2019-2020年高考英語考點突破 專題二 名詞（含解析）.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語考點突破 專題二 名詞（含解析） 名詞詞義辨析 1.As the world’s population continues to grow,the 　　　 of food bees more and more of a concern.(xx浙江,4) A.worth B.supply C.package D.list 2.Poetry written from the 　　　 of the urban youth tends to reveal their anxiety over a lack of sense of belonging.(xx湖北,21) A.perspective B.priority C.participation D.privilege 3.Carbon dioxide,which makes a 　　　 between us and the sun,prevents heat from getting out of the atmosphere easily,so the earth is being warmer.(xx湖北,22) A.difference Bparison C.connection D.barrier 4.Whenever I made mistakes,the teacher pointed them out with 　　　.(xx江西,22) A.curiosity B.satisfaction C.envy D.patience 5.While she was in Paris,she developed a 　　　 for fine art.(xx天津,7) A.way B.relation C.taste D.habit 6.The accident caused some 　　　 to my car,but it’s nothing serious.(xx遼寧,23) A.harm B.injury C.ruin D.damage 7.Your 　　　 as a student will be excellent if you develop a habit of reflecting on how you learn.(xx浙江,7) A.operation B.growth C.performance D.character 8.My first 　　　 of him was that he was a kind and thoughtful young man.(xx山東,24) A.expression B.attention C.satisfaction D.impression 9.—Why do you choose to work in an international travel agency? —Well,you know,English is my 　　　.So it is my best choice.(xx福建,25) A.strength B.talent C.ability D.skill 10.You’d better write down the phone number of that restaurant for future 　　　.(xx江西,29) A.purpose B.reference C.progress D.memory 11. The officer insisted that Michael did not follow the correct 　　　 in applying for a visa.(xx湖北,30) A.pattern B.procedure C.program D.perspective 12.The Harry Potter books are quite popular;they are in great 　　　 in this city.(xx全國Ⅱ,19) A.quantity B.progress C.production D.demand 13.There’s a 　　　 in our office that when it’s somebody’s birthday,they bring in a cake for us all to share.(2011山東,34) A.tradition B.balance C.concern D.relationship 14.The lack of eco-friendly habits among the public is thought to be a major 　　　 of global climate change.(2011福建,26) A.result B.cause C.warning D.reflection 15.Anyway,I can’t cheat him — it’s against all my 　　　.(2011浙江,18) A.emotions B.principles C.regulations D.opinions 16.The school advisers help you talk through your problems but they don’t give you any direct 　　　.(xx浙江,16) A.solution B.target C.measure D.function 17.This restaurant has bee popular for its wide 　　　 of foods that suit all tastes and pockets.(xx湖北,21) A.division B.area C.range D.circle 18.The World Health Organization gave a warning to the public without any 　　　 when the virus of H1N1 hit Mexico in April,xx.