礦山絞車TP環(huán)面蝸桿減速器的設計【含CAD圖紙】【JSQ系列】

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編號 無錫太湖學院 畢業(yè)設計（論文） 相關資料 題目：礦山絞車TP環(huán)面蝸桿減速器的設計 信機 系 機械工程及自動化專業(yè) 學 號： 　　　 0923047 　　　　 學生姓名： 奚 天 洋 指導教師： 　 范圣耀（職稱：副教授 ） （職稱： ） 2013年5月25日 目 錄 一、畢業(yè)設計（論文）開題報告 二、畢業(yè)設計（論文）外文資料翻譯及原文 三、學生“畢業(yè)論文（論文）計劃、進度、檢查及落實表” 四、實習鑒定表 無錫太湖學院 畢業(yè)設計（論文） 開題報告 題目：礦山絞車TP環(huán)面蝸桿減速器的設計 信機 系 機械工程及自動化 專業(yè) 學 號： 0923047 學生姓名： 奚 天 洋 指導教師： 范圣耀 （職稱：副教授 ） （職稱： ） 2012年11月12日 課題來源 本課題來源于張家港某礦山工程機械有限公司，礦山絞車因操作簡單、繞繩量大、移置方便而廣泛應用。 科學依據（包括課題的科學意義；國內外研究概況、水平和發(fā)展趨勢；應用前景等） （1） 課題科學意義 國內的減速器多以齒輪傳動、蝸桿傳動為主，但普遍存在著功率與重量比小，或者傳動比大而機械效率過低的問題。另外，材料品質和工藝水平上還有許多弱點，特別是大型的減速器問題更突出，使用壽命不長。國外的減速器，以德國、丹麥和日本處于領先地位，特別在材料和制造工藝方面占據優(yōu)勢，減速器工作可靠性好，使用壽命長。但其傳動形式仍以定軸齒輪傳動為主，體積和重量問題，也未解決好。TP環(huán)面蝸桿減速器承載能力大，傳動效率高，使用壽命長，適合于重載動力傳動裝置，本次設計的TP環(huán)面蝸桿減速器就是應用與礦山絞車上，通過本次設計可以進一步提高自身的機械設計的能力，培養(yǎng)嚴謹的工作作風，為以后的工作打下堅實的基礎。 （2）減速器的研究狀況及其發(fā)展前景 減速器在我國的發(fā)展已有40年的歷史，廣泛應用與國民經濟及國防工業(yè)的各個領域。主要行業(yè)有：電力機械、冶金機械、環(huán)保機械、電子電器、筑路機械、化工機械、食品機械、輕工機械、礦山機械、輸送機械、建筑機械、建材機械、水泥機械、橡膠機械、水利機械、石油機械等，這些行業(yè)使用機械產品的數量已占全國各行業(yè)使用減速器總機的60％~70％。減速器在原動機與工作機之間起匹配轉速和傳遞轉矩的作用，在現(xiàn)代機械中應用極為廣泛。減速器具有的普遍優(yōu)勢有：高水平、高性能、積木式組合設計、形式多樣化、變型設計多等特點。 國內的礦山減速器多以齒輪傳動、蝸桿傳動為主，但普遍存在著功率與重量比小，或者傳動比大而機械效率過低的問題。另外，材料品種和工藝水平有很多弱點。由于在傳動的理論上、工藝水平和材料品種方面沒有突破，因此沒能從根本上解決傳遞功率大、傳動比大、體積小、質量輕、機械效率高等這些要求。 現(xiàn)在世界礦山卷揚機的應用依然十分看重，在不斷的發(fā)展和完善設計，都在追求高效的提升設備，以便最大效率的完成生產任務創(chuàng)造更大的生產價值，為此，世界卷揚機的發(fā)展和設計業(yè)是進一步研究提升設備的基礎理論，確定合理的提升方式及運轉參數，改造現(xiàn)有提升設備，采用最新技術、最新工藝、使其不斷體積小、質量輕，提升能力大，運行準確可靠和高度集中化自動化方向發(fā)展。 研究內容 ① 分析設計要求，通過查詢資料確定減速器的類型； ② 電動機的選擇與計算； ③ 通過比對，選定設計方案； ④ 傳動裝置的傳動比及動力參數的計算； ⑤ 減速器零部件的選擇與計算，包括：蝸桿傳動設計、軸結構設計、軸承的選擇與校核、鍵連接件的選擇與校核、箱體結構尺寸說明、減速器的潤滑與密封； ⑥ 畫出減速器的零件圖與總裝配圖，撰寫畢業(yè)設計說明書，制作PPT，準備畢業(yè)設計相關資料，準備畢業(yè)答辯。 擬采取的研究方法、技術路線、實驗方案及可行性分析 （1） 實驗方案 根據要求設計單級蝸桿減速器，傳遞路線為：電動機—聯(lián)軸器—減速器—聯(lián)軸器—滾筒。該蝸桿減速器采用蝸桿下置式，采用此布置結構，由于蝸桿在蝸輪的下邊，嚙合處的冷卻和潤滑均較好。蝸桿及蝸輪軸均采用圓錐滾子軸承，承受徑向載荷和軸向載荷的復合作用，該減速器的結構包括電動機、蝸輪蝸桿傳動裝置、蝸輪軸、箱體、滾動軸承、檢查孔與定位銷等附件以及其他標準件等。 （2）研究方法 ① 查閱相關書籍，理論與實際相結合，充分利用自身條件進行畢業(yè)設計。 ② 和導師保持密切聯(lián)系，設計過程中有不懂的問題必須不斷去學會如何解決，認真虛心的向導師請求指導，不斷改進設計中的不足，完成本次設計任務。 研究計劃及預期成果 研究計劃： 2012.11.12~2012.12.2 教師下達初步閱讀資料，完成畢業(yè)設計開題報告。 2012.12.3~2013.1.20 指導專業(yè)實訓。 2013.1.21~2013.3.1 指導畢業(yè)實習。 2013.3.4-8~2013.5.25 每周完成相應內容和改進問題、方法，完成畢業(yè)設計及相關資料，準備畢業(yè)答辯。 預期成果： 結合理論與實際生產，設計出成本低、傳動效率高、體積小、傳動比誤差小、使用壽命長的礦山絞車TP環(huán)面蝸桿減速器。在實際運用中工作正常，傳動時不會產生跳動的情況，能承受一定載荷，減速器潤滑和密封良好，繪制出合格的圖紙，完成畢業(yè)設計。 特色或創(chuàng)新之處 ① 蝸輪蝸桿在選材上更為合理，傳動誤差較小，具有良好的潤滑、冷卻系統(tǒng)，使用壽命也更長，能夠滿足實際生產和設計要求。 ② 利用計算機輔助設計，對數據的計算和參考，對產品的模擬運行于仿真。 已具備的條件和尚需解決的問題 ① 實驗方案思路已經非常明確，已經具備設計礦山絞車TP環(huán)面蝸桿減速器的能力。 ② 由于缺乏經驗，中間會存在許多設計不合理的地方，針對此點我會主動和指導老師聯(lián)系，爭取優(yōu)質優(yōu)良的完成設計任務。 指導教師意見 指導教師簽名： 年 月 日 教研室（學科組、研究所）意見 教研室主任簽名： 年 月 日 系意見 主管領導簽名： 年 月 日 英文原文 Totally drives-the widest range of servomotors Balance between force and motion - the right motor for every application The demands placed on drive technology reflect the rapid pace of innovation in the technological arena. More compact motors with higher dynamic performance are being increasingly demanded - in a broad range of outputs and versions. The demands placed on drive technology reflect the rapid pace of innovation in the technological arena. More compact motors with higher dynamic performance are being increasingly demanded - in a broad range of outputs and versions. We address this trend with an extremely wide range of servomotors allowing you to select the optimum motor for every drive application. Whether synchronous or asynchronous servomotors or highly innovative linear and torque motors. Drive force and motion dynamics are balanced to obtain a level of performance which you have come to expect from Siemens. Long service life and high efficiency as standard for low life cycle costs The high degree of protection, rugged bearing design and vibration-free construction make these servomotors the ideal solution when conditions get tough. Integrated KTY84 temperature sensors additionally protect the DURIGNIT-IR-2000 winding insulation. The Siemens permanent-magnet synchronous motors utilize the latest magnet technology and have the highest efficiency compared to conventional three-phase motors. The permanent-magnet excitation means that these variable-speed servomotors have no excitation losses. This translates into extremely high efficiencies with the lowest energy consumption. The result: your operating costs are drastically reduced! Fit for all tasks: Motor outputs from 0.2 to 630 kW Siemens servomotors always provide the optimum motor over a wide range of outputs - no matter what your requirements are - high stall torques or high rated outputs, high maximum speeds or dynamic response, air or water cooling, linear or rotary motion. The lowest output range starts at 0.2 kW and is essentially dominated by the compact synchronous servomotor with a high dynamic response. These servomotors are available in a wide range of versions - including explosion-proof designs - and with a full line of accessories. Our compact asynchronous servomotors, which have a similar design, complement the synchronous motors for applications in the higher output range up to 630 kW. High outputs can be achieved thanks to the open-circuit, air-cooled version (IP23). We also have a full range of linear and torque motors for direct drive applications. These motors distinguish themselves as a result of the extremely high dynamic response and precision. Efficiency through direct contact partners Siemens offers the most comprehensive range of motors - ensuring a high degree of flexibility for the widest range of drive applications. This means that you can always find the optimum motor and beyond this, you always have the same competent partner in every phase of your project - from the initial concept through integration up to commissioning. Exclusive: Only we offer motors, drive converters and accessories for all categories Thanks to the flexible, modular system which can be simply adapted to your application, you can combine our servomotor components to create an individual drive solution for the widest range of requirements. Our servomotors have a high price-performance ratio - and they are extremely versatile. In order that you always have the power you require at your demand, the servomotors can be safely and reliably connected to our SIMOVERT MASTERDRIVES Vector Control, Motion Control and SIMODRIVE converters using the new MOTION-CONNECT system. This is an innovative connection system which offers you preassembled power and signal cables for every type