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2019-2020年高三英語(yǔ)二輪復(fù)習(xí) 題型攻略 專題1 閱讀理解 位高“分”重 第2節(jié) 順藤摸瓜 明辨詞義猜測(cè)檢測(cè) (xx遼寧沈陽(yáng)高三質(zhì)檢)Scientists in Argentina have created the world’s first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk. Genetic engineering was used to introduce the “ mothers’ milk” genes into the animal before birth，according to the National Institute of Agribusiness Technology in Buenos Aires. As an adult，the cloned cow “will produce milk that is similar to that of humans”，which will prove “a development of great importance for the nutrition of infants(嬰兒)”，said the institute.“The cloned cow，named Rosita ISA，is the first in the world with two human genes that contain the proteins present in human milk，” said the statement. In April，scientists in China published details of research showing that they had created dairy cows which produced milk containing proteins found in human breast milk. But the Argentine team said the Chinese only introduced one human gene，while their research involved two，meaning the milk will more_closely_resemble that of humans. “Our goal was to raise the nutrition value of cows’ milk by adding two human genes，which do good to the immune system of infants，” said Adrian Mutto，from the National University of San Martin which worked with the institute. Cristina Kirchner，President of Argentina，said the scientific institute made all Argentines proud. She also said that she had rejected the “ honor” of having the cow named after her.“They came to tell me that the name is Cristina，but what woman would like to have a cow named after her? It appeared to me to be more proper to call it Rosita.” 1．What is the passage mainly about? A．The importance of genetic engineering. B．Ways to improve mothers’ milk. C．A cloned cow to produce humanlike milk. D．Advanced agricultural technology in Argentina. 2．Which of the following can best replace “ more closely resemble” in Paragraph 4? A．have more varieties than B．be more similar to C．have more nutrition than D．be more different from 3．What can be inferred from Cristina Kirchner’s statements? A．She was quite satisfied with the research done by the institute. B．She considered it an honor to name the special cow. C．She felt it improper to be named after the cow. D．She refused to give a name to the cow out of selfrespect. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　阿根廷國(guó)家農(nóng)業(yè)綜合科技研究所的科學(xué)家們?nèi)涨靶?，他們已成功培育出一頭能夠產(chǎn)類似人奶的奶牛。 1．解析：選C。根據(jù)文章第一段“Scientists in Argentina have created the world’s first cow with two human genes that will enable it to produce humanlike milk.”可知，阿根廷的科學(xué)家們已成功培育出一頭能夠產(chǎn)類似人奶的奶牛。故選C項(xiàng)。 2．解析：選B。根據(jù)第四段的第二句可知，阿根廷的研究組稱中國(guó)研究組僅放入了一個(gè)人類基因，而他們的研究包含了兩個(gè)，這意味著產(chǎn)出的牛奶將和人奶更相似。故選B項(xiàng)。 3．解析：選A。根據(jù)最后一段Cristina Kirchner的話“made all Argentines proud”可推知，她對(duì)這個(gè)研究感到非常滿意。故選A項(xiàng)。 (xx吉林長(zhǎng)春質(zhì)檢)Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%，according to new UCL research carried out as part of the Public Health Research Centre. The study，published in JAMA Psychiatry，found a twoway relationship between depression and physical activity.People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms but those with more depressive symptoms were less active，particularly at younger ages. Researchers followed 11,135 people born in 1958 up until the age of 50，recording depressive symptoms and levels of physical activity at regular intervals in adulthood. They found that each additional activity period per week reduced odds of depression by 6%.In England 19% of men and 26% of women are currently classed as “ inactive”，and this study suggests that activity could significantly improve their mental as well as physical health. “Assuming the association is causal，physical activity has a protective effect against depression.If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn’t physically active became active 3 times per week，he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%，” said Dr Snehal of the UCL Institute of Child Health，lead author of the study. Professor Mark，Director of the Public Health Research Centre，said: “ Many people are already aware of the benefits of physical activity on their general health，but now we are seeing more evidence that suggests it also has a positive effect on a person’s mental wellbeing.The latest research highlights just how important it is to ensure that people are working and living in environments that allow them to be both physically active and mentally healthy.” 