2020年中考英語語法語法高頻考點提升訓練 專題9 簡單句和并列句

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1、專題9 簡單句與并列句 考點一、簡單句的類型及其用法 1）S + Vi +?副詞（狀語）eg：Birds sing?beautifully. 2）S + Vi +?介詞短語（狀語）eg：He went?on holiday. 3）S + Vi +?不定式（狀語）eg：We stopped?to have a rest. 4）S + Vi +?分詞（狀語）eg：I'll go?swimming. 簡單句 ?基本句型一：主+謂=?Ｓ+Ｖi?（主＋不及物動詞） 1）S + V +?名詞/代詞??eg：He is?a boy. 2）S + V +?形容詞?

2、?eg：She is?beautiful. 3）S + V +副詞 eg：Class isover. 4）S + V +?介詞短語 eg：He isin good health. 5）S + V+?分詞? eg：He is?excited.? ?基本句型二：Ｓ+?Ｖ系+?Ｐ（主＋系＋表） 1）S + Vt +?名詞/代詞???eg：I like?music. ??She hates?him. 2）S + Vt +?不定式???eg：I want?to help him. 3）S + Vt +?疑問詞+?不定式???eg：I don't know?wha

3、t to do. ★常用于這句型的動詞有：ask, decide, forget,? know等。 4）S + Vt +?動名詞???eg：I enjoyliving?here. ★常用于這句型的動詞有：advise, enjoy, finish, mind,等。 5）S + Vt +?賓語從句??eg：I don't think?(that) he is right. ★常用于這句型的動詞有：hope, know, notice, think,等。 ?基本句型三：Ｓ+?Ｖt +?Ｏ（主＋及物＋賓） 1）S + Vt +?間接賓語+?直接賓

4、語 eg：I sent him a book.? Give me a cup of tea ,please. 2）S + Vt +?直接賓語+ to/for +?間接賓語 eg：He sent a book to me.? Show this house to Mr. Smith [說明]?①間接賓語前需要加to 的常用動詞有：bring, give, pass, pay, read, sell, send, show, teach, tell, wish, write等。 ②間接賓語前加for 的常用動詞有：buy, get, make 等。 ?基本句型四：Ｓ+?Ｖt

5、 + IO + DO?（主＋及物＋間賓＋直賓） 1）S + Vt +?賓語+?名詞??eg：We named our babyTom. 2）S + Vt +?賓語+?形容詞??eg：He painted the wall?white. 3）S + Vt +?賓語+?介詞短語eg：I often find him?at work?. 4）S + Vt +?賓語+?不定式?eg：I wish you?to stay.?? 5）S + Vt +?賓語+?分詞?eg：I heard my namecalled（表示被動）；I feel something?moving

6、（表示進行）. 6）S + Vt +?賓語+?疑問詞+不定式?eg：He show me how?to do it. ?基本句型五：Ｓ+?Ｖt +?Ｏ+?ＯＣ（主＋及物＋賓＋賓補） 1.?基本句型一：主+謂=?Ｓ+Ｖi?（主＋不及物動詞） 主語：可以作主語的成分有名詞，主格代詞，動詞不定式，動名詞等等。主語一般在句首。 謂語：謂語由動詞構(gòu)成，是英語時態(tài)、語態(tài)變化的主角，一般在主語之后。不及物動詞（vi.）沒有賓語，形成主謂結(jié)構(gòu)，如: S(主）+ Vi（不及物動詞）（謂語）We?│come.；The baby│cried. 此句型的句子有一個共

7、同特點：即句子的謂語動詞都能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做不及物動詞，后面可以跟副詞、介詞短語、狀語從句等。 ?2.?基本句型二：Ｓ+?Ｖ系+?Ｐ（主＋系＋表） 此句型的句子有一個共同的特點：句子謂語動詞都不能表達一個完整的意思，必須加上一個表明主語身份或狀態(tài)的表語構(gòu)成復合謂語，才能表達完整的意思。這類動詞叫做連系動詞。表語也就是主語的補足語 This?│is?│an English-Chinese dictionary. The dinner?│smells?│good.???????????? He │is growing?│tall and strong.?? ??? 3.?基

