2018-2019學(xué)年九年級(jí)英語(yǔ)上冊(cè) Module 9 Great inventions詞句精講精練（含解析）（新版）外研版.doc

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Module 9 Great inventions 詞句精講精練 詞匯精講 1. borrow; lend和keep (1) borrow是“借進(jìn)”，即說話人向別人借東西供自己用，常用于borrow sth. from sb. / somewhere結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“從某人/某地借來某物”。例如： He borrowed a lot of money from the bank. 他從銀行借了很多錢。 May I borrow your bike? 我可以借你的自行車嗎？ You can borrow the book from the library. 你可以從圖書館借這本書。 (2) lend是“借出”，即說話人把自己的東西借給別人用，常用于lend sth. to sb. 或lend sb. sth.結(jié)構(gòu)中，意為“借給某人某物”。例如： I don’t like to lend my TV set to Tom. 我不想把電視機(jī)借給Tom。 (3) keep 意為“保存”，是延續(xù)性動(dòng)詞，borrow是瞬間動(dòng)詞，如果與一段時(shí)間連用，要用keep代替borrow。例如： Can I keep the book a little longer? 我借這本書的時(shí)間能長(zhǎng)點(diǎn)嗎？ I have kept the book for two weeks. I will return it to the library this afternoon. 這本書我已經(jīng)借了兩周了，今天下午我要把它還給圖書館。 2. look through look through是動(dòng)副結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“瀏覽，仔細(xì)地看”。其后接名詞或代詞，但代詞需放在look和through的中間。另外，look through還有“透過……看”之意。例如： Before the meeting, I looked through the reports. 會(huì)議前，我瀏覽了報(bào)告。 The boy is looking through the window of his house. 那個(gè)男孩正透過他家的窗戶看。 【拓展】look 的相關(guān)短語(yǔ)： look up(在字典、參考書中)查詢所需的信息 look for尋找 look over(醫(yī)生)仔細(xì)檢查 look around 環(huán)顧四周 look after照看 look at 看…… look down on 看不起 3. as a result as a result意為“作為結(jié)果；因此”，通常單獨(dú)使用。例如： As a result, the discussion was put off until the following week. 結(jié)果，討論被推遲到了下星期。 He fell off the bike and hurt his leg yesterday. As a result, he had to be away from school for two months. 昨天他從自行車上掉了下來，摔傷了腿。因此他不得不休學(xué)兩個(gè)月。 He didn’t practice, and as a result, he lost. 他沒有練習(xí)，所以輸了。 【拓展】 as a result of意為“因?yàn)?；由于……的結(jié)果”，后接名詞或名詞性短語(yǔ)，表示原因。例如： He was late as a result of the heavy snow. 他遲到是由于大雪所導(dǎo)致的。 As a result of warning, nobody was hurt. 由于得到了警告，因此沒有人受傷。 4. in a way in a way意為“從某種意義上說，從某種程度上說，從某一點(diǎn)來看”，是介詞短語(yǔ)。例如： Ina way，it is an important book. 在某種意義上，這是一本重要的書。 The work is well done in a way. 從某種程度上說，這項(xiàng)工作做得不錯(cuò)。 【拓展】 (1) in the way有“擋路；妨礙，阻礙”的意思。例如： Sorry, you are in the way. 對(duì)不起，你擋路了。 Her social life got in the way of her studies. 她的社交生活妨礙了學(xué)業(yè)。 (2) on the way 意為“在去某地的路上”。例如： On the way to the station，I bought some chocolate. 在去車站的路上我買了些巧克力。 (3) by the way意為“順便說一聲”。例如： By the way，have you seen Harry recently？ 順便說一句，你最近見過Harry嗎？ 5. imagine imagine是動(dòng)詞，意為“想象，推測(cè)”，后面可接名詞、代詞、賓語(yǔ)從句、復(fù)合賓語(yǔ)，常用于結(jié)構(gòu)：imagine doing sth. 想象做某事。例如： We can’t imagine what China will be like in the future. 我們無法想象將來中國(guó)是什么樣子。 I can’t imagine leaving all my friends. 我無法想象離開我所有的朋友。 No one can imagine what would happen next. 沒有人能想象出下一步會(huì)發(fā)生什么。 6. by hand by hand意為“用手的，親自的；手工”，是介詞短語(yǔ)。例如： Rice farmers here still plant and harvest their crops by hand. 這里種植水稻的農(nóng)場(chǎng)主仍是手工種植和收割莊稼。 