現(xiàn)代大學(xué)英語(yǔ)精讀5 課后問(wèn)題詳解

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1、word Lesson 1 Vocabulary? 1. Manhood:the?state?of?being?human? 2. White lie:harmless?or?trivial?lie，esp．one?told?in?order?to?avoid?hurting?sb．? 3. black sheep：person regarded as a disgrace or a failure by other members of his family or group 4. To upset:to?defeat? 5. Affirmation:stating?st

2、h．a(chǎn)s?truth?firmly?and?forcefully? 6. To strain: to?make?the?greatest?possible?effort? 7. Off base: mistaken? 8. (a) want (of) : lack?of? 9. Ringing cry: rallying?call? Paragraph 1. The job of arousing manhood within a people that have been taught for so many centuries that they are nobody

3、 is not easy. It is no easy job to educate a people who have been told over centuries that they were inferior and of no importance to see that they are humans, the same as any other people. 2. Psychological freedom, a firm sense of self-esteem, is the most powerful weapon against the long night of

4、 physical slavery. If you break the mental shackles imposed on you by white supremacists, if you really respect yourself, thinking that you are a Man, equal to anyone else, you will be able to take part in the struggle against racial discrimination. 3. The Negro will only be free when he reaches d

5、own to the inner depths of his own being and signs with the pen and ink of assertive manhood his own emancipation proclamation. The liberation of mind can only be achieved by the Negro himself/herself. Only when a negro is fully convinced that he/she is a Man/Woman and is not inferior to anyone els

6、e, can he/she throw off the manacles of self-abnegation and bee free. 4. Power at its best is love implementing the demands of justice, and justice at its best is power correcting everything that stands against love. Power in its best form of function is the carrying out of the demands of justice

7、with love and justice in the best form of function is the overing of everything standing in the way of love with power. 5. At that time economic status was considered the measure of the individual’s ability and talents. At that time, the way to evaluate how capable and resourceful a person was to

8、see how much money he had made (or how wealthy he was). 6. …the absence of worldly goods indicated a want of industrious habits and moral fiber. A person was poor because he was lazy and not hard-working and lacked a sense of right and wrong. 7. It is not the work of slaves driven to their tasks

9、either by the task, by the taskmaster, or by animal necessity. This kind of work cannot be done by slaves who work because the work has to be done, because they are forced to work by slave-drivers or because they need to work in order to be fed and clothed. 8. …when the unjust measurement of human

10、 worth on the scale of dollars is eliminated. …when the unfair practice of judhing human value by the amount of money a person has irs done away with. 9. He who hates does not know God, but he who has love has the key that unlocks the door to the meaning of ultimate reality. Those who harbor hate

11、 in their hearts cannot grasp the teachings of God. Only those who have love can enjoy the ultimate happiness in Heaven. 10. Let us be dissatisfied until America will no longer have a high blood pressure of creeds and an anemia of deeds. Let us be dissatisfied until America no longer only talk abo

12、ut racial equality but is unwilling or reluctant to take action to end such evil practice as racial discrimination. Translation 1. A white lie is better than a black lie. 一個(gè)無(wú)關(guān)緊要的謊言總比一個(gè)惡意的謊言要好。 2. To upset this cultural homicide,the Negro must rise up with an affirmation of his own Olympian man

13、hood. 為了挫敗各種蓄意培植的低人一等的心態(tài)，黑人必須直起腰來(lái)宣布自己高貴的人格。 3. ... with a spirit staining toward true self-esteem, the Negro must boldly throw off the manacles of self-abnegation... 黑人必須以一種竭盡全力自尊自重的精神，大膽拋棄自我抑制的枷鎖。 4. What is needed is a realization that power without love is reckless and abusive, and love witho

14、ut power is sentimental and anemic. 必須懂得沒(méi)有愛(ài)的權(quán)力是毫無(wú)節(jié)制、易被濫用的，而沒(méi)有權(quán)力的愛(ài)如此是多愁善感、脆弱無(wú)力的。 5. It is precisely this collision of immoral power with powerless morality which constitutes the major crisis of our times. 正是這種邪惡的權(quán)力和沒(méi)有權(quán)勢(shì)的道義的沖突構(gòu)成了我們時(shí)代的主要危機(jī)。 6. Now early in this century this proposal would have been