8、本句型三：Ｓ+?Ｖt +?Ｏ（主＋及物＋賓） 此句型句子的共同特點是：謂語動詞都具有實義，都是主語產(chǎn)生的動作，但不能表達完整的意思，必須跟有一個賓語，動作的承受者，才能使意思完整。這類動詞叫做及物動詞。 eg：Who?│knows?│the answer? He?│likes?│English. 4.?基本句型四：Ｓ+?Ｖt + IO + DO（主＋及物＋間賓＋直賓） 有些及物動詞可以有兩個賓語,?它們通常一個指人(間接賓語)；一個指物(直接賓語)。 eg:??She│gave│me│a new book. He│brought│you?│a dictionary. 5.?基本

9、句型五：Ｓ+?Ｖt +?Ｏ+?ＯＣ（主＋及物＋賓＋賓補） 此句型的句子的共同特點是：動詞雖然是及物動詞，但是只跟一個賓語還不能表達完整的意思，必須加上一個補充成分來補足賓語，才能使意思完整。 賓語補足語：位于賓語之后對賓語作出說明的成分?？梢杂米髻e語補足語的有：名詞，形容詞，不定式，動名詞，分詞，介詞短語等。 考點二、并列句的類型及其用法 常用的連詞有 and( 同，和 ), when(=and just at this time 就在這時，然后 ), not only…but (also)…( 不僅……而且…… ), neither…nor…（既不……也不……）等。如：He help

10、s me and I help him. He not only gave us a lot of advice, but also helped us to study English. ?聯(lián)合關(guān)系 常用的連詞有or( 或者，否則 ), otherwise( 否則 ), or else( 否則 ), ither...or( 不是……就是 ) 。如：You must go early, otherwise you will miss the bus. Either Tom is coming or his sisters are. ?選擇關(guān)系

11、并列句 常用的連詞有 but( 但是，可是，只是因為), while( 而、卻 ), yet( 可是 ) 等。如：I like tea while she likes coffee. She said she would be late, yet she arrived on time. 此處，還有副詞 still( 仍然），however( 然而 ) 也表示轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 Although she felt ill, she still went to work. ?轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 常用的連詞有 for（因為）和so（所以，因此）等。如：I am t

12、hirsty, for it is hot. The manager was ill so I went in her place. 注意： so 不與 because 連用 ?因果關(guān)系 一、選擇填空 1.I?help?him___?he?helps?me.?We?help?each?other.? A.?but? B.?and? C.?or? D.?though? 2.___?he?___?I?am?a?doctor. A.?Both;?and? B.?Either;?nor? C.?Neither;?nor? D.?Neit

13、her;?and? 3?Some?of?us?would?like?to?act?the?story?___?it?isn't?finished?yet.? A.?but? B.?and? C.?though? D.?so 4?One?more?week,?___?we?will?finish?the?task.? A.?or? B.?so?that ?C.?and? D.?if? 5?"The?ground?must?be?just?right?___?too?wet?___?too?dry.? A.?either;?or? B.?both;?and?

14、 C.?between;?and? D.?neither;?nor 6?Sam?was?ill?yesterday,?so?he________his?homework.? A.?didn't? B.?not?did? C.?didn't?do? D.?didn't?did? 7?Sorry,?there's?only?one?seat?left.?___?you___?she?can?have?it.? A.?neither;?nor? B.?Either;?or? C.?Both;?and? D.?Not;?but? 8?He?_________

15、coffee?at?all.?He?_________?tea.? A.?doesn't?like,?prefers? B.?likes,?doesn't?prefer? C.?would?like,?not?prefers? D.?prefers,?is?not?food?of? 9?We?_________?happy?about?the?price?of?meat. A.?don't? B.?are?not? C.?won't? D.?weren't?being 10?I?______?trouble?finding?the?place.? A.

