高中英語 Unit3《Life in the future》知識點學案 新人教版必修5

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111 高中英語 Unit3《Life in the future》知識點學案 新人教版必修5 Ⅰ.重點單詞聚焦 1．The girl made a great________(印象) on her neighbours and they spoke highly of her. 答案：　impression 2．They had to give up the project in the end because of a________(缺少) of money. 答案：　lack 3．Please________(系牢) the dog to that tree，or it may hurt others. 答案：　fasten 4．He couldn’t________(容忍) the noise downtown so he decided to move to the countryside. 答案：　tolerate 5．As the________(代表) of the workers，Mr Smith gave a speech at the meeting. 答案：　representative 6．The manager gave him all the________(材料) he needed to carry out the construction. 答案：　materials 7．Although he often faces many difficulties，the young man is in an________(樂觀的) mood. 答案：　optimistic 8．Dealing with people is the most important________(方面) of my daily work. 答案：　aspect 9．Tell the boy to ________(轉(zhuǎn)換) off all lights as he leaves the room，to save electricity. 答案：　switch 10．He________(經(jīng)常) consults the professor when meeting with difficulty. 答案：　constantly Ⅱ.重點短語掃描 1．take up　　　　　　　 拿起；接受；開始；繼續(xù) 2．lose sight of...　　　 看不見…… 3．speed up 加速 4．show sb. around 領(lǐng)某人參觀 5．in no time 立刻 6．be back on one’s feet (困境后)恢復；完全復原 7．sweep up 打掃；橫掃 8．under repair 　　 在修建中 9．blame sb.for　　　 因……而責怪某人 10．be similar to　　　 與……相似 Ⅲ.課文原句突破 1．因為擔心這次旅行，頭幾天我感到心緒不寧。 ________ ________ ________ ________，I was unsettled for the first few days. 答案：　Worried about the journey 2．空氣似乎很稀薄，好像在混合的氣體中剩下的氧氣很少。 The air seemed thin，________ ________its combination of gases had little oxygen left. 答案：　as though 3．由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。 ________by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 答案：　Hit 4．噢，現(xiàn)在有個系統(tǒng)利用生態(tài)學原理處理廢物。 Well，now there’s________ ________ ________ the waste is disposed of using the principles of ecology. 答案：　a system where 5．但是，當我們到達一個看上去像是大市場的地方時，由于車輛朝四面八方飛奔，我看不見王平了。 However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached________ ________ ________ a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 答案：　what looked like 6．我感到累極了，爬上床很快睡著了。 ________，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 答案：　Exhausted lack v．& n．缺乏；缺少的東西 教材原句P18：Hit by a lack of fresh air，my head ached. 由于缺乏新鮮空氣，我感到頭痛。 ①As he is very rich he lacks for nothing. 他很富有，什么都不缺。 ②Do you want to make more friends but lack the confidence to talk to people you don’t know? 你是否想交更多的朋友，但缺乏信心和陌生人交談？ ③Though lacking money，his parents managed to send him to university.盡管缺錢，他的父母設(shè)法送他上大學。 ④Many small plants in that country closed down for lack of fuel. 由于燃料不足，那個國家很多小工廠都關(guān)閉了。 1.(2010·福建卷)More and more high-rise building have been built in big cities________space. A．in search of　　　 B．in place of C．for lack of　　　 D．for fear of 解析：　句意為：因缺少空間，在大城市里，越來越多的高樓拔地而起。本題考查介詞短語辨析。A項意為“搜尋”；B項意為“代替”；C項意為“因缺乏”；D項意為“以防”。 答案：　C tolerate vt.容忍；忍受 教材原句P18：At first my new surroundings were difficult to tolerate.一開始，新的環(huán)境很難忍受。 ①The school can’t tolerate cheating in exams 學校絕不容許考試舞弊。 ②I won’t tolerate your bad manners any longer. 我再也不能忍受你那惡劣的態(tài)度了。 ③I can put up with many things，but not with people who steal. 我能容忍很多事情，但決不容忍小偷小摸的事情。 ④I can’t stand people interrupting me all the time. 我不能容忍老有人打岔。 2.完成句子 事實上，一個人的容忍是有限度的。 As a matter of fact，there is______________what one person can________. 答案：　a limit to；tolerate instant n．瞬間；片刻；adj.立即的；立刻的 教材原句P22：You place the metal band over your head，clear your mind，press the sending button，think your message and the next instant it’s sent. 你把金屬箍戴到頭上，整理思緒，按下發(fā)送鍵，集中精神想你要發(fā)送的信息，片刻信息就已經(jīng)發(fā)送出去了。 for an instant一瞬間 in an instant立即；馬上 on the instant立即；立刻；馬上 the instant (that)/immediately/directly一……就 ①His new book became an instant success. 