2019版高考英語(yǔ)大二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第六部分 考前回顧 附錄2 五年高考閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句式50例

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1、 附錄?2 五年高考閱讀理解長(zhǎng)難句式?50?例 準(zhǔn)確理解長(zhǎng)難句是考生應(yīng)該掌握的一項(xiàng)閱讀技能。遇到長(zhǎng)難句,我們先圈出連詞,然后分析主句以 及分句的句子結(jié)構(gòu),先判斷句子的主干部分(主謂賓,或主系表),而句子的修飾、補(bǔ)充成分,可以先 忽略不看。在理解了句子的主干意思后,再理解修飾、補(bǔ)充成分。 以下是五年高考全國(guó)卷中出現(xiàn)的長(zhǎng)難句,如果這些句子的結(jié)構(gòu)你都能理清,這些句子的意思你 都能理解,高考英語(yǔ)閱讀理解就不再難了。 1.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅰ,A?篇)Morning?or?Afternoon,this?bike?tour?is?the?perfect?

2、tour?for D.C.newcomers?and?locals?looking?to?experience?Washington,D.C.in?a?healthy?way?with minimum?effort. 句意:不管是早晨還是下午,對(duì)于那些盼望用最小的努力而又最健康的方式體驗(yàn)一下華盛頓特區(qū)的 新來(lái)者和當(dāng)?shù)厝藖?lái)說(shuō),這是一次完美的自行車(chē)旅行。 分析:Morning?or?Afternoon?相當(dāng)于?whether?it?is?morning?or?afternoon?的省略句,是讓步狀語(yǔ) 從句。looking?to?experience...是動(dòng)詞的

3、-ing?形式作后置定語(yǔ)修飾前面的?newcomers?and locals. 2.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅰ,B?篇)Good?Morning?Britain’s?Susanna?Reid?is?used?to?grilling?guests?on the?sofa?every?morning,but?she?is?cooking?up?a?storm?in?her?latest?role—showing families?how?to?prepare?delicious?and?nutritious?meals?on?a?tight?budget. 句意:“早上好,英

4、國(guó)”,這檔節(jié)目中蘇珊娜·里德習(xí)慣于每天早上在沙發(fā)上盤(pán)問(wèn)客人,但是,她最近 扮演的角色卻在醞釀一場(chǎng)風(fēng)暴——向家庭展示如何在預(yù)算緊張的情況下做出美味、營(yíng)養(yǎng)豐富的飯 菜。 分析:該句是并列復(fù)合句,由并列連詞?but?連接而成。第二個(gè)分句中的破折號(hào)后面的內(nèi)容是對(duì)前面 分句進(jìn)行補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。句中的用詞?grill?和?cook?up?是緊扣本文的語(yǔ)境而有意選用的。 3.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅰ,C?篇)In?recent?centuries,trade,industrialisation,the?development?of?the nation-state?and?the?s

5、pread?of?universal?compulsory?education,especially globalisation?and?better?communications?in?the?past?few?decades,all?have?caused?many languages?to?disappear,and?dominant?languages?such?as?English,Spanish?and?Chinese?are increasingly?taking?over. 句意:近幾個(gè)世紀(jì)以來(lái),由于過(guò)去的幾十年里貿(mào)易、工業(yè)化、單一民族國(guó)家的發(fā)展和義務(wù)教

6、育的普 及,尤其是全球一體化和更好的通信方式,這一切都導(dǎo)致了許多語(yǔ)言的消失。而且被英語(yǔ)、西班牙 語(yǔ)和漢語(yǔ)等主流語(yǔ)言不斷地取代。 分析:該句是并列復(fù)合句,由并列連詞?and?連接而成。第?1?個(gè)分句中的 trade,industrialisation,development?of...,the?spread?of...,globalisation和?better communications?是?6?個(gè)并列的名詞,作主語(yǔ)?all?的同位語(yǔ)。 4.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅰ,C?篇)The?general?rule?is?that?mild?zones?have?rel

7、atively?few languages,often?spoken?by?many?people,while?hot,wet?zones?have?lots,often?spoken?by small?numbers. 1 句意:一般的規(guī)律是,溫和地帶的通常為許多人所使用的語(yǔ)言相對(duì)較少;而在炎熱、潮濕的地區(qū),語(yǔ) 言種類(lèi)多,通常為少數(shù)人所使用。 分析:該句是主從復(fù)合句。連接詞?that?引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句。這個(gè)表語(yǔ)從句本身是一個(gè)并列句,由并列連 詞?while?連接而成,表示對(duì)比,意為“然而”。兩個(gè)?spoken...

