英語數(shù)字表達(dá)方式大全.doc
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英 語 數(shù) 字 表 達(dá) 方 式 大 全 0 nought;zero; 1 one 2 two 3 three 4 four 5 five 6 six 7 seven 8 eight 9 nine 10 ten 11 eleven 12 twelve 13 thirteen 14 fourteen 15 fifteen 16 sixteen 17 seventeen 18 eighteen 19 nineteen 20 twenty 21 twenty-one 22 twenty-two 23 twenty-three 30 thirty 32 thirty-two 40 forty 50 fifty 60 sixty 70 seventy 80 eighty 90 ninety 100 one hundred 101 one hundred and one 156 one hundred and fifty-six 192 one hundred and ninty-two 200 two hundred 300 three hundred 400 four hundred 500 five hundred 600 six hundred 700 seven hundred 800 eight hundred 900 nine hundred 1,000 one thousand 1,001 one thousand and one 1,300 thirteen hundred;one thousand and three hundred 2,000 two thousand 2,034 two thousand and thirty-four 6,502 six thousand five hundred and two 38,000 thirty-eight thousand 45,672 forty-five thousand six hundred and seventy-two 500,000 five hundred thousand 1,000,000 one million 3,123,400 three million,one hundred and twenty-three thousand and four hundred 8,000,000 eight million 47,000,000 forty-seven million 900,000,000 nine hundred million 1,000,000,000 a milliard,one milliard(美作:a billion,one billion) 1,050,000,000 one billion and fifty million 10,000,000,000 ten billion 200,000,000,000 two hundred billion 1,000,000,000,000 a billion,one billion(美作:a trillion,one trillion) 6,000,000,000,000 six million million 序數(shù)詞 first第一 second第二 third第三 fourth第四 fifth第五 sixth第六 seventh第七 eighth第八 ninth第九 tenth第十 eleventh第十一 twelfth第十二 thirteenth第十三 fourteenth第十四 fifteenth第十五 sixteenth第十六 seventeenth第十七 eighteenth第十八 nineteenth第十九 twentieth第二十 twenty-first第二十一 twenty-second第二十二 twenty-third第二十三 thirtieth第三十 thirty-first第三十一 fortieth第四十 fiftieth第五十 sixtieth第六十 seventieth第七十 eightieth第八十 ninetieth第九十 (one)hundredth第一百 (one)hundred and first第一百零一 hundred and thirty-fourth第一百三十四 two-hundredth 第二百 three-hundredth 第三百 four-hundredth 第四百 five-hundredth 第五百 six-hundredth 第六百 seven-hundredth 第七百 eight-hundredth 第八百 nine-hundredth 第九百 (one)thousandth 第一千 thousand and first 第一千零一 two thousand and thirty-fourth 第二千零三十四 ten thousandth 第一萬 (one)millionth 第一百萬(美作:billionth) billionth 第十億(美作:trillionth) 分?jǐn)?shù) 1/2 : one-half;a half 1/3 : one-third 3/4 : three-fourths 1/5 : one-fifth 2/5 : two-fifths 7/8 : seven-eighths 1/10 : one-tenth;a tenth 1/100 : one-hundredth;one per cent 1/1000 : one-thousandth 1/10000 : one ten-thousandth 2‘ 1/2:two and one half;two and a half 4’ 2/3:four and two-thirds 100% : one hundred per cent 0.5% : point five per cent 0.46% : point four six per cent 2.05 : two point nought five;two point O five 6.003 : six point nought nought three;six point O O three 78.12 : seventy-eight point one