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1、In our everyday lives, if we make some mistakes, we should correct them, and then we are still a good fellow. Chairman Maos words,高考短文改錯解題方略,Contents,高考短文改錯應試策略及答題原則,高考短文改錯命題特征及命題趨勢,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,高考短文改錯真題實戰(zhàn)演練,本題滿分10分，給出一篇約100個單詞的短文，文中有10處錯誤，要求考生對每個句子進行判斷，如有錯誤即將其改正。錯誤類型包括詞法、句法、行文邏輯等方面的錯誤。,,注意答題說明及答題
2、規(guī)范,Introduction,文中共有10處語言錯誤，每句中最多有兩處，每處錯誤僅涉及一個單詞的增加、刪除或修改。 增加 （1-2個） 在缺詞處加一個漏字符號（），并在其下面寫上該加的詞。 刪除 （1-2個） 把多余的詞用斜線（）劃掉。不計分。 修改 （6-8個） 在錯的詞下面劃一橫線，并在該詞下面寫上修改后的詞。 注意：1、每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞。 2、只允許修改10處，多者（叢第11處起）不計分。,注意答題說明及答題規(guī)范,,縱觀近年高考英語短文改錯題，學生和老師都認為難度不大，然而，每年高考中還是有不少考生對此題深感頭痛，主要原因是： 考生的英語基礎知識不扎
3、實. 考生缺乏對短文改錯命題 特點的了解和做題規(guī)律方法的總結.,,Problems,動詞形，名詞數(shù) 還要注意形和副 非謂語，細辨別 介詞短語要牢記,代詞格，細領悟 句子成分多分析 冠詞連詞常光顧 邏輯錯誤須關注,A Limerick,錯誤主要集中在動詞的時態(tài)、語態(tài)，主謂一致等方面。,,【2014遼寧卷】 This morning she starts barking even before 5 o clock. 【2014 浙江卷】 Before long, a train inspector comes to check out tickets.,started,came,短文改錯典型錯詞類
4、型分析歸納,,,動詞形,,【2012全國課標卷】 When I tear apart my fifth birthday toy again, my father said, “Thats it. No more toys for you.” 【2013四川卷】 Good night and remember, you, dear diary, is my only souvenir form my past life and my only friend.,tore,,,are,解決方案 (1) 通讀全文，搞清文中動詞時態(tài)的主旋律 . (2) 結合語境，靈活運用時態(tài)形式 . (3) 認真推敲
5、，準確把握主動與被動 .,,【2014全國課標卷】 Since thenfor all these yearwe have been allowing tomatoes to self-seed where they please.. 【2014遼寧卷】 We have called several time about Cleos early barking.,times,years,名詞愛考數(shù)與格，也要分清可不可,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,,,名詞數(shù),【2013新課標1卷】 He was tall, with broad shoulder and a beard that turned
6、 from black to gray over the years. 【 2013新課標2卷】 When tea got popular in Britain, there was a crying need for good cup with handles to suit British habits. 【2013遼寧卷】 I saw him lying in bed, looking at some of the picture we had taken together.,,pictures,shoulders,cups,,,,,1. 修飾名詞用形容詞； 2. 修飾動詞，形容詞，副詞
7、及整個句子時用副詞； 3. 比較級和最高級的使用。,【2014全國課標卷】 The fruit are small in size, but juicy and taste. 【2014全國課標卷】 We are growing wonderfully tomatoes at no cost.,wonderful,tasty,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,,,還要注意形和副,,【2012陜西卷】 We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. 【2012全國課標卷】 I learned in life that I had to b
8、e more patient and little aggressive..,comfortable,,,less,,【2014遼寧卷】 We are hoping to settle something that bothers to us. 【2014浙江卷】 Dont panic or get out of line, and trying to remain quite and calm.,,主要錯誤為三種：非謂語的混淆；不定式to的遺漏或多用；非謂語與謂語動詞的混淆。,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,非謂語，細辨別,,try,,【2013陜西卷】 Felt hungry, we bui
9、lt a fire by the lake and barbecued the fish. 【2013四川卷】 Suddenly Mary, my best friend, asking me to let her to copy my answers.,Feeling,,,asked,,解決方案 (1) 縱觀全文或全句，明確句中動詞所作的句子成分. (2)系統(tǒng)掌握非謂語動詞的句法功能. (3) 前后聯(lián)系，整體把握 .,,in the need such many people in hurry in a short in Sunday afternoon,,a,,,on
10、,so,介詞多半考搭配,多、漏、誤用想周到,,,介詞、短語要牢記,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,【2014全國課標卷】 As result, the plants are growing everywhere. 【2014遼寧卷】 But we do hope that you can figure a good way of settling the matter. 【2014四川卷】 Today, I am going to talk with what you should do when a fire alarm go off.,,,a,out,about,,,,【2013新課標1卷】
