2019-2020年高中英語 Unit5 First aid Section II Learning about the language練習 新人教版必修5.doc

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2019-2020年高中英語 Unit5 First aid Section II Learning about the language練習 新人教版必修5 一、課前預習 I. 重點短語 1. 充當… __________________________ 2. 阻止某人做… __________________________ 3. 撞翻… ___________________________ 4. 裁成適當?shù)拈L度 ___________________________ 5. 前傾身體 ___________________________ 6. 屬于 ___________________________ 7. 讓某人吃驚的是 ___________________________ 8 一把剪刀 ___________________________ 9. 保暖 ___________________________ 10. 因為…感激某人 ___________________________ II. 完成句子：用上面的短語完成下列句子。 1. Johnson ______________________ slightly to see the words on the screen clearly. Johnson稍微前傾身體以便能清晰地看到屏幕上的字。 2. ______________________, he killed himself by jumping from the top of the tallest building. 讓我們感到驚訝的是，他從最高的樓上跳了下來摔死了。 3. My grandma always reminded me of _______________________ in winter. 祖母總是提醒我冬天要保暖。 4. She carefully _________________________________ and then folded into four. 她仔細地把這張紙裁成適當?shù)拈L度，然后折疊成四份。 5. The cars _____________________ the pany were all destroyed in the big fire. 屬于這家公司的車都在這場大火中燒毀了。 6. I’m afraid that you need _______________________________ to cut it through. 我想你需要一把剪刀來把它從中裁開。 7. I’ve made up my mind and nobody can __________________________________. 我已下定決心，沒有人能阻止我做這件事。 8. The naughty boy __________________________ the vase by accident. 那個淘氣的男孩不小心撞翻了花瓶。 9. Emma _______________________ Luke _________ what he had done for her。 艾瑪感激盧克為她所做的一切。 10. In modern architecture glass __________________ a kind of important building materials. 在現(xiàn)代建筑中，玻璃是一種重要的建筑材料。 二、語法突破：省略 省略在英語運用中，尤其是在交際對話中普遍存在，因為它可以避免重復，突出關鍵詞語，能做到言簡意賅，并使上下文緊密連接。在歷年的高考題中也屢見不鮮。省略有詞法上的省略，也有句法上的省略，某些替代也看作一種省略。 分類 說明 舉例 簡單句的省略 不定式的省略 A:　Will you join us?你要同我們一道去嗎？ B:　I should love to (join you).我愿意。 We have nothing to do now but wait. 我們現(xiàn)在除了等沒有別的事可做。 I can not but admire his courage. 我不能不欽佩他的勇敢。 His mother found him (to be) a clever boy.他母親發(fā)覺他是一個很聰明的孩子。 冠詞的省略 She sings best in the class. 她在班上唱歌唱得最好。 Our teacher came in, book in hand. (=Our teacher came in, with a book in his hand.) 我們的老師手里拿著一本書進來了。 Child as he is, he knows a lot. 雖然他還是一個孩子，卻懂得很多。 介詞的省略 We have lived here (for) ten years. 我們在這兒已經住了10年了 但是在否定句中,此類for不能省略。 I havent seen you for three months. 我已經三個月沒有見到你了。 Its no use (in) crying.哭也沒用 名詞所有格后名詞的省略 at the doctors 在診所 These are Johns books and those are Marys (books). 這些是約翰的書，那些是瑪麗的書。 在并列句中 一般說來，在后一并列句中凡是與上文相同的成分通常都要省略。 My room is on the fifth floor,　and hers (is) on the eighth (floor). 我的房間在五樓,而她的在八樓。 I came at eight but Henry (came) at nine. 我在八點來,但是亨利在九點來 復 合 句 的 省 略 狀 語 從 句 當狀語從的主語和主句的主語一致，且狀語從句中含有be　動詞時，省略狀語從句中的主語和be 動詞。 When （the novel is） published,　the novel will bee one of the best sellers of the year. 那本小說出版的時候就會成為當年的暢銷書之一。 Although (he was) hard-working,　he couldnt earn enough to support himself. 盡管努力工作,他的收入還是不夠自己糊口。 When (the grapes are) ripe,　the grapes will be delicious. 當葡萄成熟之后就會很好吃 Had you e earlier, you would have met my brother. 你要是再來早一點，你就能見到我哥哥了。 定 語 從 句 如果關系代詞在定語從句中作賓語時，這個關系代詞可以省略。 Here is the man (whom) youve been looking　for. 這位就是你一直在找的人。 Hes the man (who/that) you can safely depend on. 他是你能放心信賴的人。 There are many plays (that) Id like to see. 有很多話劇我想看 復 合 句 的 省 略 賓 語 從 句 引導賓語從句的that 之后接的從句不長時，可以省略。如果that 后面的賓語從句較長時，that不能省略。 I hope (that) youll be fine soon. 我希望你盡快康復。 Now scientists warn that if not under control,　the unseen energy waves,　“electric smog”, may be hazardous to our health. 現(xiàn)在科學家警告說,有一種肉眼看不到的能波,即“電子煙塵”,如果不加以控制,可能危害人類的健康。 主 語 從 句 有時整個主句都可省略，只剩下一個從句。這種省略現(xiàn)象通常出現(xiàn)在簡短答語中。 A:　You all like the story？ 你們都喜歡這個故事？ B:　Yes,　except that the ending is too sudden. 是的,只是結尾太倉促 即境活用： 1. (xx江西卷） Some of you may have finished unit one. _____ , you can go on to unit two. A. If you may B. If you do C. If not D. If so 2.