高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第1部分 專題2 閱讀七選五 訓(xùn)練2 說明文(Ⅱ)

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訓(xùn)練2　說明文(Ⅱ) A (2016濟(jì)南模擬) “Helicopter parenting” describes a style of raising children where parents are over－protective and do too much.It describes parents who watch over their kids at home and on the playground like a helicopter.Today，modern technology allows these helicopter parents to watch over from even far away. 1 Julie Lythcott wrote a book titled Break Free of the Overparenting Trap and Prepare Your Kids for Success. In her book，she gives readers a closer look at this parenting style. 2 Julie Lythcott says she experienced the effects of “Helicopter parenting” first－h(huán)and when she worked as dean of first year students. 3 But many were unable to take care of themselves.They were turning to parents constantly for guidance，for problem solving，to have them make the choice about something. So what can parents do if they want to break the overparenting “helicopter” cycle? 4 ◆Stop saying “we” when you mean your son or your daughter.All too often a parent would say “we are on the travel soccer team”．Well，no，your son is or your daughter is. ◆ Stop arguing with all of the adults in our kids lives.You need to teach your kids to advocate for themselves. ◆ Stop doing your kids homework. ◆ 5 Teach them to cross the street，make a meal，and remember to put their own items in their backpacks，which becomes a briefcase one day. When kids have all the skills to take care of themselves，they will be prepared for adulthood. A. Four ways are offered to stop watching over your children. B．She also explains why parents should stop it. C．Its a good idea to encourage your kid to do the things he can by himself. D．They can give their children directions at any moment from anywhere. E．Build your kids skills. F．The freshmen were very smart and accomplished on paper. G．Your kid is eager for more freedom，but should you give it to him? 本文是一篇說明文，介紹了當(dāng)今社會(huì)的一種典型的教育方式——“直升機(jī)養(yǎng)育法”，即父母過度保護(hù)孩子。作者在文中提出了解決這個(gè)問題的四個(gè)方法。 1．D　[根據(jù)上文可知，“直升機(jī)養(yǎng)育法”描述的是一種教育孩子的方式，父母對(duì)孩子過度保護(hù)并為孩子做得過多?，F(xiàn)代的技術(shù)允許這些“直升機(jī)父母”在更遠(yuǎn)的距離也能監(jiān)控他們的孩子。D項(xiàng)意為“他們能在任何時(shí)間任何地點(diǎn)引領(lǐng)孩子”，能夠承接上文，并補(bǔ)充說明上文提到的父母可以在遠(yuǎn)處監(jiān)控孩子，符合題意。故選D項(xiàng)。] 2．B　[根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，Julie Lythcott寫了一本名叫《掙脫溺愛陷阱和為你的孩子的成功做準(zhǔn)備》的書。在書中，Julie讓讀者更深入地了解這種直升機(jī)式的教育模式。B項(xiàng)“她也解釋了為什么父母要停止這種溺愛”承接上文，符合題意。故選B項(xiàng)。] 3．F　[根據(jù)上文可知，當(dāng)Julie作為一年級(jí)學(xué)生的教務(wù)長時(shí)，她親身體會(huì)到了“直升機(jī)養(yǎng)育法”帶來的影響。下文又說到但是很多人卻無法照顧自己。F項(xiàng)“這些新生非常聰明而且能按時(shí)完成作業(yè)”能夠聯(lián)系上下文，并與下文形成合理的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，符合語境。故選F項(xiàng)。] 4．A　[根據(jù)下文可知，作者提出了四個(gè)解決“直升機(jī)養(yǎng)育法”問題的方法。A項(xiàng)“有四個(gè)可以讓你不再過度保護(hù)孩子的方法”能夠引出下文，符合題意。故選A項(xiàng)。] 5．E　[根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，要教會(huì)孩子過馬路、做飯、記得把自己的東西放在背包里。E項(xiàng)“培養(yǎng)孩子的技能”能概括本段內(nèi)容，符合題意。故選E項(xiàng)。] B (2016青島質(zhì)量檢測(cè)) Every year，thousands of students choose to study overseas. 6 The following steps may prove useful in their preparations to study overseas. ● Get to know your new home before you land in it. There is no substitute for good preparation. 