16、?didn't?have?many? B.?haven't?a?great?deal?of? C.?didn't?have?much? D.?hadn't?a?lot?of? 11?_______?of?us?likes?the?film.? A.?Both? B.?All? C.?Neither? D.?Some? 12?Which?sentence?is?right?? A.?I?don't?think?that?he?is?not?right.? B.?I?think?he?is?not?right.? C.?I?don't?thi

17、nk?that?he?is?right.? D.?I?think?he?was?not?right. 13?They?are?___?young?___?carry?the?box?onto?the?table.? A.?enough;?too? B.?too;?to? C.?so;?to ?D. very;?to? 14?They?________?lunch?at?home?every?day.? A.?have?not? B.?didn't?have? C.?don't?have? D.?have?not?any? 15--________?is?y

18、our?English?teacher?like??--He?is?tall?and?thin.? A.?How? B.?What? C.?Which? D.?/? 16?--_________do?you?like?the?new?play??--It's?good?and?interesting.? A.?How? B.?Which? C.?What? D.?Whom? ? ? 17?Pay?attention?please,?___?of?you?want?to?attend?the?party?? A.?who ?B.?which? C.?

19、whom? D.?what? 18?--___?did?you?sleep?last?night??--I?stayed?up?too?late?to?go?to?sleep.? A.?How? B.?When? C.?Why ?D.?Where? 19?It?is?getting?dark.?Our?teacher_________.? A.?lets?us?to?go?home? B.?lets?us?go?home? C.?let?us?go?to?home? D.?let?we?go?home? 20?_________?she?

20、sings!? A.?What?beautiful? B.?How?beautiful? C.?What?beautifully? D.?How?beautifully? 二、用括號內(nèi)所給詞的適當詞匯填空 1.—_______（What?a/ What）?friendly?boy?he?is!?—Yes.?He’s?always?ready?to?help?others.? 2.—Your?father?went?to?the?park?yesterday,?_______ ?（didn’t?he/ doesn’t?he?）??—Yes,?he?did.? 3.—?I?don’

21、t?like?horror?films.?They’re?terrible.?—________（Neither?I?do/ Neither?do?I）.? 4. Pay?attention?to?your?manners,? _______（or/ either）you’ll?be?laughed?at. 5.—Don’t?you?go?to?school?by?bike??—_______（No,?I?do/ No,?I?don’t）.?I?walk?to?school?every?day. 6.?—________（Where/ Who）is?your?father,?Mike?

22、?—He?is?cooking?in?the?kitchen.? 7. —I?will?go?fishing?this?weekend.???—_______（So?I?will/ So?will?I）.?Let’s?go?together.??? 8.—Don’t?be?late?for?school?next?time,?________（will?you/ do?you）??—No,?I?won’t.? 9.It never rains（but / and）it pours. 10.I like tea（while / when）she likes coffee. 三、翻譯

23、下列簡單句。 1.天氣很冷。 2.我父親是一個物理老師。 3.他父親出國了。 4.他在一家大公司工作。 5.我喜歡流行音樂。 6.她知道下一步做什么。 7.他教我們化學。 8.請告訴我你的電話號碼。 9.我們必須保持房間干凈。 10.他喜歡看男孩們踢足球。 四、詞語運用 根據(jù)漢語的提示，從方框中選擇適當?shù)脑~填空，使句子通順、意思完整。 or；otherwise；either…or；although；for；so；neither…nor；and or (else)；yet； but； still； however； not only…but also；when 1.