The dish was made of silver, beaten out by hand. 這盤子是銀制的，是手工打造的。 The letter was delivered by hand. 那封信是派專人送去的。 【拓展】 by the hand意為“牽手，拉手，握手”。例如： He clasped his old friend by the hand. 他緊緊地握住老朋友的手. He took Dickson by the hand to lead him into the house. 他牽著迪克森的手把他領(lǐng)進(jìn)屋。 7. more and more more and more意為“越來越多；越來越……”。例如： More and more people are giving up smoking. 戒煙的人越來越多了。 The play gets more and more exciting in the last few scenes. 這出戲在最后幾場(chǎng)中越來越激動(dòng)人心。 【拓展】 more and more 是“比較級(jí)+and+比較級(jí)”的結(jié)構(gòu)，這種結(jié)構(gòu)表示“越來越……”。例如： The weather is getting warmer and warmer. 天氣變的越來越暖和了。 He runs faster and faster. 他跑的越來越快了。 She looks more and more beautiful. 她看起來越來越漂亮了。 8. allow sb to do sth allow是動(dòng)詞，意為“允許，準(zhǔn)許”，常用于allow sb. to do sth.允許某人做某事；allow doing sth.“允許做……”。例如： My parents don’t allow me to smoke. 我的父母不允許我抽煙。 We don’t allow eating in the classrooms. (我們)不允許在教室吃飯。 Her boss doesn’t allow her to use the telephone. 她的老板不允許她使用電話。 9. put up （1）put up 是由“動(dòng)詞+副詞”構(gòu)成的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，意為“張貼；公布”。例如: The principal put up the exam result. 校長(zhǎng)公布了這次考試的結(jié)果。 （2）put up 意為“提高；增加；抬高(租金、價(jià)格等)”。例如 ： My landlord was threatening to put the rent up by 10 dollars a week. 我房東要挾說要把每周房租提高10美元。 【拓展】 (1)“動(dòng)詞加副詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，如果賓語(yǔ)是名詞時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)可以放在副詞之前，也可以放在副詞之后。例如： Please take the book away. = Please take away the book。請(qǐng)把這本書拿走。 I put my coat on. = I put on my coat. 我穿上了我的外套。 (2)“動(dòng)詞加副詞”構(gòu)成的短語(yǔ)，如果賓語(yǔ)為代詞時(shí)，賓語(yǔ)只能放在副詞之前。例如： I don’t like the book. Please take it away. 我不喜歡這本書，請(qǐng)把它拿走。（不能說 Please take away it.） I took out my coat and put it on. 我拿出了外套，把它穿上。（不能說 put on it） 10. at a time at a time意為“每次；一次”，強(qiáng)調(diào)具體的某一次，常用于“數(shù)詞+atatime”的結(jié)構(gòu)中。例如： Let your listener answer one question at a time. 讓你的聽眾一次回答一個(gè)問題。 Hecheckedthemoffoneatatimeastheycamein. 他們進(jìn)來時(shí)，他一個(gè)一個(gè)地核對(duì)。 She reads books for hours at a time. 她常?？匆豢磿褪菐讉€(gè)小時(shí)。 【拓展】 at times意為“有時(shí)；不時(shí)；間或”，強(qiáng)調(diào)這種事不止一次，不時(shí)都會(huì)發(fā)生的。例如：IlikeBobbuthe’sveryannoyingattimes. 我喜歡鮑勃，但是他有時(shí)也很煩人。 Shecallsonmeattimes. 她有時(shí)來看我。 詞匯精練 I. 英漢互譯。 1. 張貼 _________________________ 2. on one’s way to _________________________ 3. 瀏覽_________________________ 4. 由……制成_________________________ 5. at a time _________________________ 6. by hand_________________________ 7. 結(jié)果_________________________ 8. hear from _________________________ 9. allow sb. to do______________________ 10. 代替……；取代……________________ II. 根據(jù)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，完成下列單詞的拼寫，使句意明確，語(yǔ)言通順。 1. I don’t think books can be r__________________ by computer. 2. Scientists disagree about how the universe was __________________(創(chuàng)造). 3. She was told not to __________________(傳播) this secret around. 