15、 greeted with ridicule and denunciation, as destructive of initiative and responsibility. 在本世紀(jì)之初，這種建議會(huì)受到嘲笑和譴責(zé)，認(rèn)為它對(duì)主動(dòng)性和責(zé)任感起負(fù)面作用 7. The fact is that the work which improves the condition of mankind, the work which extends knowledge and increases power and enriches literature and elevates thought, is

16、 not done to secure a living. 事實(shí)上，人們從事改善人類處境的工作，從事傳播知識(shí)、增強(qiáng)實(shí)力、豐富文學(xué)財(cái)富以與升華思想的工作并不是為了謀生。 8. ... it can spend billions of dollars to put God's children on their own two feet right here on earth. ......它能夠花費(fèi)幾十億美元幫助上帝的孩子自立于這個(gè)世界。 9. Furthermore, few if any violent revolutions have been successful unless

17、the violent minority had the sympathy and support of the nonresistant majority. 除非主X暴力的少數(shù)人得到大多數(shù)人的同情與支持，不和他們對(duì)抗，否如此，暴力革命很少或者說(shuō)幾乎沒(méi)有成功的。 10. Let us realize the arc of the moral universe is long but it bends towards justice. 我們要懂得道義的蒼穹長(zhǎng)又長(zhǎng)，但它終將落向正義。 讓這一信念成為我們的戰(zhàn)斗口號(hào)。它將給我們勇氣以面對(duì)無(wú)法預(yù)見(jiàn)的未來(lái)，它將給我們疲憊的雙腳以新的力量，向著自由

18、大城大踏步繼續(xù)我們的征程。當(dāng)絕望的陰云密布，我們的日子變得陰郁無(wú)望時(shí)，當(dāng)我們的夜晚變得比1000個(gè)深夜還黑暗時(shí)，讓我們記住宇宙之間有一種創(chuàng)造力，能把黑暗的昨天變成光輝燦爛的明天。讓我們銘記道德的蒼穹長(zhǎng)又長(zhǎng)，但它終將落向正義。 Lesson two Vocabulary? 1.ballerina: a woman ballet dancer 2.dial: control panel/buttons on the TV set 3.to entrance: to be interested in 4.to mwamweize:to fascinate 5.To keep t

19、ime:to use the right rhythm and speed 6.Reverie:imagination 7.debut:a first show in public 8.to twirl:to turn round and round 9.to prance: to move with high steps 10. Jumble:untidy mixture 11.Repeat: sign at the end of line in music indicating a parts to be repeated 12. To anchor:to fasten, c

20、an not move 13.fiasco:plete failure 14.recital:performance 15.tuner: the man who adjusts the strings of a musical instrument 16.moth-proof: treated chemically so as to resist the attacks from moths Paragraph 1. I pictured this prodigy part of me as many different images, trying each one on

21、for size. I imagined myself being different types of prodigy, trying to find out which type would best suit me. 2. I had new thoughts, willful thoughts, or rather thoughts filled with lots of won’ts. Some new thoughts came to my mind, thoughts that I deliberately wanted to be disobedient, or to

22、be more exact, thoughts that I would say lots of “I won’t …〞 to my mother. 3. The girl had a sauciness of a Shirley Temple. The girl was somewhat like Shirley Temple, a bit rude, but in an amusing way. 4. It felt like worms and toads and slimy things crawling out of my chest, but it also felt go

23、od, as if this awful side of me had surfaced, at last. While saying these, I was scared as if some very unpleasant, horrible things had got out of my chest; but at the same time, I felt a bit delighted for I was finally able to make this awful part of me known to my mother. 5. And I could sense h

24、er anger rising to its breaking point, I wanted to see it spill over. And I could feel that her anger was ing to the point where her endurance and self-control would collapse, but I wanted to see what exactly she would do when that happened. 6. The lid to the piano was closed, shutting out the du

