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外文資料翻譯 Control Machine On The Necessity Of The Reform 1 at the necessity of reform micro Micro nc machine tools are prominent than traditional superiority and these advantages are from the numerical control system contains the power of computers The traditional machining process of complex curves and surfaces etc Because computers are excellent operation ability can be instantaneous accurately calculate the instantaneous should coordinate each exercise so can exercise into complex compound curve or surface Can realize the automatic processing and is flexible thus to improve efficiency than traditional machine 3 7 times Because computers are memory and storage capacity can input program then remember and storage procedures according to the order to perform automatic so as to realize automation If you replace a CNC program can realize the automation of another workpiece machining thereby piece and small batch production automation so called flexible Machining parts of high precision small size which makes easy dispersion no longer need to repair match means Can achieve more processes reduce the concentration of frequent in handling With automatic alarm automatic control automatic compensation of self discipline function thus realizing unattended processing for a long time The benefits derived from above five Such as reduce the labor intensity save labor a person can watch more tool machine reduce the tooling shorten the cycle of new product trial production cycle and to make rapid reaction to market demand etc These advantages is unimaginable is a very significant breakthrough In addition the numerical control machine tools or pushing FMC flexible manufacturing unit FMS FMS and CIMS computer integrated manufacturing system enterprise informationization reform CNC manufacturing automation technology has become the core technology and basic techniques 2 macro see the necessity of reform Macro industrialized countries people of mechanical industry in the 1970s and early 1980s has started large scale application of numerical control machine Its essence is to use information technology the traditional industry including the army and machinery industry Except in the manufacturing process using nc machine tools FMC FMS still include in product development and implementation of CAD CAM CAE virtual manufacturing and production management in the implementation of the management information system MIS CIMS etc In the production of products and the increase in information technology including the content of artificial intelligence Because of using information technology to foreign armies people machinery industry in depth reform called information eventually making their products in the international military and civilian goods market competitiveness greatly strengthened And we in information technology to transform traditional industries in developed countries behind than about 20 years If our machine CNC ownership of the proportion of numerical control rate to 1995 only 1 9 in 1994 while Japan has reached by 20 8 so every year there are lots of the import of mechanical and electronic products This is from on macroscopic illustrates the necessity of nc reform Second how to reform nc 1 the rise of industry transformation and abroad In the United States Japan and Germany and other developed countries their machine reconstruction as