（xx湖南卷）Every evening after dinner, if not _______ from work, I will spend some time walking my dog. A. being tired B. tiring C. tired D. to be tired 3. （xx浙江）The experiment shows that proper amounts of exercise, if regularly, can improve our health. A．being carried out B．carrying out C．carried out D．to carry out 三、課后自測 （一）基礎知識自測 I. 單詞拼寫 1. The old woman who suffered a sudden heart attack was immediately taken to hospital by an ______________ (救護車). 2. Last week Mr. Smith attended his daughter’s graduation ______________ (典禮). 3. The doctor applied the _____________ (繃帶) to my broken aim. 4. The heart is one of the most important ______________(器官) in your bodies.. 5. The Wende Bridge was damaged by a flood, so a ______________ (臨時的) one was put in its place. 6. Nowadays many people are suffering from the ______________(壓力) from life . 7. As is known, cancer doesn’t necessarily show any s______________ in its early stages. 8. In spite of the ______________(復雜的) theory, he managed to figure it out . 9. Yesterday my toothache is u_____________, so I had to go to hospital. 10. Lack of clean drinking water is the biggest b____________ in some poor areas. II 句型轉換(使用省略)： 1. You shouldn’t go into the room unless you are asked to do so. You shouldn’t go into the house unless _________________________. 2. If the flowers are not taken care of, they will die. ___________________________ , the plant will die. 3. If it is convenient, I will pick you up at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. _______________________ I will pick you up at 8 o’clock tomorrow morning. 4. While one is driving, one shouldn’t make a phone call. __________________ , one shouldn’t make a phone call. 5. The two pandas that were exhibited in the zoo attracted many citizens. The two pandas _________________________ attracted many citizens. III．單項選擇 1. as he is, he knows a lot about the adult. A. Child B. A child C. The child D. One child 2. To his disappointment. the opinion he had stuck ______ out wrong. A．to turn B．to turning C．to turned D．to be turned 3. ______________, the monument could be restored to its former glory. A. If repaired well B. If repairing well C. To repair well D. Repairing well 4. __________ fired, your health care and other benefits will not be immediately cut off. A. Would you be B. Should you be C. Could you be D. Might you be 5. —What should I do with this passage? —__________ the main idea of each paragraph. （xx重慶） A. Finding out B. Found out C. Find out D. To find out 6. _________，he talks a lot about his favorite singers after class. （xx重慶） A. A quiet student as he may be B. Quiet student as he may be C. Be a quiet student as he may D. Quiet as he may be a student 7. —What’s the matter with Della? —Well, her parents wouldnt allow her to go to the party, but she still _______ . (xx江蘇) A. hopes to B. hopes so C. hopes not D. hopes for 8. —Who should be responsible for the accident? —The boss，not the workers. They just carried out the order . （xx福建） A. as told B. as are told C. as telling D. as they told 9. We all know that， ，the situation will get worse. （xx全國I） A. not if dealt carefully with B. if not carefully dealt with C. if dealt not carefully with D. not if carefully dealt with 10. Faced with a bill for $10，000， . A. John has taken an extra job B. the boss has given John an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to John （二）能力提升自測 1.（2005年高考廣東卷)　　　　　,Carolina couldnt get the door open. A.　Try as she might　　　　　　　B.　As she might try C.　She might as try　　　　　　　 D.　