管理學(xué)習(xí)題4

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Management, 11e (Robbins/Coulter) Chapter 4 Managing Diversity 1) Workplace diversity refers exclusively to the differences between employee characteristics. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 2) The concept of workforce diversity expanded from compliance to an issue of business survival during the early 1980s. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 3) Demographic characteristics such as differences in age, gender, race, etc. reflect surface-level diversity among employees. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 100 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 4) Deep-level diversity refers to easily perceived differences that may trigger certain stereotypes, but that do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 100 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 5) One of the strategic benefits of workplace diversity is that it can be viewed as moral and ethical, as well as the "right" thing to do. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 100 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 6) Recent research indicates that people management benefits might be hard to come by in teams performing more interdependent tasks over a long period of time. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 101 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 7) An important impact that workplace diversity has on organizational performance is through the increase in employee turnover. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 101 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 8) According to projections of the U.S. population, the ethnic groups that will exhibit the maximum change are the Hispanic and African American populations. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 102 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 9) The main reason for the predicted stabilization of world population growth by 2050 is the decline in birthrates as nations advance economically. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 104 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 10) People aged 65 and older are expected to soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 104 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 11) Worldwide population trends indicate that we will witness dwindling labor supply and increasing total global savings rates. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 105 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 12) Employers generally tend to view older workers as not being flexible or adaptable and being more resistant to new technology. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 105 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 13) Women and men now each make up almost half of the workforce in the U.S. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 106 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 14) Research indicates that men tend to prefer jobs that encourage work-life balance more than women do. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 106 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 15) Men are found to follow a nurturing, inclusive, and collaborative style of leadership, in contrast to women. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 106 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 16) In the job setting, African Americans are found to receive lower job performance ratings, be paid less, and promoted less frequently than their White counterparts. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 107 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 17) Employers are justified if they do not hire workers with disabilities as they lack job skills and experience necessary to perform as well as their abled counterparts. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 108 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 18) U.S. federal law does not prohibit discrimination against employees on the basis of sexual orientation. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 109 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 19) Men are more likely than women to start out in an entry-level position, even when they have the same educational qualifications. Answer: FALSE Page Ref: 112 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 4 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 20) Our human nature is to not accept or approach anything thats different from us. Answer: TRUE Page Ref: 115 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 5 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 21) The ways in which people in an organization are different from and similar to one another is known as ________. A) business etiquette B) work culture C) workplace diversity D) organizational democracy Answer: C Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Leaders, and What is Leadership? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 22) According to the Society for Human Resource Management, diversity ________. A) is the collective strength of experiences, skills, talents, perspectives, and cultures that each agent and employee brings to his/her organization B) refers to the ways in which people in an organization are different from and similar to one another C) is an array of physical and cultural differences that constitute the spectrum of human differences D) is often used to refer to differences based on ethnicity, gender, age, religion, disability, national origin, and sexual orientation Answer: D Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 23) The period of time between the 1960s to 1970s focused on ________. A) assimilating minorities and women into the corporate setting B) making employees more aware and sensitive to the needs and differences of others C) diversity and inclusion for business success, profitability, and growth D) complying with laws and regulations through affirmative action policies and programs Answer: D Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 