2020年高考英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 定語從句學(xué)案

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1、 課題名稱 定語從句 學(xué)習(xí)目標(biāo)： 掌握定語從句的基本含義及各種關(guān)系詞的用法 學(xué)習(xí)的重點(diǎn)難點(diǎn)： 對關(guān)系代詞及關(guān)系副詞的熟練掌握， 作定語從句題的方法的熟練運(yùn)用 典型例題及解題分析: 1. The factory was built in a secret place， around ______ high mountains. A. which was?? B. it was C. which were???????? D. them were 容易誤選A或B，將A、B中的 which 和 it 誤認(rèn)為是其后句子的主語。

2、 「分析」最佳答案是C，around which were high mountains 是一個(gè)由“介詞+which”引出的非限制性定語從句，而在該從句中，主語是 high mountains，around which 是表語，所以句子謂語應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)were，而不是用單數(shù) was.請做以下類例題目（答案均為C）： （1） Yesterday we visited a modern hospital， around _______ some fruit shops. A. which is??????B. it is C. which are?????????D. them are （2

3、） The murder happened in an old building， beside ______ the city police station. A. which are???? B. it is C. which is????????D. them are 2. A man with a bleeding hand hurried in and asked， “Is there a hospital around ______ I can get some medicine for my wounded hand？” A. that?????? B. which

4、 C. where?????????? D. what 「陷阱」容易誤選 B，認(rèn)為 around 是介詞，選 which 用以代替前面的名詞 hospital，在此用作介詞 around 的賓語。 「分析」最佳答案為C.以上語法分析并不算錯(cuò)，但問題是，照此分析，此句的意思即為：有沒有這樣一個(gè)醫(yī)院，我在它的附近可以買藥治我的手傷？這樣的語境顯然有點(diǎn)不合情理，因?yàn)槿藗兺ǔＪ窃卺t(yī)院里面治傷，而不是在醫(yī)院附近治傷。此題選 C 的理由是：句中的 around 不是介詞，而是副詞，意為“在附近”；其后的 where 引導(dǎo)定語從句用以修飾其前的地點(diǎn)名詞 hospital，句意為：附近有沒有一家醫(yī)院

5、，我可以去治我的手傷 3. _____ is known to everybody， the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It???????????? B. As C. That????????? D. What 「分析」最佳答案是 B.as 引導(dǎo)的是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句。比較下面一題： _______ is known to everybody that the moon travels round the earth once every month. A. It?????????? B. As

6、 C. That??????????????? D. What 此題答案選 A，it 為形式主語，真正的主語是后面的 that 從句。 再比較下面一組題，其中第（1）題選 B，第（2）題選 D： （1） ______ is mentioned above， the number of the students in senior school is increasing. A. Which??????? B. As C. That?????????? D. It （2） ______ is mentioned above that the number of the s

7、tudents in senior school is increasing. A. Which??????? B. As C. That?????? D. It 4. David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like. A. that??????? B. who C. as?????????? D. whom 「陷阱」此題容易誤選A，許多同學(xué)一看到題干中的such，再聯(lián)系到選項(xiàng)中的 that，便認(rèn)為這是考查such … that …句式。況且，這樣理解意思也還通順。 「分析」最佳答案為C，不是A，因?yàn)樵趕uch …

8、 that … （如此……以至……）結(jié)構(gòu)中，that 引導(dǎo)的是結(jié)果狀語從句，并且 that 在從句中不充當(dāng)句子成分，若在上句填入 such … that …，句末的動詞 like 缺賓語。選C的理由如下：as 用作關(guān)系代詞，用以引導(dǎo)定語從句，修飾其前的名詞 boy，同時(shí) as 在定語從句中用作動詞 like 的賓語，句意為“所有老師都喜歡的一位好男孩”。有的同學(xué)可能還會問，假若選A，能否將其后的 that 視為引導(dǎo)定語從句的關(guān)系代詞呢？不能，因?yàn)楫?dāng)先行詞受到 such 的修飾時(shí)，其后的定語從句應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 as 來引導(dǎo)，而不用that.比較下面一題，答案為A，因?yàn)?like 后有自己的賓語 h