(xx福建,29) A.delay B.effort C.schedule D.consideration 名詞的固定搭配 1.With inspiration from other food cultures,American food culture can take a 　　　 for the better.(xx江蘇,33) A.share B.chance C.turn D.lead 2.You are working too hard.You’d better keep a 　　　 between work and relaxation.(xx天津,3) A.promise B.lead C.balance D.diary 3.Always remember to put such dangerous things as knives out of children’s 　　　.(2011四川,13) A.touch B.sight C.reach D.distance 4.James took the magazines off the little table to make 　　　 for the television.(xx天津,3) A.room B.area C.field D.position 5.Last year the number of students who graduated with a driving licence reached 200,000,a(n) 　　　 of 40,000 per year.(xx江西,35) A.average B.number C.amount D.quantity 6.The system has been designed to give students quick and easy 　　　 to the digital resources of the library.(xx浙江,6) A.access B.passage C.way D.approach 名詞詞義辨析 1.There are times when a play became highly successful, even though most of the critics panned(抨擊)it without 　　　.(xx安徽江南十校高考模擬) A.mercy B.intention C.regret D.hesitation 2.When trying to find a(n) 　　　 in our school,you should have at least one year’s teaching experience.(xx安徽江南十校高三聯(lián)考) A.location B.position C.occupation D.profession 3.It is important to have your eyes examined regularly to check for any sign of eye diseases that may not have any 　　　.(xx江蘇泗陽中學(xué)高三第一次模擬) A.symptom B.similarity C.sample D.shadow 4.Currently,many American women are still faced with the 　　　 of choosing between work and family mitments.(xx合肥高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測) A.desperation B.confusion C.dilemma D.concern 5.Working hard is not possibly a 　　　 of great success,but it is one of the essential requirements.(xx山東實驗中學(xué)第三次診斷性考試) A.mark B.sign C.signal D.guarantee 6.The police say there is a $50,000 　　　 for any information that helps them find the killer.(xx浙江奉化高級中學(xué)高三上期中) A.ine B.fee C.bill D.reward 7.The fact that she told a lie had a great influence on her 　　　.(xx浙江十校聯(lián)合體高三聯(lián)考) A.ambition B.status C.reputation D.assessment 8.The government needs to 　　　 the interests of different groups of people to avoid conflicts and see to it that people live safe and happy lives.(xx湖北重點中學(xué)聯(lián)考) A.seek B.balance C.identify Dbine 9.I have to reschedule the appointment with you since there is a 　　　 in my arrangement.(xx天津十二區(qū)縣聯(lián)考) A.contract B.contrast C.connection D.conflict 10.Almost every country celebrating a special 　　　 will set off fireworks.