《2014《名師伴你行》系列高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)配套語(yǔ)法專題學(xué)案時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一》由會(huì)員分享，可在線閱讀，更多相關(guān)《2014《名師伴你行》系列高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)配套語(yǔ)法專題學(xué)案時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一（30頁(yè)珍藏版）》請(qǐng)?jiān)谘b配圖網(wǎng)上搜索。
1、 高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)課件 新 課 標(biāo) 版 人 民 教 育 出 版 社 語(yǔ)法學(xué)案1 時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)(一)動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的概述：英語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞共有十六種時(shí)態(tài), 要求掌握的有八種：一般現(xiàn)在時(shí), 一般過(guò)去時(shí), 一般將來(lái)時(shí), 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí), 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí), 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí), 過(guò)去完成時(shí), 過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí)。另外現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí)、過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí)和將來(lái)完成時(shí)也比較常用。 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)時(shí)態(tài) 現(xiàn)在 過(guò)去 將來(lái) 過(guò)去將來(lái) 一般 一般現(xiàn)在時(shí) 一般過(guò)去時(shí) 一般將來(lái)時(shí) 一般過(guò)去將來(lái)時(shí) 進(jìn)行 現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去進(jìn)行時(shí) 將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)進(jìn)行時(shí) 完成 現(xiàn)在完成時(shí) 過(guò)去完成時(shí) 將來(lái)完成時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成時(shí) 完成進(jìn)行 現(xiàn)在完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 過(guò)去完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 將來(lái)完成進(jìn)
2、行時(shí) 過(guò)去將來(lái)完成進(jìn)行時(shí) 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)考點(diǎn) 動(dòng)詞時(shí)態(tài)的基本用法：考點(diǎn)精講1 一般時(shí)(一)一般時(shí)中的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、一般過(guò)去時(shí)分別表示現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去的經(jīng)常性、習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作或表示現(xiàn)在、過(guò)去的狀態(tài)。We have meals three times a day. 我們一日三餐。(現(xiàn)在的習(xí)慣)He is always ready to help others. 他總是樂(lè)于助人。(現(xiàn)在的狀態(tài))(二)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還可表示客觀真理、科學(xué)事實(shí)。The sun rises in the east. 太陽(yáng)從東方升起。(三)一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)還可用在if, unless, even if引導(dǎo)的條件狀語(yǔ)從句中；由when, b
3、efore, until (till), as soon as, the moment, once等引導(dǎo)的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句中；由no matter 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)whatwhowhichwhenwherehow或whatever, whoever, whichever, whenever, wherever, however引導(dǎo)的讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中, 這時(shí)主句往往表將來(lái)(出現(xiàn)willshallcanmust)或主句是祈使句。Ill go with you as soon as I finish my work. 我一完成工作就和你一起去。Whatever you say, I will not cha
4、nge my mind. 無(wú)論你怎么說(shuō), 我都不會(huì)改變主意。(四)語(yǔ)境中的一般過(guò)去時(shí), 往往表示“剛才, 剛剛”之意, 暗示現(xiàn)在已“不再這樣”。Your phone number again? I didnt quite catch it. 能否再說(shuō)一遍你的電話號(hào)碼?我沒(méi)有聽(tīng)清楚。 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)典例剖析Kevin, you look worried. Anything wrong?Well, I _ a test and Im waiting for the result. 2012重慶卷A. will take B. tookC. had taken D. take剖析 考查動(dòng)詞的
5、時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)答語(yǔ)的后半句可知, 現(xiàn)在Kevin正在等待測(cè)試的成績(jī), 參加測(cè)試為一個(gè)過(guò)去的動(dòng)作, 應(yīng)該使用一般過(guò)去時(shí)態(tài)。因此, 正確答案為B選項(xiàng)。技巧點(diǎn)撥 一般過(guò)去時(shí)表示過(guò)去某時(shí)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài), 也可表示過(guò)去某段時(shí)間內(nèi)經(jīng)?；蚍磸?fù)發(fā)生的動(dòng)作。其標(biāo)志性狀語(yǔ)常為in the past, yesterday, just now, the day before yesterday, last week, in 2012, two weeks ago等。 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)對(duì)應(yīng)訓(xùn)練用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空1. Your baby is too thin. It could gain weight, but it
