礦用帶式輸送機的結構設計

礦用帶式輸送機的結構設計,礦用帶式,輸送,結構設計 河南理工大學萬方科技學院 本科畢業(yè)設計（論文）中期檢查表 指導教師： 呂 鯤 職稱： 教 授 所在系部（單位）：機械與動力工程學院 教研室（研究室）： 題 目 礦用帶式輸送機的結構設計 學生姓名 王明凱 專業(yè)班級 08機設2班 學號 0828070082 一、選題質(zhì)量 選題質(zhì)量：（主要從以下四個方面填寫：1、選題是否符合專業(yè)培養(yǎng)目標，能否體現(xiàn)綜合訓練要求；2、題目難易程度；3、題目工作量；4、題目與生產(chǎn)、科研、經(jīng)濟、社會、文化及實驗室建設等實際的結合程度） 本設計為礦用皮帶輸送機的結構設計，所選的題目與書本學習知識聯(lián)系緊密,比較貼近生產(chǎn)實際情況，比較具有代表性，具有非常大的發(fā)揮空間和巧活多樣的設計思路，對于本科機設專業(yè)的學生來說，題目難度相對適中，課題對學生的專業(yè)素質(zhì)要求較高，并且該題目由該同學單獨完成，經(jīng)由嚴謹?shù)臄?shù)學計算，具有較高的工作量，選題比較符合專業(yè)培養(yǎng)目標。而且需要同學認真查閱資料，扎實學好專業(yè)知識，與任課老師，相關的技術人員溝通，認真完成畢業(yè)論文，選題完全符合專業(yè)培養(yǎng)目標， 對即將畢業(yè)的學生的再學習有較好的指引作用，綜合訓練的要求也得到充分的體現(xiàn)。 二、開題報告完成情況 開題報告已經(jīng)完成。 經(jīng)查閱大量相關皮帶輸送機資料和文獻，并到網(wǎng)上看有關礦用皮帶輸送機的視頻，經(jīng)過指導老師的審查和指導下，已經(jīng)對礦用皮帶輸送機的設計方案及具體結構有了初步的認識，現(xiàn)在已經(jīng)進入了計算設計過程，正在進行設計內(nèi)容、方法和步驟的具體確定工作，我將在以后工作中繼續(xù)努力，認真完成本次畢業(yè)設計。， 三、階段性成果 1、完成了開題報告； 2、通過大量文獻資料的閱讀和老師的精心指導，有了清晰的設計目標，并針對性的收集了大量的資料和圖冊，為設計的順利完成打下了堅實的基礎； 3、基本完成了皮帶輸送機的方案選擇和及部件的選型； 4、英文翻譯工作也已經(jīng)基本完成，現(xiàn)在正對一些結構設計進行校核。 四、存在主要問題 目前存在的主要問題： 1、論文初稿的內(nèi)容還不豐富，思考問題還不夠全面，對材料缺少認真度量。 2、對計算過程中可能出現(xiàn)的問題、原因分析及解決的方案有待進一步完善； 3、現(xiàn)階段所進行的具體結構設計中的具體問題還有待解決； 4、由于將來工作的需要正在學習用UG進行作圖，進度較慢。 五、指導教師對學生在畢業(yè)實習中，勞動、學習紀律及畢業(yè)設計（論文）進展等方面的評語 指導教師： （簽名） 年 月 日 河 南 理 工 大 學 萬 方 科 技 學 院 本科畢業(yè)設計開題報告 題 目 帶式礦用輸送機的結構設計 專業(yè)班級 機設08-2班 學生姓名 王 明 凱 學 號 0828070082 指 導 教 師 呂 鯤 河南理工大學萬方科技學院 本科畢業(yè)設計（論文）開題報告 題目名稱 帶式礦用輸送機的結構設計 學生姓名 王明凱 專業(yè)班級 機設08-2班 學號 0828070082 一，選題的目的和意義： 帶式礦用輸送機是煤礦最理想的高效連續(xù)運輸設備，與其他運輸設備（如機車類）相比，具有輸送距離長、運量大、連續(xù)輸送等優(yōu)點，而且運行可靠，易于實現(xiàn)自動化和集中化控制，尤其對高產(chǎn)高效礦井，帶式輸送機已成為煤炭開采機電一體化技術與裝備的關鍵設備。 作為整個生產(chǎn)環(huán)節(jié)中的重要設備之一，其具有明顯的技術優(yōu)勢：首先是它運行可靠，其次帶式輸送機動力消耗低，最后還可以根據(jù)工藝流程的要求，帶式輸送機能非常靈活地從一點或多點受料．也可以向多點或幾個區(qū)段卸料。當同時在幾個點向輸送帶上加料（如選煤廠煤倉下的輸送機）或沿帶式輸送機長度方向上的任一點通過均勻給料設備向輸送帶給料時，帶式輸送機就成為一條主要輸送干線。帶式輸送機可以在貯煤場料堆下面的巷道里取料，需要時，還能把各堆不同的物料進行混合。物料可簡單地從輸送機頭部卸出，也可通過犁式卸料器或移動卸料車在輸送帶長度方向的任一點卸料。 大四的第一個學期，我首次接受了有關煤礦機械的專業(yè)課程，在了解到帶式輸送機的重要作用時，通過半個學期對帶式輸送機的認真學習，對帶式輸送機的分類、基本結構和用途有了一定了解。 這次畢業(yè)設計給我一個獨立解決問題的很好機會，也為進入工廠工作起了過渡作用。我選擇帶式輸送機的結構設計作為這次重要設計的題目，也是出于自己的興趣和鞏固自己學習過的知識，并能有所提高 二、國內(nèi)外研究現(xiàn)狀簡述： 八十年代末以來，我國的煤礦用帶式輸送機也有了很大的發(fā)展，對其關鍵研究和新產(chǎn)品開發(fā)都取得了可喜的成果。輸送機產(chǎn)品系列不斷增多，從定型的SDJ、SSJ、STJ、DT等系列發(fā)展到多功能。適應特種用途的各種帶式輸送機系列，如國家“七五”攻關項目——大傾角帶式輸送機成套設備、“九五”攻關項目——高產(chǎn)高效工作面順槽可伸縮帶式輸送機等填補了國內(nèi)空白，開發(fā)了大傾角、長距離輸送原煤的新型帶式輸送機系列產(chǎn)品，并對帶式輸送機的關鍵技術及其主要元部件進行了理論研究和產(chǎn)品開發(fā)，應用動態(tài)分析技術和中間驅(qū)動與智能化控制等技術，研制成功了多種軟件啟動和制動裝置以及以PLC為核心的可編程電控裝置。但與國外相比，其機型一般都偏小，特別是帶速通常均不超過4m/s,對高帶速輸送機及其動態(tài)設計與計算機監(jiān)控等關鍵技術問題缺乏實踐經(jīng)驗，由于帶速普遍較低，許多設計單位仍沿用以往的靜態(tài)設計法，用加大輸送帶安全系數(shù)的方法來提高設計的可靠性，其結果不僅增大了設計成本，而且降低了設備運行的可靠性。此外，我國輸送機制造企業(yè)追求小而全模式，未能像國外一樣形成大模式的元部件專業(yè)生產(chǎn)廠或加工中心，致使元部件設計與制造水平得不到有效地提高 三、畢業(yè)設計（論文）所采用的研究方法和手段： 1．在圖書館借閱相關書籍 2．在學校數(shù)據(jù)庫查找相關資料 3．通過老師的指導 4．通過瀏覽因特網(wǎng)上的相關資料 5．對相關資料和數(shù)據(jù)進行理論計算和分析 6. 設計參考有關設計樣板，完善設計方法，進一步完善設計結果 7 通過與同學探討得出有關結論 8 自己總結資料得出結論 四、主要參考文獻與資料獲得情況 [1] 劉建芳 PLC控制變頻器調(diào)速系統(tǒng) 期刊論文 2003年9月 [2] 李炳文，王啟廣 礦山機械[M] 徐州：中國礦業(yè)大學出版社，2007 [3] 黎佩琨 礦井運輸及提升[M] 中國礦業(yè)學院出版社1983 [4] 毛君 煤礦固定機械及運輸設備[M] 北京：煤炭工業(yè)出版社 2006 [5] 王國法 高效綜合機械化采煤成套裝備技術[M] 徐州：中國礦業(yè)大學出版社 2008 [6] 宋偉剛 通用帶式輸送機設計[M] 北京：煤炭工業(yè)出版社 2004 [7]姜漢軍 礦井輔助運輸設備[M] 徐州：中國礦業(yè)大學出版社 2008 [8]閆涵萍，韓延國 礦用變頻調(diào)速技術的研究與應用 [期刊論文]西]西山科技2002年6月 五、畢業(yè)設計（論文）進度安排（按周說明）： 1. 第1-2周 進行實習畢業(yè)兩周。收集、整理相關資料，完成畢業(yè)實習報告（20頁以上） 2．第3-15周 進行畢業(yè)設計。完成開題報告、中期檢查報告、畢業(yè)設計圖紙繪制折合0號圖紙三張，完成畢業(yè)設計說明書，打印、裝訂，論文審核、修改。 3．第16周 準備答辯，進行畢業(yè)答辯。