外研選修8 M5 課文 英漢對(duì)譯校對(duì)版

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1、READING AND VOCABULARY（1） Space：the final Frontier Part 1 1Ever since Neil Armstrong first set foot on the Moon back on 21st July, 1969, people have become accustomed to the idea of space travel. 2Millions of people watched that first moon landing on television , their hearts in their mouths, awa

2、re of how difficult and dangerous an adventure it was, and what risks had to be taken. With Armstrong's now famous words : " That's one small step for man , one giant leap for mankind" , a dream was achieved. All three astronauts made it safely back to Earth, using a spaceship computer that was much

3、 less powerful than the ones used by the average school students today. There were several more journeys into space over the next few years but the single spaceships were very expensive as they could not take off more than once. People were no longer so enthusiastic about a space travel programme t

4、hat was costing the United States $10 million a day. That was until the arrival of the space shuttle -a spacecraft that could be used for several journeys. The first shuttle flight into space was the Columbia-launched from the Kennedy Space Centre on 12th April,1981. 3The aim of this flight was to t

5、est the new shuttle system,to go safely up into orbit and to return to the Earth for a safe landing. It was a success and a little more than a decade after Apollo’s historic voyage, the Columbia made a safe, controlled, aeroplane-style landing in California. This was the start of a new age of space

6、 travel. By the time the Challenger took off in 1986, the world seemed to have lost its fear and wonder at the amazing achievement of people going up into space. But this was going to be a special flight and so millions of people tuned in to witness the take-off on TV. An ordinary teacher, Christa

7、 McAuliffe, 37 , who was married with two children, was to be the first civilian in space. She was going to give two fifteen-minute lessons from space. The first was to show the controls of the spacecraft and explain how gravity worked. The second was to describe the aims of the Challenger space

8、 programme. Christa hoped to communicate a sense of excitement and create new interest in the space programme. Sadly, she never came back to her classroom again, as the shuttle exploded just over a minute after taking off in Florida and all seven astronauts were killed. The world was in shock-mayb

9、e they assumed this space flight would be no more dangerous than getting on an aeroplane. But how wrong they were-in one moment excitement and success tumed into fear and disaster. It was the worst space accident ever. As one Russian said at the time , "When something like this happens we are neithe

10、r Russians nor Americans. We are just human beings who have the same feelings. Part 2 I can remember that day so clearly, watching the take-off on TV at school. There was an ordinary teacher on the Challenger, and we were all very excited. 5We didn't have much patience waiting for the launch. We h

11、ad seen the smiling faces of the astronauts waving to the world as they stepped into the shuttle. Then, little more than a minute after take-off, we saw a strange red and orange light in the sky, followed by a cloud of white smoke. The Challenger had exploded in midair and we all started screaming.

12、 It happened so quickly and everyone was in a state of shock. Like every schoolboy I had thought that going into space as an astronaut must be the best job in the world. When I heard,a few weeks later,that the bodies of the astronauts and even the teacher's lesson plans had been found at the bottom

13、of the ocean,I was not so sure it was worth it at all. 6In spite of all our advanced technology, the world is still only at the very beginning of its voyage into space. 太空——最后的（未開發(fā)）領(lǐng)域 第一部分 自從尼爾?阿姆斯特朗在1969年7月21日首次踏上月球以來，人們對(duì)太空旅行這一概念已經(jīng)非常熟悉。數(shù)百萬的人們從電視上觀看了首次登月，他們的心提到了嗓子眼，因?yàn)樗麄兪智宄@次是多么艱難多么危險(xiǎn)，以及要冒多么大的風(fēng)險(xiǎn)。

