2019年高考英語一輪優(yōu)練題 Unit 1 Great Scientists（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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Unit 1 Great Scientists 一、閱讀理解 Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents By David Stabler ISBN 9780062358684 Type: Historical nonfiction In the 20 stories of 20 different U.S. presidents in this book, we learn that our country’s leaders are not so different from us. They, too, were once kids with ordinary problems. They struggled with schoolwork and angered their parents. Dwight Eisenhower dealt with bullies. Bill Clinton struggled with his weight. Barack Obama moved to Indonesia with his mother when he was just a boy, and had to get used to a new culture. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins? By Liz Kessler ISBN 9781444013986 Type: Fantasy Jessica Jenkins always thought she was a regular kid. Then, one day, she gets the surprise of a lifetime—she can bee invisible! With the help of her best friend, Izzy, Jessica goes on a trip to discover the source of her new power. Along the way, she gets caught up in shocking secrets, kidnappings, rescue plans, and a mission to keep this amazing power out of the wrong hands. Spring Garden By Fred Chappell ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry Spring Garden is a collection of poems for spring, including classics by Thomas Nashe, William Shakespeare etc. and contemporary poems by Denis Dunn, Ruth Hill etc. It consists of 85 poems, ranging in length from just a few lines to several hundred. Absolutely Truly By Heather Vogel Frederick ISBN 9781442429727 Type: Mystery Twelve-year-old Truly is moved to Pumpkin Falls, New Hampshire, after her father suffers a terrible helicopter accident. The six-foot-tall Truly struggles to fit into her new surroundings. Then, one day, she uncovers a mysterious letter in a book at her Aunt True’s bookstore. And that’s when the adventure begins. Truly leads her new friends Cha Cha, Romeo, and Lucas on a hunt to uncover the secrets of the small town. Absolutely Truly will appeal to anyone who enjoys mystery books with a bit of sadness and a feel-good ending. 1.Who wrote the story about a girl with superpower? A. Heather Vogel Frederick B. David Stabler C. Liz Kessler D. Fred Chappell 2.The ISBN for the book of poems is ________. A.9781442429727 B.9780807119488 C.9781444013986 D.9780062358684 3.What kind of readers will probably like reading Absolutely Truly? A. Those who are fans of history. B. Those who like realistic stories. C. Those who are searching for a romantic plot. D. Those who enjoy a mixture of mystery, sorrow and happiness. 4.Which of the following books tells real stories? A. Absolutely Truly B. Spring Garden C. Has Anyone Seen Jessica Jenkins? D.Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents 【文章大意】本文介紹了四本不同類型的書。 1.C 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第二部分內(nèi)容可知，該書描述了一位有神奇力量的女孩，該書作者是Liz Kessler，故選C項(xiàng)。 2.B 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。由文章第三部分內(nèi)容“ISBN 9780807119488 Type: Poetry”可知，該書類型是詩歌，其書號是9780807119488，故選B項(xiàng)。 4.D 【解析】細(xì)節(jié)理解題。結(jié)合文章對各本書的簡介可知，Kid Presidents: True Tales of Childhood from America’s Presidents講述的是美國幾位總統(tǒng)的真實(shí)故事，故選D項(xiàng)。 二、單句語法填空 1．Children, when (expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily. 答案：exposed 2．When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, (absorb) in conversation. 答案：absorbed 3．Neither I nor Jane and Mary (be) happy about having one examination after another. We really don’t want to go to school. 答案：are 4．