專題講座2 (2)

專題講座：對八年級英語學(xué)科優(yōu)秀導(dǎo)語設(shè)計的舉例說明 太岳中學(xué) 史沁麗 常言道：良好的開端是成功的一半。一次引人入勝的課堂導(dǎo)入猶如樂曲的引子，演出的序幕，能很快吸引學(xué)生的注意力，激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，調(diào)動學(xué)生學(xué)習(xí)的積極性，從而提高課堂教學(xué)效果。因此教師應(yīng)結(jié)合學(xué)生及教學(xué)內(nèi)容的實際，以新穎靈活，豐富多采，妙趣橫生的導(dǎo)入方法牢牢吸引住學(xué)生。 然而如何導(dǎo)入新課是一項需要精心設(shè)計而且實行頗難的教學(xué)藝術(shù)，正像唱歌一樣，樂曲定調(diào)是最難的，該用F調(diào)還是用A調(diào)，往往要用較多的時間才能找準(zhǔn)它。所以導(dǎo)語設(shè)計是組織課堂教育教學(xué)的重要一環(huán)。好的導(dǎo)語可以把學(xué)生不知不覺引入到教學(xué)內(nèi)容中，使教學(xué)環(huán)節(jié)的過渡如池上飛鴻，不留痕跡。因此成功的課堂教學(xué)離不開精巧的導(dǎo)語設(shè)計。 現(xiàn)以牛津英語8B教材為例，向大家介紹一些優(yōu)秀的導(dǎo)語設(shè)計。 1、 話題導(dǎo)入 Chapter 1 Reading France is calling. 教師可以先從“旅游”的話題入手，通過問學(xué)生Do you like travelling? Where did you go last summer holiday? Which place do you like best?等問題勾起學(xué)生對過去旅游經(jīng)歷的美好回憶，繼而創(chuàng)設(shè)情景:If you have a chance to go abroad this summer holiday, which country would you like to go most? Why? 從而激發(fā)學(xué)生對旅游的暢想，然后建議學(xué)生：Why not visit France? France is calling. 二、情景導(dǎo)入 Chapter 1 Speaking 這一部分學(xué)習(xí)問路指路的內(nèi)容，教師可創(chuàng)設(shè)情景導(dǎo)入：Tomorrow is my mothers birthday. I want to buy her a present . But I am new here. I dont know where to go and how to get there. Can you help me ? 三、游戲?qū)? Chapter 2 第二單元在學(xué)習(xí)課文之前，有一個關(guān)于五種感官的學(xué)習(xí)，教師可以帶一些食物到課堂上，讓學(xué)生閉上眼睛，分別讓不同的學(xué)生smell, feel, or taste, 并說句子：It smells/feels/tastes...從而引出五種感官：sight, smell , taste , hearing and touch. 四、圖片導(dǎo)入 Chapter 3 Electricity 教師給學(xué)生展示一些生活中常用電器的圖片，并討論：What are they? What can they do? What common points are there among them? What forms of energy can they change electricity into? 這樣自然而然就引出了電的話題。 五、兒歌導(dǎo)入 Chapter 3 Writing Making rules 教師先向?qū)W生呈現(xiàn)下列兒歌： Green light, green light, Go, go,go! Red light,red light. Stop, stop, stop! Yellow light,yellow light. Wait, wait, wait. 然后讓學(xué)生邊打節(jié)奏，邊吟唱。接著向?qū)W生發(fā)問：What are they? Where do we have rules? Why do we make rules?從而導(dǎo)入新課。 六、視頻導(dǎo)入 Chapter 4 Poems 播放英文小詩歌《Twinkle twinkle little star》的視頻，并讓學(xué)生跟唱，既活躍了課堂氣氛，又激發(fā)了學(xué)生對英語詩歌的學(xué)習(xí)興趣。 七、簡筆畫導(dǎo)入 Chapter 4 Speaking 這部分學(xué)習(xí)如何表達焦慮、提建議以及拒絕建議和接受建議。教師先在黑板上畫了個圓圈，問學(xué)生：What am I going to draw? 激發(fā)了學(xué)生的思維，抓住了學(xué)生的注意力。接著，教師將畫一步一步畫完：a circle -- a face -- a girls face -- Shes unhappy. 在此期間，讓學(xué)生不斷猜測，興趣盎然。當(dāng)教師問What should we ask her ? 時，學(xué)生自然而然說出了Whats the matter ? 此時，還可讓學(xué)生再猜，最后揭曉答案：Shes bored . Can you give her some advice?待學(xué)生提建議時，教師可扮作女孩拒絕或接受建議。 八、謎語導(dǎo)入 Chapter 5 Reading Water talk A riddle It is a liquid. It has no taste at all. It has no smell. Its everywhere around us. We use it everyday. 九、時事導(dǎo)入 Chapter 6 Reading A new newspaper 結(jié)合時事，教師問學(xué)生：What important news do you know about China recently? 學(xué)生馬上可以想到The Phlipins is against China about Huangyan island. Japan wants to buy Diaoyu island.教師接著追問 How did you know that? 學(xué)生：From TV. 教師 ：We usually get news from TV. We can also get news from the radio, the Internet and newspaper. Do you or your family read newspaper every day?... I think its good to read newspaper every day. We can not only relax ourselves but also know more about our country. 十、聯(lián)系實際導(dǎo)入 Chapter 6 Speaking 學(xué)習(xí)表達祝賀、稱贊和同情的句子 教師宣布了班上一名學(xué)生英語競賽獲獎的消息：Bai Riyao won a prize in the English competition . What should we say to her? Bai is lucky, but another girl, Guo Yajuan is not so lucky. She hurt her head yesterday. What should we say to her? 其實，各種導(dǎo)入法各有優(yōu)缺點，老師在使用過程中，要根據(jù)教學(xué)內(nèi)容靈活地加以應(yīng)用，力求實用、高效。 導(dǎo)入形式多種多樣，不拘一格。借安徽傅元根同志的話說：“導(dǎo)語雖無一定之規(guī)，但有一定之妙?？偟脑瓌t是注意啟發(fā)性、知識性、趣味性。只要新課伊始就能激發(fā)學(xué)生的學(xué)習(xí)興趣，撥動其思維之弦，讓他們以最佳的興奮狀態(tài)投入學(xué)習(xí)活動，就是成功的導(dǎo)語。”這也就是課堂教學(xué)的“風(fēng)頭”了。 4