14、 伴隨著阿姆斯特朗這句如今已經(jīng)很有名的話：“這是個(gè)人的一小步，但卻是整個(gè)人類的一大步”，一個(gè)夢(mèng)想終于實(shí)現(xiàn)了。3個(gè)宇航員順利返回地球，他們當(dāng)年使用的計(jì)算機(jī)遠(yuǎn)不及現(xiàn)在一個(gè)普通學(xué)生使用的電腦高級(jí)。 在接下來的幾年里，又有幾艘宇宙飛船進(jìn)入太空，但是單程宇宙飛船非常昂貴，因?yàn)樗鼈冎荒鼙皇褂靡淮?。人們?duì)每天要花掉美國1，000萬美元的太空旅行計(jì)劃不再那么熱衷了。這種情況一直持續(xù)到航天飛機(jī)的出現(xiàn)——那是一種可以被用來進(jìn)行幾次旅行的航天器。第一架到達(dá)太空的航天飛機(jī)是“哥倫比亞”號(hào)——于1981年4月12日發(fā)射于肯尼迪航天中心。這次飛行的目的是測(cè)試這種新的飛行器系統(tǒng)，看這種飛行器是否能夠安全進(jìn)入軌道、返回地

15、球并且安全著陸。距離“阿波羅11號(hào)”歷史性的航行僅僅十年多的時(shí)間，這次飛行取得了成功，“哥倫比亞”號(hào)在控制下以飛機(jī)著陸的方式安全地返回了加利福尼亞。這次飛行開辟了太空旅行的新紀(jì)元。 到1986年“挑戰(zhàn)者”號(hào)起飛的時(shí)候，人們似乎已經(jīng)沉醉于人類走進(jìn)太空這一巨大成就而忘記了恐懼，也失去了好奇心。 但這將是一次特殊的飛行，因此數(shù)百萬人打開電視來親眼目睹這次起飛。一位37歲的普通教師克里斯塔?麥奧里菲將要成為第一位進(jìn)入太空的普通公民，她已經(jīng)結(jié)婚并有兩個(gè)孩子。她將從太空中上兩節(jié)15分鐘的課。第一節(jié)課將展示怎么操縱航天器并且解釋重力如何作用。第二節(jié)課將描述“挑戰(zhàn)者”號(hào)太空計(jì)劃的目的?？死锼顾Ｍ芗て鹑?/p>

16、們的興奮感并且重新喚起人們對(duì)太空旅行計(jì)劃的興趣。 可悲的是，她再也沒有回到她的課堂，因?yàn)楹教祜w機(jī)在佛羅里達(dá)起飛一分多鐘后就爆炸了，7名宇航員全部遇難。 全世界都震驚了——也許他們?cè)径颊J(rèn)為這次太空飛行跟乘坐飛機(jī)一樣沒有什么危險(xiǎn)。但是他們都大錯(cuò)特錯(cuò)了——?jiǎng)x那間，興奮和成功就變成了恐懼和災(zāi)難。這是有史以來最為嚴(yán)重的太空事故。正如當(dāng)時(shí)一位俄羅斯人所說：“當(dāng)這樣的事情發(fā)生的時(shí)候，我們不再有美國人或者俄羅斯人之分。我們都只是有相同感覺的人類?！? 第二部分 我清楚地記得那天在學(xué)校通過電視觀看“挑戰(zhàn)者”號(hào)起飛的情景。有位普通的老師在“挑戰(zhàn)者”號(hào)上，我們都很興奮。我們迫不及待地等待著它起飛。當(dāng)宇航員進(jìn)

17、入航天飛機(jī)的時(shí)候，我們看見他們滿臉笑容地向人們揮手致意。然后，就在起飛一分多鐘后，我們看到了空中一道奇怪的橘紅色的光，接著就是一團(tuán)白煙?！疤魬?zhàn)者”號(hào)在半空爆炸了，我們都開始尖叫起來。 事情發(fā)生得太突然了，人們驚呆了。和其他男生一樣，我本以為當(dāng)一名宇航員進(jìn)入太空一定是世界上最好的工作。幾個(gè)星期后，當(dāng)我聽說那幾位宇航員的遺體甚至那位老師的教案在大洋底部被找到的時(shí)候，我不再那么肯定這一切是否值得。即使我們掌握了現(xiàn)在的全部先進(jìn)技術(shù)，這個(gè)世界依然只是處于太空旅行的起步階段。 READING AND VOCABULARY（2） Secrets of the Gas Giant The Ca

18、ssini-Huygens space probe, which reached Saturn last week,has sent back amazing photographs of the planet's famous rings viewed in ultraviolet light. The pictures show them in shades of blue,green and red. The different colours show exactly what the rings are made of : the red means the ring contain