(2011浙江溫州第一次適應(yīng)性測試) A.situation B.state C.condition D.occasion 名詞的固定搭配 1.One thousand dollars a month is not a fortune to most people, but it will help cover my living 　　　.(xx浙江寧波高三第一學(xué)期期末考試) A.bills B.expenses C.prices D.charges 2.The lawyer advised Tom to drop the 　　　 since he had little chance to win.(xx陜西西安高新一中等五校高三第一次聯(lián)考) A.affair B.case C.incident D.event 3.If you’re around people plaining others, 　　　are that you will start to plain as well.(xx浙江海寧高三2月測試) A.reasons B.attempts C.chances D.messages 4.I bought a dress for only 10 dollars in a sale; it was a real 　　　.(xx安徽合肥八中高三“一模”適應(yīng)性考試) A.exchange B.bargain C.trade D.business 5.I have no 　　　 that you will succeed, but I wonder whether you have really got everything ready.(xx山東師大附中高三12月模擬) A.doubt B.wonder C.chance D.point 6.—Do you think you will be able to see the game clearly? —Don’t worry.There’s a good 　　　 of the players from all of the seats.(xx浙江溫州中學(xué)高三上期中) A.scene B.view C.angle D.image 7.—Everybody knows smoking is harmful to health,but still so many people smoke. —Exactly!So our country is planning to start a 　　　 against smoking.(xx東北三校第一次聯(lián)考) A.war B.campaign C.motion D.struggle 8.Lack of 　　　 of culture difference to local customs can cause problems.(xx山東青島一模) A.existence B.revolution C.awareness D.evidence 9.Two of my friends are having their weddings on the same day,and I’m in a real 　　　 about which one to go to.(xx浙江調(diào)研測試) A.situation B.choice C.trick D.dilemma 10.I have been told that the new law will e into 　　　 on January 1st next year.(2011安徽皖南八校第二次質(zhì)檢) A.effect B.use C.service D.existence 1.You may demand an immediate　　　 if the pany fails to supply the product in time.(xx杭州第一次高考科目教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測) A.refund B.justice C.guarantee D.cooperation 2.As the quality of the city’s air continues to give rise to 　　　, the residents are encouraged to set off fewer fireworks. (xx浙江六校聯(lián)考) A.descriptions Bpromise C.concerns D.emergency 3.“The Brief History of Time” is regarded as the physics students’　　　.(xx杭州二中高三第二次月考) A.album B.bible C.journal D.record 4.If we keep wasting so much energy,　　　 are that our oil wells will dry up and the environment will be destroyed.(xx浙江奉化江口中學(xué)高三11月月考) A.problems B.difficulties C.questions D.chances 5.To be honest,the role Jack plays in this film doesn’t e up to my 　　　,though he is one of my favorite actors.(xx浙江模擬沖刺強化卷) A.excuses B.explanations C.experiences D.expectations 6.The drilling in Antarctic dragged on slowly because of lack of money, equipment breakdowns, environmental 　　　 and severe cold.