of application and saves time and money thanks to the simple installation. Support and service - worldwide Siemens has one of the most closely meshed and fastest service networks to support our drive systems. Whether it involves engineering drives and integrating systems, after-sales service or training - our experienced service personnel are at your service worldwide. Servomotors for a wide range of applications: · Plastic machines · Paper machines · Printing machines · Textile machines · Woodworking, glass, ceramics and stone finishing machines · Packaging machines · Presses · Wire-drawing machines · Cable stranding machines · Machine tools · Robots and handling equipment · Logistics-transport systems · High-bay racking systems · Crane and hoisting equipment · Test stands · Special-purpose machines Premium synchronous motors -zhigh dynamic performance and extremely compact which involve complex motion tasks such as position and speed control. Today, there is a new servo standard which sets a clear benchmark - leading-edge 1FK7 motors. Significantly enhanced dynamic response, compactness and system integration allow every application to be quickly addressed - but the motors will still be fit for future market demands. 1FT6 and 1FS6 motors roundoff our range of synchronous servomotors for specific industry sector solutions and high-end applications. These motors show their strengths when operating under extreme conditions, e.g. in hazardous zones. 1FK7 HD (High Dynamic): An obvious winner when accelerating Dynamic performance in your process means increased production. In this case, drive acceleration is the name of the game. Our 1FK7 HD servomotors offer you the necessary performance for these types of applications. In conjunction with the high stall torque, they have a truly high accelerating capacity and an extremely low intrinsic moment of inertia. Even the optional holding brake has a low moment of inertia. As a result of these features, extreme load duty cycles, fast positioning and stopping can be achieved in the shortest time. 1FK7 CT (Compact): The universal motor for every application Only the most compact drive has a chance where space is tight. 1FK7 CT servomotors, with their flexible and modular design, are, thanks to their small envelope dimensions, one of the most compact of their class. As a result of the high power density and the square design, they can fit into the tightest space in any machine to provide maximum drive power. Our smallest version, for instance with frame size 28, packs a torque of 0.85 Nm and is only 55 mm long. 1FT6: Flexible, even at high outputs Extreme applications or outputs up to 90 kW place high demands on our synchronous motors. Demands, which we can completely fulfill with our 1FT6 motor series. In many highend applications, these servomotors represent the optimum solution, whether in the standard nonventilated version with degree of protection up to IP68 or in separately cooled or water-cooled versions for the highest power densities. The wide range of accessories and options guarantees a high degree of flexibility when they have to be integrated into a complete system. 