19、s tiny pieces of rock and the blue and green is likely to be a mixture of water and frozen gases. Satum itself is made of gases. It is so light and it could float on water-if a big enough ocean could be found ! The probe is an intenational project to explore the planet and its rings and moons. It w

20、as launched in 1997 and its mission was to explore the "gas giant" planet which is the furthest planet to be seen from the Earth without a telescope. Scientists say the spacecraft's four-year tour of Satum may tell them how the rings are formed. It will also study the planet's atmosphere and magnet

21、ic field. The probe has sent back pictures of some of Satum's moons,including tiny Phoebe, which has a strange shape-unlike other planets and their moons, it is not perfectly round-and Saturn's biggest moon , Titan , which is believed to be the only body in the solar system other than the Earth wit

22、h liquid on the surface. The images of Titan and Phoebe look strangely like photos of the Earth and our own Moon, taken decades ago by the earliest space missions. They are so clear that it is easy to forget they are coming from a distance of one-and-a-half-billion kilometres. 巨型氣體星球的秘密 上周到達(dá)土星的“卡

23、西尼·惠更斯”號(hào)太空探測(cè)器發(fā)回了著名的土星光環(huán)的照片，這些令人驚奇的照片是在紫外線下拍攝的。這些照片顯示了它們?cè)谒{(lán)色、綠色和紅色陰影下的光環(huán)。這些不同的顏色確切地表明了土星光環(huán)的組成部分：紅色意味著光環(huán)中含有微小的巖石顆粒；藍(lán)色和綠色可能是水和冰凍氣體的混合物。土星本身是由氣體構(gòu)成的。它非常輕并且能夠浮在水面上——如果能夠找到一個(gè)足夠大的海洋！ 這個(gè)探測(cè)器是一項(xiàng)國際性的工程，目的是探索這一行星及其光環(huán)和衛(wèi)星。探測(cè)器于1997年發(fā)射，其任務(wù)是探索這個(gè)“巨型氣體”星球，它是我們從地球上不用望遠(yuǎn)鏡所看到的最遠(yuǎn)的行星。 科學(xué)家們說這個(gè)航天器為時(shí)4年的土星之旅能夠告訴他們這些光環(huán)是如何形成的。它也會(huì)

24、研究土星的大氣和磁場。探測(cè)器還發(fā)回了土星的幾顆衛(wèi)星的照片，其中包括形狀奇特的小個(gè)子土衛(wèi)九——跟其他行星和衛(wèi)星不同的是，它沒有那么圓——還有土星最大的衛(wèi)星土衛(wèi)六，人們都認(rèn)為那是太陽系中除了地球以外唯一表面有液體的星體。 數(shù)十年前由最早的太空任務(wù)拍攝的土衛(wèi)六和土衛(wèi)九的照片看起來很奇怪，就像地球和我們的月球的照片。它們是如此的清晰以致很容易就忘掉了它們來自15億千米之外的地方。 READING PRACTICE May the Force Be with You Star Wars is a series of science fantasy films. The six-film seri

25、es began in 1977, and has a world-wide audience, with films, books , video games , television series and toys. It is now acknowledged by the movie industry as the most successful film series ever. The films were made in random order, and move backwards and forwards through two hundred years. They d

26、escribe the deeds of Anakin Skywalker, a noble Jedi knight, while Darth Vader ,under orders from Lord Sith, creates tension then conflict between various autonomous republics and movements. This results in the defeat of the Jedi. Then Anakin's son , Luke Skywalker ,joins the Rebel Alliance to attac

27、k the authority of the new evil Empire. He accuses Darth Vader of killing his father, so he trains to become a Jedi knight and swears to avenge his loss. But to his sorrow,he learns that his father is actually Darth Vader himself. Luke escapes the latrer's grasp, as well as the Emperor's attempt to

28、tum him to the Dark Side. Instead , to his great relief, he achieves glory by turning his father back to the Light Side,while the divisions of the Rebel Alliance fleet fights the battle for the airspace over the motherland , and wins the war. Star Wars reflects many abstract concepts in Greek, Roma

29、n and Chinese folk stories, such as an ability to foresee the future and the impossibility of controlling one's destiny. For example, Anakin Skywalker causes the death of his wife while coming to her aid. Luke is like the hero of a wuxia film, with his intention of avenging the death of his father,

