2019年高考英語(yǔ) 同步精練 訓(xùn)練1.doc

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2019年高考英語(yǔ) 同步精練 訓(xùn)練1 Ⅰ.介副詞填空 1．With annual rainfall close__________zero，Antarctica is technically a desert. 2．Antarctica holds 90% of the worlds ice，and most of its fresh water is________a frozen state. 3．________average it is two kilometers thick. 4．Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife，which has adapted________its extreme conditions. 5．The rest of the plants are made up________mosses，algae and lichen. 6．Gases and minerals，________the form of volcanic dust trapped in the ice，can tell us a lot of about what the worlds climate was like in past ages. 7．One rock，known________the “Alien” rock，may contain evidence of extraterrestrial life. 8．A Norwegian called Carstens Borchgrevink became the first man to set foot________the Antarctic mainland. 9．________particular，it aims to keep Antarctica free from nuclear tests and radioactive waste. 10．Today scientists________many countries travel to Antarctica to study its resources. 答案　1.to　2.in　3.On　4.to　5.of　6.in　7.as　8.on 9．In　10.from Ⅱ.單詞拼寫 1．Covering about 14 million square kilometers around the South Pole，it is the fifth largest c________in the world. 2．Strong winds driven by g________blow from the pole to the coastline. 3．But the long Antarctic winter night，which lasts for 182 days，as well as the e________cold and lack of rainfall，means that few types of plants can survive there. 4．With annual r________close to zero，Antarctica is technically a desert. 5．In some places it reaches a d________of five kilometers. 6．98% of the surface is covered________(永久地)in the ice cap. 7．In 1961，a________(公約) signed by 12 countries，including Britain，F(xiàn)rance，and the USA，made Antarctica the worlds biggest nature reserve. 8．The aim of the treaty is to prevent the________(商業(yè)的) and military use of the continent. 9．Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which________(使平衡) the land in the north. 10．When Europeans discovered the continent of America in the fifth century，the great age of________(探索) began. 答案　1.continent　2.gravity　3.extreme　4.rainfall 5．depth　6.permanently　 7.treaty　8mercial　9.balanced　10.exploration Ⅲ.翻譯與仿寫 1．Yet Antarctica is full of wildlife，which has adapted to its extreme conditions. 翻譯： ___________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：小孩子往往很快就能適應(yīng)新環(huán)境。 ___________________________________________________________________ 答案　但南極洲仍然棲息著很多野生生物，它們已經(jīng)適應(yīng)了那里極其惡劣的條件。 Young kids often adapt themselves quickly to a new environment. 2．But more than two thousand years ago Greek geographers believed that there was a large land mass in the south which balanced the land in the north. 翻譯： ____________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：他在墻頭上用胳膊保持平衡。 ____________________________________________________________________ 答案　但是xx多年以前，希臘的地理學(xué)家認(rèn)為地球南邊有一塊陸地與北邊的陸地保持平衡。 He kept his balance with his arms on top of the wall. 3．Sunrise and sunset e once every six months，and in the winter the total absence of daylight can be tiresome，and for some，depressing. 翻譯： ____________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：我不在時(shí)，由萊頓女士負(fù)責(zé)。 ____________________________________________________________________ 答案　日出和日落每6個(gè)月才有一次，冬季完全不見(jiàn)日光會(huì)令人厭倦，對(duì)有些人來(lái)說(shuō)令人沮喪。 Ms.Leighton will be in charge during my absence. 4．Since most Antarctic rocks are dark in colour，they stand out against the white background and are easy to identify and collect. 翻譯： ____________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：高大的弗雷德在人群中特別顯眼。 ____________________________________________________________________ 答案　南極洲的大多數(shù)巖石是深色的，它們?cè)诎咨┑挠骋r下格外顯眼，也就易于識(shí)別和搜集。 Fred was very tall and stood out in the crowd. 5．But when land came into sight，the Endurance became trapped in the ice and began to break up. 翻譯： ____________________________________________________________________ 仿寫：她在找錢時(shí)把玻璃打碎了。 ____________________________________________________________________ 答案　但是當(dāng)陸地出現(xiàn)在眼前時(shí)，“耐力”號(hào)卻陷入冰層并開(kāi)始解體。 She broke up the glass in her search for money. Ⅳ.