25、st, my misery, and her dreams. When the lid to the piano was closed, it not only shut out the dust but also put an end to my misery and my mother’s dreams as well. Translation: A. Phrases 1. with almost no money down (Para. 1) 幾乎不用首付現(xiàn)款 2. the raised hopes and failed expectations (Para. 18) 過(guò)

26、高的希望和達(dá)不到的期盼 3. shorting out (Para. 21) 短路 4. the showpiece of our living room (Para. 47) 我家起居室的唯一擺設(shè)〔陳列品〕 5. stiff-lipped smile (Para. 51) 不自然的微笑 6. frighteningly strong (Para. 70) 力氣大得嚇人 7. follow their own mind (Para. 72) 自行其事 B. Sentences 1. Instead of getting big fat curls, I emerged

27、with an uneven mass of crinkly black fuzz.(Para. 6) 我的頭發(fā)沒(méi)有做出我要的大卷花，而是 給我弄成一頭亂蓬蓬的黑色小卷毛。 2. She checked to see if that was possibly one way to pronounce "Helsinki" before showing me the answer. (Para. 15) 在她告訴我答案前，她對(duì)了對(duì)手中的雜志，看看赫爾辛基是否能這樣發(fā)音。 3. She seemed entranced by the music, a little frenzied p

28、iano piece with this mesmerizing quality, sort of quick passages and then teasing lilting ones before it returned to the quick playful parts. (Para. 22) 她似乎被這音樂(lè)吸引住了。這鋼琴曲不 長(zhǎng)，但有點(diǎn)狂亂，有著迷人的特點(diǎn)，樂(lè)曲一開(kāi)始是快節(jié)奏的接著是歡快跳動(dòng)的 節(jié)拍，然后又回到嬉戲的局部。 4. If she had as much talent as she hastemper, she would be famous now. (Pa

29、ra. 33) 如果她的才氣和脾氣一樣大的話，她早 就知名了。 5. The part I liked to practice best was the fancy curtsy: right foot out, touch the rose on the carpet with a pointed foot, sweep to the side, left leg bends, look up and smile.(Para. 49) 我最喜歡練習(xí)的局部是花哨的謝幕行禮 動(dòng)作：先出右腳，腳尖點(diǎn)在地毯上的玫 瑰圖案上，身子側(cè)擺，左腿彎曲，抬頭， 微笑。 6. A chill s

30、tarted at the top of my head and began to trickle down. Yet I couldn’t stop playing, as though my hands were bewitched. I kept thinking my fingers would adjust themselves back, like a train switching to the right track. (Para. 52) 一股涼氣從頭頂開(kāi)始，然后一點(diǎn)點(diǎn)傳到全身。但我卻不能停止演奏，雙手好似 著了魔似的。我不停地想，我的手指會(huì)調(diào)整好，就像火車會(huì)被扳到正確的

31、軌道 上。 7. ... and her face went blank, her mouth closed, her arms went slack, and she backed out of the room, stunned, as if she were blowing away like a small brown leaf, thin, brittle, lifeless. (Para. 76) 她的臉部失去了表情，嘴巴緊閉，雙臂 無(wú)力地垂下。她退出了房間，神色驚異， 好似一小片枯黃的樹(shù)葉被風(fēng)吹走那樣單 薄、脆弱、毫無(wú)生氣。 8. And for the first ti

32、me, or so it seemed, I noticed the piece on the right-hand side. It was called "Perfectly Contented". I tried to play this one as well. It had a lighter melody but the same flowing rhythm and turned out to be quite easy. "Pleading Child" was shorter but slower; "Perfectly Contented" was longer, but

33、faster. And after I played them both a few times, I realized they were two halves of the same song. (Para. 93) 我第一次，或好似感覺(jué)是第一次，注意 到右邊的樂(lè)曲。它的名稱是“心滿意足〞。我也試著彈這首曲子。它的曲調(diào)比擬輕 松，但節(jié)奏同樣流暢，不是很難?！捌?求的孩子〞較短、較慢，而“心滿意足〞 更長(zhǎng)、更快一些。在我彈了幾遍后，我 意識(shí)到，原來(lái)這兩個(gè)曲子是同一首歌的 兩個(gè)組成局部。 Lesson three Vocabulary? 1. in?the?throes?of

34、: in?the?act?of?struggling?with? 2. Dynamic: a?force?producing?motion?or?change? 3. Agenda: program?of?things?to?be?done? 4. (be) Shot?through: have?a?lot?of?, as?if?full?of?holes?after?a?shotgun?blast? 5. Critical?mass: a?large?number?of?young?people?who?are?decisive? 6. To?hang?out:?to?spend?