8、是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ),作后置定語(yǔ),表示被 動(dòng)關(guān)系。 5.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅰ,D?篇)The?team’s?data?only?went?up?to?2007,but?the?researchers?also explored?what?would?happen?if?consumers?replaced?old?products?with?new?electronics that?serve?more?than?one?function,such?as?a?tablet?for?word?processing?and?TV?viewing. 句意:這個(gè)團(tuán)隊(duì)的數(shù)據(jù)僅僅更新

9、到?2007?年,但研究者探索了如果消費(fèi)者使用多功能新電子設(shè)備比如 一個(gè)既能進(jìn)行文本處理又能觀看電視的平板去替換舊設(shè)備時(shí),會(huì)發(fā)生什么情況呢? 分析:該句是并列復(fù)合句。由表示轉(zhuǎn)折的連詞?but?連接而成。what?would?happen...TV?viewing?是 賓語(yǔ)從句。if...TV?viewing?是這個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句中的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。that?serve?more?than?one function?是定語(yǔ)從句修飾名詞?new?electronics。 6.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅰ,七選五)Whether?you’re?looking?at?wallpaper?o

10、r?paint,the?time,effort and?relative?expense?put?into?it?are?significant. 句意:不管你是在尋找壁紙還是漆料,所花費(fèi)的時(shí)間、付出的努力和相關(guān)的費(fèi)用都是至關(guān)重要的。 分析:該句是主從復(fù)合句。Whether...or...是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“無(wú)論……還是……”。put into?it?是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ),作后置定語(yǔ)修飾前面的?the?time,effort?和?expense,與它們是被動(dòng)關(guān) 系。 7.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅱ,A?篇)Thursday?sees?us?make?the?short?

11、journey?to?Paris?where?we?will visit?Disneyland?Paris?park,staying?until?late?to?see?the?parade?and?the?fireworks. 句意:周四,我們短途旅行去巴黎,游覽巴黎迪斯尼樂(lè)園,晚些時(shí)候我們觀看游行和煙花。 分析:該句是主從復(fù)合句。where?we?will?visit?Disneyland?Paris?park?是定語(yǔ)從句修飾名詞 Paris。staying...是動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。to?see...是不定式作目的狀語(yǔ)。 8.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅱ,

12、C?篇)?While?the?decline?over?the?past?decade?is?steep?for?teen readers,some?data?in?the?report?shows?that?reading?remains?a?big?part?of?many children’s?lives,and?indicates?how?parents?might?help?encourage?more?reading. 句意:雖然在過(guò)去的十年里,青少年讀者的數(shù)量急劇下降,但是,報(bào)告中的一些數(shù)據(jù)表明,閱讀仍然是 許多孩子生活中的一個(gè)重要部分,并表明父母如何能幫

13、助鼓勵(lì)孩子閱讀更多的書(shū)。 分析:該句是主從復(fù)合句。While...for?teen?reader?是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,由連接詞?While?引導(dǎo)。主句 中有兩個(gè)并列的謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞?shows?和?indicates,后面分別跟了兩個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句?that...和?how...。 9.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅱ,D?篇)Dismissing?small?talk?as?unimportant?is?easy,but?we?can’t?forget that?deep?relationships?wouldn’t?even?exist?if?it?weren’t?for?casual?conv

14、ersation. 句意:我們很容易認(rèn)為閑談不重要而不考慮它,但是,我們不能忘記,如果沒(méi)有閑談的話,深厚的關(guān)系 甚至就不會(huì)存在。 分析:該句是并列復(fù)合句。第一個(gè)分句中,Dismissing...是動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。第二個(gè)分 句是虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示與現(xiàn)在情況相反的主觀假設(shè)。if?it?weren’t?for?casual?conversation是非 真實(shí)條件句。 2 10.(2018?全國(guó)Ⅲ,C?篇)While?famous?foreign?architects?are?invited?to?lead?the?design

15、s of?landmark?buildings?in?China?such?as?the?new?CCTV?tower?and?the?National?Center?for the?Performing?Arts,many?excellent?Chinese?architects?are?making?great?efforts?to take?the?center?stage. 句意:雖然著名的外國(guó)建筑師們被邀請(qǐng)來(lái)領(lǐng)導(dǎo)中國(guó)標(biāo)志性建筑物的建設(shè),比如新中央電視塔和國(guó)家 大劇院,但是也有許多杰出的中國(guó)建筑師正在努力成為焦點(diǎn)。 分析:該句是主從復(fù)合句。While

16、...the?Performing?Arts?是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,表示“雖然……但 是……”。such?as?the?new?CCTV?tower?and?the?National?Center?for?the?Performing?Arts 是舉例說(shuō)明。 11.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅰ,A?篇)It’s?an?amazing?accomplishment?and?one?we?cannot?achieve?without generous?support?from?individuals,corporations,and?other?social?organizations.

