2020高考英語備考易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)睛系列 名詞性從句（教師版）

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1、2020;2020高考英語備考易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)睛系列 9名詞性從句（教師版） 考前必讀 名詞性從句是英語中比較復(fù)雜的結(jié)構(gòu)，既涉及詞匯的用法，也涉及句法結(jié)構(gòu)，是整個(gè)高中階段英語學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)和難點(diǎn)之一。在學(xué)習(xí)名詞性從句時(shí)，應(yīng)注意從以下幾個(gè)方面入手：一是要熟悉句子的各種成分，尤其是主語、賓語、表語、同位語的特點(diǎn)；二是要掌握引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連接代詞、連接副詞的分類及用法(that，if，whether的用法區(qū)別)；三是要注意名詞性從句中的特殊情況(that的省略，語序問題，時(shí)態(tài)問題，語氣問題)；四是要注意疑問連接詞what，when，where等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句不表示疑問的情況；五是要注意whoever，wh

2、ichever，whatever，whenever，wherever等引導(dǎo)從句的用法。特別需要注意的是要掌握it替代從句的用法 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)睛 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)1混淆同位語從句和定語從句 【易錯(cuò)題l】Life?is?like?a?long?race _____we?compete?with?others?to?go?beyond?ourselves. A．why B．what C．that D．where 【錯(cuò)因透視】同位語從句與定語從句的區(qū)別： (1)同位語從句與前面的名詞是同位關(guān)系，即說明它前面名詞的內(nèi)容，是對這一內(nèi)容的完全解釋；而定語從句與前面的名詞是修飾與被修飾的關(guān)系，

3、即限定它前面的名詞范圍，或補(bǔ)充一些情況。如：The news that I have passed the exam is true．我通過了考試這一消息是真的。(同位語從句，即從句所表達(dá)的意思就是前面名詞的內(nèi)容。) The news that he told mejust now is true．他剛才告訴我的消息是真的。(定語從句，從句對前面名詞起修飾限制作用，即“他告訴我的”那個(gè)消息，而不是別的消息。) (2)引導(dǎo)同位語從句的that是連詞，在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分，而引導(dǎo)定語從句的that是關(guān)系代詞，除起連接作用外，還在從句中充當(dāng)主語、賓語或表語等。如：The idea that c

4、omputers can recognize human voices surprises many people．計(jì)算機(jī)能夠識別人的聲音的想法使許多人感到驚奇。(that在從句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。)The idea that he gave surprises many people．他提出的觀點(diǎn)令許多人感到吃驚。(that在從句中作gave的賓語。) 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)2不了解從句的間隔現(xiàn)象而造成誤選 【易錯(cuò)題l】News came from the school office Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. A

5、. which B. what C. that D. where 【錯(cuò)因透視】像定語從句的先行詞與定語從句間隔一樣，有時(shí)同位語從句可以不緊跟在說明的名詞后面，而被別的詞隔開。如：Several years later，word came that Napoleon himself was coming to inspectthem．幾年以后，有消息傳來說拿破侖要親自視察他們。The thought came to him that maybe the enemyhad fled the city．他突然想起可能敵人已經(jīng)逃出城了。 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)3混淆how fa

6、r／how soon／how often／how long等引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的短語連詞 【易錯(cuò)題l】—I wonder you’ll water this kind of flower. —Every other day. A. how often B. how long C. how soon D. how much 易錯(cuò)點(diǎn)4 混淆引導(dǎo)名詞性從句的連詞和連接副詞 【易錯(cuò)題】At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see___ it got

7、 any better. A. when B. how C. why D. if 【解析】考生容易誤選A項(xiàng)，原因是誤解了句子的意思，認(rèn)為是“看什么時(shí)候情況會變得好一點(diǎn)”。句子的意思是：最初他不喜歡這份新工作，但是他決定給自己幾個(gè)月的時(shí)間來看一下這件工作是否會變得更好。故用if引導(dǎo)賓語從句。 【答案】D 跟蹤練習(xí) 1.（2020;2020年鄭州市高中畢業(yè)年級第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測英語）After five hours’ drive, they reached ______ they thought was the place they had been dreaming of