35、much?of??one's?time?;frequent? 7. To?take?(sb) in?hand:to?control?someone, as?to?show?him?how?to?behave?or?act? 8. Pocket:an?isolated?area?of?a?specified?type? 9. To?catch:to?bee?popular? 10. Plunging:extending?far?down?in?a?revealing?way? Paraphrase 1. Yet globalization…“is a reality, not a

36、 choice〞. (Para. 2) However, as one report said, globalization “is now an ordinary fact of life, not something one can choose to have or not.〞 2. Popular factions sprout to exploit nationalist anxieties. (Para. 5) Political groups favored by the general public have appeared in large numbers to ta

37、ke advantage of existing worries and uneasiness among the people about foreign “cultural assault.〞 3. …where xenophobia and economic ambition have often struggled for the upper hand. (Para. 5) ...where the two trends — the dislike and fear of things foreign and the desire to build China into one o

38、f a powerful, industrialized economy — have often contended with each other for dominance. 4. Those people out there should continue to live in a museum while we will have showers hat work. (Para. 6) Those people in countries like China should continue to live a backward life while we ourselve

39、s will enjoy a fortable life with all modern facilities. 5. Westernization… is a phenomenon shot through with inconsistencies and populated by very strange bedfellows. (Para. 7) Westernization is a concept full of self-contradictions and held by people of very different backgrounds and views. 6

40、. You don’t have to be cool to do it; you just have to have the eye. (Para. 10) You don’t have to look fashionable or attractive in order to find out what will be the future trend; you only need to be observant and able to make judgments about it. 7. He…was up in the cybersphere far above the le

41、vel of time zones. (Para. 19) He was playing the game on the Internet with people living in different parts of the world, an activity that goes far beyond the limit of time zones. 8. In the first two weeks of business the Gucci Store took in a surprising $100,000. (Para. 22) In the first two we

42、eks after starting business in Shanghai, the Gucci Store made as much as $100,000, a surprisingly large amount ofmoney. 9. Early on I realized that I was going to need some type of pass to guide me through the wilds of global culture. (Para. 29) Early before that / From the very beginning I re

43、alized I was going to need some guidance that would lead me through the rich and wide variety of global cultures. 10. The penitence may have been Jewish, but the aspiration was universal. (Para. 39) The way of expressing / showing repentance may have been characteristic of the Jews, but the de

44、sire for forgiveness from God was mon to people of all cultures. Translation Today we are in the throes of a worldwide reformation of cultures, a tectonic shift of habits and dreams called, in the curious vocabulary of social scientists, “globalization〞. 今天我們正經(jīng)歷著一種世界X圍的文化巨變的陣痛, 一種習(xí)俗與追求的結(jié)構(gòu)性的變化;

45、 這種變化, 用社會(huì)學(xué)家們的奇特詞匯來(lái)稱呼, 就叫做“全球化〞。 Whatever their backgrounds or agendas, these critics are convinced that Western — often equated with American— influences will flatten every cultural crease, producing, as one observer terms it, one big “McWorld〞. 不管其背景或綱領(lǐng)如何, 這些對(duì)全球化持批評(píng)態(tài)度的人都相信, 西方的影響 — 經(jīng)常等同于美國(guó)的影響 —

46、會(huì)使所有不同的文化都喪失其獨(dú)特性, 從而產(chǎn)生出一種就像一位觀察家所說(shuō)的 “麥當(dāng)勞世界〞。 But I also discovered that cultures are as resourceful, resilient, and unpredictable as the people who pose them. 而我同時(shí)也發(fā)現(xiàn), 文化, 就像創(chuàng)造文化的民族一樣, 善于隨機(jī)應(yīng)變 / 具有應(yīng)變能力, 富有彈性, 而且不可預(yù)測(cè)。 It’s really hard to be original these days, so the easiest way to e up with new s