two 119 : one one nine 120 : one two oh 688 : six double-eight 5337 : five double-three seven 6512 : six five one two 97868 : nine seven eight six eight 893493 : eight nine three four nine three 737964 : seven three seven nine six four 62374881 : six two three seven four double-eight one 1840 eighteen forty 1900 nineteen hundred 1992 nineteen ninety-two 數(shù)字表達(dá)類基本要求 一、數(shù)字表達(dá)類(Numbers) 研究生入學(xué)考試聽力試題中第一部分為填充表格,其中很大一部分是根據(jù)所聽內(nèi)容填寫諸如數(shù)字、時(shí)間和地點(diǎn)等具體信息。而數(shù)字、時(shí)間等信息正是中國考生最不容易聽清楚的。下面我們將數(shù)字、時(shí)間等英語語言信息的日常表達(dá)方法介紹給大家: 1.英語中純數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法 小數(shù)和分?jǐn)?shù): 0.17 zero point one seven / point seventeen / zero point seventeen 1/2 one half 1/3 one /a third 3/4 three fourths 7'2/ 5seven and two fifths 大于100的數(shù)字: 101 one hundred (and ) one 200 two hundred 998 nine hundred ( and ) ninety'eight 在英語中上面括弧中的and一般不能省略;而在美國英語中卻往往省去。請(qǐng)分析下面的對(duì)話: A:How many people are present in the party last night? B: That‘s nine hundred and ninety-eight, exactly. A: Woo, you must be joking. How can you get such an accurate number? B: Ha, ha…… surely I am joking. You silly goose. 大于1000的數(shù)字: 1001 a/one thousand (and) one 2232 two thousand two hundred (and) thirty'two 900,732,266,043 nine hundred billion seven hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three 英語中一千以上數(shù)字的表達(dá)方法是以三位數(shù)為單元,從高到低billion,million,thousand而依次讀出的。因此我們?cè)诼爼r(shí),可以三位數(shù)三位數(shù)地記錄。試比較下面的對(duì)話: A:Can you tell me exactly the numbers of the whole people in our country? B:One billion four hundred thirty'two million two hundred sixty'six thousand and forty three. A:Thank you very much. 2.英語中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法 英語中時(shí)間的表達(dá)方法主要有直接法和借用介詞法等。 ?。?)直接法。 上午八點(diǎn)eight AM (a.m.)[ei em] 下午九點(diǎn)nine PM (p.m.)[pi:em] 六點(diǎn)六分six six 六點(diǎn)三十二six thirty two 八點(diǎn)正eight o'clock ?。?)借用介詞法。 八點(diǎn)四十五a quarter to nine 七點(diǎn)零五分five past seven 七點(diǎn)五十四six to eight 六點(diǎn)半half past six ?。?)表示正點(diǎn)的用法。 十一點(diǎn)正at 11 o'clock sharp at 11 o'clock on the hour at 11 o'clock on the strike 正午12點(diǎn)at noon 午夜12點(diǎn)at midnight ?。ㄗⅲ?2點(diǎn)22分可讀作:twelve twenty-two: twenty-two past twelve(英式說法);twenty-two after twelve(美式說法) 1點(diǎn)15可讀作:one fifteen; a quarter past one(英式說法):a quarter after one(美英說法) 8點(diǎn)50分可讀作:eight fifty; ten to nine(英式說法);ten before nine(美式說法) 1點(diǎn)40分可讀作:one forty; twenty to two(英式說法);twenty before two(美式說法) “提前半小時(shí)”可用:half an hour early; thirty minutes early; early by half an hour; half an hour ahead of time; half an hour ahead of schedule等來表示。) 