高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解訓(xùn)練[打包8套]11.zip

高考英語一輪復(fù)習(xí)-閱讀理解訓(xùn)練[打包8套]11.zip,打包8套,高考,英語,一輪,復(fù)習(xí),閱讀,理解,訓(xùn)練,打包,11 四川廣漢市2017高考英語閱讀理解一輪編練題 【2016高考英語閱讀理解訓(xùn)練】閱讀下面短文，選擇最佳答案。 People have wondered for a long time how their personalities and behaviour are formed. It is not easy to explain why one person is intelligent and another is not, or why one is cooperative and another is competitive. Social scientists are of course extremely interested in these types of questions. They want to explain why we possess certain characteristics and exhibit certain behaviour. There are no clear answers yet, but two distinct schools of thought on the matter have developed. As one might expect, the two approaches are very different from each other, and there is a great deal of debate between proponents of each theory. The controversy(爭論) is often conveniently referred to as “nature and nurture”. Those who support the “nature” side of the conflict believe that our personalities and behaviour patterns are largely determined by biological factors. That our environment has little, if anything, to do with our abilities, characteristics and behaviour is central to this theory. Taken to an extreme, this theory states that our behaviour is predetermined to such a great degree that we are almost completely governed by our instincts (本能). Proponents of the “nurture” theory, or, as they are often called, behaviourists, claim that our environment is more important than our biologically based instincts in determining how we will act. A behaviourist, B.F. Skinner, sees humans as beings whose behaviour is almost completely shaped by their surroundings. The behaviourists’ view of the human being is quite mechanistic. They state that, like machines, humans respond to environmental stimuli (刺激) as the basis of their behaviour. Socially and politically, the consequences of these two theories are far-reaching. In the US, for example, blacks often score below whites on standardized intelligence tests. This leads some “nature” proponents to conclude that blacks are genetically lower in status than whites. Behaviourists, on the contrary, say that the differences in scores are due to the fact that blacks are often robbed of many of the educational and other environmental advantages that whites enjoy, and that, as a result, they do not develop the same responses that whites do. Neither of these theories can yet fully explain human behaviour. In fact, it is quite likely that the key to our behaviour lies somewhere between these two extremes and that the controversy will continue for a long time is certain. 1. This passage is mainly concerned with ___________. A. relation between personality and behaviour B. relation between behaviour and environment C. different accounts of patterns of human behaviour D. different theories of the formation of human personality and behaviour. 2. The underlined word “proponents” in Paragraph 2 means __________. A. teachers B. advisors C. advocates D. judges 3. What’s the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A. To call our attention to the changes of human behaviour. B. To urge scientists to do more research in social science. C. To give us a detailed explanation of human behaviour. D. To present an argument in the field of social science. 參考答案1—3 DCD 【2014模擬】 閱讀理解。閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的A、B、C和D項(xiàng)中，選出最佳選項(xiàng)。 When several people look at the same person, it is not unusual for each of them to see different things; when you are alone observing one behavior or a person at two different times, you may see different things. The followings are but some of the factors that lead to these varying perceptions(感知,認(rèn)識): (1) Each person’s perceptions of others are formed by his or her own cultural conditioning, education, and personal experiences. (2) Sometimes perceptions differ because of what we choose to observe and how we deal with what’ve observed. It is not necessarily true that person perception is based on observations of a particular person. Your observations may be totally controlled by what others have told you about this person; or you may focus primarily on the situation or role relationship. Most people do not use the same standard to measure their parents, their friends, and strangers. (3) Sometimes we see only what we want to see or don’t see what may be obvious to others because of our own needs, desires, or temporary emotional states. This is a process known as selective perception. Selective perception is obviously more difficult when contradictory information is particularly obvious, but it can be done. We can ignore the stimulus——“He’s basically a good boy so what I saw was not shoplifting(入店行竊).” We can reduce the importance of the contradictory information ——“All kids get into mischief(頑皮). Taking a book from a bookstore isn’t such a big deal.” We can change the meaning of the contradictory information--- “It wasn’t shoplifting because he was going to pay for it later.”… 【小題1】The first factor given by the author that affects our perception is _____. A. our hearing and visual abilities B. cultural background and personal experiences C. the experience one learns from others D. critical measures taken by other people 【小題2】While observing a particular person,________. A. one is likely to take all aspects into consideration B. one pays more attention to his/her advantages C. children often differ from grown-ups in perception D. one tends to choose certain aspects to look at 【小題3】Observation of the same person by two people at the same time may differ because _____. A. they follow different standards B. either of them may be slow to catch information C. the time for observation is not long enough D. each of them uses different language to express his/her impressions 【小題4】 The underlined word “stimulus” in Paragraph 4 refers to _____. A. something attractive B. selective perception C. contradictory information D. shoplifting 【小題5】The worst thing in selective perception is that ______. A. the information received runs against your desire B. facts can be twisted or totally ignored C. importance of the contradictory information can be overrated (估計(jì)過高) D. misbehaved children may not be punished 【答案】 【小題1】B 【小題2】D 【小題3】A 【小題4】C 【小題5】B 【解析】 【廣東省東莞市2014模擬試題】B Going green is something that affects every single one of us. Whether by recycling those plastic water bottles, or by cutting down on electricity in your home, the importance of going green on a personal level is extremely important. But, when