47、tuff is to mix things that already exist. 如今想要?jiǎng)?chuàng)新極為困難, 因此最容易的方法就是把現(xiàn)存的東西糅合在一起, 弄出個(gè)新玩意來(lái)。 The Cosmopolitan, plunging necklines and all, is read by 260,000 Chinese women every month. (Para. 20) 每個(gè)月, 有26萬(wàn)中國(guó)女性在閱讀(美國(guó)的)《時(shí)尚》雜志, 里面有那些開(kāi)領(lǐng)低胸服裝的畫(huà)頁(yè)和其他內(nèi)容。 The lights went out, and for a moment the only sound in

48、the darkness was the whirring of an expensive camera on auto-rewind. (Para. 27) 燈光熄滅了, 有那么一陣子, 黑暗中所能聽(tīng)到的只有一部昂貴的相機(jī)自動(dòng)倒片時(shí)發(fā)出的聲音。 They received a lot from local cultures, but they also kept their own identity. (Para. 38) 他們從當(dāng)?shù)氐奈幕屑橙×撕芏鄸|西, 但也保存了他們自己的本色。 Linking is humanity’s natural impulse, its mon de

49、stiny. (Para. 40) 相互聯(lián)系是人類自然的欲望, 是人類共同的命運(yùn)。 They are the powerful cords of the heart. (Para. 40) 這些聯(lián)系是連接人們心靈的強(qiáng)有力的紐帶。 Lesson four Vocabulary? 1.?Stage: the?theater,?drama,?or?acting?as?a?profession? 2.?Reputable: in?a?good?repute;?having?a?good?reputation;?well-thought-of;?respectable? 3.?

50、Phantom: ghostly?image?or?figure;?ghost? 4.?Angel: a messenger of God; a person regarded as being as beautiful, good, innocent, etc. as an angel, esp. Said of women or children. 5.?Draught: a?current?of?air?in?a?room? 6.?Art: 1?)?ability,?skill?or?application?of?a?skill;??2) (pl) sly, cunning tr

51、icks fine skill or aptitude in creating or expressing what is beautiful, sep. in visual form 7.?Credit: praise;?approval?for?an?act;?ability?or?a?quality? 8. Proceeds: (pl) the money or profit derived from a sale, business venture, etc. 9.?To induce: (fml)?to?cause?a?particular?physical?conditio

52、n? 10.?To nose: to?look?closely?and?inquisitively? 11.?Trance: a state in which you behave as if you were asleep but are still able to hear and understand what is said to you, similar to the unconscious state. 12.?Nominally: in?name?only? Paraphrase 1. Pianos and models, Paris, Vienna and Ber

53、lin, masters and mistresses, are not needed by a writer. (Para. 1) Unlike a pianist or a painter who must have a piano or hire models, or visit famous cities like Paris, Vienna and Berlin, or be taught by masters and mistresses, a writer does not need all this. 2. She would have plucked the hea

54、rt out of my writing. (Para. 3) Those conventional attitudes and beliefs (represented by the Angel) would have taken away the essence / soul of my writing. 3. Thus, whenever I felt the shadow of her wing or the radiance of her halo upon my page, I took up the inkpot and flung it at her. (Para. 3)

55、 Thus, whenever I felt the influence of traditional Victorian values and attitudes (about gender roles) on my writing, I fought back with all my power. 4. For though men sensibly allow themselves great freedom in these respects, I doubt that they realize or can control the extreme severity with

56、which they condemn such freedom in women. (Para. 5) This is because, even though men readily allow themselves full freedom in speaking or writing about such as the body and passions, I don’t think they realize how severely they condemn, or can control their extremely severe condemnation of, such fr

57、eedom in women. 5. Indeed it will be a long time still, I think, before a woman can sit down to write a book without finding a phantom to be slain, a rock to be dashed against. (Para. 6) No doubt, it will still take a long time, as I believe, before women are finally able to enjoy the freedom o