時(shí)間表示法和時(shí)段的簡單運(yùn)算是聽力考試的熱點(diǎn),請(qǐng)看下面的對(duì)話: W: How long does the class usually last? M: Umm, let me think. It starts from a quarter to nine, and ends at nine thirty. So…… W: That is forty'five minutes. Thank you very much! Q: When does the class usually start? 3.英語中貨幣的表達(dá)方法 英國貨幣:penny(便士)/pence (penny的復(fù)數(shù)),pound (£) £20.50:twenty pounds fifty pence,也可以簡單地寫作:twenty fifty 美國貨幣: 1美元鈔票a S|1.0 bill 1 dollar=100 cents (S|1.00=one dollar) ?。⊿|2.00=two dollars) 25美分1 quarter 10美分1 dime 5美元1 nickel 1美分1 penny S|15.95:fifteen dollars ninety-five cents,或fifteen ninety-five. (注:表示正常價(jià)格: regular price, normal price. 表示價(jià)格劃算:a good buy, a better buy, an excellent price, a good price/ bargain. 表示價(jià)格較貴:dear, expensive, more expensive, steep. 表示價(jià)格便宜:cheap, inexpensive, bargain price, less expensive. 表示減價(jià)出售:sale price, on sale, garage sale, Christmas sale, special price. 詞組:discount, half, double, cut off, knock off, twice as much as ,cross off, etc.) 4.英語中關(guān)于數(shù)字及其計(jì)算的聽力考點(diǎn) ?。?)數(shù)字辨別: 有關(guān)數(shù)字辨別的一個(gè)關(guān)鍵考點(diǎn)就是類似30/13,40/14,50/15,60/16的聽音,看大家能否聽出其發(fā)音區(qū)別。聽力理解中難以分辨的基數(shù)詞主要有以下幾對(duì): thirteen與thirty; fourteen與forty; fifteen與fifty; sixteen與sixty; seventeen與seventy;eighteen與eighty; nineteen與ninety,在英文中這幾對(duì)數(shù)詞叫做teens and tens(十幾與幾十)。 不管加減還是乘除,這類題中至少會(huì)出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)數(shù)字,你的任務(wù)就是迅速地判斷這兩者的關(guān)系,然后根據(jù)聽音再確定正確選項(xiàng)。 ?。?)加減法計(jì)算: 在需要簡單的加減法計(jì)算的題型中,對(duì)話中至少出現(xiàn)兩個(gè)數(shù)字,它們之間的關(guān)系往往用“多少”、“遲早”、“快慢”、“前后”的形容詞、副詞或介詞短語等來表達(dá)。還要注意一些能夠表示數(shù)的存在或引起數(shù)的變化的動(dòng)詞,這些動(dòng)詞也能確定數(shù)字之間的加減關(guān)系,例如: be, have, start, begin, spend, miss, leave, postpone, prolong, increase, add, borrow, lend, loan, delay, save, go up, go down, rate, at x% off the price等。 大家還應(yīng)該記住下面這些表示加減關(guān)系的詞: more(多),less(少),late(晚),early(早),fast(快),slow(慢),before(前),after(后),add/addition(加上),plus(加上),subtract/ subtraction(減去),minus(減去) Dialogue 1: M: This black bag is 2.00 and that blue one is a dollar more. W: The red one is twice as much as the blue one. Q: How much are two red bags? A.S|4.00B.S|6.00 C.S|8.00D.S|12.00 這道題從選擇項(xiàng)上來看非常簡單,因?yàn)閿?shù)字不大,所以乍一看選擇項(xiàng)有可能放松警惕,而實(shí)際上,這道貌似簡單的題,中間卻暗含著陷阱。因?yàn)樵闹刑岬絙lack、blue、red三個(gè)顏色的bag,最后提問的是紅色書包的價(jià)格,包含了一個(gè)加法和乘法運(yùn)算。如果大家在聽的時(shí)候沒記好,又沒有好筆記,就很容易出錯(cuò)。因此,在聽力答題中要保持一個(gè)清醒的頭腦,穩(wěn)扎穩(wěn)打是成功的重要保證。 Dialogue 2: W: Three hours ago, I saw Bob at a meeting. Is he home yet? M: No. He said he would be back at four and it's six already. Question: What time did the woman see Bob? A??2∶00 B??3∶00 C??5∶00 D??6∶00 在這個(gè)例子中,見到Bob的具體時(shí)間必須依據(jù)現(xiàn)在的時(shí)間推斷出?,F(xiàn)在時(shí)間是6點(diǎn)鐘,而說話人是在三小時(shí)之前見到Bob的,因而那時(shí)的時(shí)間約是3點(diǎn)鐘。