6、 _ (not eat) much. 2. It wont be long before such a thing_ (happen) again. 3. I wont speak to him unless he_ (apologize) to me. 4. The driver has just been fined $10 for stopping his car at a sign that_ (read) “NO PARKING”. 5. Nancy is not coming tonight. But she _ (promise). doesnt eat happens apol
7、ogizes reads promised 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)(五)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法：1. 表示現(xiàn)在看來(lái)以后要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或存在的狀態(tài)；事物的固有屬性或必然趨勢(shì)。Tom will come next week. 湯姆下周會(huì)來(lái)。Fish will die without water. 離開(kāi)水, 魚就會(huì)死。2. “be going to+動(dòng)詞原形”多用在口語(yǔ)中, 表示“計(jì)劃、打算、即將做某事”, 此外, be going to還可表示根據(jù)現(xiàn)在的跡象對(duì)未來(lái)進(jìn)行推斷。He is going to speak on TV this evening. 他計(jì)劃今晚到電視臺(tái)講話。3. “be about t
8、o+動(dòng)詞原形”表示“立即的將來(lái)”, 因此, 該句型很少與時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)連用。 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)The train is about to start. 火車就要開(kāi)了。4. 有些動(dòng)詞如come, go, stay, arrive, leave, begin, start等, 其一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)、現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)亦可表示按計(jì)劃、安排好的將來(lái)要發(fā)生的動(dòng)作或狀態(tài)。I arrive in Beijing at 3：00 p. m. tomorrow. 明天下午3點(diǎn)我到北京。What are you going to do next week?下周你打算做什么?5. “be to+動(dòng)詞原形”(1)表示按計(jì)劃或安排要做的事。S
9、he is to be married next month. 她將于下個(gè)月結(jié)婚。注意：這種結(jié)構(gòu)也可用于過(guò)去。waswere to do sth. 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)表示曾經(jīng)計(jì)劃要做的事, 但不表明計(jì)劃是否被執(zhí)行, 或表示“命運(yùn)(即命中注定要發(fā)生的事)”, 而非計(jì)劃；waswere to have done sth. 表示未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的計(jì)劃。I felt nervous because I was soon to leave home for the first time. 我感到很緊張, 因?yàn)槲液芸炀鸵状坞x開(kāi)家了。We were to have told you, but you were
10、 not in. 我們本來(lái)想告訴你的, 但是你不在家。(2)表示“應(yīng)該”, 相當(dāng)于should, ought to。You are to report to the police. 你應(yīng)該報(bào)警。(3)表示“必須”, 相當(dāng)于must, have to。You are to do your homework before you watch TV. 看電視之前你得先做完作業(yè)。 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)(4)表示“想, 打算”, 相當(dāng)于intend, want。If we are to be there before ten, well have to go now. 如果我們要在十點(diǎn)前到, 我們現(xiàn)在就得走。
11、(5)用于第一人稱疑問(wèn)句, 表示征求對(duì)方意見(jiàn)。Am I to go on with the work?要我繼續(xù)完成這項(xiàng)工作嗎?(6)用于否定句, 表示“禁止”, 相當(dāng)于mustnt。You are not to smoke in the reading room. 你不可以在閱覽室里吸煙。(7)表示“可以, 可能”, 相當(dāng)于may, can。The news is to be found in the evening paper. 這條消息可以在晚報(bào)上見(jiàn)到。(8)were to do sth. 用于if或even ifeven though從句中, 表示對(duì)未來(lái)的假設(shè)。 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)E
12、ven if the sun were to rise in the west, I would never do such thing. 即使太陽(yáng)從西邊出來(lái), 我也決不做這種事。(9)be to blame(該受責(zé)備, 對(duì)某壞事應(yīng)負(fù)責(zé)任)與be to let(待出租)兩種結(jié)構(gòu)中, 用不定式的主動(dòng)形式表示被動(dòng)含義。Which driver is to blame for the accident?這起事故是哪個(gè)司機(jī)的責(zé)任?This house is to let. 這房子要出租。典例剖析Close the door of fear behind you, and you_ the door o
13、f faith open before you. 2012湖南卷A. Saw B. have seen C. will see D. are seeing 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)剖析 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。從前一分句為祈使句可知此語(yǔ)境為將來(lái)的情況, 而且這是一常見(jiàn)句型“祈使句+and+表將來(lái)的句子”。故選C。對(duì)應(yīng)訓(xùn)練單項(xiàng)填空6. We have been looking for the boy all the afternoon but he is nowhere_ . A. to see B. seeing C. seen D. to be seen7. We just saw John at the b
14、ookstore. Thats strange；I didnt think he_ back until tomorrow. A. will come B. was to comeC. is coming D. is to comeD B 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)8. If the sun _ tomorrow, what would we do?A. were not to raise B. does not riseC. would not rise D. were not to rise9. Look at these clouds. _. A. Its going to rain B.
