福建省漳州市2014高考英語一輪 閱讀理解暑假訓練題（3）

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1、漳州市2014 高考英語（閱讀理解）一輪暑假訓練（3）（答案） If your preschoolers turn up their noses at carrots or celery, a small reward like a sticker for taking even a taste may help get them to eat previously disliked foods, a UK study said. Though it might seem obvious that a reward could encourage young children to

2、eat their vegetables, the idea is actually controversial, researchers wrote in the American Journal of Clinical Nutrition. That’s because some studies have shown that rewards can backfire and cause children to lose interest in foods they already liked, said Jane Wardle, a researcher at University Co

3、llege London who worked on the study. Verbal praise, such as “Brilliant! You’re a great vegetable taster,” did not work as well. The study found t hat when parents gave their small children a sticker each time they took a “tiny taste” of a disliked vegetable, it gradually changed their attitudes.

4、The children were also willing to eat more of the vegetables-either carrots, celery, cucumber, red pepper, cabbage or sugar snap peas-in laboratory taste tests, the study said. Researchers randomly assigned（分派）173 families to one of these groups. In one, parents used stickers to reward their childr

5、en each time they took a tiny sample of a disliked vegetable. A second group of parents used verbal praise. The third group, where parents used no special vegetable-promoting methods, served as a “control” Parents in the reward groups offered their children a taste of the “target” vegetable every d

6、ay of 12 days, Soon after, children in the sticker group were giving higher ratings to the vegetables-and were willing to eat more in the research lab, going from an average of 5 grams at the start to about 10 grams after the 12-day experience. The turnaround also seemed to last, with preschoolers i

7、n the sticker group still willing to eat more of the once disliked vegetable three months later. Why didn’t the verbal praise work? Wardle said the parents’ words may have seemed “insincere” to their children. 16．The purpose of writing the passage is . A．to introduce a practical method of

8、making children eat vegetables B．to show the procedure of an experiment on children’s diet C．to explain why children hate to eat vegetables D．to present a proper way of vernal praise to parents 17．The underlined word “backfire” in Paragraph 2 probably means “ ”. A．shoot from behind t

9、he back B．make a lire in the hackyard C．produce an unexpected result D．a(chǎn)chieve what was planned 18．According to the passage, which of the following statements is true? A．Most children are born to dislike carrots or celery. B．It remains a question whether rewarding is a good way to get children t

10、o eat vegetables. C．Oral praise wokrs quite well in encouraging children to eat vegetables. D．Children in the sticker group will never lose interest in eating vegetables. 19．How did the researchers get their conclusion from the experiment? A．By comparison. B．By asking questions. C．By giving ex

11、amples, D．By discussion. 20．What can we learn from the last paragraph? A．Children like rewards, not verbal praise. B．Parents should praise their children in a sincere tone. C．Children are difficult to inspire. D．Parents should give up verbal praise. 16 17 18 19 20 A C B A B ****

12、*********************************************************結(jié)束 閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項（A、B、C和D）中，選出最佳選項。 A In 1939 two brothers, Mac and Dick McDonald, started a drive-in restaurant in San Bernadino, California. They carefully chose a busy corner for their location. They had run their own businesses for

13、 years, first a theater, then a barbecue(烤肉) restaurant, then another drive-in. But in their new operation, they offered a new, shortened menu: French fries, hamburgers, and sodas. To this small selection they added one new idea: quick service, no waiters or waitresses, and no tips. Their hamburge

14、rs sold for fifteen cents. Cheese was another four cents. Their French fries and hamburgers had a remarkable uniformity(一致性), for the brothers had developed a strict routine(程序) for the preparation of their food, and they insisted on their cooks’ sticking to their routine. Their new drive-in became

15、surprisingly popular, particularly for lunch. People drove up by the hundreds during the busy noontime. The self-service restaurant was so popular that the brothers had allowed ten copies of their restaurant to be opened. They were content with this modest success until they met Ray Kroc. Kroc was

16、 a salesman who met the McDonald brothers in 1954, when he was selling milkshake-mixing machines. He quickly saw the special attraction of the brothers’ fast-food restaurants and bought the right to franchise(特許經(jīng)營) other copies of their restaurants. The agreement included the right to duplicate(復制)

17、the menu, the equipment, even their red and white buildings with the golden arches(拱門). Today McDonald’s is really a household name. In 1976, McDonald’s had over $ l billion in total sales. Its first twenty-two years is one of the most surprising success stories in modern American business history

18、. 1. This passage mainly talks about _______. A. the development of fast food services B. how McDonald’s became a billion-dollar business C. the business careers of Mac and Dick McDonald D. Ray Kroc’s business talent 2. Mac and Dick managed all of the following businesses except _______.