正確的選項(xiàng)是B. Dialogue 3: M:Which coat did you finally decide to buy? W: Well, I would like to buy the green one, but it was S|85.00, so I bought the pink one instead, and save S|35.00. Question: How much did the woman pay for the coat? A'60 B??75 C??90 D??50 原對(duì)話中并未直接給出說話人所購買的衣服的價(jià)錢,但可以通過其他信息推算出來?;疑路?5元,而買棕色的可以節(jié)省35元,即棕色的衣服是50元。應(yīng)選D. Dialogue 4: W.How many people showed up for the meeting yesterday, thirty? M:Twenty-five are expected to come, but the number was double that. Question: What's the actual number of people who attended the meeting? A'20 B'35 C'35 D'50 此題中的運(yùn)算關(guān)系由double一詞體現(xiàn)出來,即雙倍的。原來預(yù)計(jì)有25人到場,實(shí)際上是原先的兩倍,因而正確的選項(xiàng)是D. 英語數(shù)字的正確表達(dá) 在漢英筆譯和英語寫作中,經(jīng)常會(huì)遇到數(shù)字;哪些場合用單詞表示,哪些場合用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字表示,往往使人難以確定,現(xiàn)行語法書中也極少涉及此類問題。 實(shí)際上,以英語為母語的國家,在書寫數(shù)字時(shí)已形成幾條約定俗成的規(guī)則,現(xiàn)總結(jié)如下供讀者參考。 一. 英美等國的出版社在排版時(shí)遵循一條原則,即1至10用單詞表示,10以上的數(shù)目用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字(也有的以100為界限),這條原則值得我們行文時(shí)借鑒。 Eg. That table measures ten feet by five. 那個(gè)工作臺(tái)長10英尺,寬5英尺。 Eg. The traditional pattern of classroom experience at the college level brings the professor and a group of 20 to 30 students together for a 45-to-50-minute class session two or three times a week. 由一個(gè)教授和十名學(xué)生每周會(huì)晤兩三次,每次授課時(shí)間45到50分鐘,是大學(xué)程度課堂教學(xué)的傳統(tǒng)方式。 二. 人數(shù)用阿技伯?dāng)?shù)字表示顯得更簡潔明了,但不定數(shù)量、近似值用單詞表示較恰當(dāng)。 Eg. There are 203817 voters on the electoral rolls. 選舉名單上有203817個(gè)投票人。 Eg. Nearly thirty thousand voters took part in this election. 近3萬個(gè)投票人參加了這次選舉。 三. 遇到日期、百分比、帶單位的特殊數(shù)字,通常用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。 Eg. Maximum swivel of table is l20. 工作臺(tái)的最大回轉(zhuǎn)角度是120度。 Eg. 3rd March l991或3 March l991; a discount of 5 percent(5%的折扣); Eg. purchased 7 yards of carpet(買7碼地毯); Eg. ordered 2 pounds of minced steak(訂購2磅剁碎的肉)。 如果涉及的數(shù)目和單位是不定數(shù),可用單詞表示。 Eg. about five miles per hour(每小時(shí)大約5英里) Eg. at least ten yards away(至少有10碼遠(yuǎn)) Eg. hesitated for a moment or two(猶豫了片刻) Eg. I have warned you a hundred times(我已經(jīng)警告你多少遍了)。 四. 在科技文章中,數(shù)字頻繁出現(xiàn),用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字比用單詞陳述更有利。 Eg. The new engine has a capacity of 4.3 litres and a power out-put of 153 kilowatts at 4400 revolutions per minute. 這臺(tái)新發(fā)動(dòng)機(jī)的容積為4.3升,轉(zhuǎn)速為每分鐘4400轉(zhuǎn)時(shí)輸出功率是153千瓦。 Eg. We know that the weight of a cubic foot of air at 0oC and 76cm,pressure is 0.08l pound, or 12 cubic feet of air weigh a pound. 我們知道,1立方英尺的空氣在0攝氏度和760毫米汞柱壓力下,重量是0.81磅,也就是說12立方英尺空氣的重量是1磅。 五. 句首不用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,句末要盡量避免用阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。 Eg. 4th July is an important date in American history. 