4. He worked hard at his study. As a r , he passed the exam easily. 5. If you have to lend the camera to anyone, tell them to use it p (正確地). 6. Please p up the pictures on the wall. 7. If you want to know more information about our company, you can visit our w . 8. Please t on the light. It’s too dark in the room. 9. The young baby must be kept a from fire. 10. Always read the （說明書）before you start taking the medicine. III. 從方框中選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，并用其正確形式完成下列句子。 lend; be used for; thousands of; borrow; in a way; at a time; be made of; look through; instead of ; by hand 1. I can ______________ you the book, but you should return it to me next Monday. 2. Do you often ______________ books from your school library? 3. ______________ I agree with you. 4. Men have been making music for______________ years. 5. Tents can ______________ classrooms after an earthquake. 6. It is helpful for us to ______________ the newspaper. 7. Please take this medicine two pills ______________. 8. The workers are too tired in the factory. All work was done ______________. 9. ______________lending a hand, he laughed at us. 10. Our desks ______________wood. 參考答案 I. 英漢互譯。 1. put up 2. 在往……的路上 3. look through 4. be made of/from 5. 一次，每次 6. 手工（制造） 7. as a result 8. 收到……的來信 9. 允許某人做…… 10. instead of II. 根據(jù)首字母或漢語(yǔ)提示，完成下列單詞的拼寫，使句意明確，語(yǔ)言通順。 1. replaced 2. created 3. spread 4. result 5. properly 6. put 7. website 8. turn 9. away 10. instructions III. 從方框中選出適當(dāng)?shù)脑~語(yǔ)，并用其正確形式完成下列句子。 1. lend 2. borrow 3. In a way 4. thousands of 5. be used for 6. look through 7. at a time 8. by hand 9.Instead of 10. are made of 句式精講 1. Paper and printing have been used for ages. (1) be used for…意為“被用來做……”，介詞for表示用途，后接名詞或動(dòng)名詞。例如： A pen is used for writing. 鋼筆是被用來寫字的。 (2) be used as…意為“被用作……”，介詞as表示“作為”。例如： English is used as the second language in many countries. 英語(yǔ)在許多國(guó)家被當(dāng)作第二語(yǔ)言使用。 (3) be used by…意為“被……使用”，介詞by后面接動(dòng)詞的執(zhí)行者。例如： English is used by travelers and business people all over the world. 英語(yǔ)被全世界旅行者和商人們使用。 2. What’s more, they save a lot of paper. what’s more意為“而且；更重要的是；更有甚者”，用于進(jìn)一步說明情況，表示遞進(jìn)，可以放在句中，也可以放在句首。例如： He is going to set up a hospital; what’s more, he is going to set up an old people’s home. 他打算建一家醫(yī)院，而且他還打算建立一家養(yǎng)老院。 He took part in the activity, what’s more, he learnt a lot. 他參加了這次活動(dòng)，更重要的是，他從中學(xué)到了很多知識(shí)。 3. The internet is more powerful than books. more后接多音節(jié)形容詞或副詞，構(gòu)成比較級(jí)，表示對(duì)兩者進(jìn)行比較，意為“比……更……”。如： He is more careful than the others. 他比其他人更仔細(xì)。 Travelling by train is more relaxing than driving. 乘火車旅行比開汽車輕松得多。 【拓展】 （1）more…than…表示“比……更多”，此時(shí)more為many或much的比較級(jí)，表示數(shù)量，后接名詞。例如： I made more mistakes than you. 我犯的錯(cuò)誤比你多。 He’s got more money than the rest of us together. 他的錢比我們大家的加在一起的總數(shù)還多。 