7 Learning about the history，culture，tradition，language and even details such as food，music，transport，weather and social activities of your new host country are all important.Thanks to the Internet，most of this can be found at the click of a button. ●Pack using your head and your heart. 8 Whatever you bring，make sure that it will be something that you think might help your chances of succeeding.This includes practical items such as study materials，old class notes，favorite textbooks or pens and even the contact details of previous teachers. ● 9 It is important to realize that while new and exciting things may be happening to you in your new environment，things and people back at home will also be changing.When you return home for a visit after a long period of time away，it is possible to feel isolated and experience “reverse(顛倒的) culture shock”．Therefore，with the ease and convenience of communicating via the Internet nowadays，there is no excuse not to keep in touch! ●Learn from all experiences. Value both your achievements and disappointments as learning experiences that can be applied to future situations in life.Dont ignore negative experiences. 10 A. Talk to your close friends and family about your thoughts，dreams and fears. B．Instead，learn from mistakes and turn them into opportunities for future improvement. C．Its not easy being practical when deciding what to pack. D．If you are fortunate enough to meet a foreigner，be sure to ask them as much information as possible. E．Keep in touch with your roots. F．At first thought，the task of preparing to begin life away from home can seem frightening. G．Arm yourself with background knowledge by researching information about the country you are going to. 本文是一篇說明文。文章針對(duì)出國留學(xué)前應(yīng)做哪些準(zhǔn)備提出了一些建議。 6．F　[根據(jù)下文可知，本文是對(duì)出國留學(xué)前應(yīng)做的準(zhǔn)備提出了四條建議。由文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，空格處應(yīng)承接上文，引出下文中的四條建議。F項(xiàng)“一開始，想到為離開家做準(zhǔn)備似乎是令人害怕的”，緊密聯(lián)系上下文。故選F。] 7．G　[根據(jù)下文提到的“history”(歷史)，“culture”(文化)，“tradition”(傳統(tǒng))等可知，G項(xiàng)“通過了解即將去往的國家的背景知識(shí)來武裝自己”符合語境。故選G。] 8．C　[根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題并結(jié)合下文內(nèi)容可知，本段主要講打包需要用心思考，帶一些實(shí)際有用的東西。C項(xiàng)“在決定打包哪些東西的時(shí)候，選擇實(shí)用的東西是不容易的”，能夠引起下文。故選C。] 9．E　[空格處為本段標(biāo)題，根據(jù)文章結(jié)構(gòu)可知，標(biāo)題應(yīng)為祈使句；且根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，本段講的是要與家鄉(xiāng)的人保持聯(lián)系。故選E。] 10．B　[根據(jù)本段標(biāo)題及上文“Dont ignore negative experiences.”可知，空格處應(yīng)該講從負(fù)面經(jīng)驗(yàn)中也能學(xué)到東西。B項(xiàng)“反而要從錯(cuò)誤中學(xué)習(xí)，把它們轉(zhuǎn)變成未來可以得到提高的機(jī)會(huì)”與上文緊密聯(lián)系。故選B。] 【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：90892054】 C (2016合肥教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測(cè)) Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water.As we all know，drinking water benefits your skin，muscles and organs. 11 The major reason for that is related to human biological needs.When youre a baby，youre 75 percent water.Then，as the years get higher，you get drier. 12 It helps you lose weight，according to a study from the University of Birmingham. The researchers found that drinking 500 ml of water thirty minutes before a meal helped participants lose 10 more pounds than those who did not. 13 All participants were advised to improve their diet and physical activity levels.84 overweight adults were involved.Among them 41 were told to “preload” with water，while 43 were told to control their water intake before eating.After 12 weeks，the participants instructed to “preload” with water lost 