17、 句意:這是一個(gè)驚人的成就,一個(gè)沒(méi)有來(lái)自個(gè)人、公司和其他社會(huì)組織的慷慨的支持我們就不可能 取得的成就。 分析:該句為復(fù)合句。其中,one?指代前面的?accomplishment,后面為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?one,且 從句使用了?cannot?和?without?表示雙重否定。 12.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅰ,D?篇)Then?lay?the?tube?in?place?so?that?one?end?rests?all?the?way?in the?cup?and?the?rest?of?the?line?runs?up?—?and?out?—?the?side

18、?of?the?hole. 句意:接著把管子放在恰當(dāng)?shù)奈恢?使得管子的一端一直放在杯子里并且管子的其余部分向上延伸 到坑的外部。 分析:該句為復(fù)合句。主句?lay?the?tube?in?place?為祈使句。so?that?引導(dǎo)目的狀語(yǔ)從句,從句是 and?連接的并列句。 13.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅰ,七選五)If?anyone?had?told?me?three?years?ago?that?I?would?be?spending most?of?my?weekends?camping,I?would?have?laughed?heartily. 句意

19、:如果三年前有人告訴我會(huì)用大部分的周末時(shí)間來(lái)野營(yíng),我會(huì)狂笑不已。 分析:該句為主從復(fù)合句。if?引導(dǎo)的是條件狀語(yǔ)從句,因表示對(duì)與過(guò)去事實(shí)相反的假設(shè),所以本句中 的條件句使用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。此外從句中包含了一個(gè)?that?引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句。 14.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅱ,A?篇)By?translating?the?rich?and?humourous?text?of?Love’s?Labour’s Lost?into?the?physical?language?of?BSL,Deafinitely?Theatre?creates?a?new interpretation?o

20、f?Shakespeare’s?comedy?and?aims?to?build?a?bridge?between?deaf?and hearing?worlds?by?performing?to?both?groups?as?one?audience. 句意:通過(guò)把《愛(ài)的徒勞》那豐富、幽默的文本翻譯成手語(yǔ),Deafinitely?劇院創(chuàng)造了一種對(duì)莎士 比亞喜劇新的解釋,通過(guò)向失聰人群和聽(tīng)力健全人群演出,旨在在失聰和有聲世界之間搭建一座橋 梁。 分析:在本句中,By?translating...BSL?為方式狀語(yǔ),and?連接?creates?和?aims?兩個(gè)動(dòng)

21、詞作并列謂 語(yǔ)。 15.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅱ,B?篇)The?friendship?that?grew?out?of?the?experience?of?making?that film?and?The?Sting?four?years?later?had?its?root?in?the?fact?that?although?there?was an?age?difference,we?both?came?from?a?tradition?of?theater?and?live?TV. 3 句意:拍電影和四年后出演?The?Sting?

22、的經(jīng)歷所建立起來(lái)的友誼源于一個(gè)事實(shí):盡管我們存在年齡 差距,但我們都源自戲劇和直播電視的傳統(tǒng)。 分析:句子的主干是?The?friendship?had?its?root?in?the?fact...。其中,grew?out?of...later 為?that?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?friendship。后面的?although?there?was...live?TV?為 that?引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明?fact?的內(nèi)容。此外,同位語(yǔ)從句中還包含了一個(gè)?although?引導(dǎo) 的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句。 16.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅱ,B?篇)We?shared

23、?the?belief?that?if?you’re?fortunate?enough?to?have success,you?should?put?something?back—he?with?his?Newman’s?Own?food?and?his?Hole?in the?Wall?camps?for?kids?who?are?seriously?ill,and?me?with?Sundance?and?the?institute and?the?festival. 句意:我們有著這樣的信念——如果足夠幸運(yùn)獲得成功,就應(yīng)該有所回饋。他成立了?Newman’s

24、 Own?食品公司和為病重的孩子成立了?Hole?in?the?Wall?夏令營(yíng),而我成立了圣丹斯協(xié)會(huì)和電影節(jié)。 分析:本句中,that?引導(dǎo)同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明?belief?的內(nèi)容;同位語(yǔ)從句中包含了一個(gè)?if?引導(dǎo)的 條件狀語(yǔ)從句;破折號(hào)后出現(xiàn)了一個(gè)?who?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?kids。 17.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅱ,C?篇)Terrafugia?says?an?owner?would?need?to?pass?a?test?and?complete 20?hours?of?flying?time?to?be?able?to?fly?the?Transiti

25、on,a?requirement?pilots?would find?relatively?easy?to?meet. 句意:Terrafugia?公司說(shuō)機(jī)主需要通過(guò)測(cè)試并且完成?20?個(gè)小時(shí)的飛行時(shí)間才能駕駛?Transition, 這一要求對(duì)于飛行員來(lái)說(shuō)相對(duì)容易達(dá)到。 分析:本句中?a?requirement?為同位語(yǔ),是對(duì)前面的內(nèi)容作補(bǔ)充說(shuō)明。pilots?would?find relatively?easy?to?meet?是定語(yǔ)從句,省略了充當(dāng)賓語(yǔ)的關(guān)系代詞?that/which,修飾先行詞 requirement。 18.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅱ

26、,D?篇)Back?in?1983,two?scientists,Jack?Schultz?and?Ian?Baldwin,reported that?young?maple?trees?getting?bitten?by?insects?send?out?a?particular?smell?that neighboring?plants?can?get. 句意:早在?1983?年,杰克·舒爾茨和伊恩·鮑德溫兩個(gè)科學(xué)家報(bào)道說(shuō)被昆蟲(chóng)咬的年輕楓樹(shù)會(huì)釋放一 種鄰近的植物能夠獲得的特殊氣味。 分析:本句中第一個(gè)?that?引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作?reported?的賓語(yǔ),從句

27、中包含一個(gè)?that?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從 句,修飾先行詞?smell。getting?bitten?by?insects?為動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式作后置定語(yǔ),修飾?maple trees。 19.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅱ,七選五)If?someone?knocks?and?it’s?not?an?important?matter,excuse yourself?and?let?the?person?know?you’re?busy?so?they?can?get?the?hint(暗示)?that when?the?door?is?closed,you’re?not?to?be

28、?disturbed. 句意為:如果有人敲門(mén),并且不是什么重要的事情,那就禮貌地謝絕,讓別人知道你很忙,這樣他們就 會(huì)得到暗示,當(dāng)門(mén)關(guān)著的時(shí)候,你不想被打擾。 分析:該句為?If?引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。在主句中,you’re?busy?是?know?的賓語(yǔ)從句。so?引導(dǎo)結(jié)果 狀語(yǔ)從句,在結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)從句中包含一個(gè)?that?引導(dǎo)的同位語(yǔ)從句,解釋說(shuō)明?hint?的內(nèi)容。同時(shí)同位 4 語(yǔ)從句又包含了一個(gè)?when?引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,因此句子的主句為?you’re?not?to?be disturbed。 20.

29、(2017?全國(guó)Ⅲ,B?篇)Bradford?sold?the?building?and?land?to?a?local?development firm,which?plans?to?build?a?shopping?complex?on?the?land?where?the?theater?is?located. 句意:布拉德福德把建筑物和土地賣(mài)給了一家當(dāng)?shù)氐拈_(kāi)發(fā)商,這家開(kāi)發(fā)商打算在電影院所在的土地 上建一個(gè)購(gòu)物中心。 分析:本句中?which?引導(dǎo)非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?a?local?development?firm;此外,定語(yǔ)從 句中又包含一個(gè)?w

30、here?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句。 21.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅲ,D?篇)The?Intelligent?Transport?team?at?Newcastle?University?have turned?an?electric?car?into?a?mobile?laboratory?named?“DriveLAB”?in?order?to understand?the?challenges?faced?by?older?drivers?and?to?discover?where?the?key?stress points?are. 句意:紐卡斯?fàn)柎髮W(xué)的智能運(yùn)輸團(tuán)隊(duì)已經(jīng)把

31、電動(dòng)汽車(chē)轉(zhuǎn)變成名叫“DriveLAB”的移動(dòng)實(shí)驗(yàn)室,目的 是了解老年人司機(jī)面臨的挑戰(zhàn)和發(fā)現(xiàn)關(guān)鍵問(wèn)題所在。 分析:本句中,句子的主干為?The?Intelligent?Transport?team?at...have turned...“DriveLAB”。in?order?to?作目的狀語(yǔ)。faced?by...為過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 22.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅲ,D?篇)For?many?older?people,particularly?those?living?alone?or?in?the country,driving?is?important?for?pr

32、eserving?their?independence,giving?them?the freedom?to?get?out?and?about?without?having?to?rely?on?others. 句意:對(duì)于很多老年人來(lái)說(shuō),特別是那些獨(dú)居或在鄉(xiāng)村的老年人,駕駛對(duì)于保持他們(老年人)的獨(dú)立 性是非常重要的,讓他們可以自由出行,而不必依賴(lài)他人。 分析:本句的主干是?driving?is...independence。giving?them...是動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式作狀語(yǔ)。 23.(2017?全國(guó)Ⅲ,D?篇)Research?shows?that?gi

33、ving?up?driving?is?one?of?the?key?reasons for?a?fall?in?health?and?well-being?among?older?people,leading?to?them?becoming?more isolated(隔絕)?and?inactive. 句意:研究表明,放棄開(kāi)車(chē)是導(dǎo)致老年人健康和幸福狀況下降的主要原因之一,使他們變得更加孤立 和懶散。 分析:that?引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,賓語(yǔ)從句中?giving?up?driving?為動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式短語(yǔ)作主語(yǔ)。 leading?to...動(dòng)詞的-ing?