8、. A．that B．what C．which D．where 【答案】B 2.（北京市西城區(qū)2020;2020屆高三上學(xué)期期末考試英語）After ______ seemed an endless wait, it was her turn to enter the personnel manager’s office. A．that B．how C．what D．why 【答案】C 【解析】 考查賓語從句。此處 After 用作介詞，“____ seemed an endless wait” 為賓語從句，因從句中缺少主語，所以用 What。注意 that 引導(dǎo)賓語從句時(shí)，在從

9、句中不充當(dāng)任何成分。故選C。 3.（北京市重點(diǎn)高中2020;2020屆高三尖子生綜合素質(zhì)展示英語）Whom do you expect to have ______ the problem of over-loaded school buses? A．solve B．to solve C．solved D．solving 4.（南京市2020;2020屆高三年級第一次模擬考試英語）—What has made him look like lacking sleep? —______ his wife is ill and he has to get up several times a

10、 night to attend to her. A．For B．Because C．That D．What 5.（山東省濰坊市三縣市2020;2020屆高三上學(xué)期聯(lián)合考試英語）All of us have already known ______ she will choose is the opportunity to go abroad. A．how B．that C．what D．which 【答案】C 【解析】 考查名詞性從句。句意：我們都已經(jīng)知道她將選擇的是出國的機(jī)會。“what she will choose is the opportunity to go a

11、broad” 是賓語從句，在從句中，what she will choose 是從句的主語，what 在主語從句中作 choose 的賓語。 6.（山西省2020;2020屆高三年級四校聯(lián)考試題英語）Blog, a shared online journal where people can post diary entries about their personal experience and hobbies, ______ more and more popular with people of all ages. A．had become B．become C．becomin

12、g D．is becoming 7.（河北省普通高中2020;2020屆高三教學(xué)質(zhì)量監(jiān)測英語）More than 200 million people in China suffer high blood pressure, and 70% of them are unaware of the fact ______ they have the illness. A．what B．when C．how D．that 【答案】D 【解析】 考查同位語從句?！皌hat they have the illness” 是同位語從句，解釋說明 the fact 的具體內(nèi)容。 8.Som

13、etimes advertisements make ______ possible for companies to sell the customers ______ money can not buy. A. ×; that????? ???? B. it; what????? ????????? C. that; which????? ??? D. it; whose 9.The news spread quickly through the village _____ the war had ended, ______ made villagers wild with joy.

14、 A. which; that??????????? ? B. that; what ???????????? ???C. that; which???????????? ?D. what; which 【答案】C 【解析】考查同位語從句和定語從句。第一空that引導(dǎo)的從句與the news構(gòu)成同位關(guān)系；第二空是which引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語從句，修飾前面整個(gè)句子。所以應(yīng)該選C項(xiàng)。 10.—When shall we gather again? —Anytime _______ we are engaged in our work. A. except that????????????

15、?? B. except when????????????????? C. except it ????????????????? D. except for 11.—Excuse me，sir.Could you tell me the way to the railway station? —Sorry，I'm a stranger here myself.You are supposed to ask，I'm afraid，________ is a native. A．someone???? B．whoever???? C．who???? D．whomever 【答案】B 【

16、解析】考查名詞性從句。I'm afraid是插入語，句子的主干是“You are supposed to ask whoever is a native”。whoever引導(dǎo)賓語從句，并在從句中作主語。 12.Mary is interested in ________ is in the shops，but buying a new coat is not on the top of her shopping list. A．which???????? B．what???????? C．that??????? ?D．where 13.—It's thirty years since w

17、e last met. —But I still remember the story，believe it or not， ________ we got lost on a rainy night. A．which??????? ?B．that??????????????C．what??????????????D．when 【答案】B 【解析】通過對句子的分析可知，believe it or not是插入語，在此句中that引導(dǎo)的句子和the story是同位關(guān)系。 14.From ____ seemed to be a great, cloudy distance, he smiled at her, and she smiled too. A. it ????????????? ?????? B. that??????????? ????????????? C. what?? ????????????? ?????? D. which 【答案】C 15.（浙江省2020;2020年高三調(diào)研測試卷英語）______ is surprising is that there are so many Chinese restaurants in Toronto. A．It B．That C．Such D．What