15、Its rainingC. It is to rain D. It can rain10. Who do you think_ for the failure of their marriage?A. to blame B. to be blameC. is to blame D. is to be blamed考點(diǎn)精講2 進(jìn)行時(shí)(一)一個(gè)長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作作為背景, 被一個(gè)短動(dòng)作打斷, 長(zhǎng)動(dòng)作往往用進(jìn)行時(shí), 短動(dòng)作用一般時(shí)。D AC 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)The students were writing busily when Miss Brown went to get a book in the offi
16、ce. 同學(xué)們?cè)诿χ鴮懽? 這時(shí)布朗老師去取放在辦公室的書。As she was reading the newspaper, Granny fell asleep. 奶奶讀著報(bào)就睡著了。(二)表示動(dòng)作的未完性、暫時(shí)性。I dont really work here；I am just helping out until the new secretary arrives. 我不是在此工作, 我只是在幫忙, 新秘書來(lái)了我就走。(暫時(shí)性)Shirley was writing a book about China last year but I dont know whether she has
17、 finished it. 去年Shirley在寫一本關(guān)于中國(guó)的書, 但我不知道她現(xiàn)在是否寫完了。(未完性) 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)(三)表示計(jì)劃、安排要做的事。Ive won a holiday for two days to Florida. I am taking my mum. 我獲得了一次去佛羅里達(dá)度假兩天的機(jī)會(huì)。我計(jì)劃帶著我媽媽去。(計(jì)劃)(四)表示現(xiàn)在或當(dāng)時(shí)發(fā)展中的或正在進(jìn)行的情況。I first met Lisa 3 years ago. She was working at a radio shop at the time. 三年前我遇到了麗莎, 當(dāng)時(shí)她正在一家賣收音機(jī)的商店
18、工作。Hey, look where you are going!Oh, Im terribly sorry. I wasnt noticing. 嘿, 看你走到哪去了!對(duì)不起, 我沒(méi)注意。 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)(五)表示反復(fù)出現(xiàn)或習(xí)慣性動(dòng)作, 往往含有贊賞、厭惡、遺憾等情緒, 常與always, continually, constantly等連用。He is always thinking of others first. 他總是先想到他人。He is always making the same mistake. 他總是犯同一個(gè)錯(cuò)誤。(六)瞬間動(dòng)詞的進(jìn)行時(shí)可以表示將來(lái)(見(jiàn)一般將來(lái)時(shí)的用法部分)
19、典例剖析“The moment_ soon, ”he thought to himself, waiting nervously. 2012湖南卷A. came B. has come C. was coming D. is coming剖析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)soon可知為將來(lái)的事情, 且是直接 引語(yǔ), 應(yīng)為現(xiàn)在, 所以選D項(xiàng), 進(jìn)行時(shí)態(tài)表將來(lái)。 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)對(duì)應(yīng)訓(xùn)練用所給動(dòng)詞的適當(dāng)形式填空11. You_ always_ (watch) TV. Why not do something more active?12. Watch! I _ (watch) but I _ (not s
20、ee) anything unusual. 13. Listen！The couple _ (quarrel) in the room. 考點(diǎn)精講3 完成時(shí)(一)現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)(1)一個(gè)動(dòng)作開(kāi)始于過(guò)去, 持續(xù)到現(xiàn)在(也許還將持續(xù)下去)。表示從過(guò)去延續(xù)到現(xiàn)在并包括現(xiàn)在在內(nèi)的一段時(shí)間的狀語(yǔ)有：lately, recently, in the lastpast few days years(在過(guò)去的這幾天年里), since then, ever since, are watchingam watching didnt seeare quarrelling 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)up to now, so fa
21、r(至今)等。In the past few years, great changes have taken place in my hometown. 在過(guò)去的幾年里, 我的家鄉(xiāng)發(fā)生了巨大變化。He has been busy writing a book recently. 最近他一直忙著在寫一本書。(2)一個(gè)發(fā)生在過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響, 注意這時(shí)說(shuō)話者說(shuō)話的重心在過(guò)去的事情對(duì)現(xiàn)在產(chǎn)生的影響。常用的狀語(yǔ)有already, just(剛剛), yet, never, before等。The concert has started. (=The concert is on now. )音