(xx江蘇揚州中學(xué)高三3月月考) A.concerns B.assumption C.occupation D.ignorance 7.Tickets for the most popular 　　　, such as 100 m race and 4100m relay race, were sold out in just a few hours.(xx遼寧東北育才雙語學(xué)校高三第三次模擬) A.events B.incidents C.affairs D.accidents 8.He knows so much about Russia that he’s universally acknowledged as a(n) 　　　 on Russian affairs.(xx河北衡水中學(xué)高三第三次模擬考試) A.authority B.routine C.privilege D.boundary 9.For most people, getting on in life, winning 　　　, saving a bit, going on a better holiday, buying a car, purchasing a home, giving the children a better start all these are natural aims.(xx湖北武漢高三2月調(diào)研測試) A.promotion B.victory C.sympathy D.reputation 10.Finding information in today’s world is easy.The 　　　is how you can tell if the information you get is useful or not.(xx安徽蚌埠高三第一次教學(xué)質(zhì)量檢測) A.knowledge B.ability Cpetition D.challenge 11.Being able to speak another language fluently could be a great 　　　when you are looking for a job. (xx安徽泗縣二中高三第一次模擬考試) A.advantage B.chance C.help D.importance 12.After the earthquake, the first thing the local government did was to provide 　　　 for the homeless families.(xx山西大同高三學(xué)情調(diào)研測試) A.occupation B.furniture C.equipment D.acmodation 13.Accent, tone, 　　　 and vocabulary can affect the ability of a language learner to understand or to be understood.(xx湖北武漢高三2月調(diào)研) A.whistle B.translation C.fluency D.experience 14.—What a boy! He could speak five languages at the age of ten. —He must have a 　　　 for language.(xx山東實驗中學(xué)高三第一次診斷性測試) A.present B.try C.sense D.gift 15.Mo Yan’s winning the xx Nobel Prize for Literature shows the world’s 　　　 of contemporary Chinese Literature.(xx甘肅河西五市部分普通高中高三一聯(lián)) A.impression B.distinction C.recognition D.indication 16.—Does that make any　　　? —Yes, it matters a great deal. (xx浙江重點中學(xué)協(xié)作體4月調(diào)研) A.money B.sense C.difference D.trouble 17.—I really admire the people full of 　　　.I’m always tired. —You’d better take more exercise.(xx鄭州第一次質(zhì)量預(yù)測) A.power B.strength C.force D.energy 18.Have you heard the traffic 　　　 that happened in Yatai Street last week?(xx長春第一次調(diào)研) A.accident B.affair C.incident D.event 19.Over two thirds of the population were believed to have no 　　　 to the health care in the west rural area in China.(2011浙江杭州西湖中學(xué)檢測) A.aid B.basis C.belief D.access 20.A teacher’s 　　　 to education is worth great respect of the whole society because it brings benefits to the development of society.(2011北京石景山高三統(tǒng)一測試) A.devotion B.principle C.identity D.guidance 專題二　名　詞 五年真題精華 考點一:名詞詞義辨析 1.B　本題考查名詞詞義辨析。