24、He helps me______and I help him. 他幫我，我?guī)退? 2.He ______not only gave us a lot of advice, ______but also helped us to study English. 他不僅給我們出很多建議并且還幫助我學英語。 3.I was just leaving ______ the telephone rang. 我正要離開，電話鈴響了。 4.Hurry up, ______ you’ll be late.快點，否則就會遲到了。 5.Will he still be there ______ will

25、he have gone away?他那時還在那里還是可能已經(jīng)走了？ 6.You must go early, ______ you will miss the bus.你好得早點走，否則就趕不上公共汽車了。 7.______ Tom is coming ______ his sisters are.不是湯姆就是她的姐妹們要來。 8.She said she would be late, ______ she arrived on time.她說她會遲到，但她卻準時到達了。 9.She looks very young, ______ she is already in her 30’

26、s.她看上去很年輕 , 可是她已三十多歲了。 10.He is good-natured; ______ I don''t like him.他脾氣很好 , 可是我還是不喜歡他。 11.The book is expensive; ______, it''s worth it.這本書很貴；卻很值。 12. ______ she felt ill, she still went to work.她雖然感覺不舒服，但她仍然去上班。 13.I am thirsty, ______ it is hot. 我口渴，因為天氣太熱。 14.The manager was ill ______ I

27、went in her place. 經(jīng)理病了所以我代她去。 15. Neither______ has he changed his mind, nor______ will he do so. 他既沒有改變主意，也不打算這樣做。 五、詞語運用 閱讀短文，用but；for；so；and填空，使短文通順、意思完整。 Last week I went to the theatre___1___I had a very good seat. The play was very interesting ___2___ I did not enjoy it. A young man and a

28、 young woman were sitting behind me ___3___they were talking loudly. I got very angry, ___4___I could not hear the actors,___5___ I turned round and looked at the man and the woman angrily, ___6___ they did not pay attention. In the end, I could not bear it. I turned around again. "I can’t hear a wo

29、rd. I said angrily. "It’s none of your business, the young man said rudely. "This is a private conversation! 六、完形填空 Many people keeps small fish ___1___ pet. They keep them in a tank ___2___ a lot of water and small plants in it. The tank is made of glass so that people can see inside the tank __3

30、__ watchthe fish. The fish need room. They mustn't be crowded. They need oxygen to breathe. ___4___ must be enough water for all fish. ___5___the size of the tank is very important. In the tank people put small plants which are good for?fish. They?give oxygen to?the?water.?Plants help?the?fish?in?o

31、ther ways, too.?They?can?hide among?the plants,?sleep?___6___??lay?eggs?there. The fish ___7___be kept in water all the time. So the tank should be covered ___8___ the fish will iump out. The fish need food and should be fed every day. ___9___ if you give them too much food, it is very bad, ___10__

32、_the extra food willl fall to the bottom and make the water dirty. So the fish should get just enough food and finish it in ten minutes. Nothing should be left. 1.A.?for B. as C.?because D. because of 2.?A. with B?within C.?without D.?having 3.?A.but

33、 B?and C.?so D.?or 4.?A.Here B. There C. That D. This 5. A. So B.?yet C. but D. still 6. A.?and B.for C. when D.or (else) 7.A.may B. should C.?can ?D.?could 8.A?otherw

34、ise B.?or C.yet D.?A and B 9.A. But B.?Though C.?however D. although 10.?A. for B.so C.?enriched D?enriching 參考答案： 一、1—5?BCCCD?6---10?CBABC?11---15?CCBCB?16---20?ABCBD 二、1. What?a 2. didn’t?he 3. Neither?do?I 4.or 5. No,?I?do

35、n’t 6. Where 7. can?he 8. So?will?I 9. but 10. while 三、The weather is very cold． My father is a physics teacher． His father has gone abroad． He works in a big company． I like popular music． She knows what to do next． He teaches us chemistry． Please tell me your telephone number． We

36、 must keep the room clean． He likes to watch the boys playing football． 四、1.and 2.not only…but also 3.when 4.or (else) 5.or 6.otherwise 7.either…or 8.yet 9.but 10.still 11.however 12.although 13.for 14.so 15. Neither…nor 五、1.and 2.but 3.and 4.for 5.so 6.but 六、1—5BABBA 6—10ABDAA