2019-2020年高考英語復習 短文改錯題型專練.doc

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2019-2020年高考英語復習 短文改錯題型專練 一、考點聚焦 1、題型特點 （1）詞法內容。包括名詞、代詞的數(shù)與格，反身代詞，動詞時態(tài)語態(tài)，非謂語動詞、短語動詞的用法，不規(guī)則動詞的變化形式，形容詞的比較級，形容詞副詞的區(qū)別，介詞的誤用等。 （2）句法內容。包括主謂一致、指代一致，并列連詞，從屬連詞等引導各種從句的關聯(lián)詞語，感嘆句，疑問句，祈使句的結構等。 （3）行文邏輯。包括句子的肯定、否定、推理、判斷等。 k二、應試技巧點撥 （1）通讀全文，了解文章主旨大意，確定文章的題材、體裁，把握文章的背景知識。 （2）逐句分析，把握結構。粗略分析詞法、句法、邏輯上是否有問題。 （3）逐行修改，先易后難。 （4）復讀全文，驗證答案。一要注意錯誤點的分散與比例，二要注意答題是否合乎規(guī)范。 2、改錯歌訣 現(xiàn)將本書編寫者總結的短文改錯歌訣提供給大家，希望有所幫助。 短文改錯要做好，常見類型應記牢。 名詞愛考“數(shù)”與“格”，冠詞在前“錯”“多”“少”。 動詞時態(tài)和語態(tài)，非謂語搭配莫錯了。 連代形副錯一樣，多是故意來混淆。 介詞多半搭配，多漏誤用想周到。 句法涉及到“一致”①，從句多考關系詞。 詞法句法均未錯，邏輯推理去尋找。 “1126”慣常比②，回讀復查敲定稿。 注：①“一致”：包括主謂一致，代詞及相應的限定詞在數(shù)、性、稱方面的一致，主語與主語補語，賓語和賓語補語的一致等。 ②“1126”：指的是通常10個題項有一處是正確的，一處（或兩處）屬多余，兩處（或一處）需補加成分，6處需更改。當然，此非“定勢”，僅作參考。 三、精典范例 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 9. __________ 10. _________ 例1 （NMET xx） The day before the speech contest（比賽）English teacher talked to me. She saide that she and my schoolmate all wished me success, but it didn’t matter that I would win or not. When I was on the stage the next day, I felt so nervous as I shook like a leaf. There were so many people present! Suddenly, I caught a sight of my English teacher in the crowd. She was smiling but nodding at me. I remembered her words and calm down, I did a good jobm and won the first prize. Now my picture and the prize is hanging in the library. Whenever I see them I will often think of my English teacher. 解析 1. my English。該題考查代詞，絕大部分考生知道English teacher前少一個詞語，但很多人都誤加上了our, an或the,而后面兩次出現(xiàn)my English teacher，因而本題實際考查學生對文章內容的理解。 2. schoolmate → schoolmates。schoolmate應為復數(shù)形式。 3. that → whether。whether與后面的or not相呼應。 4. 正確。 5. as → that。把as 改成that，組成so … that結構。 6. a去掉。catch sight of是固定短語。 7．but → and 。意義的轉折用but,意思并列用and。 8. calm → calmed。remembered和calmed是對應的。 9. is → are。主語用and 連接，謂語動詞用are。 10. often去掉。often多余。 【例2】（xx年全國卷I） 1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ Dear Ralph, I’m a newer here of a small town. I would describe myself as shy and quietly. Before my classmates, it seems always difficult for me to do things well as 4. __________ 5. __________ 6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 9. __________ 10. _________ them. I’m sure they will laugh to me and see me as a fool. So I feel unhappy every day. Besides, I have few friends. I don’t know that they don’t like to talk with me. Sometimes, we talked to each other very well in class, but after class we bee stranger at once. I am trying to improve the situation since it doesn’t seem to work. Can you tell me about what I should do? Yours, Xiao Mei. 解析： 1.of改為from 解析：自己“來自于”小鎮(zhèn)。 2.quietly改為quiet 解析：與shy并列。 3.well前加as 解析：as…as原級比較。 4.to改為a 解析：Iaugh at sb.，嘲笑某人。 5.正確 6.that改為why 解析：我知道他們不喜歡同我談話，但我不知道為什么。 7.talked改為talk 解析：整個短文談的是現(xiàn)在的事。 8.stranger改為strangers。 9.since改為but 解析：表轉折，而不是原因或時間狀語。 10.去掉about 解析：Tell 可接雙賓語。 【例3】1. __________ 2. __________ 3. __________ 4. __________ 5. __________ 6. __________ 7. __________ 8. __________ 9. __________ 10. _________ （xx年全國卷II） On Thursday I will have to decide what I want myself to do over a weekend. I am thinking of making a trip to London, and visit the British Museum and some parks. But I have spent most my money, so I cannot even go out of town. I may go to a film, or a concert. Yes, a concert can be very excited. You can watch your Stars while enjoying your favorite music. So then, a Concert cost so much. I may just listen to music. I have Some records giving to me as birthday gifts. If I listen To my own records, there are no need to spend money. All right. That’s what I’m going to do. 解析： 1.去掉myself 解析：want可直接接不定式做賓語。 2.將a 改為the 解析：特指即將到來的周末。 3.visit 改為visiting 解析：與上行的making并列，同做of的賓語。 4.most后加of 解析；表部分與整體。 5.正確。 6.excited改為exciting 解析：應該是令人興奮，而不是感到興奮。 7.So改為But 解析：前文說音樂會的好處，下文說花很多錢，是轉折關系。 8.cost改為costs 解析：第三人稱單數(shù)形式。 9.giving改為given 解析：過去分詞做定語，表被動和完成。 10.are改為is 解析：need是不可數(shù)名詞，謂語用單數(shù)形式。