題干的意思是:“隨著世界人口的持續(xù)增長,糧食供應(yīng)越來越令人擔(dān)憂?！眞orth價值;supply供應(yīng);package包裹;list清單。根據(jù)句意應(yīng)該選擇B項。 2.A　考查名詞辨析。句意:以都市年輕人的視角寫的詩歌往往顯示出他們因為缺少歸屬感而產(chǎn)生的焦慮。perspective視角,觀點;priority優(yōu)先(權(quán)),優(yōu)先考慮的事;participation參加,參與;privilege 特權(quán),優(yōu)惠。根據(jù)句意可知A項正確。 3.D　考查名詞辨析。句意:二氧化碳是我們和太陽之間的一道屏障,它使大氣里的熱量不容易釋放出去,于是地球?qū)兊酶ifference 分歧,區(qū)別;parison比較;connection聯(lián)系;barrier障礙,屏障,根據(jù)句意可知,選D項。 4.D　考查名詞辨析。句意:無論什么時候我犯了錯誤,老師總是耐心地把它們指出來。patience“耐心”,符合句意。curiosity“好奇心”;satisfaction“滿意,滿足”;envy“忌妒”。 5.C　考查名詞辨析。句意:她在巴黎期間,培養(yǎng)了對藝術(shù)的興趣。way“道路,方法”;relation“關(guān)系,聯(lián)系”;taste“愛好,志趣”;habit“習(xí)慣,習(xí)性”。develop a taste for...“培養(yǎng)對……的興趣”。故選C項。 6.D　考查名詞詞義辨析。根據(jù)后面的it’s nothing serious可知,造成的破壞不嚴(yán)重,所以不能用ruin毀滅,廢墟。damage意為“破壞,損壞”,意思是說程度不是很嚴(yán)重,往往修理之后仍然可以使用。harm意為“傷害,損害”,injury意為“傷害”。 7.C　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:假如你養(yǎng)成善于反思自己所學(xué)的習(xí)慣,作為一名學(xué)生,你的表現(xiàn)是相當(dāng)出色的。operation“手術(shù);操作”;growth“生長”;performance“表演;表現(xiàn)”;character“性格”“人物”。故選C。 8.D　句意:我對他的第一印象是他是一個溫和、體貼的年輕人。expression表情;attention注意,留心;satisfaction滿意;impression印象,由句意可知D項正確。 9.A　strength在此句中并非“人的力氣”,而是指“一個人的優(yōu)勢,長處”。talent天賦,才華;ability能力;skill技巧。 10.B　考查名詞的辨析。句意:你最好記下那個飯館的電話號碼以便將來的查詢。purpose目的;reference查詢;progress進步;memory記憶。由句意可知,B項正確。 11.B　考查名詞辨析。句意:那位官員堅持說邁克爾沒有遵循正確的程序申請簽證。pattern模式;procedure步驟,程序;program項目;perspective看法。只有B項符合句意。 12.D　考查名詞辨析。句意:《哈利波特》相當(dāng)受歡迎,這座城市需求量很大。quantity“數(shù)量”;progress“進展;進步”;production“生產(chǎn)”;demand“要求;需求”。 13.A　考查名詞辨析。句意:在我們辦公室有一個傳統(tǒng),當(dāng)某個人過生日的時候,那個人就會帶一個蛋糕來與大家分享。tradition傳統(tǒng),balance平衡,concern關(guān)注,relationship關(guān)系。過生日與大家分享蛋糕是辦公室形成的傳統(tǒng)或習(xí)慣做法,故用tradition,其他三項均不合題意。 14.B　cause表事情的起因,句意:公眾環(huán)保習(xí)慣的缺乏被認(rèn)為是全球氣候變化的主要原因。 15.B　句意:無論如何我都不能欺騙他——這違背我做人的原則。principle常用復(fù)數(shù)形式,意為“(行為)準(zhǔn)則,規(guī)范”,符合句意。emotion情感;regulation規(guī)章;opinion意見,主張。 16.A　句意:校方顧問幫助你徹底說清楚你的問題,但是他們沒有給你任何直接的解決方案。solution“解決問題的方法/方案”,符合句意;target“目標(biāo)”;measure“措施”;function“功能”。 17.C　考查名詞辨析。句意:這家飯店很受歡迎,因為它提供各種食物,能滿足各種口味和各種消費層次。range意為“(變動或浮動的)范圍”,符合句意。division“分開,分割”;area“地區(qū),區(qū)域”;circle“圓形,圈子,界”。 18.A　delay耽擱, 延誤;effort努力;schedule時間表;consideration考慮, 體諒;關(guān)心。句意:當(dāng)H1N1型流感xx年4月襲擊墨西哥時, 世界衛(wèi)生組織毫不遲疑地向人們提出了警告。選A。 考點二:名詞的固定搭配 1.C　本題考查名詞的固定搭配。take a share分擔(dān)……,為……出力;take a chance冒險;take a turn轉(zhuǎn)彎,轉(zhuǎn);(情況、形勢等)轉(zhuǎn)變;take a lead領(lǐng)先,帶頭。根據(jù)本句關(guān)鍵信息for the better可知講的是有所好轉(zhuǎn),變得更好。句意:有了源于其他食品文化的靈感,美國飲食文化可以變得更好。故C項為正確選項。 2.C　“keep a balance between A and B”意為“在A與B之間找到平衡點”。 