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1、60 backer bag 第十九篇 Musical音樂(lè)的 Robot機(jī)器人 Companion伴侶 Enhances提升 Listener聽(tīng)眾 Experience體驗(yàn) Shimi, a musical compani

2、on developed開(kāi)發(fā)by Georgia Tech’s技術(shù)學(xué)院Center中心for Music Technology技術(shù), recommends songs, dances to the beat and keeps the music pumping based on基于 listener feedback反饋. （第4題答案出處）The smartphone-enabled, one-foot-tall robot（第1題答案出處1） is billed as an interactive 互動(dòng)的“musical friend”.（第3題答案出題1） “Shimi is des

3、igned to change the way that people enjoy and think about their music，” said Professor Gil Weinberg, the robot’s creator. He will unveil the robot at the June 27th Google I/O conference in San Francisco. A band of three Shimi robots will perform for guests, dancing in sync with music created in the

4、lab and composed according to its movements. Shimi is essentially a docking station with a “brain” powered by an Android phone. Once docked, the robot gains the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the user’s mobile device. In other words, if there’s an “app” for that, Shimi is ready. For

5、 instance, by using the phone’s camera and face-detecting software，Shimi can follow a listener around the room and position its “ears”，or speakers, for optimal sound. Another recognition feature is based on rhythm and tempo. If the user taps a beat, Shimi analyzes it, scans the phone’s musical libra

6、ry and immediately plays the song that best最好的matches（第2題答案出處） the suggestion. Once the music starts，Shimi dances to the rhythm. “Many people think that robots are limited by their programming instructions, said Music Technology Ph. D. candidate Mason Bretan. “Shimi shows us that robots can be crea

7、tive and interactive. （第3題答案出題2） ’’Future apps in the works will allow the user to shake their head in disagreement or wave a hand in the air to alert Shimi to skip to the next song or increase/decrease the volume. The robot will also have the capability to recommend new music based on the user’s so

8、ng choices and provide feedback on the music play list. Weinberg hopes other developers will be inspired to create more apps to expand Shimi’s creative and interactive capabilities. “I believe that our center is ahead of a revolution that will see more robots in homes.” Weinberg said. Weinberg is

9、in the process of commercializing Shimi through an exclusive licensing agreement with Georgia Tech. Weinberg hopes to make the robot available to consumers by the 2013 holiday season. “If robots are going to arrive in homes, we think that they will be this kind of machines-- small, entertaining and

10、fun，（第5題答案出處）Weinberg said. “They will enhance your life and pave the way for more intelligent service robots in our lives.” 本文的標(biāo)題信息量很大，完全可以猜到全文將以“音樂(lè)機(jī)器人的特點(diǎn)，以及它們?nèi)绾畏?wù)人類(lèi)”的主線進(jìn)行論述。 練習(xí)： 1. Which of the following is NOT true according to the first three paragraphs? ----對(duì)錯(cuò)類(lèi) A Shimi is a one-foot-tall ro

11、bot. B Shimi is the creator創(chuàng)造者of the musical companion. C Shimi is a docking station with a“ brain” powered by an Android phone. D Shimi can gain the sensing and musical generation capabilities of the user’s mobile device. 由于此對(duì)錯(cuò)題沒(méi)有關(guān)鍵詞，且涉及到文章前三段，排除范圍會(huì)比較大。但可通過(guò)選項(xiàng)中的醒目詞反向定位關(guān)鍵詞找到答案的位置，排除選項(xiàng)A、C。結(jié)合“有相對(duì)性詞

12、往往是對(duì)的概念”，排除選項(xiàng)D。 2. What does Shimi do if the user taps a beat? ----細(xì)節(jié)類(lèi) A It stores the beat in the musical library. B It transmits the beat to the docking station. C It positions its speakers for optimal sound. D It selects a perfectly完美的-matched匹配的song and plays it in sync with that beat. 選

13、項(xiàng)D與答案出處的原文是同義替換，不確定的情況下可借助字典排查 3. Which of the following about Shimi is true? ----對(duì)錯(cuò)類(lèi) A Robots are limited by their programming instructions, and Shimi is no exception. B Present apps allow the user to shake their head to alert Shimi to skip to the next song. C Existing apps allow the user to wa

