外文翻譯--錨桿鉆機【中英文文獻(xiàn)譯文】
外文翻譯--錨桿鉆機【中英文文獻(xiàn)譯文】,中英文文獻(xiàn)譯文,外文,翻譯,鉆機,中英文,文獻(xiàn),譯文
大慶石油學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
Anchor drilling
Document Type and Number:
United States Patent 4201270
Abstract:
An operator controlled roof bolter with a flexible shaft drill and a roof bolt inserter for drilling and inserting a roof bolt into an unsupported roof of a mine while the operator is positioned at an outby station under a supported roof. The flexible shaft roof drill is constrained to a frame of the roof bolter for pivoting movement between a rest position and a working position. The roof bolt inserter is mounted on a slide for linear movement and limited rotational movement between a retracted position and an extended position for positioning a roof bolt held by the inserter into registration with a hole drilled by the roof drill.
Inventors:
Ribich, William A. (Lexington, MA, US)
Hug, Hans A. (Weston, MA, US)
Bellows, Alfred H. (Belmont, MA, US)
Application Number:
906237
Filing Date: 05/15/1978
Publication Date: 05/06/1980
Primary Class: 173/193
Other Classes: 81/57.25, 81/57.41, 173/46, 173/52, 405/259.1, 405/303.
BACKGROUND OF THE INVENTION
1. Field of the Invention
The present invention relates to the supporting of underground mine roofs and, more particularly, is directed towards an apparatus for drilling holes in the roof of a mine and for inserting roof bolts into such holes.
2. Description of the Prior Art
In underground mines, the roof is supported by roof bolts which are inserted into holes drilled into the roof strata. An apparatus for drilling holes having a depth substantially greater than the height of the mine passageway in which the apparatus is located is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,057,115. An apparatus for inserting roof bolts into the drilled holes is described in U.S. Pat. No. 4,003,233.
Although progress has been made in roof bolting apparatus, roof bolting remains one of the most hazardous mining occupations for several reasons. The operator inserting the roof bolt is stationed inby at an area in which the roof is unsupported. It is the operator's task to drill and to insert roof bolts in this unsupported area. Consequently, the operator is exposed to the hazard of having sections of the unsupported roof fall on him. Mine personnel have been injured by flying objects from the exposed rotating drill steel and tools employed to tighten the roof bolts. Workers are also exposed to the risk of being caught on and pulled into the rotating portions of the mining apparatus.
Attempts to develop roof bolters which are capable of remotely installing bolts have been met with limited success even for the simplest case when the bolts are shorter than the height of the mine passageway. Such attempts have resulted in complex and costly systems which suffer from low reliability due to many moving parts and continual readjustment. A need has arisen for an improved roof bolting system which does not suffer from the heretofore mentioned disadvantages.
What is claimed is:
1. An operator controlled roof bolting system for drilling holes in the roof strata of a mine and for inserting roof bolts into the drilled holes while the operator is in a safe area, said system comprising:
(a) a frame with an outby operator's station;
(b) roof drill means for drilling a hole in the roof strata, said roof drill means mounted to said frame for pivotal movement about an axis between a rest position and a working position;
(c) first means operatively connected to said roof drill means and said frame for pivotally moving said roof drill means about said axis between said rest position and said working position:
(d) roof bolt inserter means for inserting a roof bolt into a hole drilled in the roof strata by said roof drill means, said roof bolt inserter means mounted to said frame for movement between a retracted position and an extended position, said roof bolt inserter means including slide means mounted to said frame for pivoting movement about said axis; and
(e) second means operatively connected to said roof bolt inserter means and said frame for moving said roof bolt inserter means between said retracted position and said extended position, said roof bolt inserter means proximate to said operator's station when in said retracted position, whereby the operator can place a roof bolt in said roof bolt inserter means while remaining at said operator's station.
2. The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said roof drill means is a flexible shaft roof drill.
3. The system as claimed in claim 1, wherein said roof drill means is a longer-than-seam height drill.
4. The system as claimed in claim 1 wherein said roof bolt inserter means includes a working head mounted to said slide means, said slide means pivotally mounted to said frame, third means operatively connected to said slide means and said frame for pivotally moving said slide means about said axis.