30、to become the most powerful Master of his art. The broad theme of Star Wars' philosophy is the Force, and in every move someone says "May the Force be with you." Star Wars stresses the dangers of fear, anger, and hate, as well as putting aside one's sympathy for certain people. For example, Luke Sk

31、ywalker is ever told that his commitment ought to be to finish his training rather than rescue his friends. This is consistent with many religious faiths, which stress rational thought, personal dignity and a devotion to praying for holy understanding, as opposed to the "Dark Side" , of violent pas

32、sion and acute emotion. However, the strongest influence is Taoist philosophy. The Force is similar to Qi,a stable balance of the Yin and Yang forces to human beings and the environment. Many true Taoist masters eventually become supreme beings, similar to Obi-Wan and Yoda who Luke , as their schol

33、ar . consults for their teaching and advice. Even the language and clothing convey the philosophy of the Force-the Dark Force soldiers speak with British accents and wear black uniforms whilst most of the Rebels speak American English and wear light colours. 愿力量與你同在 《星球大戰(zhàn)》是系列科幻電影。這6部系列電影開始于1977年，

34、用電影、書籍、游戲、電視劇和玩具的形式征服了全世界的觀眾。它被電影界公認(rèn)為到目前為止最成功的電影系列。 電影按任意順序拍攝，時(shí)間在200年間來回變換。它們描述了一位貴族杰迪武士——安納金·斯凱沃克的事跡，不過達(dá)斯·維德在西斯王的指令下，在各個(gè)自治共和國之間制造緊張局勢(shì)進(jìn)而造成沖突和這些國家的動(dòng)搖。結(jié)果導(dǎo)致了杰迪共和國的失敗。 后來安納金的兒子盧克·凱斯沃克加入了反抗者聯(lián)盟去抵制新的邪惡帝國的統(tǒng)治。他指責(zé)達(dá)斯·維德殺害了他父親，所以他接受訓(xùn)練成為一名杰迪武士并發(fā)誓耍報(bào)仇。但是讓他傷心的是，他得知他的父親正是達(dá)斯·維德本人。盧克逃脫了后者的控制并使帝國皇帝想把他變成邪惡勢(shì)力的企圖落空。 相反

35、，讓他深感安慰的是他通過把他的父親拉回到正義一方而獲得了榮譽(yù)，同時(shí)反抗者聯(lián)盟艦隊(duì)正在為保衛(wèi)祖國領(lǐng)空而戰(zhàn)，并且取得了勝利。 《星球大戰(zhàn)》反映了很多希臘、羅馬和中國的民間傳說中抽象的觀念，比如能預(yù)知未來的能力和掌握自己命運(yùn)的不可能性。例如，安納金·斯凱沃克要去幫助他妻子的時(shí)候卻造成了她的死亡。盧克就像武俠電影中的英雄，帶著為其父報(bào)仇的目的，成為最強(qiáng)大的武術(shù)大師。 《星球大戰(zhàn)》的廣泛的哲學(xué)主題就是力量，而且在每一部電影中都有人說“愿力量與你同在?！薄缎乔虼髴?zhàn)》強(qiáng)調(diào)害怕、憤怒和仇恨的危險(xiǎn)，而且撇開一個(gè)人對(duì)某些人的同情。比如，盧克-斯凱沃克曾被告知他應(yīng)當(dāng)完成訓(xùn)練而不是營救朋友。 這同許多宗教信仰一

36、致，都強(qiáng)調(diào)理性思考、個(gè)人尊嚴(yán)和祈求神圣的理解，這同有著激烈情感的“邪惡勢(shì)力”相對(duì)。然而，最大的影響來自道教思想。這里所說的“力量”同“氣”相近，“氣”指人類和環(huán)境中的陰陽兩種力量之間的一種穩(wěn)定的平衡。很多得到道教真?zhèn)鞯娜俗罱K成為舉足輕重的人物，就像歐比旺和尤達(dá)，作為他們的門生，盧克曾向他們請(qǐng)教學(xué)問和詢問建議。語言和服裝甚至也揭示了這種力量的哲學(xué)——黑暗力量的士兵講帶有英國口音的語言、穿著黑色服裝，然而大部分反抗者講美語并穿著明亮的衣服。 CULTURAL CORNER The war of the Worlds In 1898 ,the English writer H. C. Well