Might she as try 2. In our class Lisa’s English is better than ______. A. anybody else B. anybody’s English C. anybody else’ D. anybody else’s 3. --Does your brother intends to learn to sing this song? --Yes, he intends ______. A. so B. to C. that D. it 4. We must keep the factory ______ poisonous gases into air. A. sending B. to send C. from sending D. send 5. ---Susan, go on. Your sister is cleaning the yard. ---Why ____? John is sitting there doing nothing. A. him B. he C. I D. me 6. _____, I will help you with your work. A. If I am possible B. If it possible C. If possible D. Possible 7. —Do you follow me? —Yes, _____. A. it is good B. I will C. perfectly D. very good 8. —How are you getting on with your work ? —Oh, I’m sorry. Things aren’t going so well as _____. A. plans B. planning C. planned D. to plan 9. —Are you a teacher? —No, but I _____. I worked in a middle school for three years. A. am B. will C. do D. was 10. —How many poor counties will there be in our province by xx? —There will be only a few, if _____. A. much B. some C. any D. many 11. —Why didn’t you e to Mike’s birthday party yesterday ? —Well, I_____, but I forgot it. A. should B. must C. should have D. must have 12. Doctors have said that as many as 50% of patients don’t take medicine _____. A. like directed B. to be directed C. as directed D. so that directed 13. (xx春季高考題)The man we followed suddenly stopped and looked as if ________whether he was going in the right direction. A. seeing　　B. having　　 C. to have seen　D. to see 14.(xx全國高考題)Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment，________ I will always treasure. A.that　　　 B.one　 C.it　　　D.what 15. When ____, the building will be used as a school for children from poor families. A. pleted B. pleting C. to be pleted D. is pleting （三）智能拓展訓練 I. 閱讀理解 （xx年天津卷） In the kitchen of my mother’s houses there has always been a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（記事本）and a hole for a pencil. I’m looking for paper on which to note down the name of a book I am remending to my mother. Over forty years since my earliest memories of the kitchen pad and pencil, five houses later, the current paper and pencil look the same as they always did. Surely it can’t be the same pencil? The pad is more modern, but the wooden stand is definitely the original one. “I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year.” I say to her, walking back into the living-room with a sheet of paper and the pencil. “You still use a pencil. Can’t you afford a pen?” My mother replies a little sharply. “It works perfectly well. I’ve always kept the stand in the kitchen. I never knew when I might want to note down an idea, and I was always in the kitchen in these days.” Immediately I can picture her, hair wild, blue housecoat covered in flour, a wooden spoon in one hand, the pencil in the other, her mouth moving silently. My mother smiles and says, “One day I was cooking and watching baby Pauline, and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty. One of the children must have taken the paper. So I just picked up the breadboard and wrote it all down on the back. It turned out to be a real breakthrough for solving the mathematical problem I was working on.” This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is also a gifted mathematician. I feel embarrassed that I plain about not having enough child-free time to work. Later, when my mother is in the bathroom, I go into her kitchen and turn over the breadboards. Sure enough, on the back of the smallest one, are some penciled marks I recognize as mathematics. Those symbols have traveled unaffected through fifty years, rooted in the soil of a cheap wooden breadboard, invisible（看不到的）exhibits at every meal. 1．Why has the author’s mother always kept the notepad and pencil in the kitchen? A. To leave messages. B. To list her everyday tasks. C. To note down maths problems. D. To write down a flash of inspiration. 