高三英語二輪復(fù)習(xí) 第1部分 專題2 閱讀七選五 技法1 依據(jù)“行文邏輯”線索

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技法1| 依據(jù)“行文邏輯”線索 文章由段落組成，層次分明，錯落有致，圍繞中心話題展開。各段、句之間形成一定的語義邏輯關(guān)系，有總分、解釋、例證、并列、層遞、轉(zhuǎn)折、對比、因果關(guān)系等?！捌哌x五”閱讀解題攻略之一就是要理清這些關(guān)系，并據(jù)此選出正確答案。 1．總分關(guān)系 [考題回放] (2014全國卷Ⅱ)From my experience，there are three main reasons why people dont cook more often: ability，money，and time. 16 Money is a topic Ill save for another day.So today I want to give you some wisdom about how to make the most of the time you spend in the kitchen.Here are three tips for great cooking on a tight schedule： B．Ability is easily improved. [思路分析]　空格前面提到了三個原因：ability，money，time?？崭窈竺嫣岬搅薽oney是作者改天再討論的話題，緊接著后面提到了怎樣充分利用time，所以這里應(yīng)該與第一項ability有關(guān)。 2．解釋關(guān)系 [考題回放] (2016四川高考)One important biological factor that helps women live longer is the difference in hormones between men and women. 37 Between the ages of about 12 and 50，women produce hormones that are involved in fertility(生育能力)．These hormones also have a positive effect on the heart and the blood flow.In fact，women are less likely to have high blood pressure or to die from heart attacks. G．Hormones are chemicals which are produced by the body to control various body functions. [思路分析]　空格前首次提到了荷爾蒙，空格后介紹的是荷爾蒙的功能，由此可推測該空應(yīng)該是對hormones進(jìn)行解釋。 3．例證關(guān)系 [考題回放] (2015北京高考)But daydreamers are also responsible for some of the greatest ideas and achievements in human history. 72 Can you imagine what kind of world we would have without such ideas and inventions? C．Without wandering minds，we wouldnt have relativity，Coke or Post－it notes. [思路分析]　選項中的relativity，Coke or Post－it notes與前句的the greatest ideas and achievements 和后句的such ideas and inventions為對應(yīng)關(guān)系，而且是具體的實例，應(yīng)屬于例證關(guān)系。 4．并列關(guān)系 [考題回放1] (2016全國甲卷)Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants，flowers，patterns and masses of color.Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料)． 18 ．However，there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden.One of them comes from our earliest years. E．Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants [思路分析]　由本段中的Some people may think...和Others are concerned about ...可知此處表達(dá)的是人們種植花園的不同原因，而E項中的Still others may simply enjoy與上文銜接自然，屬于并列關(guān)系。 [考題回放2] (2015北京高考)Daydreaming means people think about something pleasant，especially when this makes them forget what they should be doing.Daydreamers have a bad reputation for being unaware of whats happening around them.They can seem forgetful and clumsy. 71 They annoy us because they seem to be ignoring us and missing the important things. B．They stare off into space and wander by themselves. [思路分析]　空格前的一句和空格后的一句都是空想家的外在表現(xiàn)，主語都是they，故推斷空格中的主語很有可能也是they，再根據(jù)句意可判定選B，三句話為并列關(guān)系。 5．層遞關(guān)系 [考題回放] (2015全國卷Ⅱ)Training for a marathon requires careful preparation and steady，gradual increases in the length of the runs.16.Before you begin your training，buy the best－fitting，best－built running shoes you can find.No one can say which brand will work best for you or feel best on your feet，so you have to rely on your experience and on the feel of each pair as you shop.When you have found shoes that seem right，walk in them for a few days to double－check the fit. 17 ．As always，you should stretch (伸展) at least ten minutes before each run to prevent injuries. E．If they still feel good，you can begin running in them [思路分析]　根據(jù)空格后的句中的before each run可判定空格內(nèi)的句子和run有關(guān)系，空格前的句子說的是“當(dāng)你發(fā)現(xiàn)似乎合適的鞋子時，穿著走動幾天，再次檢查其舒適度”，然后進(jìn)一步說“如果感覺舒服的話，可以開始跑步”，屬于層遞關(guān)系。 6．轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系 [考題回放] (2016四川高考)Both men and women are living longer these days in industrialized countries. 36 In general，they can expect to live six or seven years more than men.One reason for this is biological. A．However，women，on average，live longer. [思路分析]　空格前說“如今在工業(yè)化國家男人和女人壽命都更長”，而空格后說“大致來說，她們比男人能多活六七年”，根據(jù)邏輯推斷，空格處應(yīng)該選A項“但平均而言，女人壽命更長”與前文形成轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系。 7．對比關(guān)系 [考題回放] (2016全國甲卷)Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood.Grandmas rose garden and Dads vegetable garden might be good or bad，but thats not whats important. 19 —how being in those gardens made us feel.If youd like to build a powerful bond with your garden，start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth.20.For each of those gardens，write down the strongest memory you have. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown－up garden.Have fun. C．Its our experience of the garden that matters [思路分析]　空格前說“但那一點不重要”，由此可推測空格處會指出什么才是重要的來進(jìn)行對比，故選C項“我們做園藝工作的體驗才是重要的”。 8．因果關(guān)系 [考題回放1] (2016全國丙卷)38.When buying fish，you should first smell it.Fresh fish should smell sweet: you should feel that youre standing at the oceans edge.Any fishy or strong smell means the fish isnt fresh. 39 When you have bought a fish and arrive home，youd better store the fish in the refrigerator if you dont cook it immediately，but fresh fish should be stored in your fridge for only a day or two.Frozen fish isnt as tasty as the fresh one. A．Do not buy it. [思路分析]　空格前說“任何魚腥味或濃烈的臭味都說明這魚不新鮮”，因此，空格內(nèi)的句子“這樣的魚不能買”與前句形成因果關(guān)系。 [考題回放2] (2015全國卷Ⅰ)Unfortunately，weve all been victims of betrayal.Whether weve been stolen from，lied to，misled，or cheated on，there are different levels of losing trust.Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore. 37 Its understandable，but if youre willing to build trust in a relationship again，we have some steps you can take to get you there. E．Theyve been too badly hurt and they cant bear to let it happen again. [思路分析]　E項“他們曾經(jīng)受過嚴(yán)重傷害，不能容忍這種事情再次發(fā)生”是上句Sometimes people simply cant trust anymore.(有時候人們就是不能再信任別人。)的原因。