you’re a millionaire NBA basketball star, how do you help out the environment? Yao Ming is a basketball player that plays for the Houston Rockets and has spoken out against hunting of sharks for fins, a delicious food in his native China. He is also the United Nations’ Environmental champion. His goal is to raise awareness of climate change and energy-saving. “I will work with young people across the world and try to inspire them to plant trees, harvest rainwater and to become environmental champions in their own communities.” The Philadelphia Eagles, a professional American football team, are really doing their part to give back to the community. The Eagles Go Green page has a “Green Energy Calculator” and according to the web site fans have saved $ 73,674.90 a year and saved 666,320 pounds of CO2 per year. Also, the Eagles have set up a “Stop global warming virtual march（虛擬游行）on Washington”, a march across America for one year, through the Internet with a goal to bring fans together and to urge leaders to deal with the serious problem of global warming now. Bob Burnquist, a Brazilian skateboarder, is a member of Action Sports Environmental Coalition and founder of a program that gets organic foods and farming into schools for healthy lunch programs. Bob also has a huge homegrown organic farm where he hosted a gathering in celebration of Earth Day. Kelly Slater is a surfer and eight-time champion, but he also supports saving the coral reefs world wide. He has founded the Kelly Slater Invitational Competition which raises funds and awareness for Reef Check, which is able to get its message out to a large group of guests including professional surfers, film and music stars, and other famous people. 31. According to the passage, Yao Ming wants to ________. A. help the Houston Rockets win the NBA championship B. ask the United Nations to protect sharks in China C. encourage young people to care about the environment D. train more young people to become players of NBA 32. What have the Philadelphia Eagles done to help out the environment? A. They have called on fans to do things to reduce global warming. B. They have marched on Washington to bring fans together. C. They have saved $ 73,674.90 for solving global warming. D. They have reduced CO2 emission by 666,320 pounds per year. 33. Which of the following statements is TRUE according to the last two paragraphs? A. Bob Burnquist created Earth Day. B. Bob Burnquist eats only organic foods. C. Kelly Slater donated a lot of money. D. Kelly Slater held a competition. 34. The best title for the passage would probably be _________. A. Highly Competitive Athletes B. Environment-friendly Athletes C. World-famous Athletes D. Millionaire Athletes 35. What can we learn from the passage? A. Only famous people need to care about environmental problems. B. America is the country that takes best care of environment. C. Environmental problems have a common effect on everyone of us. D. Yao Ming’s goals to raise people’s awareness of environment are mainly about climate change and air pollution. 【參考答案】31—35 CADBC 【廣東省東莞市2014模擬試題】C When a magazine for high school students asked its readers what life would be like in twenty years, they said: Machines would be run by solar power. Buildings would rotate（旋轉(zhuǎn)）so they could follow the sun to take maximum advantage of its light and heat. Walls would “give light” and “change color with the push of a button.” Food would be replaced by pills. School would be taught by electrical impulse（電脈沖）while we sleep. Cars would have radar（雷達(dá)）. Does this sound like the year 2000? Actually, this article was written in 1958 and the question was, “what will life be like in 1978? The future is much too important to simply guess about, the way the high school students did, so experts are regularly asked to predict accuately. By carefully studying the present, skilled businessmen, scientists, and politicians are supposedly able to figure out in advance what will happen. But can they? One expert on Cities wrote: Cities of the future would not be crowded, but would have space for farms and fields. People would travel to work in “airbuses”, large all-weather helicopters carrying up to 200 passengers. When a person left the airbus station he could drive a coin-operated car equipped with radar. The radar equipment of cars would make traffic accidents “almost unheard of”. Does that sound familiar? If the expert had been accurate it would, because he was writing in 1957. His subject was “The city of 1982”. If the professionals sometimes sound like high school students, it’s probably because future study is still a new field. But economic forecasting, or predicting what the economy will do, has been around for a long time. It should be accuate, and generally it is. But there have been some big mistakes in the field, too. In early 1929, most forecasters saw an excellent future for the stock market. In October of that year, the stock market had its worst losses ever, ruining thousands of investors who had put their faith in financial foreseers. One forecaster knew that predictions about the future would always be subject to significant error. In 1957, H.J. Rand of the Rad corporation was asked about the year 2000, “Only one thing is certain,” he answered. “Children born today will have reached the age of 43.” 36. How many examples does the author offer to describe the future life? A. Three B. Four C. Five D. Six 37. The high school students’ answers to “What would life be like in 1978?” sound __________. A. accurate B. imaginative C. correct D. foolish 38. In the second paragraph, the writer gives examples to show _________. A. predicting about the future can be done in a humorous way B. no predictions are based on careful research C. experts are always better than others in figuring out what the future will be like D. forecasting the future is not an easy job even for experts in this field 39. From the third paragraph we can learn that _________. A. economy forecasting is rather a new field B. experts began economy forecasting in 1929 C. the predictions about economic situation caused the investors to lose lots of money D. good, accurate forecasting helped the stock market overcome the difficulties 40. H.J.Rand’s prediction about the year 2000 shows that ________. A. it is easy to figure out in advance what will happen B. it is difficult to figure out in advance what will happen C. only professionals can figure out in advance what will happen D. very few professionals figure out in advance what will happen 【參考答案】36—40 BBDCB 8