2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識聚焦 Unit 2 English around the world習(xí)題 新人教版必修1.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí) 第一部分 基礎(chǔ)知識聚焦 Unit 2 English around the world習(xí)題 新人教版必修1 Ⅰ.閱讀理解 (xx江南十校聯(lián)考) The number of American students who learned a language other than English decreased by about 100,000 between xx and xx. For many, taking a class in economics might seem more beneficial than a French course. But is it real? The Chinese dialects bined already have more native speakers than any other language, followed by Hindi and Urdu. English es next with 527 million native speakers. Arabic is spoken by nearly 100 million more native speakers than Spanish, which has 389 million speakers. Which languages will dominate the future? Predictions vary, depending on your location and purpose. You want to make money in growth markets? These will be your languages. A recent U．K.focused report features languages spoken in the socalled BRIC countries—Brazil, Russia, India, China—that are usually known as the worlds biggest emerging economies. Hindi, Bengali, Urdu and Indonesian will control much of the business world by 2050, followed by Spanish, Portuguese, Arabic and Russian. If you want to get the most money out of your language course, studying one of the languages listed above is probably a safe bet. You want to speak to as many people as possible? How about Chinese, Spanish or French? 1．Chinese. Although Chinese has three times more native speakers than English, its still not as evenly spread over the world. Moreover, Chinese is rarely used in sciences and difficult to read and write. 2. Spanish. Spanish makes up for a lack of native speakerspared with China—by being particularly popular as a second language, taught in schools around the world. 3. French. French has lost grounds in some regions and especially in Europe in the last decades. French, however, could gain influence again if west Africa where it is frequently spoken were to bee more politically stable and economically attractive. 文章大意：本文介紹12種語言在世界擁有的人數(shù)以及它們的主要地位和作用。 1．How many native speakers of Arabic are there? A．100 million. B．389 million. C．489 million. D．527 million. 答案：C　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段最后一句話“Arabic is spoken by nearly 100 million more native speakers than Spanish, which has 389 million speakers.”可知，選C。 2．Those who want to make money in growth market might be more interested in ________. A．Spanish, Arabic and Chinese B．Bengali, Urdu and Indonesian C．Portuguese, German and French D．Japanese, Italian and Chinese 答案：B　推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段第二句話可知，選B。 3．What do we know about Spanish from the passage? A．It is learnt mostly by themselves. B．Its popular as a second language. C．It is widely spoken by native speakers. D．It will be spoken most in the business world 答案：B　細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)倒數(shù)第二段對Spanish的介紹可知，選B。 4．Whats the authors attitude towards foreign language learning? A．Favorable. B．Negative. C．Doubtful. D．Neutral. 答案：A　作者態(tài)度題。通過作者對各種語言的地位和作用的描述可以看出作者持贊同的態(tài)度。 Ⅱ.完形填空 (xx蘭州實戰(zhàn)考試) Many students often say that they dont have “enough time” to do all their schoolwork. My __1__ is often brief, “You have as much time as the president.” I usually carry on a bit about __2__ twentyfour hours in the day for everyone, and suggest that “not enough time” is not an __3__ explanation of __4__ something done. __5__ in graduate school, I tried to prove to one of my professors __6__ saying that I was working hard. His answer to me was, “Thats irrelevant (無關(guān)緊要的). __7__ is important is the __8__ of your work.” Since then I have had time to think carefully about the trick (訣竅) of “__9__”， and I have e to some __10__—all relevant to the problem of how much time we have. If you analyze the matter, you can identify two parts of the problem: There is, __11__， the matter of “time”， which we can think of __12__. Then there is the problem of “work” during that time. But, as my professor suggested, its not how hard one works __13__ the quality of the product thats important. That led me to a new idea: the quality of the work. That __14__ is perhaps best explained by a sign I once saw on the wall in someones office: “Dont work harder. __15__.” There is a lot of sense in that idea. If you cant get more time, and few of us can, the only solution is to improve the quality of the work. That means thinking of ways to get more out of __16__ time than we might otherwise get. That should lead us to an analysis of our work habits. Since “work” for students usually means “homework”， the expression “work habits” should be read as “__17__ habits”． Then, as a smart student, you will __18__ those skills that you use in study, __19__ reading and writing. If you learn to read better and write better, there are big benefits that __20__ in all your studies. 文章大意：本文是一篇議論文。每個人每天擁有的時間都是相同的，那么想把事情做好就要有一定的技巧。作者認為：不要苦干，而要巧干。 1．A.question　　　　　　　　 B．idea C．reply D．key 答案：C　根據(jù)上文的內(nèi)容可知，此處是對上文很多同學(xué)說沒有足夠的時間做功課這一問題的答復(fù)(reply)。 2．A.there being B．there are C．there be D．there to be 答案：A　介詞后面應(yīng)該用動名詞，因此此處用there being的形式。 3．A.strange B．a(chǎn)cceptable C．surprising D．demanding 答案：B　每個人都是一天擁有24小時，因此“沒有足夠的時間”是一個不可接受的解釋。strange“奇怪的”；acceptable“可接受的”；surprising“令人驚奇的”；demanding“苛求的，要求過高的”。 4．A.no getting B．not getting C．no letting D．not letting 答案：B　此處介詞后面應(yīng)該用動名詞，對動名詞的否定其前應(yīng)加not；此處是考查“get sth. done”的結(jié)構(gòu)，因此選not getting。 5．A.Since then B．Just now C．Ever D．Once 答案：D　此處敘述的是過去發(fā)生的事情，因此選Once“曾經(jīng)”。since then“自從那之后”常與完成時的句子連用；just now“剛才”；ever“在任何時候”，常用于疑問句、否定句、比較結(jié)構(gòu)或帶if的句子中。 6．A.by B．in C．on D．upon 答案：A　by表示“通過，以”。 7．A.That B．What C．Whether D．If 答案：B　重要的是你工作的質(zhì)量。“__7__ is important”是一個主語從句，主語從句中缺少主語，因此此處用what引導(dǎo)從句。 8．A.quantity B．a(chǎn)mount C．number D．quality 答案：D　參見上題解析，此處應(yīng)填quality“質(zhì)量”。quantity“數(shù)量”；amount“數(shù)額，數(shù)量”；number“數(shù)字”。13空后的“quality”也是提示。 9．A.hard worker B．honest student C．busy president D．future graduate 答案：A　根據(jù)上文教授的回答可知，此處是說“我”在思考勤奮工作的人的訣竅。hard worker“勤奮工作的人”，符合語境。 10．A.constructions B．contributions C．conclusions D．concentrations 答案：C　根據(jù)破折號后的內(nèi)容可知，“我”在思考后，得出了一些結(jié)論。construction“建造物”；contribution“貢獻”；conclusion“結(jié)論”；concentration“集中，聚集”。 11．A.of course B．in fact C．a(chǎn)s a result D．a(chǎn)s a whole 答案：A　根據(jù)上文提到的與時間相關(guān)可知，此處是說當(dāng)然是時間的問題。of course“當(dāng)然”；in fact“事實上”；as a result“結(jié)果”；as a whole“總的來說”。 12．A.if followed B．if fixed C．a(chǎn)s followed D．a(chǎn)s fixed 答案：D　我們認為時間是固定的(as...fixed)。此處是think of...as...“認為……是……”。 13．A.so B．but C．nor D．a(chǎn)nd 答案：B　正像教授建議的那樣，一個人工作那么努力并不重要，重要的是產(chǎn)品的質(zhì)量。此處考查的是短語“not...but...”的結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“不是……而是……”。 14．A.concept B．sense C．explanation D．solution 答案：A　根據(jù)上文的“我”的新想法可知，應(yīng)選concept“觀念，想法”。sense“意義”；explanation“解釋”；solution“解決方法”。 15．A.Work smarter B．Work faster C．Think twice D．Think aloud 答案：A　根據(jù)上文可知，“我”說的是不要苦干，而要巧干。Work smarter“更加聰明地工作”，符合語境。 16．A.a little B．the more C．the less D．the same 答案：D　那就意味著想辦法從同樣多的時間里得到更多。 17．A.living B．study C．thinking D．sleeping 答案：B　既然對于學(xué)生來說“工作”通常意味著“家庭作業(yè)”，那“工作習(xí)慣”就應(yīng)該被理解為“學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣”。 18．A.seek improving B．seek to improve C．find improving D．find to improve 答案：B　作為一個聰明的學(xué)生，你應(yīng)該努力尋求方法來提高這些在學(xué)習(xí)上使用的技能。固定結(jié)構(gòu)：seek to do sth.，符合語境。 19．A.chiefly B．briefly C．a(chǎn)ctually D．occasionally 答案：A　根據(jù)常識可知，在學(xué)習(xí)上的技能主要是閱讀和寫作。chiefly“主要地”；briefly“簡要地”；actually“事實上”；occasionally“偶爾”。 20．A.are paid B．is paid C．pays off D．pay off 答案：D　如果你學(xué)會了更好地閱讀和寫作，那么會有極大的好處來回報你學(xué)習(xí)的各個方面。短語pay off“回報”，符合語境；再根據(jù)定語從句的引導(dǎo)詞that指代的先行詞benefits可知，應(yīng)選D。 Ⅲ.語法填空 閱讀下面材料，在空白處填入適當(dāng)?shù)膬?nèi)容(1個單詞)或括號內(nèi)單詞的正確形式。 (xx洛陽統(tǒng)考) How do learning habits influence learning results? Its useful and necessary to discuss learning habits. There is a famous __1__(say)“Good habits lead to good endings”， which shows the importance of habits. “An apple a day keeps the doctor away.” also __2__(show) a healthy everyday habit helps to build up our body. Thus, good learning habits can help us gain great learning results, high scores and abundant knowledge __3__(include). At first, learning habits form our ways of thinking and attitude __4__ the content of our learning. __5__(obvious), a good habit can help us to speed up to reach our destinations. As we can see, developing a good habit is so important that I would like to introduce one kind of good learning habits—keeping __6__ learning diary every day. We can start the habit by __7__(write)a learning summary and remember to record something impressive and meaningful. Keep it in mind, __8__ gradually we can gain this good learning habit and benefit from it. Whats __9__(much), I find out that I still have some bad learning habits __10__ well. I can only concentrate on reading for a short time, and I will conquer this problem by spending more efforts on concentration practice. I believe that through my efforts, I can gain good learning results by having good habits. 1．______ 2.______ 3.______ 4.______ 5.______ 6．______ 7.______ 8.______ 9.______ 10.______ 文章大意：學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣會影響學(xué)習(xí)效果，本文就如何養(yǎng)成良好的學(xué)習(xí)習(xí)慣給我們提出了建議。 答案： 1．saying　考查名詞。there is a famous saying表示“有一句名言”。 2．shows　考查動詞的時態(tài)和主謂一致。此處陳述的是客觀事實，應(yīng)用一般現(xiàn)在時；句子的主語為：“An apple a day keeps the doctor away”，謂語動詞用單數(shù)。 3．included　考查非謂語動詞。high scores and abundant knowledge和include之間為動賓關(guān)系，故用過去分詞作后置定語。 4．to/towards　考查介詞。attitude to/towards表示“對……的態(tài)度”。 5．Obviously　考查副詞。根據(jù)語境可知，此處應(yīng)用副詞作狀語。 6．a(chǎn)　考查固定搭配。keep a diary“記日記”。 7．writing　考查動名詞。by為介詞，后接動名詞作賓語。 8．a(chǎn)nd　考查固定句型。這是一個固定句型“祈使句＋and＋陳述句”。 9．more　考查固定詞組。whats more表示“而且”。 10．a(chǎn)s　考查固定搭配。as well表示“還”。 Ⅳ.短文改錯 假定英語課上老師要求同桌之間交換修改作文，請你修改你同桌寫的以下作文。文中共有10處錯誤，每句中最多有兩處。錯誤涉及一個單詞的增加，刪除或修改。 增加：在缺詞處加一個漏字符號(∧)，并在其下面寫出該加的詞。 刪除：把多余的詞用(\)劃掉。 修改：在錯的詞下畫一橫線，并在該詞下面寫出修改后的詞。 注意：1.每處錯誤及其修改均僅限一詞； 2. 只允許修改10處，多者(從第11處起)不計分。 (xx青島市一模) English has always been my most favorite subject, so I signed up for the school English speech petition with hesitation. Since I was confident that I would win a prize easy, I didnt spend much time get myself fully prepared. However, as soon as I stepped on the stage, word escaped me. As result, my performance couldnt be worse. The unexpected failure brought myself endless regret and shame. Just then my English teacher came to me and says, “Pride es before a fall”. I was deeply touched by her words, that I would treasure forever. Indeed, the contest was not only a shock to me and a harvest as well. 答案： English has always been my most favorite subject, so I signed up for the school English speech petition hesitation. Since I was confident that I would win a prize ， I didnt spend much time myself fully prepared. However, as soon as I stepped on the stage, escaped me. As result, my performance couldnt be worse. The unexpected failure brought endless regret and shame. Just then my English teacher came to me and ， “Pride es before a fall”. I was deeply touched by her words, I would treasure forever. Indeed, the contest was not only a shock to me a harvest as well. 1．命題立意：考查形容詞。 解析：去掉most　favorite本身就是最高級含義。 2．命題立意：考查介詞。 解析：with→without　without hesitation毫不猶豫。 3．命題立意：考查形容詞與副詞。 解析：easy→easily　修飾動詞用副詞。 4．命題立意：考查非謂語動詞。 解析：get→getting　spend time doing sth.花費時間做某事。 5．命題立意：考查名詞單復(fù)數(shù)。 解析：word→words　words話，word消息，誓言。 6．命題立意：考查冠詞。 解析：result前加a　as a result結(jié)果，因此。 7．命題立意：考查代詞。 解析：myself→me　此處是賓語，而且主要并不是I，所以不用反身代詞，而用其賓格形式。 8．命題立意：考查時態(tài)。 解析：says→said　由全文時態(tài)可知，用一般過去時。 9．命題立意：考查非限制性定語從句。 解析：that→which　非限制性定語從句用which，不用that。 10．命題立意：考查連詞。 解析：and→but　由前后句意可知，應(yīng)是轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。