應(yīng)該寫成The fourth of July... Eg. 19 couples took part in the ballroom dancing competition. 19對(duì)選手參加了交際舞比賽。 應(yīng)改寫成:Nineteen couples took... Eg. 60%profit was a reported. 據(jù)報(bào)道有60%的利潤。 應(yīng)改寫成:Sixty per cent profit… Eg. 1345 kilograms force was applied at the center point of the bar. 試驗(yàn)時(shí)在桿的中點(diǎn)加1345公斤力。 可改成When tested, a force of l345 kg was applied... 六. 遇到分?jǐn)?shù),可用帶連字符號(hào)的單詞表示。 Eg. At 1east two-thirds of the classhave had colds. 這個(gè)班至少有三分之二的學(xué)生患重感冒。 Eg. Nitrogen forms about four-fifths of the atmosphere. 氮約占大氣的五分之四。 Some content above and below overlap. But it doesn't matter. Please go over them. 數(shù) 詞:主要分為基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞兩類。 一、 數(shù)詞的分類 1. 基數(shù)詞 表示數(shù)目的詞稱為基數(shù)詞。其形式如下: A.從1——10 one,two,three,four,five,six,seven,eight,nine,ten. B.從 11——19 eleven,twelve, thirteen, fourteen, fifteen, sixteen, seventeen,eighteen, nineteen. 這里除 eleven, twelve, thirteen, fifteen, eighteen為特殊形式外,fourteen,sixteen,seventeen,nineteen都是由其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-teen構(gòu)成。 C.從 21——99 整數(shù)幾十中除twenty,thirty, forty,fifty,eighty為特殊形式外,sixty,seventy,ninety都是其個(gè)位數(shù)形式后添加后綴-ty構(gòu)成。表示幾十幾時(shí),在幾十和個(gè)位基數(shù)詞形式之間添加連字符“-” 21 twenty-one 76 seventy-six D.百位數(shù) 個(gè)數(shù)基數(shù)詞形式加“hundred”,表示幾百,在幾十幾與百位間加上and. 101 a hundred and one 320 three hundred and twenty 648 six hundred and forty-eight E.千位數(shù)以上 從數(shù)字的右端向左端數(shù)起,每三位數(shù)加一個(gè)逗號(hào)“,”。從右開始,第一個(gè)“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 thousand,第二個(gè)“,”前面的數(shù)字后添加 million,第三個(gè)“,”前的數(shù)字后添加 billion。然后一節(jié)一節(jié)分別表示,兩個(gè)逗號(hào)之間最大的數(shù)為百位數(shù)形式。 2,648 two thousand six hundred and forty-eight 16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four 5,237,166,234 five billion,two hundred and thirty-seven million,one hundred and sixty-six thousand,two hundred and thirty-four F.基數(shù)詞在表示確切的數(shù)字時(shí),不能使用百、千、百萬、十億的復(fù)數(shù)形式;但是,當(dāng)基數(shù)詞表示不確切數(shù)字,如成百、成千上萬,三三兩兩時(shí),基數(shù)詞則以復(fù)數(shù)形式出現(xiàn)。 There are hundreds of people in the hall.大廳里有數(shù)以百計(jì)的人。 Thousands and thousands of people come to visit the Museum of Qin Terra-Cotta Warriors and Horses every day.每天有成千上萬的人來參觀秦兵馬涌博物館。 They went to the theatre in twos and threes.他們?nèi)齼蓛傻貋淼搅藙≡骸? G.表示人的不確切歲數(shù)或年代,用幾十的復(fù)數(shù)形式表示。 He became a professor in his thirties.他三十多歲時(shí)成為了教授。 She died of lung cancer in forties.她四十來歲時(shí)死于肺癌。 It was in the 1960s.那是在二十世紀(jì)六十年代。 H.基數(shù)詞的句法功能 基數(shù)詞在句中可作主語、賓語、定語、表語、同位語。 The two happily opened the box.兩個(gè)人高興地打開了盒子。(作主語) I need three altogether.我總共需要三個(gè)。(作賓語) Four students are playing volleyball outside.四個(gè)學(xué)生在外面打排球。(作定語) We are sixteen.我們是16個(gè)人。(作表語) They three tried to finish the task before sunset.