Always read the (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. 答案：instructions 5．(2016四川卷)We’re not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives the poor. 答案：to 6．I drew a (conclude) from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way. 答案：conclusion 7．The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the driver of lorry that should be (blame) for it. 答案：to blame 8．The underground is under (construct) here at present and will be pleted next year. 答案：construction 9．(全國卷Ⅱ)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is put ， we’ll make do with it. 答案：forward 10．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer (handle) the problem. 答案：to handle 三、完形填空。 I am a social worker.I wanted to tell everyone about my very dear friend who passed away a few months ago. I met him many years ago while doing my internship(實(shí)習(xí)期)in the country prison.He was __1__ a program he had designed to help prisoners with drug and alcohol problems.He was always __2__ new ways to bring hope and help to these men and their __3__. One of his favorite __4__ was the Toy Drive.He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners.He did this for twenty years __5__ his sudden death.As last Christmas __6__，I decided that this tradition had to be __7__，for the children as well as the __8__ of my friend. But the file where he kept the names of the people who had been helped by him over the years was __9__.I had to start anew(重新) and with very little __10__！I started making phone calls，explaining about the project and my __11__.I prayed every night that the event would，__12__，be worthy of my friend.To my great __13__，individuals，churches and businesses began to e on board and，__14__，I had enough toys to give to all the children of the prisoners with some left over for the local munity __15__！ When Christmas Eve finally arrived，I felt very happy，thinking I had done all I could do and reflecting on what a(n) __16__ it had been for me.I was bagging up the remaining toys __17__ if there was anyone left who might like them.Then my phone rang. It was my daughter.She __18__ to explain about a woman she knew in Kentucky who had five children，one seriously ill，no husband，no heating in the home，no toys！Oh！How could we not? My daughter and I drove all night，from New York to Kentucky, and those children woke up in a nice warm house with plenty of __19__！ My friends __20__ of kindness lived on that year，reaching all the way to Kentucky! 1．A.recording B．a(chǎn)ttending C．directing D．improving 2．A.putting up with B．ing up with C．keeping up with D．catching up with 3．A.group B．family C．pany D．club 4．A.events B．sports C．hobbies D．games 5．A.after B．since C．because D．until 6．A.arrived B．followed C．a(chǎn)pproached D．finished 7．A.carried out B．lived on C．carried on D．lived out 8．A.benefit B．memory C．pleasure D．favor 9．A.active B．extra C．hiding D．missing 10．A.time B．pressure C．energy D．confidence 11．A.difficulties B．impression C．importance D．a(chǎn)tmosphere 12．A.otherwise B．however C．somehow D．though 13．A.curiosity B．disappointment C．relief D．thought 14．A.eventually B．occasionally C．a(chǎn)bsolutely D．generally 15．A.in particular B．a(chǎn)s well C．once more D．a(chǎn)t first 16．A.honor B．pity C．burden D．discovery 17．A.predicting B．wondering C．evaluating D．realizing 18．A.drove B．came C．returned D．called 19．A.chocolates B．candies C．toys D．flowers 20．A.spirit B．position C．courage D．a(chǎn)ttention 【解題導(dǎo)語】本文主要講述了作者多年前在實(shí)習(xí)期間被朋友幫助他人的精神所感動(dòng)，而在朋友逝世后繼續(xù)朋友的活動(dòng)以使朋友的精神得以延續(xù)的感人故事。 【核心詞匯】file n．文件箱，文件夾　reflect v．反射，仔細(xì)思考　remaining adj.