58、f writing without having to fight those conventional values, beliefs and prejudices that are unfavorable to them. 6. Even when the path is nominally open — when there is nothing to prevent a woman from being a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant — there are many phantoms and obstacles, as I beli

59、eve, looming in her way. (Para. 7) Even though the path is now open to women in name only, when they have the freedom to choose to be a doctor, a lawyer, a civil servant, I believe that there still exist many false ideas and obstacles to impede a woman’s progress. 7. You have won rooms of your own

60、 in the house hitherto exclusively owned by men. (Para. 7) By fighting against the Angel in the House and through your painstaking efforts, you have gained a position and some freedom in a society which has so far been dominated by men. Translation: A. Phrases 1. Regulating my steps 指導(dǎo)我向前走 2

61、. The family purse 家庭財(cái)力/經(jīng)濟(jì) 3. Caught her by the throat 扼住她的喉嚨 4. In the depths of our unconscious being 在無(wú)意識(shí)的最深層 5. To speak without the figure 不用修辭手段、直截了當(dāng)?shù)卣f(shuō) 6. The extreme conventionality of the other sex 男性極端的因循守舊 7. Upon what terms 以什么為條件/在什么樣的條件下 B. Sentences 1. It was she who used to e

62、 between me and my paper when I was writing reviews. 就是她，在我寫(xiě)評(píng)論時(shí)，總是在我和我的寫(xiě)作之間制造麻煩。 2. I now record the one act for which I take some credit to myself, though the credit rightly belongs to some excellent ancestors of mine who left me a certain sum of money—shall we say five hundred pounds a year—so t

63、hat it was not necessary for me to depend solely on charm for my living. 下面我要說(shuō)說(shuō)多少是我自己決定做的一件事情，當(dāng)然做此事的功勞主要還應(yīng)歸功于我的了不起的祖先，是他們給我留下了一筆財(cái)產(chǎn)——比如說(shuō)每年五百英鎊吧——這樣我就不必完全靠女人的魅力去謀生了。 3. I do not believe that anybody can know until she has expressed herself in all the arts and professions open to human skill. 我相信，只有

64、婦女在人類知識(shí)所設(shè)計(jì)的全部藝術(shù)和專業(yè)領(lǐng)域中用創(chuàng)造形式表達(dá)自己的情感后，她們才能知道什么是婦女。 4. He wants to see the same faces…so that nothing may disturb or disquiet the mysterious nosings about, feelings around, darts, dashes and sudden discoveries of that very shy and illusive spirit, the imagination. 他希望在他寫(xiě)作時(shí)，他每天見(jiàn)的人，讀的書(shū)，做的事都是一樣的，這樣任何事物都不

65、會(huì)打破他生活的幻想，也不會(huì)攪亂他的四處探求以與對(duì)那令人難以捉摸的東西——想象力的突然發(fā)現(xiàn)。 5. Be that as it may, I want you to imagine me writing a novel in a state of trance. 盡管如此，我請(qǐng)你想象我在迷睡的狀態(tài)中寫(xiě)小說(shuō)。 6. The consciousness of what men will say of a woman who speaks the truth about her passions had roused her from her artist’s state of unconsci

66、ousness. 她意識(shí)到男人們會(huì)如何議論一個(gè)敢講有關(guān)激情真話的女人，這使她從藝術(shù)家的無(wú)意識(shí)狀態(tài)中驚醒了。 7. Inwardly, I think, the case is very different; she has still many ghosts to fight, many prejudices to overe. 從內(nèi)心精神方面看，情況頗為不同。婦女還要與許多鬼怪展開(kāi)斗爭(zhēng)，還有許多偏見(jiàn)需要去抑制。 8. To discuss and define them is I think of great value and importance; for thus only can the labor be shared, the difficulties be solved. 議論和界定這些障礙是十分重要的， 因?yàn)橹挥腥绱宋覀儾拍芄餐σ种评щy。 9. Those aims cannot be taken for granted; they must be perpetually questioned and examined. 那些目的是什么，對(duì)這個(gè)問(wèn)題我們