語(yǔ)篇填詞 Antarctica，the coldest place on Earth，is the fifth largest 1.________in the world.The conditions there are quite 2.________with nearly no 3.________.98 percent of the surface is covered 4.________by ice and strong winds driven by 5.________blow from the pole to the coastline.However，it is full of 6.________like the famous penguins，which can 7.________its hard conditions.The ice there has bee a window on the past with gases and minerals trapped in it.It was not until 1895 that the Norwegian explorer called Carstens Borchgrevink 8.________the Antarctic mainland.In 1961,12 countries signed a 9.______to make it the worlds biggest nature reserve.Today scientists from all over the world go there to study its resources and to work together for progress and 10.________. 答案　1.continent　2.extreme　3.rainfall　4.permanently 5．gravity　6.wildlife　7.adapt to　8.set foot on　9.treaty 10．peace Ⅴ.單項(xiàng)填空 1．It was not until she had arrived home________her appointment with the doctor. A．did she remember B．that she remembered C．when she remembered D．had she remembered 解析　此句為強(qiáng)調(diào)句型，基本結(jié)構(gòu)為 It is /was ＋被強(qiáng)調(diào)部分＋that＋其他成分。該句中是對(duì)not until...句型進(jìn)行強(qiáng)調(diào)。 答案　B 2．All the employees except the manager________to work online at home. A．encourages B．encourage C．is encouraged D．a(chǎn)re encouraged 解析　考查動(dòng)詞的一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)與語(yǔ)態(tài)問(wèn)題以及主謂一致原則。主語(yǔ)為all the employees，而except the manager為介詞短語(yǔ)，不影響主語(yǔ)與謂語(yǔ)關(guān)系，即謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用復(fù)數(shù)形式，排除A項(xiàng)和C項(xiàng)；又因 all the employees 與encourage之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。 答案　D 3．If your race car isnt insured，you may________losing everything when it hits something solid. A．delay B．deny C．a(chǎn)void D．risk 解析　句意：如果你的賽車不入保險(xiǎn)的話，當(dāng)它撞了硬物后，你可能會(huì)一無(wú)所有。risk doing sth冒著做某事的危險(xiǎn)，符合題意。 答案　D 4．—________I ask you something if you are not too busy? —Yes，of course you________. A．Should；should B．Could；can C．Could；could D．Can；could 解析　考查情態(tài)動(dòng)詞。could 用于疑問(wèn)句中，表示有禮貌的請(qǐng)求，不表示時(shí)態(tài)，因此回答時(shí)用can。 答案　B 5．________the poem a second time，the meaning will bee clearer to you. A．Your reading B．While reading C．If reading D．When you read 解析　read的主語(yǔ)和bee的主語(yǔ)不一致，所以應(yīng)用從句。 答案　D 6．The newers found it impossible to________themselves to the climate sufficiently to make permanent homes in the new country. A．suit B．a(chǎn)dapt C．regulate D．relate 解析　adapt oneself to使自己適應(yīng)；suit(1)合某人意；(2)衣服款式(色彩)適合某人；(3)使適合于(口味、興趣、工作)；regulate v．(用法律)掌管；控制(機(jī)器、設(shè)備)；調(diào)節(jié)；relate...to把……聯(lián)系到一起。 答案　B 7．The bomb exploded，________victims in the building. A．trapped B．trapping C．being trapped D．having trapped 解析　句意：炸彈爆炸了，受害者被困在大樓里。現(xiàn)在分詞作結(jié)果狀語(yǔ)，“trap sb in...”。 答案　B 8．It is wellknown that advertising is often the most effective method of________. A．motivation B．extension C．contribution D．promotion 解析　promotion表示“推銷；促銷活動(dòng)”，為不可數(shù)名詞。句意：大家都知道廣告是最有效的促銷方法。motivation動(dòng)機(jī)；extension延長(zhǎng)，擴(kuò)充；contribution貢獻(xiàn)。 答案　D 9．To keep market prices steady，the government should first keep demand and supply________. A．stocked B．preserved C．provided D．balanced 解析　keep demand and supply后面需要一個(gè)形容詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，balanced意為“平衡的”。句意：為了使市場(chǎng)價(jià)格穩(wěn)定，政府首先應(yīng)該使供需平衡。stock進(jìn)貨，采購(gòu)；preserve 保護(hù)，維持；provide提供。 答案　D 10．One of the important factors in determining whether you get good grades is your________of mind. A．condition B．state C．case D．situation 解析　state在這里表示“狀態(tài)；狀況”。句意：決定你是否能夠取得好成績(jī)的重要因素之一是你的思想狀態(tài)。 答案　B 11．He was________being killed yesterday.A car passed him at what he thought was a dangerous speed. A．used to B．going to C．up to D．close to 解析　close to表示“接近于，幾乎”。句意：昨天他幾乎死掉了。一輛小汽車以他認(rèn)為很危險(xiǎn)的速度從他旁邊擦肩而過(guò)。 答案　D 12．Young as she is，the girl________because she won the first prize in the Super Girls contest. A．es out B．stands out C．makes out D．works out 解析　stand out表示“突出；顯眼”。句意：這個(gè)小女孩雖然年輕，但是她在超級(jí)女生比賽中獲得了一等獎(jiǎng)，使她很突出。 答案　B 13．—Have you e to an agreement? —No，we havent discussed the problem________. A．in case B．in total C．in mon D．