19、 A. a drive-in B. a theater C. a cinema D. a barbecue restaurant 3. We may infer from this passage that _______. A. Mac and Dick McDonald never became wealthy for they sold their idea to Kroc. B. the place the McDonalds chose was the only source of the great popularity of their drive-in C. f

20、orty years ago there were lots of fast-food restaurants D. Ray Kroc was a good businessman 4. The passage suggests that _______. A. creativity is an important element of business success B. Ray Kroc was the close partner of the McDonald brothers C. Mac and Dick McDonald became broken after they

21、 sold their ideas to Ray Kroc D. California is the best place to go into business (A) BCDA ********************************************************結(jié)束 B HIGHFIELD COMPREHENSIVE SCHOOL SCHOOL REPORT Form Teac her: G. Baker Pupil’s Name: Simon Watkins Term: Summer

22、2010 Form: Ⅳ B Subject Exam Class work Comments English 59 61 Simon has reached a satisfactory standard but now needs to apply himself with more determination. Mathematics 77 85 Sound work and progress throughout the year. Well done! History 46 53 A disappointing exam result. He is unabl

23、e to give attention to this subject for long. Chemistry 78 85 His obvious ability in the subject was not fully reflected in his exam work, but I have high hopes for him nevertheless. Physics 86 94 An excellent term’s performance. He goes from strength to strength. A born scientist, I feel. Biolog

24、y 57 60 This time next year he will be taking the “0” exam. He needs to concentrate on the work, not on class conversation. French 41 46 Clearly he didn’t bother to revise. His general attitude is far too casual. Physical Education / 31 Weak. It’s time he exercised his body more and his voice les

25、s. He should try to work with a team. FORM TEACHER’S REMARKS HEADMASTER Basically satisfactory work and progress I shall be keeping an eye on his though he will now have realized, I hope, that progress in his weaker subjects in certain subject areas he need

26、s to make speedy though his success in the sciences is improvement. most pleasing. 5.According to the comments of the Physical Education teacher, Simon_______. A .is too talkative in the class B. likes to work with his classmates C. doesn’t exe

27、rcise his body at the right time D. becomes weak because he doesn’t exercise at all 6. Which of Simon’s subjects will attract the headmaster’s attention in future? A. Biology and Maths. B. History and French. C. English and Chemistry. D. Physics and Physical Education. 7. Which of the follo

28、wing statements best describes Simon? A. He has made great progress in language classes. B. His potential has been fully reflected in science classes. C. His grade in maths makes him a born scientist. D. He needs to improve his attitude on certain subjects. 8. Based on the school report, wh

29、ich of the following statements is true? A. Simon didn’t bother his teacher to revise French. B. Basically, Simon did a good job in science. C. Simon is a determined learner in English. D. Simon is able to pay attention to history for long. (B) ABDB ***********************************

30、***********************結(jié)束 C Do you know what really troubles me? For some reason, words with silent letters have always bothered me. For example, consider these words: know, design, island, school, wrist, naughty, and salmon. All of these words have at least one letter that is not typically pron

31、ounced, and these words are just a very small part of words with silent letters in them. Some words are even worse, consider this word: colonel. Not only are some letters not pronounced, but letters that are not even there are pronounced. Even foreign languages, especially French, are guilty

32、 of this needless complexity and confusion. I know there must be some main historical reasons why the words are spelled and pronounced the way they are, but that does not mean bad traditions must continue to survive. Especially if they are no longer logical. Unfortunately, there is very little t

33、hat anyone can do for it, because there’s no group of people who can change or have the right to change the English language for everyone. However, the only thing we can do is make changes in the way we talk and write in hopes that it catches on. For example, I pronounce the letter “l(fā)” in salmon on

34、purpose to make people annoyed and to sound more different or complicated. I even pronounce colonel the correct or French way. I can only hope these two minor changes to the English language make sense to you, and you will help to keep up these minor changes forever in your everyday life. 9. Wh

35、ich of the following is the main reason for silent letters? A. French language. B. Historical reasons. C. Some linguists D. Bad traditions. 10. The underlined phrase “catches on” probably means “________”. A. becomes popular B. gets across C. follows the fashions D.

36、 doesn’t fall behind 11. Which of the following is the best title for this passage? A. Troubles in everyday life B. Traps in English words C. Words with silent letters D. Necessary changes of languages (C) BAC *********************************************************結(jié)束