【注意】 若more受much或many的修飾，則應(yīng)分別與不可數(shù)和可數(shù)名詞連用。例如： His car cost much more money than mine. 他的小汽車所花的錢比我的多得多。 There are many more people than we expected. 這里的人比我們想象的要多得多。 （2）more…than…表示“與其說……不如說……”，此時(shí)不是對(duì)兩個(gè)對(duì)象進(jìn)行比較，而是對(duì)同一個(gè)人或物在兩個(gè)不同方面進(jìn)行比較或取舍，此時(shí)不論形容詞或副詞是單音節(jié)、雙音節(jié)還是多音節(jié)，一律用more…than…。例如： He is more lucky than clever. 與其說他聰明，不如說他幸運(yùn)。 He was more frightened than hurt. 他傷倒不算什么，可受驚不小。 4. I haven’t used it since your mum’s birthday. since可以作介詞，連接一個(gè)過去的時(shí)間點(diǎn)或一段時(shí)間+ago。例如： She has been ill since last weekend. 她自從上周末就病了。 She has been in Wuhan since four years ago. 自從四年前她就在武漢。 【拓展】 since還可以作連詞，引導(dǎo)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)從句，從句用一般過去時(shí)，主句常用完成時(shí)。例如： I have studied English since I came here. 自從我來這里就學(xué)習(xí)英語(yǔ)。 I have known her since I was five years old. 自從我五歲就認(rèn)識(shí)她。 5. As a result, there were not many books, and they were expensive. 本句中not many表示部分否定。 (1) 在英語(yǔ)里有一些用來表示“全體”或“完全”意義的總括詞，如all, every(及everybody, everything等)，both，always，quite，wholly，altogether等，凡含有這些詞的否定句并非表示全部否定，而是部分否定。如要表示全部否定需用neither, none…等。例如： Not all the ants go out for the food. 并非所有的螞蟻都外出覓食。 Money is not everything. 金錢并不是一切。 (2) 表示部分否定的形式： 1) 直接把否定詞not放在被否定的詞之前。例如： Not all birds can fly. 并不是所有的鳥都會(huì)飛。 Not both children are clever. 兩個(gè)孩子不都聰明。 We are not altogether interested. 我們并不完全感興趣。 2) 用not來否定謂語(yǔ)。例如： I can’t catch everything in the book. 我沒有完全掌握書的內(nèi)容。 All that glitters is not gold. 閃光的未必都是金子。 3) 除了上述兩種常見的形式外，部分否定還有其他表現(xiàn)形式。例如： She can’t sing and dance. 她并非既會(huì)唱歌又會(huì)跳舞。 6. Will books be replaced by the Internet? Let’s wait and see. will be replaced by… 是一般將來時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，表示“被……取代，被……代替”。被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)是動(dòng)詞的一種特殊形式，表示主語(yǔ)是動(dòng)作的承受者。一般說來，只有需要?jiǎng)幼鲗?duì)象的及物動(dòng)詞才有被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。漢語(yǔ)往往用“被”、“受”、“給”等詞來表示被動(dòng)意義。例如： 　He was elected chairman.他被選為主席。 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)由“be＋過去分詞”構(gòu)成，be隨時(shí)態(tài)的變化而變化。以do為例，常用時(shí)態(tài)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)形式為：　　 (1) am/is/are +done一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)　　 Visitors are requested not to touch the exhibits. 參觀者們被要求不能去觸摸展品。 (2) was/were done 一般過去時(shí)　　 I was given ten minutes to decide whether I should reject the offer. 我有十分鐘的時(shí)間去決定是否拒絕這個(gè)提議?！　? (3) shall/will be done 一般將來時(shí)　　 Hundreds of jobs will be lost if the factory closes.　 如果工廠關(guān)閉，將會(huì)失去數(shù)以百計(jì)的工作?！? 句式精練 I. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。 1. We can send mails on the Internet. (改為被動(dòng)句) Mails ____________ ____________ ____________ on the Internet. 2. We can borrow books from the library. (改為被動(dòng)句) The books can ____________ ____________ from the library. 