2019-2020年高考英語總復習真題研練Week2Monday含解析.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語總復習真題研練Week2Monday含解析 Task 1：閱讀下列短文，從每題所給的四個選項(A、B、C和D)中，選出最佳選項。 (xx·江蘇，C)El Ni?o，a Spanish term for “the Christ child，” was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas.El Ni?o sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round. The weather effects both good and bad，are felt in many places.Rich countries gain more from powerful Ni?os，on balance，than they lose.A study found that a strong Ni?o in 1997—98 helped America’s economy grow by $15 billion，partly because of better agricultural harvests：farmers in the Midwest gained from extra rain.The total rise in agricultural ines in rich countries is greater than the fall in poor ones. But in Indonesia extremely dry forests are in flames.A multi－year drought (干旱) in south－east Brazil is being worse.Though heavy rains brought about by El Ni?o may relieve the drought in California，they are likely to cause surface flooding and other disasters. The most recent powerful Ni?o，in 1997—98，killed around 21，000 people and caused damage worth $36 billion around the globe.But such Ni?os e with months of warning，and so much is known about how they happen that governments can prepare.According to the Overseas Development Institute (ODI)，however，just 12% of disaster－relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance，rather than recovery and rebuilding afterwards.This is despite evidence that a dollar spent on risk－reduction saves at least two on reconstruction. Simple improvements to infrastructure (基礎設施) can reduce the spread of disease.Better sewers (下水道) make it less likely that heavy rain is followed by an outbreak of the disease of bad stomach.Stronger bridges mean villages are less likely to be left without food and medicine after floods.According to a paper in 2011 by Mr Hsiang and co－authors，civil conflict is related to El Ni?o’s harmful effects—and the poorer the country，the stronger the link.Though the relationship may not be causal，helping divided munities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk that those disasters are followed by killing and wounding people.Since the poorest are least likely to make up for their losses from disasters linked to El Ni?o，reducing their losses needs to be the priority. 【語篇解讀】　本文是一篇說明文。主要介紹的是厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象名字的得來、影響、危害等相關情況，希望人們對厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好充分的準備，以減少損失。 1．What can we learn about El Ni?o in Paragraph 1? A．It is named after a South American fisherman. B．It takes place almost every year all over the world. C．It forces fishermen to stop catching fish around Christmas. D．It sees the changes of water flow direction in the ocean. 答案　D　[細節(jié)判斷題。根據(jù)第一段中的El Ni?o sees warm water，collected over several years in the western Pacific，flow back eastwards when winds that normally blow westwards weaken，or sometimes the other way round可知，在海洋厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象引起水流方向的改變。] 2．What may El Ni?os bring about to the countries affected? A．Agricultural harvests in rich countries fall. B．Droughts bee more harmful than floods. C．Rich countries’ gains are greater than their losses. D．Poor countries suffer less from droughts economically. 答案　C　[事實細節(jié)題。根據(jù)第二段中的Rich countries gain more from powerful Ni?os，on balance，than they lose.可知，富裕國家的收獲要比損失大。] 3．The data provided by ODI in Paragraph 4 suggest that ________． A．more investment should go to risk reduction B．governments of poor countries need more aid C．victims of El Ni?o deserve more pensation D．recovery and reconstruction should e first 答案　A　[推理判斷題。根據(jù)第四段中的however，just 12% of disaster－relief funding in the past two decades has gone on reducing risks in advance可判斷出，應該加大投資以降低厄爾尼諾現(xiàn)象造成的損失。] 4．What is the author’s purpose in writing the passage? A．To introduce El Ni?o and its origin. B．To explain the consequences of El Ni?o. C．To show ways of fighting against El Ni?o. D．To urge people to prepare for El Ni?o. 答案　D　[目的意圖題。根據(jù)文章內容，特別是最后一段中的helping divided munities to prepare for disasters would at least reduce the risk...可判斷出，作者寫這篇文章的目的是督促人們?yōu)槎驙柲嶂Z現(xiàn)象的發(fā)生做好準備。] Task 2：詞匯積累 1．normally adv.正常地 2．the other way round相反 3．bring about引起，導致 4．disaster n．災難 5．in advance提前 6．recovery n．恢復 7．reconstruction n．重建 8．make up for補償 9．priority n．優(yōu)先權 Task 3：攻克長難句 El Ni?o，a Spanish term for“the Christ child，”was named by South American fishermen who noticed that the global weather pattern，which happens every two to seven years，reduced the amount of fishes caught around Christmas. 分析：El Ni?o was named by South American fishermen是主句；a Spanish term for“the Christ child”作同位語，對El Ni?o作進一步的解釋；在who引導的定語從句中，又包含定語從句which happens every two to seven years，修飾the global weather pattern。