a new economic growth industries is in the golden age Due to the machine as well as technology advances machine reconstruction is a eternal Our machine reconstruction from old also with numerical control technology industry into the new industry In the United States Japan Germany using CNC machine and production technical renovation has broad market has formed a line of nc machine tools and new industry transformation In the United States machine tool called transformation industry Remanufacturing regeneration The famous company engaged in renewable industry Bertsche engineering Co ayton machine Co Devlieg Bullavd depot services group US equipment company etc American companies in China to open In Japan machine tools modification called transformation industry Retrofitting Engaged in the modification of the famous company has possession Wei engineering group three machinery company p dubois chiyoda machine company worker wild zanretsuken engineering company waterside field engineering company morikawa engineering company etc 普通車床的數(shù)控化改造 機(jī)床進(jìn)行數(shù)控化改造的必要性 首先從微觀看改造的必要性 微觀上看 數(shù)控機(jī)床比傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床有以下突出的優(yōu)越性 而且這些優(yōu)越性均 來自數(shù)控系統(tǒng)所包含的計(jì)算機(jī)的威力 可以加工出傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床加工不出來的曲線 曲面等復(fù)雜的零件 由于計(jì)算機(jī)有高超的運(yùn)算能力 可以瞬時(shí)準(zhǔn)確地計(jì)算出每個(gè)坐標(biāo)軸瞬時(shí)應(yīng) 該運(yùn)動的運(yùn)動量 因此可以復(fù)合成復(fù)雜的曲線或曲面 可以實(shí)現(xiàn)加工的自動化 而且是柔性自動化 從而效率可比傳統(tǒng)機(jī)床提高 3 7 倍 由于計(jì)算機(jī)有記憶和存儲能力 可以將輸入的程序記住和存儲下來 然后 按程序規(guī)定的順序自動去執(zhí)行 從而實(shí)現(xiàn)自動化 數(shù)控機(jī)床只要更換一個(gè)程序 就可實(shí)現(xiàn)另一工件加工的自動化 從而使單件和小批生產(chǎn)得以自動化 故被稱 為實(shí)現(xiàn)了 柔性自動化 加工零件的精度高 尺寸分散度小 使裝配容易 不再需要 修配 可實(shí)現(xiàn)多工序的集中 減少零件 在機(jī)床間的頻繁搬運(yùn) 擁有自動報(bào)警 自動監(jiān)控 自動補(bǔ)償?shù)榷喾N自律功能 因而可實(shí)現(xiàn)長時(shí)間 無人看管加工 由以上五條派生的好處 如 降低了工人的勞動強(qiáng)度 節(jié)省了勞動力 一 個(gè)人可以看管多臺機(jī)床 減少了工裝 縮短了新產(chǎn)品試制周期和生產(chǎn)周期 可對市場需求作出快速反應(yīng)等等 以上這些優(yōu)越性是前人想象不到的 是一個(gè)極為重大的突破 此外 機(jī)床 數(shù)控化還是推行 FMC 柔性制造單元 FMS 柔性制造系統(tǒng) 以及 CIMS 計(jì) 算機(jī)集成制造系統(tǒng) 等企業(yè)信息化改造的基礎(chǔ) 數(shù)控技術(shù)已經(jīng)成為制造業(yè)自動 化的核心技術(shù)和基礎(chǔ)技術(shù) 其次宏觀看改造的必要性 宏觀上看 工業(yè)發(fā)達(dá)國家的軍 民機(jī)械工業(yè) 在 70 年代末 80 年代初已 開始大規(guī)模應(yīng)用數(shù)控機(jī)床 其本質(zhì)是 采用信息技術(shù)對傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè) 包括軍 民 機(jī)械工業(yè) 進(jìn)行技術(shù)改造 除在制造過程中采用數(shù)控機(jī)床 FMC FMS 外 還 包括在產(chǎn)品開發(fā)中推行 CAD CAE CAM 虛擬制造以及在生產(chǎn)管理中推行 MIS 管理信息系統(tǒng) CIMS 等等 以及在其生產(chǎn)的產(chǎn)品中增加信息技術(shù) 包 括人工智能等的含量 由于采用信息技術(shù)對國外軍 民機(jī)械工業(yè)進(jìn)行深入改造 稱之為信息化 最終使得他們的產(chǎn)品在國際軍品和民品的市場上競爭力大 為增強(qiáng) 而我們在信息技術(shù)改造傳統(tǒng)產(chǎn)業(yè)方面比發(fā)達(dá)國家約落后 20 年 如我國 機(jī)床擁有量中 數(shù)控機(jī)床的比重 數(shù)控化率 到 1995 年只有 1 9 而日本在 1994 年已達(dá) 20 8 因此每年都有大量機(jī)電產(chǎn)品進(jìn)口 這也就從宏觀上說明了 機(jī)床數(shù)控化改造的必要性 如何進(jìn)行機(jī)床數(shù)控化改造 國外改造業(yè)的興起 在美國 日本和德國等發(fā)達(dá)國家 它們的機(jī)床改造作為新的經(jīng)濟(jì)增長行業(yè) 生意盎然 正處在黃金時(shí)代 由于機(jī)床以及技術(shù)的不斷進(jìn)步 機(jī)床改造是個(gè) 永 恒 的課題 我國的機(jī)床改造業(yè) 也從老的行業(yè)進(jìn)入到以數(shù)控技術(shù)為主的新的行 業(yè) 在美國 日本 德國 用數(shù)控技術(shù)改造機(jī)床和生產(chǎn)線具有廣闊的市場 已 形成了機(jī)床和生產(chǎn)線數(shù)控改造的新的行業(yè) 在美國 機(jī)床改造業(yè)稱為機(jī)床再生 Remanufacturing 業(yè) 從事再生業(yè)的著名公司有 Bertsche 工程公司 ayton 機(jī)床公司 Devlieg Bullavd 得寶 服務(wù)集團(tuán) US 設(shè)備公司等 美國得寶公司 已在中國開辦公司 在日本 機(jī)床改造業(yè)稱為機(jī)床改裝 Retrofitting 業(yè) 從 事改裝業(yè)的著名公司有 大隈工程集團(tuán) 崗三機(jī)械公司 千代田工機(jī)公司 野 崎工程公司 濱田工程公司 山本工程公司等