5. The system as claimed in claim 1, including a plate for pushing a roof bolt inserted into the drilled hole and plate means for moving said plate into engagement with the roof bolt, said plate means connected to said frame and said plate.
6. An operator controlled roof bolting system for drilling holes in the roof strata of a mine and for installing roof bolts into the drilled holes while the operator is in a safe or supported area, said system comprising: (a) a frame;
(b) roof drill means for drilling a hole in the roof strata, said roof drill means configured to drill a hole having a depth which is greater than the height of the mine, said roof drill means mounted to said frame for pivoting movement about an axis between a rest position and a working position;
(c) first actuator means operatively connected to said roof drill means and said frame for pivotally moving said roof drill means about said axis;
(d) roof bolt inserter means for inserting a roof bolt into a hole drilled in the roof strata by said roof drill means, said roof bolt inserter means including slide means and a working head, said slide means mounted to said frame for pivoting movement about said axis, said slide means linearly movable between a retracted position and an extended position, said working head carried by said slide means and linearly movable between said retracted position and said extended position, said working head configured to insert a roof bolt having a length which is no longer than the height of the mine into a hole drilled by said roof drill means, said drill means and said roof bolt inserter means independently movable about said axis;
(e) second actuator means operatively connected to said slide means for linearly moving said slide means between said retracted position and said extended position;
(f) third actuator means operatively connected to said slide means and said frame for pivotally moving said working head about said axis;
(g) said roof bolt inserter proximate to said operator's station when in said retracted position, whereby the operator can place a roof bolt in said roof bolt inserter while remaining at said operator's station.
7. The system as claimed in claim 6 wherein said roof drill means includes a drill and an arm, said drill carried by said arm, fourth actuator means operatively connected to said drill and said arm for moving said drill relative to said arm, said drill constrained for substantially vertical movement relative to said arm, said arm pivotally mounted to said frame for movement about said axis.
8. The system as claimed in claim 7 including torquer means mounted to said working head, said torquer means configured to engage the inserted roof bolt and to tighten the roof bolt to a perdetermined torque.
9. An operator controlled roof bolting system for drilling holes in the roof strata of a mine and for inserting roof bolts into the drilled holes while the operator is in a safe area, said system comprising:
(a) a frame with an outby operator's station;
(b) roof drill means for drilling a hole in the roof strata, said roof drill means pivotally mounted to said frame for pivotal movement about a first axis between a rest position and a working position;
(c) first means operatively connected to said roof drill means and said frame for pivotally moving said roof drill means about said first axis between said rest position and said working position;
(d) roof bolt inserter means for inserting a roof bolt into a hole drilled in the roof strata by said roof drill means, said roof bolt inserter means slidably mounted to said frame for slidable movement between a retracted position and an extended position; said roof bolt inserter means including a working head and slide means, said slide means pivotally mounted to said frame;
(e) second means operatively connected to said roof bolt inserter means and said frame for slidably moving said roof bolt inserter means between said retracted position and said extended position; and
(f) third means operatively connected to said slide means and said frame for pivotally moving said slide means about said first axis;
(g) said roof bolt inserter means proximate to said operator's station when in said retracted position, whereby the operator can place a roof bolt in said roof bolt inserter means while remaining at said operator's station.
10. An operator controlled roof bolting system for drilling holes in the roof strata of a mine and for inserting roof bolts into the drilled holes while the operator is in a safe area, said system comprising:
(a) a frame with an outby operator'station;
(b) a flexible shaft roof drill for drilling a hole in the roof strata, said roof drill mounted to said frame for movement between a rest position and a working position;
(c) first means operatively connected to said roof drill and said frame for moving said roof drill between said rest position and said working position;
(d) roof bolt inserter means for inserting a roof bolt into a hole drilled in the roof strata by said roof drill, said roof bolt inserter means mounted to said frame for movement between a retracted position and an extended position;
(e) second means operatively connected to said roof bolt inserter means and said frame for moving said roof bolt inserter means between said retracted position and said extended position, said roof bolt inserter means proximate to said operator's station when in said retracted position, whereby the operator can place a roof bolt in said roof bolt inserter means while remaining at said operator's station;
(f) third means mounted to said frame; and
(g) a plate mounted to said third means, said plate configured to push a roof bolt inserted into the drilled hole, said third means moving said plate into engagement with the roof bolt.
SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION
It is an object of the present invention to provide a roof bolting system which does not suffer from the heretofore mentioned disadvantages and limitations. A further object of the invention is to provide a simple and reliable roof bolting system for remote drilling and insertion of roof bolts, particularly bolts that are longer than the height of the mine passage.
Another object of the invention is to provide a simple and reliable roof bolting system with an outby operator's station for remote drilling and insertion of roof bolts in which an inserter is moved rearwardly towards an operator for reception of the bolt rather than having the bolt fed forwardly to the inserter from the operator. Such a system includes a rugged mechanism for moving the inserter which is simpler and more reliable than bolt feed systems.
Yet another object of the invention is to provide an operator controlled roof bolter with a flexible shaft roof drill or other longer than seam height drill and a roof bolt inserter for drilling and inserting a roof bolt into an unsupported roof of a mine while the operator is outby and is positioned under a supported roof. The flexible shaft roof drill is mounted to a frame of the roof bolter and is constrained for pivoted movement between a rest position and a working position. The roof bolt inserter is configured to bend and feed roof bolts having a length that is greater than the height of the mine passageway. A head of the roof bolt inserter is mounted on a slide for linear movement and limited rotational movement between a retracted position and an extended position in order to align the advancing roof bolt with a hole drilled in the roof strata of the mine by the flexible shaft roof drill. In the retracted position, the inserter is in place to receive a roof bolt from an operator without requiring the operator to leave a supported or safe