34、形式作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 24.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅱ,B?篇)His?presence?meant?that?I?had?an?unexpected?teaching?assistant?in class?whose?creativity?would?infect(感染)?other?students. 句意:他的出現(xiàn)意味著課堂上我有一個(gè)意料之外的教學(xué)助手,他的創(chuàng)造力會(huì)感染其他學(xué)生。 分析:該句為復(fù)合句。that?引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句,作?meant?的賓語(yǔ);在賓語(yǔ)從句中包含了由?whose?引導(dǎo) 的定語(yǔ)從句,關(guān)系詞?whose?在從句中作定語(yǔ),表示所屬關(guān)系。 25.(2

35、016?全國(guó)Ⅱ,C?篇)?Then?the?person?leaves?it?in?a?public?place,hoping?that?the?book will?have?an?adventure,traveling?far?and?wide?with?each?new?reader?who?finds?it. 句意:然后,大家可以把它(書(shū))留在一個(gè)公共場(chǎng)合,希望這本書(shū)經(jīng)歷一場(chǎng)冒險(xiǎn),隨著每個(gè)發(fā)現(xiàn)它的新 讀者來(lái)一場(chǎng)遙遠(yuǎn)廣闊的旅行。 5 分析:Then?the?person?leaves?it?in?a?public?place?為句子的主干。

36、hoping?that...是動(dòng)詞的- ing?形式作伴隨狀語(yǔ)。that?引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句,在賓語(yǔ)從句中又包含了一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式短語(yǔ) traveling...作伴隨狀語(yǔ);此外,在后一個(gè)伴隨狀語(yǔ)中還包含了一個(gè)由?who?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先 行詞?reader。 26.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅱ,D?篇)Shackleton,a?onetime?British?merchant-navy?officer?who?had?got?to within?100?miles?of?the?South?Pole?in?1908,started?a?business?befo

37、re?his?1914?voyage to?make?money?from?movie?and?still?photography. 句意:沙克爾頓曾經(jīng)是英國(guó)商船官員,在?1908?年到達(dá)過(guò)距離南極點(diǎn)不足?100?英里的地方,他在?1914 年航海前開(kāi)始做生意,從電影和攝影中賺錢(qián)。 分析:Shackleton?started?a?business.為句子主干。a?onetime?British?merchant-navy officer?為?Shackleton?的同位語(yǔ),同時(shí)作定語(yǔ)從句?who?had?got?to?within?100?miles?of?the

38、 South?Pole?in?1908?的先行詞。before?his?1914?voyage?為時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。to?make...為不定式作目 的狀語(yǔ)。 27.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅱ,D?篇)?Frank?Hurley,a?confident?and?gifted?Australian?photographer?who knew?the?Antarctic,was?hired?to?make?the?images,most?of?which?have?never?before?been published.. 句意:弗蘭克·赫爾利是一位自信又有天賦的?,對(duì)南極洲有

39、了解的澳大利亞攝影師?,他被雇傭去拍照, 其中大部分圖片以前從未被發(fā)表過(guò)。 分析:Frank?Hurley?was?hired...為句子主干,a?confident?and?gifted?Australian photographer?為?Frank?Hurley?的同位語(yǔ),同時(shí)作定語(yǔ)從句?who?knew?the?Antarctic?的先行詞,to make...為不定式短語(yǔ)作目的狀語(yǔ),此外,還有一個(gè)?which?引導(dǎo)的非限制性定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞 images。 28.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅱ,七選五)It?starts?with?looking?insid

40、e?yourself?and?understanding?who you?are?with?respect?to?the?natural?world?and?how?you?approach?the?gardening?process. 句意:首先要了解你自己,了解你在自然界中是誰(shuí),以及你是如何處理園藝工作流程的。(with respect?to“就……而言,關(guān)于”) 分析:It?starts?with?looking?inside?yourself?and?understanding?為句子主干,在 understanding?后有?who?和?how?引導(dǎo)的兩

41、個(gè)賓語(yǔ)從句。 29.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅰ,A?篇)?If?it?weren’t?for?Rachel?Carson,the?environmental?movement might?not?exist?today. 句意:如果不是雷切爾·卡森的話,今天的環(huán)保運(yùn)動(dòng)就可能不會(huì)存在。 分析:該句為復(fù)合句。主句為?the?environmental?movement?might?not?exist?today,if?引導(dǎo)條件 狀語(yǔ)從句。注意本句使用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣,表示對(duì)現(xiàn)在的虛擬。 30.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅰ,B?篇)Only?after?a?year?of?friendl

42、y?discussion?did?Ms.Garza?finally?say yes. 句意:經(jīng)過(guò)一年友好的協(xié)商之后,加爾薩女士才最終同意。 分析:該句為倒裝句,當(dāng)?only+狀語(yǔ)位于句首,引起部分倒裝時(shí),句子可還原為“Ms.Garza?finally say?yes?only?after?a?year?of?friendly?discussion”。 6 31.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅰ,B?篇)Almost?every?grandparent?wants?to?be?with?his?or?her grandchildren?and?is