2. What is the author’s original opinion about the wooden stand? A. It has great value for the family. B. It needs to be replaced by a better one. C. It brings her back to her lonely childhood. D .It should be passed on to the next generation. 3. The author feels embarrassed for . A. blaming her mother wrongly. B. giving her mother a lot of trouble. C. not making good use of time as her mother did. D. not making any breakthrough in her field. 4. What can be inferred from the last paragraph? A .The mother is successful in her career. B. The family members like traveling. C. The author had little time to play when young. D. The marks on the breadboard have disappeared. 5. In the author’s mind ,her mother is . A. strange in behavior. B. keen on her research. C. fond of collecting old things. D. careless about her appearance. II． 根據(jù)短文內容，從短文后的選項中選出能填入空白處的最佳選項。選項中有兩項為多余選項。 A great life doesnt happen by accident. It is the result of allocating(分配) your time, energy, thoughts, and hard work towards what you want your life to be. Stop setting yourself up for stress and failure, and start setting up your life to support success and ease. It is the result of using what you get in a creative and thoughtful way, instead of just what es next.　1 S—Simplify. A great life is the result of simplifying your life. People often misinterpret what simplify means. Its not a way to remove work from your life. 2 In order to create a great life, you will have to make room for it in yours first. E—Effort. A great life is the result of your best effort. Creating it requires that you make some adjustments. It may mean re-evaluating how you spend your time, or choosing to spend your money in a different way. Life will reward your best effort. 　C—Create priorities（首要事情）. A great life is the result of creating priorities. Its easy to spend your days just responding to the next thing that gets your attention, instead of intentionally using the time, energy and money you have in a way thats important to you. 3 R—Remove distractions (分心). A great life is the result of removing distractions. 4 Removing distractions can be a difficult concept to many people, since they havent really considered that there is another way to live. Find ways to free up your mental energy for things that are more important to you. 　 E—Eliminate distractions. A great life is the result of eliminating distractions. Up to 75% of your mental energy can be tied up in things that are draining and distracting you. T—Thoughts. 5 Your belief in the oute will directly determine how successful you are. Motivated people have specific goals and look for ways to achieve them. Believing there is a solution to the same old problems you encounter year after year is vitally important to creating a life that you love. A. When you focus on simplifying your life, you free up energy and time for the work that you enjoy and the purpose for which you are here. B. A great life is the result of having reserves—reserves of things, time, space, energy and money. C. Today, right now, is the right day to start to take a step in the direction of your heart’s desires. D. Up to 75% of your mental energy can be tied up in things that stop you concentrating. E. Now please use “secrets” to fit your own needs and style, and start creating your own great life today. F. A great life is the result of controlling your thoughts so that you accept and allow for the possibility that it actually can happen to you! G. Focus on removing the obstacles that get in the way of you making sure you are honoring your priorities.　 Section II Learning about the language 一、課前預習 I. 重點短語 1. act as 2 .prevent sb from doing 3. knock over sth 4. cut sth to the right length 5. bend forward 6. belong to 7. to one’s surprise 8. a pair of scissors 9. keep sb warm 10. be grateful to sb for sth II. 