area. The hole is drilled when the roof drill is in its working position. Upon completion of the drilling step, the roof drill is pivoted to its rest position and the roof bolter inserter is moved to its extended position. A controller is provided for aligning the roof bolt and the drilled hole. A hydraulically actuated plate pushes the inserted roof bolt further into the drilled hole. A torquer engages the inserted roof bolt and tightens the roof bolt to effect the roof support.
5
大慶石油學(xué)院本科生畢業(yè)設(shè)計（論文）
錨桿鉆機
文件類型和號碼:
美國專利權(quán) 4201270
摘要:
操作者控制錨桿鉆機通過一個揉性軸帶動鉆頭和一個為實現(xiàn)鉆進的錨桿鉆機桅桿的相互移動插入一根錨桿在無支護的礦井頂部，這時操作者站在被支護的巷道下面的車體旁邊。因為揉性軸轉(zhuǎn)動同時在一個靜止位置和一個工作位置之間的運動，錨桿鉆機的桅桿被固定在巷道頂部，錨桿鉆機鉆頭安裝在可作線性移動的滑道上并且在收縮位置和擴展位置之間轉(zhuǎn)動，用以通過錨桿鉆機在巷道頂部鉆孔，并且通過螺栓將錨桿緊固在所鉆的孔處。
發(fā)明家:
瑞比斯,威廉一. (勒克星敦、文學(xué)碩士, 美國)
哈戈,漢斯一. (費斯頓標(biāo)準(zhǔn)電池、文學(xué)碩士, 美國)
布魯斯,艾佛烈 H. (貝爾蒙、文學(xué)碩士, 美國)
申請編號: 906237
文件日期: 05/15/1978
出版日期: 05/06/1980
主要種類: 173/193
其他種類: 81/57.25, 81/57.41, 173/46, 173/52, 405/259.1, 405/303
發(fā)明的背景：
1、發(fā)明的領(lǐng)域
現(xiàn)在的發(fā)明領(lǐng)域涉及到地下的礦井巷道頂部的支護，并且更特別是，這種趨勢正向著依靠機械裝置在礦井頂部鉆孔并將錨桿插入孔中的方向發(fā)展。
2、之前的技術(shù)描述
在地下礦井中，巷道頂部支護是通過插入戶頂土層鉆孔中的錨桿來實現(xiàn)的。機械裝置能夠鉆孔的足夠深度，要比機械裝置所在的礦井出口處的高度大，這時有美國的一項專利所描述的，專利號. 4,057,115。在美國專利號為4，003，233的專利中描述到機械裝置能夠?qū)㈠^桿插入鉆孔中。
雖然進步已經(jīng)在錨桿鉆機裝置中表現(xiàn), 但是仍然有一些理由被認(rèn)為錨桿支護采礦職業(yè)中最危險的。插入戶頂錨桿的操作者站在沒有護頂支護的區(qū)有附近。它是操作者在這鉆孔而且插入錨桿不支護的區(qū)域.。結(jié)果, 操作者有遭受被不支護的護頂砸在身上甚至送命的危險.。我本人就受過傷，是由飛來的鉆鋼和用于緊固錨桿的工具所造成的，工人也遭受過危險而且滑進了采礦裝置的旋轉(zhuǎn)部分。
發(fā)展很有前景且具有安裝功能的錨桿鉆機的嘗試已經(jīng)在簡單的情形下取得了有限制的成功，這是當(dāng)錨桿的長度短于礦井出口的高度的時候。這些嘗試已經(jīng)導(dǎo)致那些昂貴并且復(fù)雜的系統(tǒng)可靠性低，這些系統(tǒng)的可靠性低大多是由于移動部分和聯(lián)系的再次調(diào)整。需要有為改進錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)不受前面所提到的不利因素的影響的興起。
設(shè)計要求：
1、操作者控制錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在礦井的護頂土層處進行鉆孔并且將錨桿插入所鉆的孔，這時操作者站在安全區(qū)域，上述系統(tǒng)包含；
（1）具有遠(yuǎn)距離操作位置的結(jié)構(gòu)；
（2）錨桿鉆機要實現(xiàn)在護頂土層鉆孔，上述鉆機意味著要有固定的結(jié)構(gòu)來實現(xiàn)靜止位置和工作位置之間關(guān)于軸向的樞軸運動；