43、?willing?to?make?sacrifices,but?sometimes?it?is?wiser?to?say?no and?visit?frequently?instead. 句意:幾乎每個(gè)祖父母都想和自己的孫子或?qū)O女住在一起并愿意做出犧牲,但有時(shí)拒絕,取而代之以 經(jīng)常探訪更為明智。 分析:本句是由?but?連接的兩個(gè)并列分句,前一個(gè)分句?and?并列兩個(gè)謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞表示順承關(guān)系,后一個(gè) 分句中?it?為形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)為后面的不定式。 32.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅰ,C?篇)?For?this?courier?job,you’re?conscious

44、ly?aware?that?in?that?box you’ve?got?something?that?is?potentially?going?to?save?somebody’s?life. 句意:對(duì)于這個(gè)遞送的工作,你意識(shí)到在那個(gè)箱子里放的很可能是挽救別人生命的東西。 分析:該句為復(fù)合句,前一個(gè)?that?引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,在賓語(yǔ)從句中包含了一個(gè)?that?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句, 修飾先行詞?something。 33.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅰ,D?篇)Nurses?and?other?care-givers?need?to?be?aware?of?the?possible

45、 meanings?of?silence?when?they?come?across?the?personal?anxiety?their?patients?may?be experiencing. 句意:當(dāng)護(hù)士和其他看護(hù)者遇到的病人可能經(jīng)歷個(gè)人焦慮時(shí),他們需要知道沉默的各種可能的含 義。 分析:本句的主干為?Nurses?and?other?care-givers?need?to?be?aware?of?the?possible meanings?of?silence。when?引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,在時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中,their?patients?may?be

46、 experiencing?為定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?anxiety。 34.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅰ,D?篇)Therefore,when?a?person?from?one?of?these?cultures?is?speaking and?suddenly?stops,what?may?be?implied?(暗示)?is?that?the?person?wants?the?listener to?consider?what?has?been?said?before?continuing. 句意:因此,當(dāng)一個(gè)來(lái)自其中某個(gè)文化群體的人在說(shuō)話的時(shí)候突然停住時(shí),可能是在暗

47、示他在繼續(xù) (講下去)之前希望聽(tīng)眾能思考一下剛才所講的內(nèi)容。 分析:本句中?when?引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句;what?may?be?implied?為主語(yǔ)從句,that?引導(dǎo)表語(yǔ)從句, 在表語(yǔ)從句中,包含了一個(gè)?what?引導(dǎo)的賓語(yǔ)從句,作?consider?的賓語(yǔ)。 35.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅲ,C?篇)?To?people?who?are?used?to?the?limited?choice?of?apples?such?as Golden?Delicious?and?Royal?Gala?in?supermarkets,it?can?be?quite?an?ey

48、e?opener?to?see the?range?of?classical?apples?still?in?existence,such?as?Decio?which?was?grown?by?the Romans. 句意:對(duì)于那些習(xí)慣于在超市里選擇像黃金美味和皇家嘎啦這種有限的蘋(píng)果的人來(lái)說(shuō),看到仍舊存 留的傳統(tǒng)蘋(píng)果是很長(zhǎng)見(jiàn)識(shí)的,比如羅馬人種植的迪西奧。 分析:本句的主句是?it?can?be?quite?an?eye?opener?to?see?the?range?of?classical?apples still?in?existence,其中?it?

49、為形式主語(yǔ),真正的主語(yǔ)是后面的不定式;此外,To?people?who?are used?to?the?limited?choice?of?apples?such?as?Golden?Delicious?and?Royal?Gala?in supermarkets?為狀語(yǔ),狀語(yǔ)中包含了?who?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?people。本句最后還有一個(gè) which?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?Decio。 7 36.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅲ,D?篇)?Readers?also?tended?to?share?articles?that?were?

50、exciting?or funny,or?that?inspired?negative?feelings?like?anger?or?anxiety,but?not?articles?that left?them?merely?sad. 句意:讀者們也喜歡分享讓他們感到興奮或有趣的文章,或者是引發(fā)憤怒或焦慮的消極感受的文章, 而不是僅僅讓他們感到悲傷的文章。 分析:該句為復(fù)合句,三個(gè)?that?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句對(duì)?articles?進(jìn)行解釋說(shuō)明。 37.(2016?全國(guó)Ⅲ,七選五)?When?you?have?bought?a?fish?and?arrive?