11、 He was tall, with broad shoulders and a beard that turned from black toward gray over the years. 【2013全國新課標2卷】 Interestingly, it had a connection by the British Porcelain industry.,,with/to,into/to,,,【2013遼寧卷】 Every day, he spends too much time with his work. 【2013浙江卷】 To make matters bad, now I ha
12、ve to share a room with my younger sister, Maggie. 【2013遼寧卷】 Yesterday afternoon, I paid visit to Mr. Johnson.,,on,worse,,,a,解決方案 (1)平時的學習中注意積累語言知識，特別是一些固定搭配的記憶 . (2)強化語法訓練，分清連詞，副詞和介詞之間的區(qū)別和句法功能 . (3) 語法知識的記憶和語感的培養(yǎng)結合起來 .,,人稱代詞的性別，單復數(shù)及代詞格的誤用； 物主代詞，反身代詞以及不定代詞的誤用； “it” 一詞的不當使用(包括用于從句中或作形式主語或賓語)
13、； Whose 和whos，its和its的混淆,代詞方面的錯誤主要體現(xiàn)在：,代詞格，須領悟,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,I,me,we,us,you,you,you,you,he,him,she,her,it,it,they,them,,【2012陜西卷】 It is such a great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing. 【2012浙江卷】 I knew they would be worried about myself because I was so far
14、away. 【2013新課標1卷】 He had a deep voice, which set himself apart from others in our small town.,me,mine,,,,him,解決方案 (1) 順藤摸瓜，理清短文中代詞的指代關系，注意聯(lián)系上下文。 (2) 系統(tǒng)掌握it的各種用法 . (3) 準確把握不定代詞在文中的正確使用。,,句法涉及到一致, 從句多考引導詞（誤用，多用或遺漏 ）,【2014遼寧卷】 The early morning barking have been disturbing us as we are often up all
15、 night with the baby.,has,,句子成分多分析,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,,【2014年四川卷】 If you notice that when someone is missing or hurt, tell your teacher immediately. 【2012全國課標卷】 But before long they began to see which was happening.,what,,,,【2012 陜西卷】 What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the
16、 room. 【2013新課標 2卷】 Having tea in the late afternoon provides a bridge between lunch and dinner, that might not be served until 8 oclock at night.,was,which,,,解決方案 （1）不同的句子成分要用不同的詞類； （2）不同的語境要選擇不同的詞語。 （3）只有對句子結構和成分作細致的分析，才能找出用詞不當?shù)腻e誤。,,冠詞在前 “錯” “多” “少”。 ?？嫉腻e誤形式有：冠詞the, a, an 的誤用，多用或少用。,【2014遼寧卷】 Besi
17、des, Cleo tends to bark a average of six hours a day. 【2013四川卷】 The teacher got angry because we had same answers.,an,冠詞、連詞常光顧,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,,,the,,連詞?？?but，and，or, so 等的邏輯錯誤，以及搭配錯誤。,【2014全國課標卷】 Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the same place year after year, but we have never had any dis
18、ease or insect attack problems.,yet/或去掉,,短文改錯典型錯詞類型分析歸納,,【2012 浙江卷】 He worked hard, but it wasnt surprising that he pass the exam. 【2013新課標1卷】 He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in our small town, he was strong and powerful.,and/so,,and,,,【2013遼寧卷】 With little sleep and hardly any
19、break, so he works from morning till night. 【2013浙江卷】 His new job meant I had to say goodbye to my classmates, my school or just everything else I love in the world.,and,,,,【2014遼寧卷】 We appreciate our apologies and goodwill, but we do hope that you can figure out a good way of settling the matter. 【
20、2014四川卷】 If its a false alarm and there is no fire, your teacher will lead us to the classroom.,you,your,,,邏輯錯誤須關注,詞法句法均未錯, 邏輯推理來尋找。主要是句子之間邏輯關系的矛盾，代詞在人稱上的不一致等。,,【2013新課標1卷】 However, he was the gentlest man I have never known. 【2013四川卷】 After thinking for some time, I let her copy my answers. But aft
21、er the test, all of us were called to the teachers office.,ever,both,,,三步,高考短文改錯應試策略及答題原則,通讀全文，把握大意 細讀全文，仔細斟酌 再讀全文, 復核審查,六原則,以在有錯行改動一詞為原則. 以改變實詞形式為原則. 以單詞形式變化最小為原則. 以添加或刪除虛詞為原則. 以多“改正”少“添刪”為原則 以保持原意不變?yōu)樵瓌t,高考短文改錯應試策略及答題原則,四不改,標點符號不改。 大小寫不改。 詞序錯誤不改。 單詞拼寫不改。,高考短文改錯應試策略及答題原則,,My father and I stayed at th