他們?nèi)齻€(gè)人盡力想在日落前完成任務(wù)(作同位語) 2. 序數(shù)詞 表示順序的詞稱為序數(shù)詞。序數(shù)詞的主要形式: A.從第一至第十九 其中,one— first, two— second, three— third, five— fifth,eight—eighth,nine—ninth,twelve— twelfth為特殊形式,其它的序數(shù)詞都是由其相對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞后面添加“th”構(gòu)成。例如: six— sixth、nineteen— nineteenth. B.從第二十至第九十九 整數(shù)第幾十的形式由其對(duì)應(yīng)的基數(shù)詞改變結(jié)尾字母y為i,再加“eth”構(gòu)成。 twenty——twentieth thirty——thirtieth 表示第幾十幾時(shí),用幾十的基數(shù)詞形式加上連字符“-”和個(gè)位序數(shù)詞形式一起表示。 thirty-first 第三十一 fifty-sixth 第五十六 seventy-third 第七十三 ninety-ninth 第九十九 C.第一百以上的多位序數(shù)詞 由基數(shù)詞的形式變結(jié)尾部分為序數(shù)詞形式來表示。 one hundred and twenty-first 第一百二十一 one thousand,three hundred and twentieth 第一千三百二十 D.序數(shù)詞的縮寫形式 有時(shí),序數(shù)詞可以用縮寫形式來表示。主要縮寫形式有。 first——lst second——2nd third——3rd fourth——4th sixth——6th twentieth——20th twenty-third——23rd 其中l(wèi)st,2nd,3rd為特殊形式,其它的都是阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字后加上th。 E.序數(shù)詞的句法功能 序數(shù)詞在句中可作主語、賓語、定語和表語。 The second is what I really need.第二個(gè)是我真正需要的。(作主語) He choose the second.他挑選了第二個(gè)。(作賓語) We are to carry out the first plan.我們將執(zhí)行第一個(gè)計(jì)劃。(作定語) She is the second in our class.在我們班她是第二名。(作表語) 注:序數(shù)詞在使用時(shí),通常前面要加定冠詞 the;但是如果序數(shù)詞前出現(xiàn)不定冠詞a或an時(shí),則表示“再——”,“又——”。 We\'ll go over it a second time.我們得再念第二遍。 We\'ve tried it three times.Must we try it a fourth time? 我們已經(jīng)試過三遍了,還必須試一次(第四次)嗎? 另外,基數(shù)詞也可以表示順序。只需將基數(shù)詞放在它所修飾的名詞之后即可,不需要添加定冠詞。 the first lesson——Lesson One the fifth page——Page 5(five) the twenty-first room——Room 21(twenty-one) 二、時(shí)刻表示法 1. 表示幾點(diǎn)鐘用基數(shù)詞加可以省略的o\'clock 5:00 讀作 five o\'clock 或 five 2. 表示幾點(diǎn)過幾分,在分鐘后加past,再加小時(shí) five past seven 七點(diǎn)過五分 half past six 六點(diǎn)半 a quarter past eight 八點(diǎn)過一刻 seven past eight 八點(diǎn)過七分 3. 表示幾點(diǎn)差幾分,在分鐘后面加to,再加小時(shí) ten to eight 差十分八點(diǎn)(七點(diǎn)五十分) a quarter to twelve 差一刻十二點(diǎn)(十一點(diǎn)四十五分) twenty to six 差二十分六點(diǎn)(五點(diǎn)四十分) 在日常生活中,常用下列簡單方法表示時(shí)間。 以小時(shí)、分種為單位分別讀出數(shù)字。 6:31 讀作 six thirty-one 10:26 讀作 ten twenty-six 14:03 讀作 fourteen o three 16:15 讀作 sixteen fifteen 18:30 讀作 eighteen thirty 23:55 讀作 twenty-three fifty-five 注:時(shí)刻表上的時(shí)間大多采用24小時(shí)表示法,這樣就不需要用a.m.表示上午,p.m.表示下午了。 三、年月表示法 1. 世紀(jì)可以用定冠詞加序數(shù)詞加世紀(jì)century表示,也可以用定冠詞加百位進(jìn)數(shù)加\'s表示 the sixth(6th)century 公元六世紀(jì) the eighteenth(18th)century 公元十八世紀(jì) the 1900\'s 二十世紀(jì) the 1600\'s 十七世紀(jì) 這里,用百位數(shù)整數(shù)表示的世紀(jì)比這一百位阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字本身多一個(gè)世紀(jì)。 2. 年代用定冠詞及基數(shù)詞表示的世紀(jì)加十位整數(shù)的復(fù)數(shù)形式構(gòu)成 in the 1930\'s(in the thirties of the twentieth century或 in the nineteen thirties) 在二十世紀(jì)三十年代 in the 1860\'s(in the sixties of the 19th century或 in the eighteen sixties) 在十九世紀(jì)六十年代 In the 1870\'s when Marx was already in his fifties,he found it important to study the situation in Russia,so he began to learn Russian. 