剩余的，留下的 1．C　根據(jù)下文的“He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners”，并與空后的“program”呼應(yīng)可推知，作者的朋友當(dāng)時(shí)負(fù)責(zé)這樣的一個(gè)項(xiàng)目。record“記錄，記載”；attend“參加，出席，到場”；improve“提升”；direct“負(fù)責(zé)，管理”。 2．B　根據(jù)語境可知，此處表示想出辦法。put up with“忍受”；e up with“想出”；keep up with“跟上”；catch up with“趕上”。 3．B　根據(jù)下文的“He would run every Christmas for the children of the prisoners”可推知，作者的朋友不僅幫助那些服刑的人，而且還幫助他們的家人。 4．A　根據(jù)下文的“I started making phone calls, explaining about the project”可推知，此處作者介紹了朋友最喜歡做的活動(dòng)項(xiàng)目，與下文的“I prayed every night that the event would，__12__，be worthy of my friend”呼應(yīng)。event“事件，活動(dòng)”。 5．D　根據(jù)語境可推知，作者的朋友堅(jiān)持了20年，一直做這樣的活動(dòng)，直到最后自己突然離逝。 6．C　根據(jù)語境可知，朋友去世后，在上一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)來臨之際，作者準(zhǔn)備把這個(gè)圣誕傳統(tǒng)繼續(xù)下去，且與下文的“When Christmas Eve finally arrived”呼應(yīng)。approach“臨近”。 7．C　參見上題解析。carry out“實(shí)行”；live on“以……為生”；carry on“繼續(xù)”；live out“不住在工作場所，實(shí)現(xiàn)某事(指曾計(jì)劃或期望的事)”。 8．B　上一個(gè)圣誕節(jié)來臨之際，為了孩子們，也為了朋友的善意行為，作者決定延續(xù)這一傳統(tǒng)。benefit“好處，益處”；memory“記憶”；pleasure“樂趣”；favor“善意的行為”。 9．D　根據(jù)下文的“I had to start anew(重新)and with very little __10__”可推知，之前朋友所幫助過的人的信息都丟失了，作者不得不重新獲取。extra“額外的，另外的”；missing“找不到的，丟失的”。 10．A　根據(jù)上文的“As last Christmas __6__，I decided that this tradition had to be __7__，for the children as well as the __8__ of my friend”可知，圣誕節(jié)馬上來臨了，作者找到朋友幫助過的人的信息的時(shí)間并不多。pressure“壓力”；energy“能量”；confidence“信心”。 11．A　在時(shí)間緊、文件丟失的情況下，作者要繼續(xù)朋友生前的活動(dòng)是困難的。impression“印象”；atmosphere“氣氛”。 12．C　根據(jù)語境可推知，作者每晚祈禱，這樣的活動(dòng)能以某種方式配得上朋友。otherwise“否則，要不然”；somehow“以某種方式”。 13．C　根據(jù)下文的“individuals，churches and businesses began to e on board”可推知，大家都來幫忙，因此作者很寬慰。curiosity“好奇心”；disappointment“失望”；relief“寬慰”。 14．A　根據(jù)下文的“I had enough toys”可推知，作者在大家的幫助下，最終收集到了活動(dòng)所需要的足夠多的玩具。eventually“最終”；occasionally“偶爾，偶然，間或”；absolutely“完全地，絕對地”；generally“總體上來說，大致”。 15．B　根據(jù)上文的“with some left over for the local munity”可推知，作者收集到的玩具不僅夠活動(dòng)本身用，還有剩余。in particular“尤其，特別”；as well“也”；once more“再一次”；at first“開始”。 16．A　根據(jù)上文的“I felt very happy”可推知，作者成功地舉辦了圣誕節(jié)活動(dòng)，感覺能夠?yàn)槭湃サ呐笥炎鲂┲档玫氖率呛艽蟮臉s幸。honor“榮譽(yù)，榮幸”；pity“可惜”；burden“負(fù)擔(dān)”；discovery“發(fā)現(xiàn)”。 17．B　根據(jù)上文的“I was bagging up the remaining toys”，并與本句中的if條件句呼應(yīng)可推知，作者想知道是否有人喜歡剩余的玩具。predict“預(yù)計(jì)”；wonder“想知道”；evaluate“評估”；realize“實(shí)現(xiàn)，意識(shí)到”。 18．D　根據(jù)上文的“Then my phone rang”和“It was my daughter”可知，是作者的女兒打來了電話。 19．C　根據(jù)語境可推知，作者和女兒一路驅(qū)車去很遠(yuǎn)的地方給孩子們送圣誕節(jié)玩具。 20．A　根據(jù)上文可知，作者的朋友已經(jīng)逝世，作者通過把其生前的活動(dòng)繼續(xù)下去，讓這種仁慈的精神繼續(xù)存活。spirit“精神”。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．It doesn’t make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want. 答案：去掉a 2．They are going to have some trees plant this weekend. 答案：plant→planted 3．Only if you return them on time I lend you some books. 答案：在I 前加will 4．He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin. 答案：去掉for 5．The teacher cured him for his bad habits and he made great progress in English. 答案：for→of 五、單元語法——過去分詞作定語和表語 1．(2018河北邯鄲一模)Even today the books (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors. 答案：printed 2．(2018寧夏銀川一中一模)Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry (write) in classical Chinese and typified by certain traditional forms. 答案：written 3．The workers (expose) to the radiation are likely to develop diseases. 答案：exposed 4．The player got (injure) in the last match, so he couldn’t pete in the final. 答案：injured 5．He looked (worry) after reading the letter because his mother was suddenly ill. 答案：worried