22、e South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection in the room. I checke
23、d my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any friend of me who is going to Beijing.,【2012陜西卷真題】,高考短文改錯真題實戰(zhàn)演練,,My fath
24、er and I stayed at the South Lake Hotel for a week when we visit Beijing last month. It is in the downtown area, but it is easy to go to anywhere from the hotel by public transport. We lived in a comfortably double-room with a big bath. What I liked best were the free high-speed Internet connection
25、in the room.,,,,,,visited,so/and,comfortable,was,【2012陜西卷解析】,,I checked my email messages every day. I also shared for my friends many photos taking in Beijing. The food was wonderful with reasonable prices, and we enjoyed several local dish. It is such great hotel that I would recommend it to any f
26、riend of me who is going to Beijing.,,,,,,with,taken,dishes,a,mine,【2012陜西卷解析】,,Dear Diana, Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind tor you to let us bring Annes friend. Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway
27、 and, for a result, there was a long line of traffic for at least six mile. In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park Gina nearly got knocked over as a car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally dropped Gina off at her
28、parents and made our own way to home.,【2012遼寧卷高考真題】,,Dear Diana, Thank you for the lovely day we have with you. It was so kind for you to let us bring Annes friend. Gina. Unfortunate, the only problem was the journey home. There had been a terrible accident on the highway and, for a result, there w
29、as a long line of traffic for at least six mile.,,,,,,had,of,Unfortunately,as,miles,【2012遼寧卷解析】,,In the end, we drove to a service station and waited there unless the road was clear. In the car park here Gina nearly got knocked over as car drove out far too quickly from behind a lorry. They finally
30、dropped Gina off at her parents and made our own way to home.,,,,,a,,until/till,we,there,【2012遼寧卷解析】,,Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 1 called my parents, so I
31、 did not tell them what had happened. I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the rig
32、ht thing to do.,【2012浙江卷高考真題】,高考短文改錯真題實戰(zhàn)演練,,Two years before, I traveled to Brazil and I rented for a car. Unfortunate, I had an accident and hit another car, and I needed to stay in a hospital for at least two week. 1 called my parents, so I did not tell them what had happened.,,,,,,ago,Unfortunate
33、ly,weeks,but,【2012浙江卷解析】,,I knew that they will be worried about myself because I was so farther away, and that my mother would not sleep if she knew. Therefore, I told them interested stories and how I was enjoying Brazil As a result, nobody knew truth. I still think that it was the right thing to
34、do.,,,,,,would,me,far,interesting,the,【2012浙江卷解析】,短文改錯打油詩,短文改錯要做好，常見類型應記牢。 名詞愛考“數(shù)”與“格”，冠詞在前“錯/多/少”。 動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)，非謂語搭配莫錯了。 連代形副錯一樣，多是故意來混淆。 介詞多半考搭配，多漏誤用想周到。 句法涉及到“一致”，從句多考關系詞。 詞法句法均未錯，邏輯推理去尋找。 “127”慣常比，回讀復查敲定稿。,改錯方式比例： 通常一個多詞，兩個缺詞，七個錯詞,高考書面表達解題方略,Contents,高考書面表達命題特征及評分原則,影響作文分數(shù)之四大因素,高考作文回顧及寫作模板與句式,備考策略,考
35、生應能準確使用語法和詞匯 語言的準確性是寫作中不可忽視的一個重要方面，因為它直接或間接的影響到信息的準確傳輸。應用語法結構和詞匯的準確程度是寫作部分評分標準的一項重要內(nèi)容。 使用一定的句型，詞匯，清楚連貫的表達自己的意思 任何一篇文章都有一個主體，作者應該圍繞該主題，借助一些句型，詞匯的支持，清楚，連貫的表達意思。,,高考考試大綱的說明對寫作所提的要求是：,Introduction,【評分原則】,1、先根據(jù)文章的內(nèi)容和語言初步確定檔次。,第五檔. 2125分 第四檔. 1620分 第三檔. 1115分,第二檔. 610分 第一檔. 15分 0分,語意連貫且結構完整，敘述事情或表達觀點和