37、s wrote what is arguably the most important novel in the history of science fiction The War of the Worlds. It is a dramatic story about an invasion of the Earth by aliens from Mars, a subject that has fascinated science fiction writers and film-makers ever since. But when , in 1938, the American act

38、or and director, Orson Welles set a radio drama of The War of the Worlds in the real life New Jersey town of Grover's Mill,little did he know what impact he was going to make. When people turned on their radios and heard the Mercury Theatre Company broadcast, it was so realistic that they believed e

39、very word : Ladies and gentlemens, I have a grave announcement to make. Incredible as it may seem , both the observations of science and the evidence of our eyes lead to the inescapable assumption that those strange beings who landed in the New Jersey farmlands tonight are the vanguard of an invadi

40、ng army from the planet Mars. Orson Welles had managed to set in motion a panic across America. When people heard that an invasion by aliens from Mars was underway , there was a wave of mass hysteria. Hundreds of people left their homes in panic, there were traffic jams all over the state and the p

41、olice received thousands of telephone calls from terrified listeners who believed that Martians were attacking. The sleepy town of Crover's Mill for an hour became the centre of the universe. One 13-year-old boy was doing his homework when he heard the first newsflash of the invasion. Taking the r

42、adio into the café downstairs where his mother worked, he and a dozen or so customers listened with mounting fear to the broadcast，until the men jumped up and announced they were going to get their guns and join in the defence at Grover's Mill. Did Orson Welles deliberately set out to terrify the n

43、ation? Or was it simply a masterpiece of realistic theatre? Either way, The War of the Worlds will be remembered as a piece of broadcasting history. 世界之戰(zhàn) 1898年，英國作家H．G．威爾斯寫成了科幻小說史上最重要的小說《世界之戰(zhàn)》，關(guān)于這一點(diǎn)仍有爭議。這個(gè)戲劇性的故事是關(guān)于火星外星人對(duì)地球的入侵，這一主題也讓科幻小說作家和電影制作人從此著迷不已。但是1938年當(dāng)美國演員兼導(dǎo)演奧森·威爾斯以新澤西的格羅弗磨房鎮(zhèn)的真實(shí)生活場景為背景播出廣播劇

44、《世界大戰(zhàn)》時(shí)，他根本不知道他將要造成多大的轟動(dòng)。當(dāng)人們打開收音機(jī)聽到墨丘利戲劇公司的廣播，那是如此的真實(shí)以致他們相信廣播中的每個(gè)詞： 女士們、先生們，我要宣布一件重大的事。盡管看起來不可思議，但科學(xué)觀測(cè)以及我們的肉眼看到的證據(jù)都必然會(huì)讓我們做出一個(gè)設(shè)想，那就是今晚降落在新澤西農(nóng)場的怪物就是來自火星入侵部隊(duì)的先導(dǎo)。 奧森·威爾斯成功地引起了美國人的恐慌。當(dāng)聽到來自火星的外星人就要入侵時(shí)，大眾的恐慌情緒高漲。成百上千的人們因恐懼棄家而逃，全美國都在交通阻塞，警察接到了數(shù)千個(gè)受驚嚇的聽眾打來的電話，他們都相信火星人就要進(jìn)攻地球了。安靜了一小時(shí)的格羅弗磨房鎮(zhèn)成為全球焦點(diǎn)。 一個(gè)13歲的男孩正在做作業(yè)時(shí)聽到了笫一波關(guān)于入侵的新聞快訊。把收音機(jī)拿到樓下媽媽工作的咖啡店后，他和十幾個(gè)顧客聽了廣播，恐懼也與之增強(qiáng)，直到最后那些男人們跳起來宣布他們要拿起槍支加入到保衛(wèi)格羅弗磨房鎮(zhèn)的戰(zhàn)斗中去。 難道奧森·威爾斯是蓄意嚇唬美國人嗎？或者僅僅是一部現(xiàn)實(shí)劇的杰作？不管是哪一種，《世界之戰(zhàn)》在廣播史上占有一席之地。