51、home,you’d?better store?the?fish?in?the?refrigerator?if?you?don’t?cook?it?immediately,but?fresh?fish should?be?stored?in?your?fridge?for?only?a?day?or?two. 句意:當(dāng)你買(mǎi)了一條魚(yú)回家后,如果不立即烹飪,你最好把魚(yú)放在冰箱里保存,但新鮮的魚(yú)只能在冰 箱保存一到兩天。 分析:該句為復(fù)合句。when?引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句,主句中還包含了?if?引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句。 38.(2015?全國(guó)Ⅰ,B?篇)Delighted

52、?as?I?was?by?the?tomatoes?in?sight,my?happiness?deepened when?I?learned?that?Brown’s?Grove?Farm?is?one?of?the?suppliers?for?Jack?Dusty,a newly?opened?restaurant?at?the?Sarasota?Ritz?Carlton,where—luckily?for?me—I?was planning?to?have?dinner?that?very?night. 句意:眼前的西紅柿令我欣喜不已,當(dāng)我聽(tīng)說(shuō)布朗的格魯夫農(nóng)場(chǎng)是杰

53、克達(dá)斯蒂餐廳的供應(yīng)商之一時(shí), 我更加高興了。杰克達(dá)斯蒂餐廳是薩拉索塔麗思卡爾頓酒店新開(kāi)張的一家餐廳——我感到很幸運(yùn) ——那天晚上我計(jì)劃去那吃晚飯。 分析:as?引導(dǎo)的是讓步狀語(yǔ)從句,從句用了倒裝結(jié)構(gòu),表語(yǔ)前置。when?引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 where?引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?restaurant。 39.(2015?全國(guó)Ⅰ,C?篇)The?Pompidou?Centre?in?Paris?is?showing?its?respect?and admiration?for?the?artist?and?his?powerful?personality?w

54、ith?an?exhibition?bringing together?over?200?paintings,sculptures,drawings?and?more. 句意:巴黎的蓬皮社藝術(shù)中心正在展出?200?多幅油畫(huà)、雕塑和素描等作品,以此表達(dá)對(duì)這位藝術(shù)家 及其偉大人格的尊敬和欽佩。 分析:The?Pompidou?Centre?in?Paris?is?showing?its?respect?and?admiration...為句子的主 干,bringing?together...是動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),修飾?an?exhibition。

55、 40.(2015?全國(guó)Ⅰ,D?篇)?If?life?weren’t?a?battle,people?wouldn’t?need?a?special?place just?to?speak. 句意:如果人生不是一場(chǎng)戰(zhàn)爭(zhēng),人們也不會(huì)需要一個(gè)專(zhuān)門(mén)的地方來(lái)說(shuō)話。 分析:本句?If?引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句用了虛擬語(yǔ)氣。主句中的?just?to?speak?作定語(yǔ)修飾?place。 41.(2015?全國(guó)Ⅰ,七選五)?But?you?can’t?be?successful?when?there’s?a?lack?of?trust?in a?relationship?that?r

56、esults?from?an?action?where?the?wrongdoer?takes?no responsibility?to?fix?the?mistake. 句意:但是,如果一段關(guān)系中缺乏信任,而且這是由犯錯(cuò)者不為錯(cuò)誤負(fù)責(zé)所導(dǎo)致的,那么你也不能成 功。 8 分析:本句中?when?引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。that?引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?a?lack?of trust。此外,句中還包含一個(gè)?where?引導(dǎo)的定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?action。 42.(2015?全國(guó)Ⅱ,B?篇)Dark?e

57、nvironments?are?more?likely?to?encourage?overeating,for people?are?often?less?self-conscious(難為情)?when?they’re?in?poorly?lit?places?— and?so?more?likely?to?eat?lots?of?food. 句意:黑暗的環(huán)境更容易鼓勵(lì)過(guò)量飲食,因?yàn)槿藗冊(cè)跓艄饣璋档牡胤胶苌贂?huì)難為情——?所以更可能 吃大量的食物。 分析:本句中?for?引導(dǎo)表示原因的分句,分句中?less?self-conscious?和后面的?so?more?

58、likely?to eat?lots?of?food?是并列表語(yǔ),分句中還有一個(gè)由?when?引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 43.(2015?全國(guó)Ⅱ,C?篇)The?gap-year?phenomenon?originated(起源)?with?the?months?left over?to?Oxbridge?applicants?between?entrance?exams?in?November?and?the?start?of?the next?academic?year. 句意:間隔年現(xiàn)象起源于牛津大學(xué)和劍橋大學(xué)申請(qǐng)?jiān)?11?月份入學(xué)考試至下一學(xué)年開(kāi)始前空出的那

59、 幾個(gè)月時(shí)間。 分析:本句中,句子主干是?The?gap-year?phenomenon?originated(起源)?with?the?months。left over?to?Oxbridge?applicants?是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作后置定語(yǔ),between...and...是介詞短語(yǔ)作定語(yǔ), 修飾的都是?the?months。 44.(2015?全國(guó)Ⅱ,七選五)No?one?can?say?which?brand?will?work?best?for?you?or?feel?best on?your?feet,so?you?have?to?rely?on?y