24) During which era was the term "workforce diversity" first used? A) new millenium B) late 1980s C) 1960s to 1970s D) early 1980s Answer: B Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 25) Which of the following was a feature of the period from the late 1980s to the late 1990s in terms of workplace diversity? A) shifting from compliance and focusing only on women and minorities to including everyone B) focusing on complying with laws and regulations, such as Title VII of the Civil Rights Act C) seeing workplace diversity as a core business issue, important to achieve business success, profitability, and growth D) developing corporate programs to help improve self-confidence and qualifications of diverse individuals so they can "fit in" Answer: A Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 26) In terms of workplace diversity, the New Millenium has witnessed increased focus on ________. A) complying with laws and regulations laid down by the Equal Employment Opportunity Commission B) assimilating minorities and women employees into the corporate setting C) shifting from compliance to include everyone in diversification efforts D) diversity and inclusion for business success, profitability, and growth Answer: D Page Ref: 99 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 27) Jeff is an employee with the accounting department at a major shipping service provider in Texas. Soon after he joined following his graduation, his company developed corporate programs to help improve self-confidence and qualifications of diverse employees so they could "fit in." During which period of time did Jeff start working for his employers? A) New millenium B) 1960s to 1970s C) Early 1980s D) Late 1980s to late 1990s Answer: C Page Ref: 99 AACSB: Analytic Skills Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Application 28) Which of the following demographic characteristics reflects surface-level diversity? A) differences in values B) ethnicity C) personality D) work preferences Answer: B Page Ref: 100 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 29) Differences arising from which of the following factors becomes more important to people as they get to know each other? A) gender B) ethnicity C) race D) personality Answer: D Page Ref: 100 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 30) Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is categorized as strategic? A) better use of talent B) improved system flexibility C) potential to improve market share D) reduced costs associated with high turnover Answer: C Page Ref: 100 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 31) Which of the following people management benefits arises from workplace diversity? A) improved system flexibility B) potential to increase market share C) increased understanding of the marketplace D) better use of employee talent Answer: D Page Ref: 100 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 32) Which of the following benefits of workplace diversity is attributed to organizational performance? A) reduced costs associated with high turnover and absenteeism B) potential source of competitive advantage from improved innovation efforts C) increased understanding of the marketplace and improved ability to better market to diverse customers D) ability to attract and retain employees of diverse backgrounds Answer: A Page Ref: 100 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 33) Amanda works as a technical support executive at ColoWare Systems. Which of the following factors, if true, could trigger certain stereotypes about Amanda among her co-workers, though not necessarily reflecting the way they feel or think about her? A) Amanda does not believe in engaging in gossip about her coworkers. B) Amanda prefers working late every evening to working over the weekend. C) Amanda has a Swedish mother and an African American father. D) Amanda tends to dominate discussions among her co-workers. Answer: C Page Ref: 100 AACSB: Analytic Skills Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Application 34) How does surface-level diversity differ from deep-level diversity? A) Surface-level diversity is reflected by differences in personality and values, while deep-level diversity is influenced by age and ethnic differences. B) Surface-level diversity can affect the way people view organizational rewards and their communication with other, while deep-level diversity do not necessarily reflect the ways people think or feel. C) Surface-level diversity can affect the way people perceive others, especially in terms of assumptions or stereotyping, while deep-level diversity may affect general behavior of people at work. D) Surface-level diversity becomes more important as people get to know each other, while deep-level diversity becomes less relevant with increasing familiarity between people. Answer: C Page Ref: 100 Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 35) Which of the following correctly reflects the characteristics of the current U.S. population? A) Nearly one in five Americans today is an immigrant. B) The median age of the U.S. population has risen significantly over the last decade. C) The Asian population in the United States is presently the largest ethnic group. D) The Hispanic community represents nearly one-third of the total U.S. population. Answer: B Page Ref: 103 Topic: Who Are Managers? Objective: 1 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 36) Which of the following statements is true of the changing trends in U.S. workplaces? A) The surge in immigration, especially over the last two decades, has flooded the United States with low-wage foreign labor. B) Organizations must recognize that they cant expect employees to assimilate into the organization by adopting similar attitudes and values. C) In most U.S. metropolitan cities, more immigrants are employed in low-wage jobs like construction, cleaning, or manufacturing, than in white-collar occupations. D) People now entering the workforce are significantly older, less ethnically diverse and/or natively-born. Answer: B Page Ref: 103 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 37) The total world population in 2010 is estimated at almost 7 billion individuals. The total world population is forecasted to hit 9 billion by 2050, at which point the United Nations predicts the total population will either stabilize or peak after growing for centuries at an ever-accelerating rate. The main reason for this major shift is ________. A) the unprecedented rate at which world population is aging B) the decline in birthrates as nations advance economically C) the high level of mobility of the international workforce across national borders D) the alarming rate of depletion of natural resources necessary for sustaining the population Answer: B Page Ref: 104 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Difficult Classification: Conceptual 38) Which of the following trends has been observed in the world population in terms of aging? A) People aged 65 and older will soon outnumber children under age 5 for the first time in history. B) The worlds population aged 80 and over is projected to shrink to less than half its current estimate between the years 2008 and 2040. C) The worlds population is growing younger at a faster rate than it did in comparison with the previous two centuries. D) As nations have advanced economically, birthrates have increased in proportion and contributed to the subsequent decrease in the median age of the worlds population. Answer: A Page Ref: 104 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 39) Trends observed in the shifting world population indicate that people aged 65 or more will soon outnumber those aged 5 or less. Also, the worlds population aged over 80 is expected to nearly triple by the year 2040. Which of the following is a likely implication of such population trends? A) decreasing demands on social entitlement programs B) increasing global savings rates C) dwindling labor supply D) decreasing preference for white-collar occupations Answer: C Page Ref: 105 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 2 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 40) Which of the following perceptions do employers typically have of older employees? A) lack of sound judgement B) resistant to new technology C) weak work ethic D) uncommitted to doing quality work Answer: B Page Ref: 105 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 41) What positive perception do employers typically have of older employees? A) enthusiastic towards new technology B) open to change C) strong work ethic D) flexible and adaptable Answer: C Page Ref: 105 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 42) Which of the following statements is true of gender diversity in workplaces? A) No consistent male-female differences exist in problem-solving ability, analytical skills, competitive drive, motivation, sociability, or learning ability. B) Today, men make up nearly two-thirds of the workforce, while women account for the remaining third. C) Affirmative action policies have resulted in women, generally, starting their careers at higher levels than men. D) Despite the disparity in representation in the workforce, women earn nearly as much as men do on a median basis. Answer: A Page Ref: 106 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 43) In which of the following areas is consistent male-female differences observed? A) problem-solving ability B) sociability C) work schedule preferences D) competitive drive Answer: C Page Ref: 106 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 44) Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be masculine? A) nurturing B) leading by example C) collaborative D) inclusive Answer: B Page Ref: 106 Topic: What Is Management? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 45) Which of the following managerial styles is traditionally considered to be feminine? A) authoritative B) leading by example C) inclusive D) being directive Answer: C Page Ref: 106 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 46) ________ is the biological heritage (including physical characteristics such as ones skin color and associated traits) that people use to identify themselves. A) Nationality B) Ethnicity C) Culture D) Race Answer: D Page Ref: 107 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 47) ________ refers to the social traits that are shared by a human population. A) Race B) Ancestry C) Nationality D) Ethnicity Answer: D Page Ref: 107 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 48) Which of the following statements is true of the findings of studies on race and ethnicity in the workplace? A) Whites favor affirmative action programs and policies to a far greater degree than do African Americans. B) African Americans generally do worse than Whites in decisions related to the workplace. C) Individuals in workplaces tend to favor colleagues of a race other than their own in performance evaluations, promotion decisions, and pay raises. D) Whites and African-Americans display statistically significant and consistent differences in absenteeism rates, applied social skills at work, and accident rates. Answer: B Page Ref: 107 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Moderate Classification: Conceptual 49) Which of the following racial groups have been the focus of most race and ethnographic studies of workplace diversity in the U.S.? A) Hispanics and Asians B) Whites and Native Americans C) African Americans and Whites D) Asians and African Americans Answer: C Page Ref: 107 Topic: What Do Managers Do? Objective: 3 Difficulty: Easy Classification: Conceptual 50) Which of the following statements is true of employing disabled employees? A) Hiring people with disabilities leads to higher employment costs and lower profit margins. B) Workers with disabilities lack job skills and experience necessary to perform as well as their abled counterparts. C) Employees with disabilities are exempt from potential disciplinary action and there are high costs associated with accommodating disabled employees. D) A person with a disability for whom wo