3.C　考查名詞的固定搭配。句意:千萬記住要把像刀子這樣的危險物品放在孩子們夠不到的地方。由句意可知選C項。 4.A　考查名詞的固定搭配。句意:James把小桌上的雜志弄走為電視機騰空間。make room for為固定搭配,意為“為……騰出空間”。 5.A　考查名詞搭配辨析。an average of...“……的平均數(shù)”,常跟數(shù)詞;a number of“大量的,很多的”,后跟復(fù)數(shù)可數(shù)名詞;an amount of“大量的”,后面常跟不可數(shù)名詞;a quantity of“大量的”,后面既可跟可數(shù)名詞復(fù)數(shù)也可跟不可數(shù)名詞。句意:去年,畢業(yè)學(xué)生拿到駕照的數(shù)量達(dá)到了200 000人,平均每年40 000人。故答案選A。 6.A　句意:設(shè)計這個系統(tǒng)的目的是能夠讓學(xué)生便捷、容易地搜索到圖書館的數(shù)字資源。這里give...access to...是固定詞組, 表示“能得到, 能進入”, 所以選A。 三年模擬實戰(zhàn) 考點演練 考點一:名詞詞義辨析 1.A　句意:盡管多數(shù)評論家無情地抨擊著這部戲,但它還是獲得了巨大的成功。根據(jù)關(guān)鍵詞even though,panned和highly successful可知,是評論家無情地抨擊這部戲,因此選mercy,憐憫,without mercy“無情地”。intention目的,意圖;regret后悔;hesitation猶豫。 2.B　句意:想在我們學(xué)校找到一份工作,你應(yīng)該至少有一年的教學(xué)經(jīng)驗。position在此表示(有報酬的)職位,工作;occupation表示職業(yè),工作,經(jīng)常用在填寫表格上;location位置,場所;profession指受過較高教育或受過專門訓(xùn)練的人所從事的職業(yè)如建筑師、律師、醫(yī)師等,常與by連用。結(jié)合句意應(yīng)選B。 3.A　考查名詞辨析。句意:定期做眼部檢查以便能夠發(fā)現(xiàn)一些沒有癥狀的眼疾是非常重要的。symptom癥狀;similarity相似性;sample樣品;shadow陰影,背光處。只有A項符合句意。 【技巧點撥】 本題需結(jié)合語境才能做出正確的選擇。 4.C　句意:目前許多美國家庭婦女仍面臨著是出去工作還是照顧家庭這樣進退兩難的窘境。desperation絕望;confusion困惑;dilemma進退兩難的困境;concern擔(dān)憂,關(guān)心。 5.D　句意:勤奮工作不能保證你一定會取得巨大成功,但它是取得成功的必要條件之一。由句意可知選guarantee“保證”。mark標(biāo)記,記號;sign跡象,牌子;signal符號,象征。 6.D　考查名詞辨析。從語意知,警察說任何能提供關(guān)于殺人犯線索的信息都能得到5萬美元的報酬。所以用reward表示“報酬,回報”,ine表示“收入”;fee表示“服務(wù)費”;bill表示“賬單”,答案選D項。 7.C　考查名詞詞義辨析。句意:她說謊的事實嚴(yán)重地影響了她的聲譽。此處reputation意為:名聲。答案選C項。 8.B　句意:為了避免矛盾,并保障人們過得安康幸福,政府需要權(quán)衡不同群體的利益。balance“使平衡”;seek“尋找”;identify“鑒定”;bine“合并”。 9.D　句意:我得重新安排跟你約會的時間,因為我的安排中有沖突。conflict“沖突,矛盾”;contract“合同”;contrast“對比”;connection“聯(lián)系”。 10.D　句意:幾乎每個國家在慶祝特別的時刻時都會放煙花。special occasion特殊的時刻(場合)符合句意。situation形勢,處境;condition條件,狀況;state常指思想、感情、心理等狀況。 考點二:名詞的固定搭配 1.B　句意:每月1000美元對大多數(shù)人來說不算一筆財富,但是足夠支付我的生活費用。living expenses為固定搭配指生活費。bill賬單;price價格;charge指貨物或服務(wù)所需的費用。 2.B　句意:律師建議Tom撤訴,因為他打贏官司的幾率很小。drop the case撤訴,放棄案件,為固定搭配。affair事務(wù);男女之間的曖昧關(guān)系;incident嚴(yán)重事件;發(fā)生的小事。event大事;賽事。 3.C　句意:如果你在一群抱怨別人的人群中;你也很可能會開始抱怨。Chances are that ...可能……為固定句式,chance可能性;reason原因;attempt企圖,嘗試;message消息。 4.B　句意:我在大甩賣時僅花10美元就買了一條裙子,真是便宜。bargain便宜貨;exchange交換;trade貿(mào)易,買賣,交易;行業(yè);business生意。 5.A　句意:你能通過考試,我絕不懷疑,但是我仍在想你是否已經(jīng)把一切都準(zhǔn)備好了。have no doubt“毫無疑問”,為固定句式,符合句意。 6.B　考查名詞辨析。a good view of是固定詞組,表示“有很好的視野”,view側(cè)重從某個角度看到的風(fēng)景,而其他選項都無此含義和搭配,所以答案選B項。 7.B　war“戰(zhàn)爭”;campaign“運動”;motion“運動,提議”;struggle“斗爭”。顯然只有B項符合答語的句意,即“的確!所以我們國家正在計劃開展一項戒煙運動”。start/launch a campaign發(fā)起一場運動,為固定短語。 8.C　句意:對地方習(xí)俗的文化差異缺乏了解會引起很多問題。existence“存在”;revolution“革命”;awareness“意識”;evidence“證據(jù)”。