1FS6: Flameproof with type of protection EEx de IIC T3 Hazardous zones, for example, in the printing industry and in painting systems, demand motors with special protection. In addition to having to fulfill all of the relevant standards and specifications, they must also have a high dynamic response and be extremely compact. We specifically developed our 1FS6 servomotors for these requirements and these motors can be safely used in hazardous Zone 1. A wide spectrum of encoder systems guarantees the demanded drive accuracy. This means that almost all basic up to medium motion control tasks can be tackled using the well-proven resolver systems. For even higher requirements, you can select from high-precision sin/cos encoders and absolute-value encoders which are ideal for positioning tasks. Alternatively, you can order the motor with holding brake or mounted gearbox. And when it comes to the paint finish, we can also take into account our customer's requirements. Here, versions with helical, bevel, offset or worm gearboxes are available. We recommend that planetary gearboxes be used for more sophisticated positioning applications. Asynchronous and encoderless -high performance at a low price When it comes to asynchronous servomotors, the emphasis is on cost-effectiveness and a high output. They have a favorable price, low operating costs and can be used with or without encoder. The 1PH7 and 1PL6 motors have a revolutionary design without housing. In this case, the stator is also the motor enclosure - which makes the motor compact and light. The motor cooling, integrated in the stator, saves space and cools precisely where the heat is generated. Thanks to the expanded range of frame sizes up to size 280, our servomotors are now available up to 630 kW. 1PH7: The compact high performer at a favorable price If the size and technical features of standard motors are not adequate for certain industry sector applications, then our stator-cooled 1PH7 asynchronous servomotors with degree of protection IP55 can be used to provide the optimum drive solution. Up to frame size 225, the 1PH motors are equipped with rugged, permanently lubricated bearings - even for increased cantilever forces for belt and pinion drives as well as the highest speeds, as are often required for test stands. In the medium output range, the motors have an external contour which makes them very easy to install. This is achieved using the terminal box which is integrated in the separately-driven fan assembly. For higher outputs, a traditional solution is used with a mounted, compact terminal box. For applications ranging from very basic ones to average complexity, these motors, in conjunction with the SIMOVERT MASTERDRIVES Vector Control System, can also be controlled without using an encoder. Various encoder systems are available for higher requirements, just the same as for the synchronous servomotors and for all drive converter systems. The new frame size 280 can be easily integrated into any machine configuration as a result of the versatile cooling and terminal box concept. The motors are either cooled using a radially- mounted cooling unit or through a cooling duct connected to the bearing endshield. The terminal box position can be freely selected depending on the cooling type. 1PL6: The BIG one for machines with the highest power density If you prefer a compact three-phase drive over DC solutions or if the ambient conditions allow the use of open motors, then our 1PL6 motors cannot be beaten when it comes to costeffectiveness and output. 