4．The underlined word “odds” in Paragraph 1 probably means “________”． A．benefits B．intervals C．risks D．a(chǎn)ges 5．According to the second paragraph，if people increase their weekly activity，________. A．their depressive symptoms will be fewer B．their depressive symptoms will be more C．they will bee much younger D．they will bee more depressive 6．Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the passage? A．Dr Snehal thinks it is important to be both physically and mentally healthy. B. The research shows men are more active in physical activity than women. C．Adults who insist on physical activity will avoid depression pletely. D．Increasing physical activity can free people from depression in a way. 7．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To tell us a fun story about how to protect us against depression. B．To introduce a research on the link between physical activity and depression. C．To persuade readers to increase their weekly activity. D．To describe the disadvantages of physical activity. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　最新研究表明，增加每周鍛煉身體的次數(shù)，能降低人們患抑郁癥的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。 4．解析：選C。根據(jù)第四段中的“If an adult between his twenties and forties who isn’t physically active became active 3 times per week，he would reduce his risks of depression by about 16%”可知，人們每周鍛煉三次，能讓患抑郁癥的可能性降低大約16%。由此可推斷出，odds和risks的意思一樣。故C項(xiàng)正確。 5．解析：選A。根據(jù)第二段中的“People who increased their weekly activity were reported to have fewer depressive symptoms”可知，如果人們?cè)黾铀麄兠恐苠憻挼拇螖?shù)，就會(huì)有較少的抑郁癥狀。故A項(xiàng)正確。 6．解析：選D。根據(jù)第一段中的“Being physically active three times a week reduces the odds of being depressed by about 16%”可推知，增加鍛煉身體的次數(shù)在某種程度上能降低患抑郁癥的可能性。故D項(xiàng)正確。 7．解析：選B。本文主要向讀者介紹了一項(xiàng)科學(xué)研究成果，這份研究講述的是身體鍛煉和抑郁癥之間的聯(lián)系。故B項(xiàng)正確。 Passage C Students and Technology in the Classroom I love my Blackberry—it’s my little connection to the larger world that can go anywhere with me.I also love my laptop puter，as it holds all of my writing and thought.Despite this love of technology，I know that there are times when I need to move away from these devices(設(shè)備)and truly municate with others. On occasion，I teach a course called History Matters for a group of higher education managers.My goals for the class include a full discussion of historical themes and ideas.Because I want students to thoroughly study the material and exchange their ideas with each other in the classroom.I have a rule—no laptops，iPads，phones，etc.When students were told my rule in advance of the class，some of them were not happy. Most students assume that my reasons for this rule include unpleasant experiences in the past with students misusing technology.There’s a bit of truth to that.Some students assume that I am antitechnology.There’s no truth in that at all.I love technology and try to keep up with it so I can relate to my students. The real reason why I ask students to leave technology at the door is that I think there are very few places in which we can have deep conversations and truly engage plex ideas.Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas.I want students to dig deep within themselves for inspiration and ideas.I want them to push each other to think differently and to make connections among the course，the material and the class discussion. I’ve been teaching my history class in this way for many years and the educations reflect student satisfaction with the environment that I create.Students realize that with deep conversation and challenge，they learn at a level that helps them keep the course material beyond the classroom. I’m not saying that I won’t ever change my mind about technology use in my history class，but until I hear a really good reason for the change.I’m sticking to my plan.A few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up. 8．Some of the students in the history class were unhappy with________. A．the course material B．others’ misuse of technology C．discussion topics D．the author’s class regulation 9．The underlined word “engage” in Paragraph 4 probably means________. A．