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黑龍江工程學院本科生畢業(yè)設計
摘 要
變速器是汽車傳動系統(tǒng)中比較關鍵的部件，它的設計好壞將直接影響到汽車的實際使用性能。變速器用來改變發(fā)動機傳到驅(qū)動輪上的轉(zhuǎn)矩和轉(zhuǎn)速，目的是在原地起步，爬坡，轉(zhuǎn)彎，加速等各種行駛工況下，使汽車獲得不同的牽引力和速度，同時使發(fā)動機在最有利工況范圍內(nèi)工作。變速器設有空擋和倒擋。需要時變速器還有動力輸出功能。
因為變速箱在低檔工作時作用有較大的力，所以一般變速箱的低檔都布置靠近軸的后支承處，然后按照從低檔到高檔順序布置各檔位齒輪。這樣做既能使軸有足夠大的剛性，又能保證裝配容易。變速箱整體結(jié)構(gòu)剛性與軸和殼體的結(jié)構(gòu)有關系。一般通過控制軸的長度即控制檔數(shù)，來保證變速箱有足夠的剛性。
本文設計研究了兩軸式五擋手動變速器，對變速器的工作原理做了闡述，變速器的各擋齒輪和軸做了詳細的設計計算，并進行了強度校核，對一些標準件進行了選型。變速器的傳動方案設計并講述了變速器中各部件材料的選擇。
關鍵字：變速器；傳動比；齒輪；軸；強度校核
ABSTRACT
Transmission is more critical in automotive driveline components, its design will directly affect the vehicle's actual performance. Transmission is used to change the engine torque on the wheel and reached the speed, aimed at standing start, climbing, cornering, acceleration and other driving conditions, making the car get different traction and speed, while the engine in the most favorable conditions within the work. Transmission with neutral and reverse gear. Necessary transmission power output as well.
Because the role of transmission in low-grade work, have a greater force, it is generally low-grade transmission are arranged close to the shaft bearing at the rear, then follow the order from low to high gear arrangement of the stalls. This not only makes a large enough axial rigidity, but also ensures easy assembly. The overall structure of the gearbox shaft and the rigid shell structure with a relationship. Usually by controlling the length of the shaft that controls the number of files, to ensure there is sufficient rigidity gearbox.
This design study of the two-axis five-speed manual transmission, the transmission works are described in detail, transmission gears and shafts of the gear to do the detailed design calculations, and make a strength check, carried out a number of standard parts selection . Transmission of the transmission design and about the transmission of each component material selection.
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Keywords : transmission；Transmission ratio；Gear；Axis；Checking
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