成被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要使用一般將來(lái)時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式，故B項(xiàng)正確。] 23.Many young people，most ________ were well-educated，headed for remote regions to chase their dreams. A.of which B.of them C

32、.of whom D.of those 答案　C　[定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞是Many young people，關(guān)系代詞whom指代先行詞，在定語(yǔ)從句中作介詞of的賓語(yǔ)。故C項(xiàng)正確。] 24.—Can you tell us your ________ for happiness and a long life? —Living every day to the full，definitely. A.recipe B.record C.range D.receipt 答案　A　[recipe秘訣，食譜，藥方；record記錄；range范圍；receipt收據(jù)，收條。根據(jù)句意可

33、知A項(xiàng)“秘訣”符合題意。] 25.He did not ________ easily，but was willing to accept any constructive advice for a worthy cause. A.approach B.wrestle C.compromise D.communicate 答案　C　[approach靠近，接近；wrestle摔跤，斗爭(zhēng)，努力解決；compromise妥協(xié)；和解；讓步；communicate交流，溝通。根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。] 26.________ some people are motivated by a n

34、eed for success，others are motivated by a fear of failure. A.Because B.If C.Unless D.While 答案　D　[because因?yàn)?；if如果；unless除非；while盡管；然而；當(dāng)……時(shí)；根據(jù)句意可知此處表轉(zhuǎn)折，所以使用while “盡管”。故D項(xiàng)正確。] 27.If it ________ for his invitation the other day，I should not be here now. A.had not been B.should not be C.were not

35、to be D.should not have been 答案　A　[句意：如果不是因?yàn)榍皫滋焖难?qǐng)，我現(xiàn)在就不會(huì)在這里了。本句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣。故A項(xiàng)正確。] 28.In art criticism，you must assume the artist has a secret message ________ within the work. A.to hide B.hidden C.hiding D.being hidden 答案　B　[a secret message與動(dòng)詞hide為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以填過(guò)去分詞hidden，分詞短語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句that is hidden w

36、ithin the work。A、C項(xiàng)表示主動(dòng)含義，D項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行，與語(yǔ)境不符。故B項(xiàng)正確。] 29.Dashan，who ________ crosstalk，the Chinese comedic tradition，for decades，wants to mix it up with the Western stand-up tradition. A.will be learning B.is learning C.had been learning D.has been learning 答案　D　[本句強(qiáng)調(diào)這幾十年來(lái)大山一直努力把中國(guó)傳統(tǒng)的相聲和西方的脫口秀結(jié)合。所以

37、使用現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)，強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作的延續(xù)性和反復(fù)性。故D項(xiàng)正確。] 30.Many businesses started up by college students have ________ thanks to the comfortable climate for business creation. A.fallen off B.taken off C.turned off D.left off 答案　B　[fall off跌落，下降；take off起飛，成功，受歡迎；turn off關(guān)閉；leave off停止，中斷；根據(jù)句意可知B項(xiàng)正確。] 31.His comprehe

38、nsive surveys have provided the most ________ statements of how，and on what basis，data are collected. A.explicit B.ambiguous C.original D.arbitrary 答案　A　[explicit明晰的，清楚的；ambiguous模棱兩可的，含糊不清的；original原始的，最初的；arbitrary任意的，專制的。故A項(xiàng)正確。] 32.—Only those who have a lot in common can get along well. —

39、________.Opposites sometimes do attract. A.I hope not B.I think so C.I appreciate that D.I beg to differ 答案　D　[I hope not我可不希望這樣；I think so我認(rèn)為如此；I appreciate that我很感激；I beg to differ恕我不能同意。由答語(yǔ)后句Opposites sometimes do attract.(意見(jiàn)相反的人有時(shí)會(huì)相互吸引。)可知不同意對(duì)方所說(shuō)的話。故D項(xiàng)符合語(yǔ)境。] 33.Parents should actively urge

40、 their children to ________ the opportunity to join sports teams. A.gain admission to B.keep track of C.take advantage of D.give rise to 答案　C　[gain admission to 獲準(zhǔn)進(jìn)入；keep track of記錄；take advantage of利用；give rise to引起；根據(jù)句意可知C項(xiàng)正確。] 34.Not until recently ________ the development of tourist-relate

41、d activities in the rural areas. A.they had encouraged B.had they encouraged C.did they encourage D.they encouraged 答案　C　[句意：直到最近他們才鼓勵(lì)在農(nóng)村地區(qū)開展與旅游業(yè)有關(guān)的活動(dòng)。當(dāng)not until所引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)放在句首時(shí)，主句要使用部分倒裝。故C項(xiàng)正確。] 35.—Jack still can’t help being anxious about his job interview. —Lack of self-confidence is his ________，I am afraid. A.Achilles’ heel B.child’s play C.green fingers D.last straw 答案　A　[Achilles’ heel唯一的致命的弱點(diǎn)；child’s play容易做的事情，輕而易舉的事情；green fingers搞園藝的才能；last straw最后一根稻草。句意：“杰克仍然情不自禁地?fù)?dān)心他的工作面試?！薄翱峙氯狈ψ孕攀撬ㄒ坏娜觞c(diǎn)?！备鶕?jù)句意可知A項(xiàng)正確。] 12