在十九世紀(jì)七十年代當(dāng)馬克思已經(jīng)五十多歲時(shí),他發(fā)現(xiàn)研究俄國的形勢(shì)很重要,便開始學(xué)習(xí)俄語。 3. 表示某年代的早期、中期和晚期,可以在定冠詞后,年代前添加 early,mid-,late in the early 1920\'s 在二十世紀(jì)二十年代早期 in the mid-1950\'s 在二十世紀(jì)五十年代中期 4. 年月日表示法 A.年份用基數(shù)詞表示,一般寫為阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字,讀時(shí)可以以hundred為單位,也可以以世紀(jì)、年代為單位分別來讀。 1949 讀作 nineteen hundred and forty-nine 或 nineteen forty-nine 1800 讀作 eighteen hundred 253 讀作 two hundred and fifty-three或two fifty-three 1902 讀作 nineteen hundred and two或 nineteen o two 表示在哪一年,一般在年數(shù)前加介詞in,使用year時(shí),year放在數(shù)詞之前。 in the year two fifty-three B.C. 在公元前253年 但是,通常采用in加表示年份的阿拉伯?dāng)?shù)字。 B. 月份,在哪個(gè)月用介詞in加第一個(gè)字母大寫的月份詞表示。例如:in May在五月; in July在七月。為了簡便起見,月份與日期連用時(shí),月份常用縮寫形式表示??s寫形式除May,June,July外,其它的月份都由其前三個(gè)字母表示,但September除外。 January——Jan.一月 February——Feb.二月 March——Mar. 三月 April——Apr.四月 August——Aug.八月 September——Sept.九月 October——Oct.十月 November——Nov.十一月 December——Dec.十二月 注:這里縮寫形式后面加點(diǎn)不能省略,因?yàn)樗潜硎究s寫形式的符號(hào)。 C.日期用定冠詞the加序數(shù)詞表示。在哪一天要添加介詞on。 National Day is on Oct. 1.國慶節(jié)是十月一日。(讀作 October first) 此句也可以表示為 National Day is on the 1st of October. May 5 五月五日(讀作May fifth) 也可以表示為the fifth(5th)of May Mar. 1(st) 三月一日(讀作March first或 the first of March) 5. 表示不具體、不確切的時(shí)間,如世紀(jì)、年代、年份、月份時(shí),用介詞in表示,表示具體確切的某一天用介詞on表示通常情況下morning,afternoon,evening等詞前用介詞in。但是,當(dāng)這些詞前后有一修飾限定的詞作為定語,把它們限定為某一天早晨、下午或晚上時(shí),介詞in應(yīng)改為on。這里的修飾限定詞可以是介詞短語、名詞、形容詞、定語從句等。 On a cold morning,the old man died lonely in his house.在一個(gè)寒冷的早晨,這個(gè)老人孤獨(dú)地死在自己的房子里。 I don\'t want to be disturbed on nights when I have to study.我不愿意在我必須學(xué)習(xí)的晚上被打擾。 The accident happened on the afternoon of July 7.這次事故發(fā)生在7月7日下午。 We are to have a small test on Monday morning.星期一早晨我們將進(jìn)行一次小測(cè)驗(yàn)?! ? 四、加減乘除表示法 1. “加”用plus,and或add表示;“等于”用is,make,equal等詞表示。 2+3=? 可表示為: How much is two plus three? 2+3=5 Two plus three is five. Two and three is equal to five. Two and three make five. Two added to three equals five. If we add two to/and three, we get five. 二加三等于五 2. “減”用 minus或 take from表示 10-6=? How much is ten minus six? 10-6=4 Ten minus six is four. Take six from ten and the remainder is four. Six (taken) from ten is four. 十減去六等于四 3. “乘”用time(動(dòng)詞)或multiply表示 3X4=? How much is three times four? 3X4=12 Three times four is/are twelve. Multiply three by four,we get twelve. Three multiplied by four makes twelve. 三乘以四等于十二 4. “除”用divide的過去分詞形式表示 16÷4=? How much is sixteen divided by four? 16÷4=4 Sixteen divided by four is four. Sixteen divided by four equals/gives/makes four. 十六除以四等于四。 