60、our?experience?and?on?the?feel?of?each?pair?as you?shop. 句意:沒(méi)人能說(shuō)哪個(gè)品牌最適合你或你穿哪一雙鞋腳最舒服,因此當(dāng)你在買(mǎi)鞋時(shí),你不得不根據(jù)你的 經(jīng)驗(yàn)和對(duì)每一雙鞋的感覺(jué)。 分析:本句是由?so?連接的兩個(gè)并列句。which?引導(dǎo)的是賓語(yǔ)從句,作?say?的賓語(yǔ)。as?you?shop?是 由?as?引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。 45.(2014?全國(guó)Ⅰ,A?篇)The?challenge?invites,even?dares?school?students?between?the?ages of?5?a

61、nd?14?to?create?artwork?or?a?piece?of?writing?that?shows?their?curiosity?and how?it?inspires?them?to?explore?their?world. 句意:這個(gè)挑戰(zhàn)賽邀請(qǐng)甚至鼓勵(lì)?5?到?14?歲的在校生創(chuàng)作藝術(shù)品或?qū)懸黄恼?這樣既展示了他們的 好奇心,又展示了這項(xiàng)活動(dòng)是如何鼓舞他們?nèi)ヌ剿魇澜绲摹? 分析:that?引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,在定語(yǔ)從句中,their?curiosity?和?how?引導(dǎo)的從句并列作?show?的賓 語(yǔ)。 46.(2014?全國(guó)Ⅰ,B?篇)It?

62、was?calculated?that?when?its?population?reached?its?highest point,there?were?more?than?3?billion?passenger?pigeons—a?number?equal?to?24?to?40 percent?of?the?total?bird?population?in?the?United?States,making?it?perhaps?the?most abundant?bird?in?the?world. 句意:據(jù)統(tǒng)計(jì),當(dāng)旅鴿數(shù)量達(dá)到最多時(shí),曾超過(guò)了?30?億只,這個(gè)數(shù)量

63、相當(dāng)于美國(guó)鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)總數(shù)的?24%—40%, 這使旅鴿成為世界上數(shù)量最為龐大的鳥(niǎo)類(lèi)。 9 分析:本句為?“It?be+過(guò)去分詞+that?從句”結(jié)構(gòu)。從句中含有?when?引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。3 billion?passenger?pigeons?和?a?number?equal...是同位關(guān)系。此外,還有一個(gè)動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式 短語(yǔ)“making...”作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)。 47.(2014?全國(guó)Ⅰ,C?篇)?This?upsets?me?to?no?end?because?while?all?the?experts?are

64、?busy debating?about?which?option?is?best,the?people?who?want?to?improve?their?lives?are left?confused?by?all?of?the?conflicting?information. 句意:這讓我陷入無(wú)休止的煩惱之中,因?yàn)楫?dāng)所有的專(zhuān)家們都在忙著辯論哪個(gè)選擇最好時(shí),那些想改 善自己生活的人們卻被所有這些矛盾的信息弄得困惑不堪。 分析:本句中?because?引導(dǎo)的是原因狀語(yǔ)從句,從句中?while?引導(dǎo)的是時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句。此外,which 引導(dǎo)賓語(yǔ)從句,作?abo

65、ut?的賓語(yǔ)。who?引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?people。 48.(2014?全國(guó)Ⅰ,七選五)By?helping?them?develop?classic?skills?that?will?serve?them well?no?matter?what?the?future?holds. 句意:不管未來(lái)如何變化,幫助他們培養(yǎng)經(jīng)典的技能會(huì)對(duì)他們大有幫助。 分析:that?引導(dǎo)的是定語(yǔ)從句,修飾先行詞?skills;從句中還含有一個(gè)?no?matter?what?引導(dǎo)的讓步 狀語(yǔ)從句。 49.(2014?全國(guó)Ⅱ,A?篇)?He?reported?the?ca

66、se?to?the?police?and?then?sat?there,lost?and lonely?in?a?strange?city,thinking?of?the?terrible?troubles?of?getting?all?the paperwork?organized?again?from?a?distant?country?while?trying?to?settle?down?in?a?new one. 句意:他向警方報(bào)了案,然后失落孤獨(dú)地坐在一個(gè)陌生的城市里,想著要在一個(gè)遙遠(yuǎn)的國(guó)家把所有的 材料重新整理是多么的麻煩,而同時(shí)他還要試著在一個(gè)新的國(guó)家安頓下來(lái)。 分析:句子的主干是?He?reported?the?case?to?the?police?and?then?sat?there。lost?and lonely?in?a?strange?city?在此處為形容詞短語(yǔ),作補(bǔ)語(yǔ),用來(lái)補(bǔ)充形容主語(yǔ)?he?當(dāng)時(shí)的心情。 thinking?of...為動(dòng)詞的-ing?形式短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ),在現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)中,organized?為過(guò)