修改、完善、整理、上交有關專業(yè)設計資料 六、指導教師審批意見（對選題的可行性、研究方法、進度安排作出評價，對是否開題作出決定） 指導教師： （簽名） 年 月 日 Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 9461877-7058 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd.doi:10.1016/j.proeng.2011.11.2260Available online at First International Symposium on Mine Safety Science and EngineeringTypical failure analysis and processing of belt conveyorLihua ZHAOSchool of Mechanical Engineering, Northeast Dianli University, Jilin City, Jilin Province Changchun Road 169,132012,China,Yin LINAbstractThe paper analyzes two typical failure forms of roller and conveyor at the belt conveyor, and describes the maintenance methods of prevention and elimination failures to ensure the normal operation of belt conveyor. 2011 Published by Elsevier Ltd. Selection and/or peer-review under responsibility of China Academy of Safety Science and Technology, China University of Mining and Technology(Beijing), McGill University and University of Wollongong.Keywords: belt conveyor; conveyor deviation;roller; typical failure.1. Introduction Belt conveyor is a commonly used equipment of continuous transport, it has a high efficiency andlarge conveying capacity, simpler construction,small amount of maintenance. Can be achieved at different distances, different materials transportation. It iss widely used in mining, coal handling system in thermal power plant and other projects. Belt conveyor will often occur some typical problems in the course,this paper Based on research common typical failure of belt conveyor during use,analysis the cause offailure,proposed some effective methods to solve the problem.2. Typical faults of conveyor belt2.1. Conveyor belt deviationIn the belt conveyor, as the conveyor belt is traction components, transmit power and motion, also is carrying components, support material load. Working more complex, so at work often happen belt deviation. Deviation is the conveyor belt during operation, the center line of belt deviation the center line of conveyor. As the conveyor belt deviation may cause between the belt edge and rack wear, cause belt Lihua ZHAO. Tel: +0086-432-64822626; fax: +0086-432-64666020. Email: 943Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 946edge premature damage, Ranging impact the life of conveyors, affect the throughput of materials, Weight is caused by withdrawal material, even happen stop occurrence, direct impact on production. As the conveyor belt is more important, the most expensive parts. Its price about 25%50% to the conveyor. So analysis the reasons of belt deviation, reduce and eliminate belt deviation, It is an important part of ensure belt to work, extend equipment life. Cause the belt occurs deviation because of the following factors.2.1.1. In the device itselfa. Rack rigid is poor, large deformation under load, causing the belt deviation.b. The larger error of roller outer cylindrical, caused deviation when the conveyor belt running.c. The supporting roller rotation is not flexible, causes the conveyor belt both sides stress to be uneven, causes the conveyor belt deviation.d. The parallelism error cylindrical axis and roller axis is too big, causes the conveyor belt deviation.e. Conveyor belt itself is questionable quality, thin and thick uneven, caused a shock lead running conveyor belt deviation.f. Conveyor belt manufacturing quality have defects, the length of belt both sides edge is inconsistent,cause running conveyor belt deviation.g. Not parallel with belt connector, connection error is too big, cause belt deviation.2.1.2. Installation adjustmenta. Drive, change roller axis and conveyor centerline vertical error