五、分?jǐn)?shù)表示法 1. 分?jǐn)?shù)是由基數(shù)詞和序數(shù)詞一起來表示的?;鶖?shù)詞作分子,序數(shù)詞作分母,除了分子是“1”以外,其它情況下序數(shù)詞都要用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 3/4 three fourths或 three quarters 1/3 one third或a third 24/25 twenty-four twenty-fifths 3 1/4 three and one fourth或 three and one quarter 1/2 a half 1/4 one quarter或a quarter 1 1/2 one and a half 1 1/4 one and a quarter 2. 當(dāng)分?jǐn)?shù)后面接名詞時(shí),如果分?jǐn)?shù)表示的值大于1,名詞用復(fù)數(shù);小于1,名詞用單數(shù)。 1 1/2 hours 一個(gè)半小時(shí)(讀作 one and a half hours) 2 3/4 meters 二又四分之三米(讀作two and three-fourths meters) 4/5 meter 五分之四米 5/6 inch 六分之五英寸 3. 表示“n次方”的說法:指數(shù)用序數(shù)詞,底數(shù)用基數(shù)詞。 10的7次方 the seventh power of ten(ten to the seventh power) 6的10次方 the tenth power of six(six to the tenth power) 六 、小數(shù)表示法 1. 小數(shù)用基數(shù)詞來表示,以小數(shù)點(diǎn)為界,小數(shù)點(diǎn)左首的數(shù)字為一個(gè)單位,表示整數(shù),數(shù)字合起來讀;小數(shù)點(diǎn)右首的數(shù)字為一個(gè)單位,表示小數(shù),數(shù)字分開來讀;小數(shù)點(diǎn)讀作 point,o讀作 zero或o[ou],整數(shù)部分為零時(shí),可以省略不讀。 0.4 zero point four或point four 零點(diǎn)四 10.23 ten point two three 十點(diǎn)二三 25.67 twenty-five point six seven 二十五點(diǎn)六七 l.03 one point o three 一點(diǎn)零三 2. 當(dāng)數(shù)字值大于1時(shí),小數(shù)后面的名詞用復(fù)數(shù),數(shù)字值小于1時(shí),小數(shù)后面的名詞用單數(shù)。 1.03 meters 一點(diǎn)零三米 0.49 ton 零點(diǎn)四九噸 l.5 tons 一點(diǎn)五噸 七、百分?jǐn)?shù)表示法 百分?jǐn)?shù)用基數(shù)+percent表示 50% fifty percent 百分之五十 3% three percent 百分之三 0.12% zero point one two percent 百分之零點(diǎn)一二 這里的percent前半部per表示“每一”,cent這一后半部分表示“百”,所以百分之幾中percent不用復(fù)數(shù)形式。 八、數(shù)量表示法 1. 表示長、寬、高、面積等,用基數(shù)詞+單位詞(meter,foot,inch,kilogram等)+ 形容詞(long,wide,high等)表示,或者用基數(shù)詞+單位詞 + in + 名詞(length, width, height, weight等)表示。 two meters long或 two meters in length 2米長 three feet high或 three feet in height 3英尺高 four inches wide或 four inches in width 4英寸寬 This box is 2 kilograms in weight.這個(gè)盒子有兩千克重。 The city wall of Xi\'an is 12 meters wide and 12 meters high.西安城墻是12米寬,12米高。 2. 表示時(shí)間、距離時(shí),使用含數(shù)詞的名詞所有格形式作定語。 five minutes\' walk步行五分鐘(的距離) It\'s an hour\'s ride from my hometown to our university.從我的家鄉(xiāng)到我們大學(xué)是乘車一小時(shí)的路程。或:從我的家鄉(xiāng)到我們大學(xué)需要乘車一小時(shí)。 It\'s three kilometers\' distance from our campus to the Bell Tower.從我們校園到鐘樓有三公里遠(yuǎn)。 3. 表示溫度時(shí),用below zero表示零下溫度,溫度用基數(shù)詞+degree(s)+單位詞(centigrade攝氏或Fahrenheit華氏)表示。 thirty-six degrees centigrade或 36℃ 攝氏 36度 four degrees below zero centigrade或 -4℃ 攝氏零下4度 Water freezes at thirty-two degrees Fahrenheit.水在華氏三十二度時(shí)結(jié)冰。 Water boils at one hundred degrees centigrade.水在攝氏一百度時(shí)沸騰。 這里的單位詞在人們都很清楚是什么度量制度時(shí),可以省略。 You are 37℃.(讀作 thirty-seven degrees)你是三十七度。(攝氏) It\'- 1.請(qǐng)仔細(xì)閱讀文檔,確保文檔完整性,對(duì)于不預(yù)覽、不比對(duì)內(nèi)容而直接下載帶來的問題本站不予受理。
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