1PL6 servomotors, available in frame sizes 180 to 280, are open-circuit entilated asynchronous motors with stator and rotor cooling. This motor cooling means that outputs are available up to 630 kW. 1PL6 motors are in full compliance with IEC 60034-5 with degree of protection IP23. 1PH4: Rugged water-cooled motors for special industry sectors Our 1PH4 water-cooled servomotors are the optimum solution for extreme ambient conditions, such as high temperature, dust, dirt or aggressive atmosphere here air cooling cannot be used but suitable cooling water is available. These motors have water intake and discharge connections at the non-drive end instead of a fan unit which means that they can develop their full Linear,rotary ,innovative -cool solutions for direct drives Innovation and loss-free force transfer distinguish the direct linear and rotary drives from Siemens: The linear motor for straight-line motion and the torque motor for rotary motion. Both of these series guarantee the highest dynamic response and precision no matter what the application. What makes our direct drives so special: On one hand, the current is directly transformed into motion without any significant power loss and detour through the mechanical system. On the other hand, the integrated water cooling neutralizes the motor temperature increase therefore always guaranteeing cool drive solutions. Motors for innovative designs: Tailored drive concepts When it comes to innovation, our motors are always leading-edge. In this case, it is not a question as to whether DC or three-phase drive, but what is the fundamental drive concept which is both cost-effective and technically fits the particular production process. In addition to the high efficiency and drive quality, it is especially important that the drive can be easily integrated into your machine. This is because it is far simpler to directly apply the force where it is needed without having to use mechanical transmission elements such as gears, belts or rack and pinion. In this case, direct drives from Siemens offer a tailored solution precisely aligned to requirements in the field. These motors simplify the mechanical design of your machine, reduces its life cycle costs by providing a higher availability and lowers the operating costs. 1FN3 and FN4 linear motors: The universal power packs For linear motors, the force is transferred without contact similar to the principle of a magnetic levitationtrain. The driving force is generated by a traveling electromagnetic field in the primary section which moves with respect to the magnetic secondary section. The primary section, located on linear guides, can then move with a high velocity and with absolute track precision. This results in a simple linear force transfer which allows you to create new solutions for innovative machine concepts. Siemens linear motors can be simply selected from a modular system which means that the characteristics and features can be more precisely tailored to your particular drive application. Two motor versions ensure this: 1FN3 linear motors for extreme load duty cycles and short rise times. This is guaranteed as a result of the high ratio between the peak and continuous load and 1FN4 linear motors with their typical low power losses in continuous operation with cyclic load changes. 