explore B．a(chǎn)ccept C．change D．reject 10．According to the author，the use of technology in the classroom may ________. A．keep students from doing independent thinking B．encourage students to have indepth conversations C．help students to better understand plex themes D．a(chǎn)ffect students’ concentration on course evaluation 11．It can be inferred from the last paragraph that the author ________. A．is quite stubborn B．will give up teaching history C．will change his teaching plan soon D．values technologyfree dialogues in his class 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了作者為什么在自己的課上不允許學(xué)生們使用科技產(chǎn)品的原因。 8．解析：選D。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段的When students were told my rule in advance of the class，some of them were not happy.可知，學(xué)生們對(duì)于作者禁止他們?cè)谧约旱恼n上使用電腦等科技產(chǎn)品的規(guī)定感到不滿。 9．解析：選A。詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)劃線詞前面的we can have deep conversations可知，由于我們能夠進(jìn)行交談，所以我們能夠深入地探討復(fù)雜的問題，因此這里的engage的意思是“探討”。 10．解析：選A。細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第四段的Interruptions by technology often break concentration and allow for too much dependence on outside information for ideas.可知，作者認(rèn)為科技阻礙了學(xué)生們獨(dú)立思考的能力。 11．解析：選D。推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的I’m sticking to my plan.A few hours of technologyfree dialogue is just too sweet to give up.可知答案為B。 Passage D (xx河南鄭州質(zhì)檢)It was something she had dreamed of since she was five.Finally，after years of training and intensive workouts，Deborah Duffey was going to pete in her first high school basketball game.The goals of being an outstanding player and playing college ball were never far from Deborah’s mind. The game was against Mills High School.With 1 minute and 42 seconds left in the game，Deborah’s team led by one point.A player of Mills had possession of the ball，and Deborah ran to guard against her.As Deborah was running to block the player，her knee went out and she fell down on the court in burning pain.Just like that，Deborah’s season was over. After suffering the bad injury，Deborah found that，for the first time in her life，she was in a situation beyond her control.Game after game，she could do nothing but sit on the sidelines watching others play the game that she loved so much. Injuries limited Deborah’s time on the court as she hurt her knees three more times in the next five years.She had to spend countless hours in a physical clinic to receive treatment.Her frequent visits there gave her a passion and respect for the profession.And Deborah began to see a new light in her life. Currently as a senior in college，Deborah focuses on getting a degree in physical treatment.After she graduates，Deborah plans to use her knowledge to educate people how to best take care of their bodies and cope_with the feelings of hopelessness that she remembers so well. 12．What is the best title for this passage? A．A Painful Mistake B．A Great Adventure C．A Lifelong Punishment D．A New Direction in Life 13．How did Deborah feel when she first hurt her knee? A．Calm. B．Confused. C．Ashamed. D．Disappointed. 14．What is TRUE about Deborah Duffey? A．She didn’t play on the court after the injury. B．She injured her knee when she was trying to block a player. C．She knew that she couldn’t be a basketball player when she was a child. D．She refused to seek professional assistance to help her recover from her injuries. 15．What does the underlined phrase “cope with” in the last paragraph most likely mean? A．Put up with. B．Get along with. C．Deal with. D．e up with. 【語(yǔ)篇解讀】　本文主要介紹了Deborah Duffey是如何從籃球比賽的受傷中獲得新生的。 12．解析：選D。根據(jù)文章最后一段可知，Deborah Duffey現(xiàn)在正在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)物理療法，畢業(yè)后，她打算利用所學(xué)知識(shí)教育人們?nèi)绾握疹櫳眢w和處理無助的感覺，即Deborah找到了人生新的方向。故選D項(xiàng)。 13．解析：選D。根據(jù)第三段中的“she was in a situation beyond her control.Game after game，she could do nothing but...loved so much”可推知，Deborah對(duì)自己目前的狀況感到失望。故選D項(xiàng)。 14．解析：選B。根據(jù)第二段中的“As Deborah was running to block the player，her knee went out and she fell down on the court in burning pain”可知，Deborah在攔截一個(gè)球員時(shí)，膝蓋受傷了。故選B項(xiàng)。 15．解析：選C。根據(jù)文章最后一段的內(nèi)容可知，Deborah Duffey現(xiàn)在正在大學(xué)學(xué)習(xí)物理療法，畢業(yè)后，她打算利用所學(xué)的知識(shí)教育人們?nèi)绾握疹櫳眢w和處理無助的感覺，deal with“處理”。故選C項(xiàng)。