22、樂(lè)會(huì)已經(jīng)開(kāi)始了。(3)ThisIt is the firstsecond. . . time+ that從句。that從句謂語(yǔ)要用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。This is the first time that I have come here. 這是我第一次來(lái)這里。 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)(4)在條件、時(shí)間、讓步狀語(yǔ)從句中, 表示將來(lái)某時(shí)以前已完成的動(dòng)作。I will not believe you unless I have seen it with my own eyes. 只有我親眼看到, 我才會(huì)相信你的話。I will go with you as soon as I have finished
23、my work. 我干完了工作就和你一起去。(5)瞬間動(dòng)詞又叫非延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞或終止性動(dòng)詞。瞬間動(dòng)詞可以有現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)態(tài), 但不可以接一段時(shí)間, 若要接一段時(shí)間, 需要做一些相應(yīng)的變換。瞬間動(dòng)詞在完成時(shí)態(tài)中的否定式可以接一段時(shí)間。He has come to Beijing since last year. He has lived in Beijing since last year. He has joined the army for 3 years. 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)He has served in the army for 3 years. He joined the army 3 year
24、s ago. He has been a soldier for 3 years. It is 3 years since he joined the army. He has joined the army. 常見(jiàn)的瞬間動(dòng)詞有：come, go, get toreacharrive at, leave, buy, sell, open, close, get up, jointake part in, beginstart, returngive, borrowlend, becometurn, bringtake, die, finishend, receivehear from, mar
25、ry, break, lose, jump等。典例剖析Look！Somebody the sofa. Well, it wasnt me. I didnt do it. 2012江西卷A. is cleaning B. was cleaning C. has cleaned D. had cleaned 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)剖析 考查時(shí)態(tài)。句意：看, 有人已經(jīng)打掃了沙發(fā)。是的, 不是我, 我沒(méi)有做。過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作對(duì)現(xiàn)在造成的影響用現(xiàn)在完成時(shí)。故選C項(xiàng)。對(duì)應(yīng)訓(xùn)練同義句轉(zhuǎn)換14. He left his office 3 hours ago. He _ from his office for 3
26、 hours. It _ 3 hours since he left his office. 15. He has been dead for 4 years. He _ ago. It has been_ he died. (二)過(guò)去完成時(shí)(1)一件事情發(fā)生于過(guò)去, 而另外一件事情先于它(即表“過(guò)去的過(guò)去”), 那么在先的事情的動(dòng)詞需用過(guò)去完成 時(shí)。has been away has beenisdied 4 years 4 years since 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)這個(gè)過(guò)去的過(guò)去的時(shí)間可用before等介詞短語(yǔ)或一個(gè)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句來(lái)表示, 也可通過(guò)上下文來(lái)表示。She had learned s
27、ome English before she came to the institute. 她在來(lái)學(xué)院前已學(xué)過(guò)一些英語(yǔ)。He said that he had been abroad for 3 years. 他說(shuō)他在國(guó)外待了3年了。(2)表示從過(guò)去某一時(shí)間開(kāi)始, 一直延續(xù)到過(guò)去的另一時(shí)間的動(dòng)作, 常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)有：by then, by that time, until, by the end of, before 2000, by the time+句子等。By then he had learned English for 3 years. 到那時(shí), 他已學(xué)了3年英語(yǔ)了。Until th
28、en he had known nothing about it yet. 到那時(shí)為止, 他對(duì)此仍一無(wú)所知。 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)(3)Hardly(scarcely/barely)had. . . done. . . when. . . ；No sooner had. . . done. . . than. . . 表示“剛就, when和than從句里用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。Hardly (No sooner) had I got home when (than) the rain poured down. 我剛到家雨就傾盆而下。(4)It washad been+一段時(shí)間+since從句。sin