（3）首先要實現(xiàn)錨桿鉆頭和上述結(jié)構(gòu)的有效的連接來實現(xiàn)鉆機靜止位置和工作位置之間沿軸線方向的樞軸運動；
（4）錨桿鉆機插錨作業(yè)就是要實現(xiàn)在護頂土層中通過錨桿鉆機所鉆的孔中插入錨桿，上述錨桿的插入過程是通過該結(jié)構(gòu)在收縮位置和擴展 位置之間的運動來實現(xiàn)的，錨桿插入過程也包括上述機構(gòu)的滑動和沿軸線方向的樞軸運動；
（5）其次要實現(xiàn)收縮位置和擴展位置之間的錨桿鉆機的隔板和錨桿插入機構(gòu)運送的有效連接，當(dāng)在縮回位置時錨桿鉆機的隔板離操作者的工作位置最近，這就是當(dāng)時操作者為何能夠?qū)㈠^桿插入其所要插入的孔中。
2、錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在上述的要求1的基礎(chǔ)上還要有柔性軸驅(qū)動鉆頭的鉆進。
3、錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在上述的要求1的基礎(chǔ)上也要有長接合高度鉆桿的鉆進。
4、錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在上述要求1的基礎(chǔ)上要求錨桿鉆機隔板計劃包括一個能夠達(dá)到上述滑動要求的動力頭，上述滑動要求達(dá)到樞軸性的設(shè)計，再次要求運轉(zhuǎn)的連接到滑槽和該設(shè)計，這因為樞軸性的運動是沿滑槽作軸線運動。
5、錨桿鉆機在系統(tǒng)１中要求，包括一個隔板為了推進錨桿插入鉆孔中并且滑板按指定的軌跡移動并與頂板錨桿接合，上述隔板要求連接到上述結(jié)構(gòu)和滑板上。
6、操作者控制錨桿鉆機是現(xiàn)在礦井頂部土層鉆孔并且將錨桿插入到鉆孔中，這時操作者處于一個安全區(qū)域或是一支護區(qū)域，上述系統(tǒng)包括：
（1）一個結(jié)構(gòu)框架；
（2）鉆機鉆頭在礦井頂部土層的指定位置鉆孔，上述鉆機鉆頭計劃對具有一定深度鉆孔進行組態(tài)，該深度大于礦井出口的高度，上述鉆機鉆頭應(yīng)達(dá)到隔板在靜止位置和工作位置之間的關(guān)于軸線方向的樞軸運動；
（3）首先執(zhí)行機構(gòu)按照要求有效的連接到錨桿鉆機鉆頭和鉆機鉆頭計劃關(guān)于軸線方向的樞軸運動的機構(gòu)上；
（4）錨桿鉆機隔板按指定的要求將一根錨桿插入在礦井頂部土層由錨桿鉆機鉆頭工具所鉆的孔中，上述錨桿鉆機隔板工具包括滑道工具和一個動力頭，上述滑道工具要達(dá)到按照關(guān)于軸線方向的樞軸性運動的機架上，該滑道的線性運動是在收縮位置和擴展位置之間進行的，上述動力頭是經(jīng)過滑道工具和在收縮位置和擴展位置之間的線性運動被運送的，該動力頭對一組具有一定長度的錨桿進行組態(tài)，該長度是不再比進入并在其內(nèi)由上述錨桿鉆機鉆頭鉆孔的礦井出口的高度長的長度，上述的鉆頭工具和錨桿鉆機隔板工具是關(guān)于軸線方向獨立運動的；
（5）其次鉆機執(zhí)行機構(gòu)有效的連接到具有指定的線性運動的滑道上，該滑道是在上述的收縮位置和擴展位置之間；
（6）第三執(zhí)行機構(gòu)有效的連接到上述滑道工具和上述動力頭關(guān)于軸線方向的樞軸運動的機架上；
（7）當(dāng)在收縮位置是上述錨桿鉆機隔板距離上述操作位置最近，憑此操作者站在上述的操作位置就可以控制錨桿鉆機隔板將錨桿裝入。
7、錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在要求６的基礎(chǔ)上要求上述鉆機鉆頭包括一個鉆頭和一個主臂，該鉆頭通過主臂運送，第四執(zhí)行機構(gòu)要有效的連接到上述鉆頭和用以實現(xiàn)其移動的主臂上，該移動是鉆頭相對于主臂的，實質(zhì)上鉆頭被驅(qū)動在主臂上作垂直移動，上述主臂關(guān)鍵要在軸線方向上運動并且達(dá)到上述機架位置。
8、錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在要求７的基礎(chǔ)上包括連接到上述動力頭的扭矩裝置，該扭矩裝置對接合插入的錨桿和緊固該錨桿所需的預(yù)定扭矩進行組態(tài)。