36、態(tài)度清晰，語言地道，規(guī)范，書寫工整。,能根據(jù)用文字及圖表提供的信息寫出短文或報告，覆蓋所有內(nèi)容要點,2、 【考綱要點】 ： 內(nèi)容要點； 詞匯和語法的數(shù)量和準確性； 上下文的連貫； 語言的得體性,應用了一定的句型和高級詞匯,段段衘接自然，全文體現(xiàn)總分總，正文層次感強，有效地使用了語句間的連接成分,影響給分的因素之一： 作文的卷面,漂亮的書寫是寫作得分的亮點,Which composition feels more attractive, why?,影響給分的因素之二： 文中所采用的語言材料,人靠衣裝，文靠詞裝,A.詞匯的選擇靈活新穎，出奇制勝；,B.句型結構運用靈活多變;,Pract
37、ice,1. good 2. think 3.clever,perfect excellent outstanding pleasant wonderful favorable magnificent,in ones opinion/view hold the view that it is widely shared that ,wise bright smart intelligent cute,使用精彩句式，增強語句表現(xiàn)力,1.We were glad to see crops and vegetables growing well. _______we were to see crop
38、s and vegetables growing well! 2. Radio broadcasts didnt begin until 1920. It was__________________________________________. 3.He never speaks about his own family. Never__________________________________________. 4.A notice is saying ”Please Save Water” on the wall. On the wall_____________________
39、_________________. 5.Though he is a child, he knows a lot. ___________________________________.,How glad,not until 1920 that radio broadcasts began,does he speak about his own family,is a notice saying ”Please Save Water”,Child though/as he is, he knows a lot,影響給分的因素之三： 行文的流暢,上下貫通、一氣呵成 正確而巧妙地使用好連接詞,
40、1.表遞進 .表轉折 .表因果 .表目的 .表歸納,and,then,also,besides,morever,whats more furthermore,in addition,more than that...,but,however,although,though,in spite of,despite ，after all,on the contrary,on the other hand...,because,since,therefore,so,hence,thus,consequently ，as a result/consequence,on account of...,in
41、 order that,so that,for the purpose of...,in general,in brief,in short,in conclusion, in a word,on the whole...,表示平行、對等或選擇關系 and，bothand, as well as, together with, neithernor, also, not onlybut also, eitheror, as well. 表示時間、順序關系 shortly afterwards, next, finally, in the end, eventually 表示遞進、強調(diào)關系 be
42、sides, furthermore (此外), whats more, worse still, in addition, moreover (而且), to make matters worse, indeed, certainly, surely, above all 表示解釋、說明關系 namely (也就是), actually, such as, for example, for instance, that is to say, in other words, and so on, to tell you the truth, according to this,影響給分的因素之
43、四： 文章錯誤的避免,錯誤百出，讓閱卷老師慘不忍 “讀”,Feeling,Last Sunday,,went shopping,fish,,fruit,got home,,fish,and,swept,,mopped,surprised,and,felt,but,was,小結： 1. 作文的卷面； -----整潔的卷面 2. 文章的語言； -----豐富的詞匯 3. 行文的流暢； -----流暢的結構 4. 文章的準確； -----最少的錯誤,,,整體三部分,,Heading 點題（開門見山）；一兩個句子（一定得是好句子）；概括性；暗示性 2. Body 中心記述部分；層次分明 3. Endi
44、ng 小結；呼應主題,寫作技巧與策略,書面表達如何寫？,五個步驟,,1、審題,題材、人稱、時態(tài)、要點,2、以詞及點：用一兩個單詞或短語寫出每句 話的細節(jié)要點。,3、聯(lián)詞成句：用聯(lián)詞成句的方法將上述要點 的詞語擴展成句子。,4 聯(lián)句成文：,注意：,,主語和謂語,背景（適當增加時間、地點條件等）,邏輯關系,開頭與結尾 語篇銜接,5、檢查修改，規(guī)范抄寫,詞匯反映你知識貯存量的多少，也是衡量英語水平的一個重要標志。,運用得當?shù)木渥咏Y構可以給文章增色不少，從而使整篇文章因此而生輝 。,使用恰當連接詞，對寫一篇有“英語味”的文章很重要，能使文章上下銜接自然、緊湊。,,,,,復合句（名詞從句、定語
45、 從句、狀語從句等）,感嘆句、倒裝句,句型的使用,高分技巧,高考作文回顧,(2014年全國卷)假定你是李華，計劃暑假間去英國學習英語，為期六周。下面的廣告引起了你的注意，請給該校寫封信，詢問有關情況（箭頭所指內(nèi)容） 注意：1詞數(shù)100左右； 2可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 3參考詞匯：住宿 accommodation,Dear Sir/ Madam, I am a student in China and I plan to go to Britain to attend a summer school during the vacation. Ive seen your
46、ad, and Id like to know something more about your six-week English course. First when will the course start and how many class hours are there per week? Besides, I wish there would not be too many students in a class. Id also like to know how much I have to pay for the course and whether accommodati