is too big, make conveyor and horizontal line have a bigr inclination, cause belt deviation.b. Roller axis and conveyor centerline vertical error is big, will cause belt deviation also.c. The connection strength between rack and ground is not enough, the rack unstable, causing belt deviation.d. The feeding plate of discharge trough and improperly located, both sides of the conveyor belt uneven force cause belt deviation.2.1.3. With maintenancea. The cleaning performance of sweeper is poor, make the roller cylindrical diameter local increases.b. Feeding mouth location is wrong, so that the material partial load on the conveyor belt, cause belt deviation.c. Poor maintenance and improper adjustment, resulting in the conveyor belt deviation.d. For the steel cord belt, as the manufacture of steel cord is uneven force, so that a deviation occurs in the operation, or a strong difference of belt, large elongation under load, causing the vibration, the belt will deviation.e. Also, the vibration of running conveyor belt system can cause the deviation.f. In addition, when conveying some viscous material, make the roller, etc. bonding materials, make the cylindrical diameter of roller part increases, causing belt deviation.2.2. Measures to prevent the belt deviation2.2.1. Due to equipment in the manufacture of conveyor belt causes the deviation, primarily through improved design, manufacture precision to prevent and reduce the occurrence of conveyor belt deviation.2.2.2. For installation adjust improper and daily use causes deviation, mainly the following aspects should be considered:944 Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 946Conveyor belt in drive roller or on rear rollers deviation, usually by adjusting the position of the roller bearing ways to eliminate, usually by adjusting the position of the roller bearing ways to eliminate.a.The longitudinal centerline of the roller rotation axis and conveyor is not perpendicular, resulting in the conveyor belt one side loose and the other tight, belt move from the tight side to the loose side, Occurs deviation phenomenon. Should be adjusted bearing position of the tighten deviation side. Make horizontal pull of belt equal, eliminate deviation. When tail roller is spiral tensioning,the reasons of tail deviation may be due to the top tight power of tensioning device both sides screw rod are not equal, resulting in caused by imbalance.b. Cylinder axis is not horizontal, at both ends bearing of the height difference is cause another reason of head or tail deviation. At this point, at both ends roller bearing should add and subtract shims way to leveling roller axis ,to eliminate conveyor belt deviation.c. Roller surface adhesion material, equivalent to increasing the roller local rdiameter, will cause the conveyor belt deviation, should strengthen empty segment cleaning of conveyor belt to reduce the adhesive material or dust accumulation on the conveyor belt. In addition, the conveyor belt between the nose and tail parts deviation, called central or local deviation. Such deviation reasons is more complex, it is with the conveyor belt along device exposure to a relationship. Need a detailed analysis for specific issues. Using the following methods can resolve these issues.A. Load or no-load branch roller axis with the conveyor belt running centerline is not perpendicular, causing tape at the roller deviation. Deviation ends should adjustment to the conveyor belt running direction. At this time often need to adjust the adjacent groups of