14、ve a hand to alert Shimi to turn up/down the volume. D Shimi can be creative創(chuàng)造性的 and interactive互動(dòng)的. 有相對(duì)性詞的優(yōu)先考慮，由于about后為Shimi（機(jī)器人名），出現(xiàn)頻率過(guò)高，需仔細(xì)尋找。 4. What does the author want to tell us? ---主題類(lèi) A The research研究center中心is developing開(kāi)發(fā)a stronger更強(qiáng)大的and more versatile多才多藝的Shimi. B Weinberg only e

15、xpects staffs from Georgia Tech. to develop more apps for Shimi. C Shimi is not yet technologically ready for commercialization. D Robots such as Shimi are created for large corporations rather than homes. 出現(xiàn)“author”一般為主題類(lèi)題型，選答案時(shí)應(yīng)結(jié)合文章中心句 5. Which of the following is Weinberg’s assertion主張?----態(tài)度

16、觀點(diǎn)類(lèi) A Shimi as a robotic musical companion can be applied to all types of smart phones. B human lives will be filled with more fun if Shimi is going to arrive in homes. C Shimis creative and interactive capabilities are appreciated by most of its users. D Weinberg has reached an agreement with G

17、eorgia Tech to commercialize Shimi. 通過(guò)“assertion主張”將該題分類(lèi)為態(tài)度觀點(diǎn)類(lèi)題，答案在全文倒數(shù)第二句話(huà) 第二十九篇： Ill Be Bach Composer David Cope(第1題關(guān)鍵詞) is the inventor of a computer program that writes original works of classical music(第1題答案出處). It took Cope 30 years to develop the software. Now most peopl

18、e cant tell the difference區(qū)別 between music by the famous 著名的German composer作曲家 J. S. Bach (1685--1750) and the Bach-like類(lèi)似巴赫 compositions作品, from Copes computer. 作曲家大衛(wèi) 科普發(fā)明了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件，它能編寫(xiě)出古典音樂(lè)的原創(chuàng)作品?？破栈?30 年才完成這個(gè)軟件?，F(xiàn)在，科普的計(jì)算機(jī)寫(xiě)出的作品與德國(guó)著名作曲家 J . S．巴赫寫(xiě)的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。 　　It all started in 1980 in th

19、e United States, when Cope(第2題關(guān)鍵詞) was trying to write an opera(第2題答案出處). He was having trouble thinking of new melodies, so he wrote a computer program 程序to create the melodies旋律. At first this music was not easy to listen to. What did Cope do? He began to rethink how human beings compose music. He

20、 realized that composers brains work like big databases. First, they take in all the music that they have ever heard. Then they take out the music that they dislike. Finally, they make new music from what is left. According to Cope, only the great composers(第3題關(guān)鍵詞) are able to create the database ac

21、curately, remember it, and form new musical patterns 模式from it. (第3題答案出處) 這一切始于 1980 年的美國(guó)，那時(shí)科普正在寫(xiě)一部歌劇，但是他無(wú)法創(chuàng)作出新的旋律，于是他編寫(xiě)了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件來(lái)幫他編曲。最開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，軟件寫(xiě)出的樂(lè)曲并不動(dòng)聽(tīng)。科普是怎么做的呢？他開(kāi)始重新考慮人們作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大腦就像一個(gè)大數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，他們先是吸收他們聽(tīng)過(guò)的所有音樂(lè)，然后去除他們不喜歡的，最后再根據(jù)留下的音樂(lè)來(lái)創(chuàng)作出新的旋律?？破照J(rèn)為，只有偉大的作曲家才能建立好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，并且能熟記于心，從而創(chuàng)作出新的音樂(lè)。 　　Cope built a

22、huge database of existing music. He began with hundreds of works by Bach. The software analyzed the data: it broke it down into smaller pieces and looked for patterns. It then combined the pieces into new patterns. Before long, the program could compose short Bach-like works. They werent good, but i