1FW6 and 1FW3 torque motors: Precision rotary motion for production machines Torque motors, similar to linear motors, are direct drives based on synchronous drive technology. Torque motors have been optimized for high torques at low rated speeds. 1FW6 motors are modular motors which are mainly used as direct drives for rotary tables or swiveling axes of processing machines. With 1FW3 motors, you have a complete range of torque motors which are ready to be installed. Thanks to their compact design, these motors represent the ideal solutions for machinery construction, such as injection molding and special-purpose machines. Both series are water-cooled and are available in different sizes and lengths. 中文譯文 完全地驅動-范圍最廣的伺服電機 力與運動之間的平衡 適合所有應用的電機 對驅動技術的需求反映為該技術領域的快速革新步伐。新的、對具有更高動態(tài)特性的緊湊型電機的需求(-更寬的功率輸出范圍和更多的樣式)不斷增加。我們的伺服電機系列符合了這種趨勢，使您可以為每一個驅動應用提供最適合的電機。無論是同步電機還是異步電機或是更具創(chuàng)新性的直線電機和扭矩電機，帶給您的將是驅動力和動態(tài)特性的平衡所獲得的性能水平。 適合于所有任務 - 電機輸出功率從0.2kW到630kW 無論提出何種要求，西門子總能為用戶提供最適宜的電機。低輸出功率范圍下限為0.2kW，這是具有高動態(tài)響應特性的緊湊型同步伺服電機所覆蓋的范圍。這些電機有多種樣式，包括防爆設計等一系列的附件。我們的緊湊型異步伺服電機具有同樣的設計，作為同步電機的補充應用在較高的輸出功率范圍，最高到630kW。 服務時間長和高效率是低運行成本的標準 · 高等級的防護、耐用的軸承設計和抗振動的結構。 伺服電機即使在惡劣環(huán)境下的依然是理想的解決方案。內部集成的KTY84溫度傳感器可以額外保護DURINGIT-IR-2000絕緣繞組。西門子的永磁同步電機利用了最新的磁體技術，因而比傳統(tǒng)的三相電機具有更高的效率。永磁激勵意味著可調速伺服電機沒有勵磁損耗。 · 效率來源于直接聯(lián)系的合作者 西門子提供完整的電機系列，可確保在各種驅動應用中的靈活使用。為您提供從想法到集成直至調試的各個階段的服務。 我們可為各種應用提供電機、變頻器和附件 靈活的模塊化的系統(tǒng)，可很容易地滿足您的應用，組合我們的伺服電機部件，您就可以找到一個獨一無二的滿足各種要求的驅動解決方案。為了能提供所需要的功率，伺服電機通過新型的MOTION-CONNECT連接系統(tǒng)可安全可靠地與我們的SIMOVERT MASTERDRIVES矢量(VC)變頻器、運動(MC)變頻器和SIMODRIVE變頻器相連。使用這種制作好的功率和信號電纜可為您節(jié)約時間和成本。 西門子具有最密集的和最快捷的服務網絡，為我們的驅動系統(tǒng)提供技術支持。無論它是工程驅動，系統(tǒng)集成，售后服務還是培訓，我們遍及全球的有經驗的服務人員都可隨時為您服務。 伺服電機可以廣泛的應用于： · 塑料機械 · 造紙機械 · 印刷機械 · 紡織機械 · 木制品、玻璃、陶制品 和石材加工機械 · 包裝機械 · 壓力機械 · 拉絲機械 · 電纜纏繞機械 · 機床 · 機器人和操作設備 · 倉儲運輸系統(tǒng) · 高架系統(tǒng) · 起重和提升設備 · 測試平臺 · 專用機械設備 優(yōu)質的同步電機-高動態(tài)性能和非常緊湊 如今，我們的同步伺服電機在包括如定位和速度控制等復雜運動任務方面具有優(yōu)勢。今天，一種新型伺服標準建立了一個明確的基準-前沿的1FK7電機。顯著提高的動態(tài)響應、緊湊性和系統(tǒng)集成度使得每個應用得以快速的處理，同時該電機能滿足未來市場的需求。1FT6和1FS6電機完善了我們的同步伺服電機系列，為特殊工業(yè)領域和高端應用提供了解決方案。這些電機在特殊的情況下，比如在危險區(qū)將顯示出它們的長處。 1FK7 HD(高動態(tài)特性) - 加速時的贏家 我們的1FK7 HD伺服電機為您提供了適合于各種應用必要的性能。與高失速扭矩性能配合，它們就具有了相當高的加速能力和較低的固有轉動慣量。甚至可選的制動器也具有較低的轉動慣量。正是由于這些特點，我們可以在很短的時間內實現(xiàn)極端工作負載循環(huán)、快速定位和啟停。 1FK7 CT(緊湊) - 適合各種應用的通用電機 1FK7 CT伺服電機具有靈活的和模塊化的設計，由于它們具有較小的封裝尺寸，因此1FK7 CT是同類產品中結構最緊湊的一個。作為高功率密度和方形設計的結果，它們可以安裝到任何機床中最緊湊的位置，以取得最大的驅動功率。例如，我們最小樣式的結構尺寸為28，扭矩達到0.85Nm，而長僅為55mm。 1FT6 - 靈活，甚至需要大功率輸出時 特殊應用場合或者輸出功率高達78kW的情況下，對同步電機有著很高的要求。這些要求完全可以通過使用我們的1FT6電機系列來滿足。在許多高端應用中，無論是在具有高達IP68的保護等級的標準自然風冷方案，還是在為最高功率密度采用的獨立風冷或水冷方案中，這些伺服電機代表著最適宜的解決方案。當它們集成進一個完整的系統(tǒng)時，各種附件和選項保證了高度的靈活性。 1FS6 - 防火性能，具有EEx de IIC T3防護等級 危險工作場合，如在印刷工業(yè)和噴涂系統(tǒng)中，要求電機具有特殊的保護措施。除了必須具有所有相關標準功能和規(guī)范外，它們還須具有高動態(tài)響應和特別緊湊的結構。為了滿足這些要求，我們特意研制開發(fā)了1FS6伺服電機，這種電機能夠在I類危險工作場合安全地使用。 寬頻譜的編碼系統(tǒng)保障了所需的驅動精度。這意味著幾乎所有初級到中級運動控制任務都可以使用經過檢驗的旋轉變壓器。 為了滿足更高的要求，您可以選擇高精度sin/cos編碼器或絕對值編碼器，它們都適合用于定位任務。為簡單地將電機集成到您的系統(tǒng)中，您可以選擇在軸終端是否帶有鍵槽。除此之外，您可以定購帶有制動器或