根據(jù)句意選C項。 9.D　句意:我的兩個朋友在同一天舉行婚禮,所以去參加哪一場婚禮真的讓“我”左右為難。dilemma“窘境,困境”,符合語意。in a dilemma處在左右為難的境地。 10.A　e into effect“生效”;e into use“開始被使用”;e into service“投入使用”;e into existence“成立,產(chǎn)生”。根據(jù)語境“我已被告知,這部新法將于明年元月一日生效”可知選A項。 實戰(zhàn)模擬 1.A　句意:如果公司未能及時供給你產(chǎn)品,你可以立即要求退款。refund退款,償還;justice正義;guarantee保證;cooperation合作。 2.C　句意:隨著城市的空氣質(zhì)量繼續(xù)引起關(guān)注,居民被建議少燃放煙花。description描寫; promise 妥協(xié),折中;concern關(guān)注,擔(dān)心; emergency緊急情況。 3.B　句意:《時間簡史》被學(xué)物理的學(xué)生看作是權(quán)威之作。bible圣經(jīng);有權(quán)威的書。album相冊,集郵簿;journal旅行日志;record記錄。結(jié)合句意選B。 4.D　考查名詞辨析。這里chances are that+從句是固定句式,表示“很有可能……”,所以答案選D項。 5.D　考查名詞辨析。expectation意為“期待,期望,預(yù)料”,短語not e up to (one’s) expectations意為“未達(dá)到期望(的水平)”。句意:老實說,雖然杰克是我最喜歡的演員之一,但他在這部電影中扮演的角色沒有達(dá)到我的期望。 6.A　由于資金缺乏、設(shè)備故障、環(huán)境擔(dān)憂以及極端寒冷等原因,南極的石油鉆探慢慢拖了下去。concern擔(dān)憂,擔(dān)心;assumption假設(shè);occupation職業(yè);占據(jù);ignorance無知。結(jié)合句意選A。 7.A　句意:像100米和4100米接力賽這些最受歡迎的比賽的票在幾小時之內(nèi)就賣完了。event指(體育運動的)比賽項目,也指大事,重要事情。incident嚴(yán)重事件;發(fā)生的小事;affair事務(wù),男女關(guān)系;accident事故。 8.A　句意:他對俄羅斯是如此的了解,以至于人們普遍認(rèn)為他是俄羅斯事務(wù)方面的權(quán)威人士。authority權(quán)威人士,專家;routine常規(guī);privilege特權(quán);boundary界限。 9.A　句意:對大多數(shù)人來說,事業(yè)有成,獲得晉升,攢下些錢,過個愉快的假期,買個車,買套房,給孩子一個好的起跑線是他們自然而然的目標(biāo)。promotion晉升,提拔;victory勝利;sympathy同情;reputation名譽,名聲。 10.D　句意:在今天的世界中找到信息很容易,但你怎樣分辨出你得到的信息是否有用卻是一個挑戰(zhàn)。challenge挑戰(zhàn);艱巨任務(wù),符合句意。knowledge知識;ability能力;petition競爭。 11.A　句意:當(dāng)你尋找工作時,能夠說一種流利的外語是一個很大的優(yōu)勢。advantage優(yōu)勢,有利因素;chance機會,可能性;help幫助;importance重要性。 12.D　句意:地震之后,當(dāng)?shù)卣龅牡谝患率墙o無家可歸的家庭提供食宿。acmodation食宿,根據(jù)句意選擇D。 13.C　句意:語音、語調(diào)、流利性以及詞匯都影響了語言學(xué)習(xí)者理解和被理解的能力。whistle口哨(聲);translation翻譯;fluency流利,流暢;experience經(jīng)驗;經(jīng)歷。結(jié)合句意應(yīng)選C。 14.D　have a gift for ...是固定搭配,意思是“有……的天賦”。答句的意思是“他一定有語言天賦”。present禮物;try嘗試;sense感覺。 15.C　句意:莫言獲得xx年諾貝爾文學(xué)獎表明了世界對中國當(dāng)代文學(xué)的認(rèn)可。 impression印象;distinction差別,區(qū)別,對比;recognition認(rèn)可 ;indication表明。 16.C　句意:——那很重要嗎?——是的,很關(guān)鍵。make any difference意為:關(guān)系重大,起重要作用。 17.D　根據(jù)“I’m always tired.”可知,第一句應(yīng)表示“我真羨慕那些精力充沛的人”,選D項,energy意為“精力,活力”。power“能力,權(quán)力”;strength“力量,力氣”;force“暴力,武力”。 18.A　根據(jù)句意可知應(yīng)選A項,traffic accident意為“交通事故”。affair“事件,私事”;incident“事件,事變”,用于表示突發(fā)事件或偶發(fā)事件;event“重要的事情,大事”。 19.D　句意:人們認(rèn)為在中國的西部農(nóng)村地區(qū)超過2/3的人口得不到醫(yī)療保健。have no access to意為:得不到;無法進入。符合句意。aid幫助;basis基礎(chǔ);belief信念。 20.A　句意:老師對教育事業(yè)的貢獻被整個社會給予了很高地尊重,原因是它推動了整個社會的發(fā)展。devotion獻身;奉獻[(+to)];principle原則;原理;identity身份;guidance指導(dǎo);引導(dǎo);領(lǐng)導(dǎo);根據(jù)題意應(yīng)該是說老師的奉獻,故選A。