23、t was a start. 科普根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的音樂(lè)建立了龐大的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。最開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)包含了幾百部巴赫的作品?？破盏能浖⑦@些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析：首先它將音樂(lè)拆解成小的片段，從中找出固定模式，然后將片段組合成新的模式。不久，這個(gè)軟件就能夠?qū)懗龊桶秃诊L(fēng)格很像的小曲子。它們并不完美，但這只是個(gè)開(kāi)始。 　　Cope knew he had more work to do -- he had a whole opera to write. He continued to improve the software. Soon it could analyze more complex music. He

24、 also added many other composers, including his own work ,to the database. 科普知道，他要做的還有很多 ― 他得寫(xiě)出一整部歌劇。他進(jìn)一步完善他的軟件，不久它就能夠?qū)懗龈鼜?fù)雜的音樂(lè)了。他還在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。 　　A few years later, Copes computer program程序(第4題答案出處), called "Emmy"(第4題關(guān)鍵詞), was ready to help him with his opera. The process require

25、d a lot of collaboration between the composer and Emmy. Cope listened to the computers musical ideas and used the ones that he liked. With Emmy, the opera took only two weeks to finish. It was called Cradle Falling, and it was a great success! Cope received some of the best reviews of his career, bu

26、t no one knew exactly how he had composed the work. 幾年后，科普的軟件“艾米”已經(jīng)能夠幫助他創(chuàng)作歌劇了。創(chuàng)作過(guò)程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合?？破振雎?tīng)艾米寫(xiě)出的音樂(lè)片段，從中選取他認(rèn)為好的。有了艾米的幫助，科普只用了兩個(gè)星期就完成了這部歌劇，叫作《搖籃墜落》 。演出獲得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以來(lái)最高的評(píng)價(jià)，但是沒(méi)有人知道他究竟是怎樣創(chuàng)作出這部歌劇的。 Since that first opera, Emmy has written thousands of compositions. Cope still gives Emmy feed

27、back on what he likes and doesnt like of her music, but she is doing most of the hard work of composing (第5題答案出處)these days! 從那以后，艾米已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了上千部作品?？破宅F(xiàn)在依然會(huì)給艾米反饋，告訴她自己哪些音樂(lè)是他喜歡的，哪些是不喜歡的，但是現(xiàn)在大部分的工作是由艾米來(lái)完成的！ 練習(xí)： 　　1. The music composed by David Cope is about 　　A) classical music 古典音樂(lè) 　　B) pop music 流行音樂(lè)

28、 　　C) drama 戲劇 　　D) country music 鄉(xiāng)村音樂(lè) 　　2. By developing a computer software軟件, David Cope aimed 　　A) to be like Bach 　　B) to study Bach 　　C) to write an opera歌劇 　　D) to create a musical database 數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù) 　　3. What did Cope realize about a great 偉大的composers brain? 　　A) It works like a big dat

29、abase. 　　B) It writes a computer program. 　　C) It can recognize識(shí)別 any music patterns. 　　D) It can create melodies.旋律 　　4. Who is Emmy? 　　A) a database 　　B) a computer software軟件 　　C) a composer who helped David 　　D) an opera 　　5. We can infer推斷 from the passage that 　　A) David Cope is a co

30、mputer programmer 　　B) David Cope loves music 　　C) Bachs music helped him a lot 　　D) Emmy did much more work than a composer 答案與題解： 　　1．A第一段的第一句：David Cope發(fā)明了一個(gè)可以編寫(xiě)出古典音樂(lè)的電腦軟件。 　　2．c從第二段的第一句可以看出，David編寫(xiě)電腦軟件的目的是寫(xiě)歌劇。A、B和D都屬于創(chuàng)作歌劇的一部分。 　　3．D第二段的后半部分講的是偉大的歌劇作者與一般的歌劇作者的不同之處是通過(guò)對(duì)數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行準(zhǔn)確的構(gòu)建、記憶而后創(chuàng)作出新的音樂(lè)形