他的新書立即成為暢銷書。 ②The wounded are in instant need of help. 那些傷員急需救助。 ③I couldn’t answer the question for an instant. 我一時回答不出這個問題。 ④The instant (that) I reached the platform the train began to move.我一到站臺，火車就開動了。 ⑤But，in an instant，everything passes，everything becomes history 然而轉(zhuǎn)瞬之間，一切都已經(jīng)過去，一切都變成了歷史。 3.完成句子 使我非常吃驚的是，她一讀到這封信就突然哭起來。 Much to my surprise，she______________________________she read the letter. 答案：　burst into tears the instant lose sight of看不見 教材原句P18：However，I lost sight of Wang Ping when we reached what looked like a large market because of too many carriages flying by in all directions. 但是，當我們到達一個看上去像是大市場的地方時，王平不見了，因為很多汽墊車都四面八方地從身邊飛奔。 ①I felt very frightened，for I lost sight of my mother in the crowd. 我感到非常害怕，因為在人群中沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)我的媽媽。 ②We must never lose sight of the fact that man must live in harmony with nature. 我們永遠也不能忽視這個事實：人類必須與自然和諧相處。 ③At the sight of his mother，he cried with excitement. 一看到母親，他激動地大哭起來。 ④I caught sight of her hurrying away but I didn’t try to speak to her.我看見她匆忙走開，但我沒想跟她講話。 ⑤The train was soon out of sight. 那火車很快就看不見了。 4.用sight的短語填空： (1)At last the famous tower____________________________. (2)The driver____________________the car he was following. (3)____________________，their demands seemed reasonable. 答案：　(1)come into sight　(2)lost sight of　(3)At first sight take up占有(時間/空間)；繼續(xù)；開始；接受；拿起 教材原句P17：I still cannot believe that I am taking up this prize that I won last year. 我仍然不能相信我是在接受去年獲得的這個獎勵。 ①I’m sorry to have taken up so much of your time. 很抱歉占用了你這么多的時間。 ②We encourage each student to take up a new sport or to try a new form of exercise.我們鼓勵每一位學生參加一項新的體育運動或者嘗試一種新形式的鍛煉。 ③Let’s take up the text where we finished yesterday. 我們從昨天停下的地方繼續(xù)學課文。 take over接管，控制，占據(jù) take back取回；把(某人)帶回；把……退貨；取消 take for當作；誤認為 take in收留，收容(某人)；包括；包含 take off脫掉；模仿；起飛；成名 take on雇用；聘用；開始呈現(xiàn) ⑤I’m sorry.I take back what I said just now. 對不起，我收回剛才說過的話。 ⑥In the past few years，our school has taken on a new look. 在過去的幾年，我們學校呈現(xiàn)出了新面貌。 5.After he retired from office，Royers________painting for a while，but soon lost interest. A．took up　　　 B．saved up C．kept up　　　 D．drew up 解析：　由后置語境but soon lost interest可知空白處應表示“對……產(chǎn)生興趣”，take up可以表示“對……產(chǎn)生興趣”，故A項符合語境。save up表示“儲蓄”；keep up表示“使……不掉下來”；draw up表示“起草，擬訂”。 答案：　A 6．Helen always helps her mother even though going to school _______ most of her day. A．takes up　　　 B．makes up C．saves up　　　 D．puts up 解析：　考查動詞短語辨析。take up意為“占用 (時間、空間)”；make up意為“編制；捏造；化妝；彌補”；save up意為“節(jié)省”；put up意為“舉起；張貼”。結(jié)合句意“海倫總是幫助她的母親，盡管上學占去了她大部分的時間”，可知A項正確。 答案：　A 7．We tried to find a table for seven，but they were all________. A．given away　　　 B．kept away C．taken up　　　 D．used up 解析：　句意為：我們想找一張7個人坐的桌子，但桌子全都有人了。give away出賣，贈送；keep away遠離；take up占據(jù)；use up用光。 答案：　C speed up加速 教材原句P20：When we wanted the hovering carriage to speed up we pressed down hard on the driving pedal and bent over in the direction we were flying.當我們想讓汽墊車加速時，我們向下壓踏板使它彎向我們飛行的方向。 slow down減速 at a speed of...以……的速度 at high/low speed以高速/低速 pick up speed逐漸加快速度 ①We’d better speed up if we want to be in time for the film. 如果我們想及時看電影，最好要加快速度。 ②Plenty of fresh air and exercise will speed up his recovery. 充足的新鮮空氣和體育鍛煉將加速他的康復。 ③Once outside the station，the train began to pick up speed. 一出車站，火車就開始加速。 ④You should slow down while crossing the road. 在過馬路時你應該減速。 ⑤The police car is running at a speed of 100 miles per hour to chase after the truck ahead of it. 警車以每小時一百英里的速度追趕前面那輛卡車。 8.In order to meet the demands they had to________production. A．fasten up　　　 B．rise up C．speed up　　　 D．go up 解析：　speed up加速。句意為：為了滿足需求，他們不得不加快了生產(chǎn)速度。 答案：　C Exhausted，I slid into bed and fell fast asleep. 我感到累極了，爬上床很快就睡著了。 exhausted為形容詞在句中作伴隨狀語。 ①He spent seven days in the wind and snow，cold and hungry. 