29、ce從句中謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。It was ten years since we had had such a wonderful time. 有十年我們沒(méi)這么高興了。(5)ThatIt was the firstsecond. . . time+ that從句。that從句謂語(yǔ)要用過(guò)去完成時(shí)。 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)It was the third time (that) he had made the same mistake. 這是他第三次犯同樣的錯(cuò)誤了。(6)表示愿望、打算一類的詞, 如：hope, expect, mean, intend, want, think, suppose等, 其
30、過(guò)去完成時(shí)表示過(guò)去未曾實(shí)現(xiàn)的愿望或意圖。I had hoped to see more of Shanghai. 我本希望在上海多看看。(但未能如愿)I had meant to help you, but I was too busy at the moment. 我本想去幫你的, 但當(dāng)時(shí)確實(shí)太忙了。(三)將來(lái)完成時(shí)將來(lái)完成時(shí)表示到將來(lái)某一時(shí)間, 某一動(dòng)作將會(huì)完成, 常用的時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)為：by+將來(lái)的某個(gè)時(shí)間。 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)By this time of next year, all of you will have become college students. 到明年的這個(gè)時(shí)候,
31、 你們大家就成了大學(xué)生了。典例剖析The manager is said to have arrived back from Paris where he_ some European partners. 2012江蘇卷A. would meet B. is meetingC. meets D. had met剖析 考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)。根據(jù)句中“is said to have arrived”可知, arrive這個(gè)動(dòng)作是在過(guò)去發(fā)生的, 而會(huì)面的動(dòng)作則在arrive的動(dòng)作之前發(fā)生的, 即在過(guò)去的過(guò)去發(fā)生的動(dòng)作, 所以用過(guò)去完成時(shí), 故選D項(xiàng)。 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)單項(xiàng)填空 1. Food supp
32、lies in the flood-stricken area_. We must act immediately before theres none left. 2012重慶卷A. have run out B. are running outC. have been run out D. are being run out2. Jack is a great talker. Its high time that _ he something instead of just talking. 2012遼寧卷A. will do B. has done C. do D. did 3. I f
33、eel so excited！At this time tomorrow morning I _ to Shanghai. 2012遼寧卷A. will be flying B. will flyC. have been flying D. have flown BD A 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)4. Did you catch what I said? Sorry. I_ a text message just now.2012四川卷A. had answering B. have answeredC. would answer D. was answering5. Can I call yo
34、u back at two oclock this afternoon? Im sorry, but by then I_ to Beijing. How about five? 2012陜西卷A. fly B. will flyC. will be flying D. am flying 6. George said that he would come to school to see me the next day, but he_. 2012北京卷 wouldnt B. didnt C. hasnt D. hadnt D CB 高考一輪總復(fù)習(xí)7. Our friendship_ qui
35、ckly over the weeks that followed. 2012北京卷A. had developed B. was developingC. would develop D. developed8. Did you ask Sophia for help? I_ need toI managed perfectly well on my own. 2012全國(guó)卷A. wouldnt B. dont C. didnt D. wont9. I had been working on math for the whole afternoon and the numbers _ before my eyes. 2012全國(guó)新課標(biāo)卷 swim B. swum C. swam D. had swumDC C 第二編 語(yǔ) 法 知 識(shí)10. The manager was concerned to hear that two of his trusted workers_. 2012山東卷A. will leave B. are leavingC. have left D. were leaving 返回目錄 繼續(xù) D
2014《名師伴你行》系列高考英語(yǔ)一輪復(fù)習(xí)配套語(yǔ)法專題學(xué)案時(shí)態(tài)和語(yǔ)態(tài)一