2.87 pounds more than those in the control group on average.In addition，the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks. 14 Dr.Helen Parretti，a lecturer at the University of Birmingham，had this to say of the study: 15 Just drinking 500 ml of water，three times a day，before your main meals may help reduce your weight...and this could be an easy way for weight loss.Furthermore，it can be significant for an individual to lose extra weight，making a potential contribution to public health. A. Another reason to drink water is right here. B．The study began with a weight management consultation. C．The beauty of these findings is that losing weight is simple. D．But not everyone can get access to tap water in some areas. E．It also helps prevent certain diseases and improve your mood. F．In contrast，those preloading once a day or never，lost just 1.76 pounds. G．So kids should drink more water instead of coke to keep healthy. 本文是一篇說明文。文章向我們說明了喝水的重要性。 11．E　[根據(jù)上文“Everybody knows the importance of drinking enough water.As we all know，drinking water benefits your skin，muscles and organs.”可知，本段主要是說喝水的重要性和對(duì)人體的益處。E項(xiàng)進(jìn)一步闡述了喝水的好處，承接上文。故選E。] 12．A　[根據(jù)上文“The major reason for that is related to human biological needs.”和下文“It helps you lose weight，according to a study from the University of Birmingham.”可知，此處是講人需要喝水的兩個(gè)原因。故選A。] 13．B　[本段主要講的是研究者們所做的一個(gè)實(shí)驗(yàn)。B項(xiàng)引起下文，進(jìn)一步介紹實(shí)驗(yàn)的細(xì)節(jié)，符合語境。故選B。] 14．F　[根據(jù)上文“In addition，the participants preloading with water before each of their three main meals every day lost 9.48 pounds over the 12 weeks.”可知，F(xiàn)項(xiàng)“相反，那一天只有一次在飯前喝水和從不在飯前喝水的人只減了1.76磅”與上文形成對(duì)比，突出了多在飯前喝水的好處，符合語境。故選F。] 15．C　[根據(jù)下文“Just drinking 500 ml of water，three times a day，before your main meals may help reduce your weight...”可知，減肥很簡單，飯前喝水就可以。故選C。] D (2016合肥檢測(cè)) Our most common dreams Dreams have long confused us and their meanings can seem nearly impossible to understand.So we are always wondering： 16 Dreams can have complex meanings.But before we start explaining these dreams，there are a few things we should know： ●Understanding our dreams requires focusing on ourselves—no matter who else is showing up in them. 17 Theyre a visual picture of the dreamers inner state.So after we see ourselves late to class in our dream，consider what being late means for us and go from there. ●We should take dream meaning literally(照字面地)． Just as being nude in public means our body is exposed，a dream about it means we likely feel emotionally exposed.Maybe were about to try something new or daring.If so，the fear is natural that well do nothing.A dream about falling might mean we feel like were losing our balance emotionally. 18 Dreams wont mean the same thing for any two people，but they can be taken as starting points to think about our emotions. ●Our dream may represent a wish not an anxiety. 19 So if we cant locate an anxiety associated with our dream symbol，then think about our desires.If were being chased in our dream，consider this: do you long to be pursued romantically，and feel unfulfilled in that way? 20 A. Is it important to explain dreams? B．What do our most common dreams really mean? C．Anxiety is often explained as a key to a bad dream. D．Early theory held that dreams are our deepest wishes. E．Dreams describe whats going on in our life，nobody elses. F．That is the same with a failing or the beginning of depression. G．