rollers in order to achieve the purpose of eliminating deviation, adjusting deviation angle should not be too big.B. Conveyor belt joint with the tape centerline (trumpet) is not perpendicular, to cause the deviation, Should improved installation connection accuracy to eliminate deviation.C. If material loaded on the conveyor belt is straight; make the material block and weight distribution along bandwidth direction distribution serious inequality, cause deviation, through adjustment blanking tube and skirt plate location method to be eliminated.D. Recently, it was suggested that the method of application film for transfer partial conveyor belt, because of high manufacturing costs and some technical problems not well solved, makes this method very difficult to promote the use.3. The typical failure of roller3.1. Operation is not flexibleEach belt conveyor have lot number rollers, installation shown in Picture 1, their work status directly affects the conveyor is working. According to the actual work of conveyor, roller in the conveyor system can be classified four kinds according their efect, trough roller, parallel roller, buffer roller and self-aligning roller; according to the loads case can be divided two kinds, no-load roller and bearing roller. Trough roller use bearing branches of materials, play a supporting role and increased throughput role.Parallel roller is a long-shaped roller, for no-load branch of conveyor, to play a supporting role of no-load branch tape; buffer roller is trough roller too. Flexible support trough roller be installed on conveyor load branch, Installed in the material office. Reduce the impact of material for conveyor belt, protect the tape and support bearing. Generally based on the elastic support were divided into rubber ring and spring plate; the role of self-aligning roller is a certain degree of automatic adjustment of conveyor belt deviation, To avoid excessive wear of belt and materials scattered. In the load and no-load branch are equipped with a number of self-aligning roller. The self-aligning principle shown in Fig. 2.945Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 946Roller bearingGoods Vtape movement Direction belt belt Spherical roller ax OFig.1. Installs the schematic drawing Fig. 2. Adjusts the heart principleManufacture installation quality of roller directly affect the life and running resistance of conveyor belt. roller repair and replacement costs are also an important part of conveyor belt operating expenses. The roller operation quality for conveyor of the running resistance, power consumption, roller and belt life, maintenance workload and cost of transportation has a significant impact. Therefore, analysis method to extend the service life of rollers, also an important contents to ensure stable operation of belt conveyor, practical significance in engineering. Trough roller of belt conveyor systems used on material bearing branch, play supporting role and increased throughput role. Parallel roller is a long-shaped roller, for no-load branch of conveyor, to play a supporting role of no-load branch tape; buffer roller is trough roller too. Flexible support trough roller be installed on conveyor load branch, Installed in the material office. Reduce the impact of material for conveyor belt, protect the tape and support bearing. The role of self-aligning roller is a certain degree of automatic adjustment of conveyor belt deviation, To avoid excessive wear of belt and materials scattered. In the load and no-load branch are equipped