47、on is included? Would there be host family or university dormitory? I am looking forward to your early reply. Yours faithfully, Li Hua,（2013年全國卷） 假定你是李華。請給筆友Peter寫封信，告訴他你叔叔李明將去它所在城市去開會，帶去他想要的那幅中國畫，同時詢問他是否可以接機。信中還需說明： 李明：高個子，戴眼鏡 航班號：CA985 到達：8月6日上午11:30分 說明：1.詞數(shù)100左右。
48、 2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫。 3.開頭語和結束語已為你寫好。,Dear Peter, How are you doing? Im writing to tell you that my uncle Li Ming is going to your city for a conference and Ive asked him to bring you a Chinese painting youve asked before. Also, Id like you to do me favor. Would you please meet my uncle at the air
49、port and take him to his hotel since this is his first visit to the U.S.? Thank you in advance! His light number is CA985 and it will arrive at 11:30 am August 6. My uncle is tall and he is wearing glasses. And he will be in a blue jacket. Looking forward to your reply. Yours,
50、 Li Hua,（2012年全國卷） 假定你是李華，從互聯(lián)網(wǎng)上得知一個國際中學生組織將在新加坡((Singapore)舉辦夏令營，歡迎各國學生參加。請寫一封電子郵件申請參加。 內(nèi)容主要包括: I.自我介紹(包括英語能力); 2.參加意圖(介紹中國、了解其他國家); 3.希望獲準. 注意: 1.詞數(shù)100左右: 2.可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫; 3.郵件開頭和結尾已為你寫好。,Dear Sir or Madam, Im Li Hua, a middle school student from China. I read the ann
51、ouncement of the summer camp that you have posted on the Internet and I am interested in it. I know that you welcome students from different countries and Id like to take part in it. Ive been learning English for10 years, and I speak fluent English. What is more, Ill be able to tell students from ot
52、her countries about China and learn about their countries as well. I hope I will be accepted as a member of your summer camp. Looking forward to your reply! Li Hua,(2011年全國卷) 假定你是李華，正在一所英國學校學習暑期課程，遇到一些困難，希望得到學校輔導中心(Learning Center)的幫助。根據(jù)學校規(guī)定，你需書面預約，請按下列要點寫一封信： 1本人簡介： 2求助內(nèi)容
53、； 3約定時間； 4. 你的聯(lián)系方式(Email：lihua1236 com； Phone：12345678)。 注意： 1詞數(shù)l00左右； 2可以適當增加細節(jié)，以使行文連貫； 3結束語已為你寫好。,Dear Sir / Madam: Im Li Hua, a Chinese student taking summer courses in your university. Im writing to ask for help.I came here last month and found my courses interesting. But I h
54、ave some difficulties with note-taking and I have no idea of how to use the library. I was told the Learning Center provides help for students and Im anxious to get help from you. I have no class on Tuesday mornings and Friday afternoons. Please let me know which day is OK with you. You may email or
55、 phone me. Here are my email address and phone number: lihua ; 12345678. Looking forward to your reply! Yours, Lihua,(2010年全國卷) 假設你是育才中學學生會主席李華。你校將舉辦一次英語演講比賽（speech contest），希望附近某大學的外籍教師Smith女士來做評委。請參照以下比賽通知給她寫一封信。 英語演講比賽主題：人與自然 時間：6月15日下午2：005：00 地點：501教室 參賽選手：1
56、0名學生 聯(lián)系人：李華（電話44876655） 歡迎大家光臨 注意：詞數(shù)100左右。,Dear Ms. Smith, Im Li Hua, Chair of the Student Union of Yucai Middle School, which is close to your university. Im writing to invite you to be a judge at our English speech contest to be held in our school on June 15. It will start at 2:00 pm and last for
57、 about three hours. Ten students will deliver their speeches on the given topic “Man and Nature”. We hope that you will accept our invitation if it is convenient for you. Please call me at 448876655 if you have any questions. I am looking forward to your reply. With best wishes! Li Hua,寫作模板及句式,請參見Word 部分,
英語專題之短文改錯與書面表達(修改).ppt