in detail 解析　in detail表示“詳細(xì)地”。后半句表示“沒(méi)有，我們還沒(méi)有詳細(xì)地討論這個(gè)問(wèn)題”。 答案　D 14．In many developed countries，the rich________richer and the poor poorer，which________a social problem. A．bees；are B．a(chǎn)re being；is C．became；is D．is being；is 解析　the rich表示“富人”，作主語(yǔ)時(shí)看作復(fù)數(shù)。后面which is a social problem是非限制性定語(yǔ)從句，其中which指代的是前面的這個(gè)現(xiàn)象，所以看作單數(shù)。 答案　B 15．It is________that so many young athletes are ing into the team. A．encouraging B．discouraging C．encouraged D．discouraged 解析　由句意推斷“如此多的年輕運(yùn)動(dòng)員加入進(jìn)來(lái)”應(yīng)該是“令人鼓舞的”。 答案　A Ⅵ.完形填空 Antarctica is the continent which is the most southern area of land on the Earth and is mostly__1__with ice.This is one of the driest and__2__in the world.But people from all over the world e to__3__there.Near the South Pole，three thousand people live together in a place__4__AmundsenScott Station. The station__5__libraries，cinemas，shops，sports rooms，canteens and laboratories.There is electricity(電)，and they have__6__—the system that they use to have a conversation with someone in__7__place.And they have__8__—electronic machines that store information and use programs to help them find，organize，or change the information. But the people here__9__travel by car，or train，or bus，because there arent any roads or railways near the station.They__10__by ship，helicopter，plane，or snow tractor，or__11__dogs. There arent__12__trees or flowers there，but there are hundreds of different birds and other__13__. Most of the people here are__14__.They study plant and animal life and how ice__15__.The ice can__16__us about changes in climate.Ray Kingman is an expert at AmundsenScott Station，telling us__17__the phone，“This is my second year here.Its a very interesting and beautiful place，but life is very__18__in winter.In summer we can go__19__in hot pools of water.We wele newers here for further__20__of the continent！” 1．A.filled B．full C．discovered D．covered 解析　 be covered with由……覆蓋。 答案　D 2．A.warm areas B．coldest places C．cool areas D．hottest places 解析　由常識(shí)可知，南極洲氣溫很低，所以是coldest places。 答案　B 3．A.travel B．settle C．work D．live 解析　由第五段可知，生活在這兒的人大部分是科學(xué)家，他們研究……，可以推出此空應(yīng)為“工作”。 答案　C 4．A.called B．call C．calls D．calling 解析　called為過(guò)去分詞做定語(yǔ)。 答案　A 5．A.built B．has C．exists D．lies 解析　exist和lie是不及物動(dòng)詞，后不加賓語(yǔ)，故排除；build應(yīng)為被動(dòng)，所以選B。 答案　B 6．A.telephone B．film C．television D．record player 解析　根據(jù)句中的have a conversation with someone可以選出答案。 答案　A 7．A.other B．a(chǎn)nother C．the other D．others 解析　此處用作定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾place，place為單數(shù)，可用another或the other來(lái)修飾。another為“另一個(gè)”；the other為“(兩個(gè)中的)另一個(gè)”。 答案　B 8．A.printers B．icons C．mice D．puters 解析　破折號(hào)有解釋說(shuō)明的作用。此處由后面的electronic machines that store information and use programs to help them find，organize，or change the information可知作者指的是電腦。printer打印機(jī)；icon圖標(biāo)；mice(mouse的復(fù)數(shù)形式)鼠標(biāo)。 答案　D 9．A.dont B．mustnt C．neednt D．shouldnt 解析　由下文because there arent any roads or railways near the station可得出答案。 答案　A 10．A.go B．walk C．run D．travel 解析　由前面的travel by car，or train，or bus可知答案。 答案　D 11．A.with B．instead of C．on D．in front of 解析　with后跟某種具體的交通工具，與前面的by并列。 答案　A 12．A.much B．a(chǎn)ny C．many D．some 解析　句意：這兒沒(méi)有樹木和花草。前面是否定句，故用any。 答案　B 13．A.plants B．things C．a(chǎn)nimals D．life 解析　根據(jù)上下文猜測(cè)，鳥類和其它的動(dòng)物。因?yàn)閎irds屬于animals。 答案　C 14．A.teachers B．scientists C．doctors D．workers 解析　根據(jù)下文They study plant and animal life and how ice moves可推出，只有科學(xué)家才研究動(dòng)植物。 答案　B 15．A.flows B．melts C．freezes D．moves 解析　這里指科學(xué)家們研究動(dòng)植物以及冰層的漂移(move)。flow流動(dòng)；melt融化；freeze結(jié)冰。 答案　D 16．A.show B．tell C．say D．suggest 解析　tell sb about sth告訴某人關(guān)于某事。其他詞不和about搭配。show sb sth/show sth to sb向某人展示某物；suggest sth to sb向某人建議某物。 答案　B 17．A.in B．on C．which D．by 解析　on the phone/by phone用電話交談；在通話。固定搭配。 答案　B 18．A.pleasant B．easy C．hard D．fortable 解析　but表示語(yǔ)義轉(zhuǎn)折，空格處應(yīng)與前面的interesting and beautiful相對(duì)，因此這里應(yīng)填hard。 答案　C 19．A.swimming B．boating C．fishing D．washing 解析　根據(jù)in summer和下面的in hot pools of water推斷出，這里是游泳(swimming)。 答案　A 20．A.life B．visit C．study D．climate 解析　科學(xué)家去南極的目的是搞科學(xué)研究，這里意思是歡迎新人來(lái)南極進(jìn)行進(jìn)一步的研究。 答案　C