with a number of self-aligning roller. If roller appear rotating not flexible or not turning phenomenon. The drag coefficient of roller operation by rolling into a slide, value was ten times to increase. The results will result in increased running resistance of belt conveyors, electric power consumption increases. As the roller rotation is not flexible, the friction between roller and conveyor belt by rolling friction into sliding friction, make the friction increase between the two, shorten the equipment life . Therefore, we must often replace a large number of idlers, conveyor belt, resulting in increased equipment maintenance, operating costs increased.Many factors for affect the flexibility of running rollers and life span, summarized in the following areas:a.Manufacturing quality of rollerRoller manufacturing problems mainly in the bearing stiffness is not enough, it is difficult to ensure precision of roller assembly, thereby constraining the flexibility of running roller.b.Sealed lubrication and the use of maintenanceMain factors of affect roller rotation not flexible include sealing and bearing lubrication problem. As the work environment of belt is more severe. Generally speaking, the dust are great on used site. The seal form of bearing have a great influence on the running flexibility for rollers. If sealed not well, Dirt is easy into bearing to cause the roller rotation is not flexible, In addition, bearing grease if using the general calcium base grease is easy to change color to dry, can not play a very good lubricant role.946 Lihua ZHAO and Yin LIN / Procedia Engineering 26 (2011) 942 9463.2. Solutionsa. In the roller manufacturing processes guarantee the accuracy requirements, For example, pressing bearing bore to achieve three precision, tube at both ends of dimensional tolerances, concentricity and ovality must meet national standards. The products have strict quality inspection to ensure that all products qualified.b.Sealed lubrication, in addition to manufacturing quality assurance, go with good lubricating materials, such as use of lithium-based grease, can improve the lubrication of bearings which extend the life of the roller is necessary.c.Bearing used to ball bearings support, plastic sealing ring labyrinth seal structure, this can ensure roller worked reasonable force, While ensuring dust effect good, resistance small, easy assembly and disassembly, easy to maintain, reduce conveyor operating costs.4. ConclusionWide range applications of belt conveyors, and the work environment is generally more difficult, to keep equipment running in good working condition, extend equipment life, improve the quality of operation, reduce operating costs has been the goal of engineering and technical personnel. Analyze and resolve the impact normal operation of the main problems, to ensure the good functioning of device, it is an important work of equipment maintenance. This paper analyzes the proposed method. Helpful improve site maintenance staff levels to solve practical problems, for practical project has important significance.References1yixiang Lang. Transportation machinery equipment in thermal power plant.MNortheast dianli university book; 1998.08.2lihua Zhao. Operation and Maintenance of Coal Handling System in Thermal Power Plant, J.Colliery Machine;2011,NO. 02.3lihua Zhao. Typical failure analysis and processing of belt conveyorJ.Hoisting and Conveying Machinery;2003,NO 10.4lihua Zhao. The adjustment method of conveyor belt deviation J. Colliery Machine. 2001. No.05.