9、操作者控制錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在礦井頂部土層進行鉆孔和在所鉆的孔中插入錨桿，這時操作者處于安全區(qū)域，該系統(tǒng)包括：
（1）一個帶有遠(yuǎn)離的操作站的機架；
（2）錨桿鉆機鉆頭在頂部土層鉆孔，上述錨桿鉆機鉆頭要有效的連接到機架上，該機架實現(xiàn)在靜止位置和工作位置之間關(guān)于軸線方向的樞軸運動；
（3）首先工具有效的連接到上述鉆機鉆頭和實現(xiàn)樞軸運動的機架上，該運動是鉆頭在靜止位置和工作位置之間的關(guān)于最初軸方向的移動；
（4）錨桿鉆機隔板指定的將錨桿插入在頂部土層有鉆機鉆頭所鉆的孔中，該錨桿鉆機隔板移動到實現(xiàn)滑動的機架上，在這收縮位置和擴展位置之間運動被取消；上述錨桿鉆機隔板包括一個動力頭和滑道，滑道樞軸的達(dá)到機架上；
（5）其次工作機構(gòu)有效的連接到錨桿鉆機隔板和為了實現(xiàn)隔板在收縮位置和擴展位置之間滑動的機架上；
（6）第三工作機構(gòu)有效的連接到滑道和機架上，該機架能夠?qū)崿F(xiàn)滑道關(guān)于最初軸的樞軸運動；
（7）當(dāng)在收縮位置時上述錨桿鉆機隔板距離操作者的位置最近，憑此操作者可以在當(dāng)其處在上述操作位置是在隔板上插入錨桿。
10、操作者控制錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)在礦井頂部土層進行鉆孔和在所鉆的孔中插入錨桿，這時操作者處于安全區(qū)域，該系統(tǒng)包括：
（1）一個帶有遠(yuǎn)離的操作站的機架；
一個為了實現(xiàn)在頂部土層鉆孔的揉性軸鉆機鉆頭，該鉆頭連接到機架上為了實現(xiàn)在靜止位置和工作位置之間的運動；
首先工作機構(gòu)有效的連接到鉆頭和機架上，為了實現(xiàn)鉆頭在上述靜止位置和工作位置之間的移動；
（2）錨桿鉆機隔板指定的將錨桿插入早頂部土層有鉆頭所鉆的孔，上述隔板連接到機架上為了實現(xiàn)其在收縮位置和擴展位置之間的運動；
（3）其次工作機構(gòu)有效的連接到上述錨桿鉆機隔板和機架上為了實現(xiàn)隔板在上述收縮位置和擴展位置之間的移動，當(dāng)在收縮位置時上述錨桿鉆機隔板距離操作者的位置最近，憑此操作者可以在當(dāng)其處在上述操作位置是在隔板上插入錨桿；
（4）第三工作機構(gòu)連接到機架上；
（5）一個滑板連接到上述的第三工作機構(gòu)上，該滑板對推進錨桿插入所鉆的孔進行組態(tài)，該工作機構(gòu)移動滑板進入鉆孔并同錨桿接合?！ ?
發(fā)明的摘要：
本發(fā)明是預(yù)防錨桿鉆機不受前面所提到的不利因素和限制的目標(biāo)。發(fā)明的進一步目標(biāo)是將提供一套簡單而且可靠鉆進和插入錨桿的系統(tǒng)，特別是錨桿的長度長于礦井出口的高度的情況。
發(fā)明的另一個目標(biāo)是提供一套簡單而且可靠的錨桿鉆機系統(tǒng)，該系統(tǒng)使操作者可以實現(xiàn)遠(yuǎn)距離的鉆進和插入錨桿，在這個過程中隔板移動到操作者的后方緊固錨桿，這要比錨桿在操作者的前方插入安全。這樣的一套系統(tǒng)包括一個移動隔板，該粗糙的機械裝置要比以前錨桿插入系統(tǒng)簡單而且更可靠。
然而發(fā)明的另一個目標(biāo)是為操作者提供可以通過柔性軸鉆頭控制錨桿鉆機或是控制另一個比縫合線高度鉆孔機和一個錨桿隔板長，為鉆進和插入錨桿進入礦井的不支護的護頂土層，這時操作者遠(yuǎn)離而且置于有支護的護頂下面。揉性軸鉆頭安放在錨桿鉆機的框架上而且被限制在一個休息位置和一個工作位置之間轉(zhuǎn)動，錨桿鉆機隔板配置成彎曲而且進給錨桿有一個能夠順利通過礦井出口高度的長度。錨桿鉆機隔板的頭部固定在可作線性移動的滑道上，用以限制一個被撤回的位置和一個擴大的位置之間的回轉(zhuǎn)的運動為了要用被有柔性鉆頭在礦井的護頂土層鉆孔并且在每個孔中插入錨桿。在被撤回的位置中，隔板不需要操作者直接參與適當(dāng)?shù)貙㈠^桿移開從一被支護的位置，它來自一個操作員的錨桿鉆機或安全的區(qū)域.。當(dāng)鉆機鉆頭在它的工作位置時錨桿孔被鉆進。在完成鉆進步驟的基礎(chǔ)上，鉆機鉆頭轉(zhuǎn)動到它的休息位置，而且鉆機隔板被搬到它的廣大位置。 一個控制器為排列錨桿和鉆孔而提供。 一個液壓動力盤推動錨桿插入更深的錨桿孔中。錨桿鉆機隔板預(yù)定的轉(zhuǎn)矩和鉆機夾緊力來實現(xiàn)錨桿支護。
4
收藏