3. I have received his letter. (改為被動(dòng)句) His letter ____________ ____________ ____________. 4. The radio has been turned on by him. (就劃線部分提問) ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ ____________ by him? 5. You have finished your work.(改為一般疑問句) ____________ ____________ ____________ your work? II. 完成句子，每空一詞。 1. 我想我們應(yīng)該去散步，而不是待在家里。 I think we should go for a walk ____________ ____________ staying at home. 2. 你經(jīng)常上網(wǎng)瀏覽嗎？ Do you often ____________ ____________ the Internet? 3. 每次你可以從圖書館借兩本書。 You can borrow two books from the library ____________ ____________ ____________. 4. 大明今天早上起晚了，結(jié)果誤了校車。 Daming got up late this morning. ____________ ____________ ____________, he missed the school bus. 5. 更重要的是，在中國(guó)，教師獲得越來越多的尊重。 ____________ ____________, teachers are respected more and more in China. 6.我已經(jīng)把圖片掛在墻上了。 I ____________ ____________ ____________ the pictures on the wall. 7. 在將來，書將會(huì)被電腦代替。 Books ____________ ____________ ____________ by computers in the future. 8. 我們常常把黨比作太陽(yáng)。 We often ____________ our Party ____________ the sun. 9. 你知道這些紙是絲制的嗎？ Do you know that the paper ____________ ____________ ____________ silk? 10.我昨天收到了湯姆的來信。 I ____________ ____________ Tom yesterday. III.把下列句子改為同義句，每空一詞。 1. I will take care of your son. Your son will _________ _________ _________ _________ by me. 2. My hometown has changed greatly in the last two years. Great changes _________ _________ in my hometown in the last two years. 3. You should hand in the homework at once. Your homework should _________ _________ in at once. 4. My mother has given Tony a present for Christmas. Tony _________ _________ _________ a present for Christmas by my mother. 5. We haven’t been told what to do next. We haven’t been told what _________ _________ _________ next. IV. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。 A．Maybe light bulbs(燈泡) are the most useful inventions． B．What kind of book do you want to borrow? C．Great inventions have changed the world a lot． D．Why do you think so? E．What do you think the most useful invention is? A：Where are you going，Tony? B：The library．I want to borrow some books． A： 1 B：About inventions．You know I have to prepare for the science lesson． A： 2 And we humans are really great． B：That’s true．People have made lots of inventions． A： 3 B：Sorry，I’m not sure． 4 A：I don’t agree．In my opinion, cars are the most useful． B： 5 A：Because I can go anywhere quickly and conveniently in my car． 參考答案 I. 句型轉(zhuǎn)換，每空一詞。 1. can be sent 2. be borrowed 3. has been received 4. What has been turned on 5. Have you finished II. 完成句子，每空一詞。 1. instead of 2. look through 3. at a time 4. As a result 5. What’s more 6. have put up 7. will be replaced 8. compare, to 9. is made from 10. heard from III.把下列句子改為同義句，每空一詞。 1. be taken care of 2. have happened 3. be handed 4. has been given 5. we should do IV. 補(bǔ)全對(duì)話。 1. B 2. C 3. E 4. A 5. D