Similarly，a dream about taking a test could mean wed like to show off our competency，at work or otherwise. 本文是一篇說明文。長時(shí)間以來夢(mèng)一直困擾著人們，人們不能理解夢(mèng)境的含義。如果想了解夢(mèng)的含義，首先要明白幾個(gè)問題：把注意力集中在自己身上；照字面理解；夢(mèng)或許代表一種希望而非焦慮。 16．B　[根據(jù)前一句中的“their meanings can seem nearly impossible to understand”及第二段第一句“Dreams can have complex meanings.”可知，人們不明白夢(mèng)的含義，因此空格處是在詢問一些常見的夢(mèng)究竟是什么含義。B項(xiàng)符合語境。故選B。] 17．E　[根據(jù)上文中的“focusing on ourselves—no matter who else is showing up in them”可知，無論誰在夢(mèng)中出現(xiàn)過，我們都需要把注意力集中在自己身上。此處解釋原因，因?yàn)閴?mèng)描述的是做夢(mèng)者自己的生活，而不是其他人的，與E項(xiàng)表述一致。故選E。] 18．F　[上文提到，摔倒的夢(mèng)有可能意味著自己情緒上的失衡。F項(xiàng)“這個(gè)夢(mèng)也有可能意味著失敗或失望的開端”與上文銜接緊密，符合語境。故選F。] 19．D　[本段的主題句是“Our dream may represent a wish not an anxiety.”，即夢(mèng)代表的或許是一種希望而不是焦慮。D項(xiàng)中的“dreams are our deepest wishes”與此照應(yīng)。故選D。] 20．G　[上文解釋了夢(mèng)代表著希望，并列舉了在夢(mèng)中被追趕的含義。G項(xiàng)用“Similarly”引出另一個(gè)例子，即夢(mèng)見考試也代表了自己的一種希望，符合語境。故選G。] 【導(dǎo)學(xué)號(hào)：90892055】 E (2016南昌市模擬) How to become a better reader Language and literacy(讀寫能力) are among mankinds greatest inventions.Evolving and even dying over the course of human history，languages are a reflection of our cultural and societal attitudes.Most humans acquire language in early childhood and speak fluently when they are about three years old，but our continued relationship with language gives shape and meaning to our lives. 21 1．Take it slow. Many readers feel that they read too slowly，especially compared with others，but the truth is that the faster you read，the less likely you are to comprehend fully what youre reading. 22 Reading is a lifelong process; learning to read closely and slowly will help you become faster over time without missing anything. 2． 23 When humans first began reading written words，it was unusual to read in silence. Though generally inappropriate for commuters or for late－night adventurers，reading out loud is one of the best ways to improve your reading ability. 24 If so，you will begin to read more accurately and with better vocal expression.Try listening to the author reading their own work—youll be surprised to find how clearly it comes through on the page. 3．Write. 25 How and what you read affects how and what you write，and the best readers often make the best writers.But while much can be learned from close，repeated readings，there are many secretive pleasures to language that can only be experienced through the practice of writing. A．Read aloud. B．Get into the rhythm of the authors voice. C．Here are 3 ways to become a better reader. D．Writing and reading go hand－in－h(huán)and. E．Try writing every day for a month; you will never read the same again. F．The ability to read is important to form an identity and express ones feelings. G．In that case，do not hesitate to re－read the passage. 本文是一篇說明文，就如何成為一個(gè)好的讀者提出了三條建議。 21．C　[根據(jù)下文提出的三點(diǎn)建議可知，C項(xiàng)“下面是成為一名好讀者的三點(diǎn)建議”能夠引出下文，符合語境。故選C。] 22．G　[上文提到你閱讀的速度越快，你就越不可能完全理解所讀的內(nèi)容。下文提到閱讀是終生的過程。G項(xiàng)“在這種情況下，不要猶豫，再讀一遍”聯(lián)系上下文，符合語境。故選G。] 23．A　[根據(jù)下文中的“reading out loud is one of the best ways to improve your reading ability”可知，朗讀是提高閱讀技能最好的方式之一。A項(xiàng)“大聲閱讀”能夠概括本段內(nèi)容，符合語境。故選A。] 24．B　[根據(jù)上下文可知，朗讀是提高閱讀技能的其中一個(gè)方式。根據(jù)下文可知，如果以書的作者的節(jié)奏朗讀的話，你會(huì)朗讀得更加準(zhǔn)確，更生動(dòng)。B項(xiàng)“用作者的聲音節(jié)奏朗讀”符合語境。故選B。] 25．D　[根據(jù)本段內(nèi)容可知，閱讀的方法和內(nèi)容影響寫作的方法和內(nèi)容，最好的讀者往往能成為最好的作家。D項(xiàng)“寫作和閱讀要保持一致，同時(shí)進(jìn)行”符合本段主題，符合語境。故選D。]