完成句子：用上面的短語完成下列句子。 1. bent forward 2. To our surprise 3. keeping myself warm 4. cut the paper to the right length 5. belonging to 6. a pair of scissors 7. prevent me from doing it 8. knocked over 9. was grateful to; for 10. acts as 二、語法突破 1. D. 解析:本題考查省略句的用法。 If so = If you have done that / so即指代前一句中的have finished unit one，因此選D。 2. C. 解析: 考查省略句式。在if引導的條件狀語從句中，從句中還原應為if am not tired from work，根據(jù)省略的原則，因此選C。 3. C. 解析：本題考查if條件句中的省略情況。完整形式是：if it is carried out。句意為：這項實驗表明，適當?shù)倪\動，如果有規(guī)律的進行，能夠有助于我們的身體健康。因此選C。 三、課后自測 （一）基礎知識自測 I. 單詞拼寫 1. ambulance 2. ceremony 3. bandage 4. organs 5. temporary 6. pressure 7. symptom 8. plex 9. unbearable 10. barrier II 句型轉換 1. asked to 2. not taken care of 3. If convenient 4. While driving 5. exhibited in the zoo III．單項選擇 1. A?？疾閍s引導的讓步狀語從句中的省略。as引導讓步狀語從句時，表語要調至句首，其前的冠詞要省略。 2. C?？疾槎ㄕZ從句中的省略。句意為：讓他失望的是，他所堅持的觀點被證明是錯誤的。stick to sth 堅持某事，前半句為一個省略了引導詞的定語從句，被省略的引導詞在定語從句中做stick to的賓語。整個句子缺少謂語，根據(jù)定語從句中的時態(tài)had stuck可知謂語動詞應該用過去時。 3. A?？疾閕f條件狀語從句中的省略。句意為：假如修理了的話，這座紀念碑會重現(xiàn)過去的光彩。紀念碑和該動作repair之間為被動關系，而且使用了省略的形式，完整的句子是If the monument is repaired well。 4. B?？疾閕f條件狀語從句中的省略。前半句為if條件狀語從句的省略形式，同時還使用了虛擬。含有虛擬的if一旦省略，需要把助動詞提前。 5. A。本題考查在具體語境中的省略，第二句補充完整應為You should find out the main idea of each paragraph。 6. B?？疾閍s引導的讓步狀語從句中的省略。as引導讓步狀語從句時，表語要調至句首，其前的冠詞要省略。 7. A?？疾閯釉~不定式to之后的省略。在一些動詞afford, agree, expect, forget, mean, pretend, remember, want, refuse, hope, wish, would like (love), try等后跟動詞不定式作賓語，不定式中的to可以承前（后)省略。 8. A。考查方式狀語從句中的省略。as told=as they were told，此處是as引導的方式狀語從句的省略。當從句主語與主句主語一致，且謂語動詞含有be時，將從句的主語和be省略。又因為workers與tell之間是被動關系，排除C、D。 9. B?？疾閕f條件狀語從句中的省略。that后跟賓語從句，賓語從句中含有一個主從句，if從句使用了省略句式，完整的形式應為if it is not carefully dealt with，it指代主句中的situation。 10. A。考查分詞作狀語的省略。句意為：（約翰）面對著一張10，000美元的賬單，接受了另一份工作做兼職。這個句子意思已表明，face的邏輯主語與主句主語應當一致，都是得到兼職工作的John。 （二）能力提升自測 1. A 此題考查的是as引導讓步狀語從句動詞倒裝的語法現(xiàn)象，B項為正常語序可首先排除；C項也是陳述語序，且引導詞as位置錯誤，也可排除；D項情態(tài)動詞might不能充當?shù)寡b成分，也不符合題意。答案： 2. D 考查所屬格后的省略。比較對象是English，所以不能選A；Lisa包括在anybody范圍內，C的所屬格形式錯誤。 3. B 考查intend to do和不定式之后相同動作的省略。 4. C 考查動詞短語的用法。prevent sb from doing sth “阻止某人做某事”。 5. D 考查簡單句的省略。在無主謂的句子中，要使用代詞的賓格形式。 6. C 考查if條件狀語從句中的省略。if從句使用了省略句式，完整的形式應為if it is possible。當從句主語與主句主語一致或是從句中的主語是it時，且謂語動詞含有be時，將從句的主語和be省略。 7. C 考查簡單句的省略。完整的句子是：Yes, I follow you perfectly. 8. C 考查了比較狀語從句中的省略。完整的形式應為as it is planned. 當從句主語與主句主語一致或是從句中的主語是it時，且謂語動詞含有be時，將從句的主語和be省略。 9. D 考查動詞時態(tài)和省略。由后一句中的I worked in a middle school for three years,可知過去是而現(xiàn)在不是老師。完整的句子是：No, but I was a teacher. 10. C 考查了if條件狀語從句中的省略。完整的句子是：if there are any。最有迷惑性的選項是B，但在if中要用any不用some。 11. C 考查情景交際中的省略。第一個句子中詢問的是過去的動作，因此排除A和B。第二個句子中的I forgot it，說明是“應該來而沒有來”。 12. C 考查了比較狀語從句中的省略。完整的形式應為as they are directed. 當從句主語與主句主語一致或是從句中的主語是it時，且謂語動詞含有be時，將從句的主語和be省略。 13. D 考查表語從句中的省略。as if 引導的方式狀語從句中省略了與主句相同的主語且謂語動詞含有be，將從句的主語和be省略。完整的句子是：as if the man was seeing whether he was going in the right direction。 14. B 考查了代詞的替代表省略。one指代前半句中的an unforgettable moment。 15. A 考查了狀語從句中的省略。當從句主語與主句主語一致或是從句中的主語是it時，且謂語動詞含有be時，將從句的主語和be省略。完整的句子是：when the building is pleted。 （三）智能拓展訓練 I. 閱讀理解 本文主要講述了作為數(shù)學家的母親隨時隨地記錄思想的火花。 1. D. 細節(jié)理解題。從I never knew when I might want to note down an idea到下一段的and I had a brilliant thought, but the stand was empty.可知正確答案時D. 2. B. 根據(jù)第三段中I’m just amazed you still have the same stand for holding the pad and pencil after all these year.可推斷，作者認為the wooden stand該換成更好的了。 3. C. 細節(jié)理解題。最后一段中有I feel embarrassed that I plain about not having enough child-free time to work. 可知答案。 4. A. 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的第一句This story—which happened before I was born—reminds me how extraordinary my mother was, and is also a gifted mathematician.推斷。 5. B. 推理判斷題。作者通過a wooden stand（木架）with a small notepad（記事本）and a hole for a pencil描寫了一位母親對事業(yè)的執(zhí)著和熱愛，由此可以推