9、im： David is such a good boy _______ all the teachers like him. A. that?????? B. who C. as?????????? D. whom 5. The buses， most of _______ were already full， were surrounded by an angry crowd. A. that?????????? B. it ? C. them???????????? D. which 「分析」最佳答案是D.most of which were already full

10、為非限制性定語從句，修飾 the buses.類似地，以下各題也選D： （1） His house， for _______ he paid $10， 000， is now worth $50， 000. A. that????????? B. it C. them?????? D. which （2）Her sons， both of ______ work abroad， will come back home this summer. A. that??????? B. who C. them??????? D. whom 7. He had a lot of

11、 friends， only a few of ______ invited to his wedding. A. whom?????????? B. them C. which????????? D. who 「分析」最佳答案是B，這不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭釉~ invited 并不是一個(gè)完整的謂語，而是一個(gè)過去分詞。當(dāng)然，假若在 invited 前加上助動詞 were，則是一個(gè)非限制性定語從句，答案便應(yīng)選A. 7. On Sundays there were a lot of children playing in the park， _____

12、__ parents seated together joking. A. their??????? B. whose C. which??????????? D. that 「分析」最佳答案是A.與上面一題相似，their parents seated together joking 不是非限制性定語從句，而是一個(gè)獨(dú)立主格結(jié)構(gòu)，因?yàn)榭崭窈蟮膭釉~ seated 不是謂語，而是一個(gè)過去分詞，因?yàn)?seat 作動詞用時(shí)，是及物動詞。比較以下相似題： 8. She says that she‘ll never forget the time ________ she’s spent wo

13、rking as a secretary in our company. A. which?????????? B. when C. how?????????????? D. where 「分析」正確答案為A.在時(shí)間名詞和地點(diǎn)名詞后是否用關(guān)系副詞要看它在定語從句中充當(dāng)什么句子成分。一般說來，若用作主語或賓語，用關(guān)系代詞；若用作狀語，則用關(guān)系副詞。上面一題中的動詞 spent 缺賓語，故應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞 which或that.比較下面一題，由于空格后的句子不缺少主語或賓語，所以選關(guān)系副詞when： 1. (09全國II) My friend showed me round the to

14、wn, _________ was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 2. (09安徽)Many children, _________ parents are away working in big cities, are taken good care of in the village. A. their B. whose C. of them D. with whom 3. (09北京)–What do y

15、ou think of teaching, Bob? –I find it fun and challenging. It is a job _________ you are doing something serious but interesting. A. where B. Which C. When D. that 4. (09福建)It’s helpful to put children in a situation _________ they can see themselves differently. A.

16、 that B. when C. which D. where 5. (09湖南)I was born in New Orleans, Louisiana, a city _________ name will create a picture of beautiful trees and green grass in our mind. A. which B. of which C. that D. whose 6. (09江蘇)Because of the financial crisis, days a

17、re gone _________ local 5-star hotels charged 6,000 yuan for one night. A. if B. when C. which D. since 7. (09遼寧)They’ve won their last three matches, _________ I find a bit surprising actually. A. that B. when C. what D. which 8. (09全國I)She br

18、ought with her three friends, none of _________ I had ever met before. A. them B. who C. whom D. these 9. (09全國II) My friend showed me round the town, _________ was very kind of him. A. which B. that C. where D. it 10. (09山東)Whenever I

19、met her, _________ was fairly often, she greeted me with a sweet smile. A. who B. which C. when D. that 11. (09陜西)Gun control is a subject?_________ Americans have argued for a long time . A. of which???? B. with which??? C. about which???? D. into which 12. (09

20、上海)Mozart’s birthplace and the house _________ he composed “The Magic Flute” are both museums now. A. where B. when C. there D. which 13. (09四川)She’ll never forget her stay there _________ she found her son who had gone missing two years before. A. that

21、B. which C. where D. when 14. (09天津)A person _________ e-mail account is full won’t be able to send or receive any e-mails. A. who B. whom C. whose D. whoever 15. (09天津)I travel to the Binhai New Area by light railway every day, _________ do many business

22、men who live in downtown Tianjin. A. as B. which C. when D. though 16. (09浙江)I have reached a point in my life _________ I am supposed to make decisions of my own. A. which B. where C. how D. why 17. (09重慶)Life is like a long race _________ we compete with others to go beyond ourselves. A. why B. what C. that D. where