他又冷又餓地在風雪中過了7天。 ②For a moment she just stood there，unable to believe what had just happened.她在那兒呆呆地站了一會兒，簡直不能相信剛才發(fā)生的事。 ③He lay on the bed，awake.他躺在床上，醒著。 ④The boy lay，relaxed on the sofa. 小男孩放松地躺在沙發(fā)上。 9.After the long journey，the three of them went back home，________. A．hungry and tiredly　　　 B．hungry and tired C．hungrily and tiredly　　　 D．hungrily and tired 解析：　句意為：長途旅游后，他們?nèi)齻€回到了家，又餓又累。本題考查形容詞作狀語，表示伴隨或結(jié)果。 答案：　B Ⅰ.選詞填空 take up；lose sight of；sweep up；slide into；speed up；be back on one’s feet；be similar to；in no time 1．With ten hungry men around the table，the food disappeared________________. 答案：　in no time 2．The man stood at the bank waving to his friends until he________________their boat. 答案：　lost sight of 3．The boy________________his bedroom without being seen by his parents. 答案：　slid into 4．Bob’s wife insisted that he should buy her a bag which ________________ her friend’s. 答案：　was similar to 5．The thief ________________ when he realized that he was being followed by a police car. 答案：　sped up 6．Before moving into his new apartment，Peter had it ____________. 答案：　swept up 7．Tom thought carefully for several days and decided to ________________ the job offer. 答案：　take up 8．After his operation，the old man ____________ __________again. 答案：　was back on his feet Ⅱ.巧思妙解 1．When it was his turn to deliver his speech，________，he walked towards the microphone. A．nervously and embarrassingly B．nervous and embarrassedly C．nervously and embarrassing D．nervous and embarrassed 解析：　該題考查形容詞作狀語。形容詞一般作定語，但也可作狀語。如：He lay in bed，awake.再如：Her husband came back，drunk. 答案：　D 2．________and happy，Tony stood up and accepted the prize. A．Surprising　　　 B．Surprised C．Being surprised　　　 D．To be surprising 解析：　此題考查形容詞作伴隨狀語，描述其主語所處的狀態(tài)。 答案：　B 3．After his journey from abroad，Richard Jones returned home，__________. A．exhausting　　　 B．exhausted C．being exhausted　　　 D．having exhausted 解析：　形容詞exhausted意為“ (感到)精疲力竭的”，在此處作狀語，說明主語的特征；exhausting意為“令人精疲力竭的”，常指事物；being exhausted僅能作狀語，表示原因，此處與語境不符。 答案：　B 4．—Why did John ask me about the problem? —________，he tried to find a better way to settle it. A．Not to be satisfied　　　 B．Not satisfied C．Not being satisfied　　　 D．Don’t satisfy 解析：　過去分詞作原因狀語，not satisfied相當于because he was not satisfied。A項，表目的；C項，強調(diào)動作，此處表狀態(tài)；D項，不符合句子結(jié)構(gòu)。 答案：　B Ⅲ.語法專練 本單元語法——過去分詞作狀語 1．________by the growing interest in nature，more and more people enjoy outdoor sports. A．Influenced　　　 B．Influencing C．Having influenced　　 D．To be influenced 解析：　考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞的解題關(guān)鍵是找準其邏輯主語。在本題中，influence的邏輯主語是more and more people，它們之間是動賓關(guān)系，所以用過去分詞形式。D項表示將來，不符合語意 答案：　A 2．________by the beauty of its buildings on their previous visit，they decided to visit the small old town again. A．Struck　　　 B．To be struck C．Having struck　　　 D．Being struck 解析：　strike與其邏輯主語they之間為動賓關(guān)系，故應用動詞的過去分詞形式作狀語。 答案：　A 3．(2011·東城檢測)________in a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games，the little girl Lin Miaoke won the hearts of the people all over the world. A．Dressed　　　 B．Worn C．Dressing　　　 D．Wearing 解析：　考查非謂語動詞。前半句是非謂語動詞短語作狀語，dressed in表示狀態(tài)。假如使用wear，應該是wearing a red skirt in the opening ceremony of the 2008 Olympic Games。 答案：　A 4．________with so much trouble，we failed to complete the task on time. A．Faced　　　 B．Face C．Facing　　　 D．To face 解析：　face with常用被動語態(tài)：使面對(問題、不愉快局面等)，使面臨。如：You are faced with a choice.你面臨抉擇。 答案：　A 5．________from Milan Trenc’s novel，the film Night at the Museum brings to life a world where dinosaurs wander the earth. A．Adapted　　　 B．Adapting C．Having adapted　　　 D．To be adapted 解析：　考查非謂語動詞。非謂語動詞類試題的解題關(guān)鍵在于找到邏輯主語，然后判斷謂語與邏輯主語的關(guān)系。此處邏輯主語是the film，與adapt from構(gòu)成被動，所以用它的過去分詞形式adapted from，表示“改編自……”。 答案：　A 111