31、式。 　　4．B從第五段第一句可知Emmy是一計(jì)算機(jī)軟件。 ’ 　　5．D從本文第一句可知David是一個(gè)作曲家，不是計(jì)算機(jī)程序員，所以排除A；B、C內(nèi)容沒(méi)有提及；從本文的第五段和第六段可知，Emmy大大提高了David的創(chuàng)作速度，最后一句，大部分困難的工作都由Emmy來(lái)做，所以作曲家只干一小部分工作。 提問(wèn)　 1. The music composed by David Cope is about David Cope 創(chuàng)作的音樂(lè)是有關(guān)于 2. By developing a computer software, David Cope aimed 通過(guò)開(kāi)發(fā)電腦軟件，David

32、Cope的目標(biāo)是 3. What did Cope realize about a great composers brain? Cope 認(rèn)為偉大作曲家的大腦？ 4. Who is Emmy? 誰(shuí)是Emmy？ 5. We can infer from the passage that 通過(guò)文章可以推測(cè)出 譯文: 我也能成為巴赫 作曲家大衛(wèi) 科普發(fā)明了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件，它能編寫(xiě)出古典音樂(lè)的原創(chuàng)作品?？破栈?30 年才完成這個(gè)軟件?，F(xiàn)在，科普的計(jì)算機(jī)寫(xiě)出的作品與德國(guó)著名作曲家 J . S．巴赫寫(xiě)的作品很相似，很少有人能分辨出其中的不同。 這一切始于 1980 年的美國(guó)，那

33、時(shí)科普正在寫(xiě)一部歌劇，但是他無(wú)法創(chuàng)作出新的旋律，于是他編寫(xiě)了一個(gè)計(jì)算機(jī)軟件來(lái)幫他編曲。最開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，軟件寫(xiě)出的樂(lè)曲并不動(dòng)聽(tīng)。科普是怎么做的呢？他開(kāi)始重新考慮人們作曲的方式。他想到作曲家的大腦就像一個(gè)大數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，他們先是吸收他們聽(tīng)過(guò)的所有音樂(lè)，然后去除他們不喜歡的，最后再根據(jù)留下的音樂(lè)來(lái)創(chuàng)作出新的旋律?？破照J(rèn)為，只有偉大的作曲家才能建立好的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)，并且能熟記于心，從而創(chuàng)作出新的音樂(lè)。 科普根據(jù)現(xiàn)有的音樂(lè)建立了龐大的數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)。最開(kāi)始的時(shí)候，數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)包含了幾百部巴赫的作品?？破盏能浖⑦@些數(shù)據(jù)進(jìn)行分析：首先它將音樂(lè)拆解成小的片段，從中找出固定模式，然后將片段組合成新的模式。不久，這個(gè)軟件就能夠?qū)懗龊桶秃?/p>

34、風(fēng)格很像的小曲子。它們并不完美，但這只是個(gè)開(kāi)始。 科普知道，他要做的還有很多 ― 他得寫(xiě)出一整部歌劇。他進(jìn)一步完善他的軟件，不久它就能夠?qū)懗龈鼜?fù)雜的音樂(lè)了。他還在數(shù)據(jù)庫(kù)中加人了一些其他作曲家的作品，其中也包括他自己的作品。 幾年后，科普的軟件“艾米”已經(jīng)能夠幫助他創(chuàng)作歌劇了。創(chuàng)作過(guò)程需要作曲家和艾米共同配合。科普聆聽(tīng)艾米寫(xiě)出的音樂(lè)片段，從中選取他認(rèn)為好的。有了艾米的幫助，科普只用了兩個(gè)星期就完成了這部歌劇，叫作《搖籃墜落》 。演出獲得巨大成功，科普也得到了他有生以來(lái)最高的評(píng)價(jià)，但是沒(méi)有人知道他究竟是怎樣創(chuàng)作出這部歌劇的。 從那以后，艾米已經(jīng)寫(xiě)了上千部作品?？破宅F(xiàn)在依然會(huì)給艾米反饋，告訴她自己哪些音樂(lè)是他喜歡的，哪些是不喜歡的，但是現(xiàn)在大部分的工作是由艾米來(lái)完成的！