2019高考英語一輪優(yōu)編選題 Unit 1 Great Scientists（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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Great Scientists 一、閱讀理解 The American Family Immigration History Center is an exciting new interactive area at the Ellis Island Immigration Museum where more than 100 million Americans may search for their familys beginnings in the New World. Now, for the first time, the passengers records of the ships that landed some 22 million immigrants, crewmembers and other passengers at the Port of New York and Ellis Island from 1892 to 1924 have been puterized, making it easier than ever to discover your own family history. Five years in the making, the center was developed and funded by the Statue of the LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc., which was responsible for the restoration and preservation of the Statue of the Liberty and Ellis Island, and the creation of the Immigration Museum. For visitors to the Museum, the excitement begins at a welingkioskwhere you can enter ancestors names and see if their arrival records are included in the database and are available in the History Center in the Museums West Wing. Once inside the Center itself, in the very place where your ancestors (grandgrandparents) may have ended their long journey, you and your family can log on the one of 41 puters, type in name, and, within seconds, set in motion your own special journey of discovery. Imagine the excitement youll share with your family as you use the latest technology to sort through a vast puterized archive (檔案館) with millions of records, and see your familys own personal story in America e to life before your eyes. Millions of hours were spent creating this vast database and, if you find your ancestors names, youll discover answers to questions youve always wondered about... What ship did my family members take? When did they arrive? How old were they? Were they married? Then, take these valuable records and create your own Family History Scrapbook, preserving forever the story of the past while keeping the legacy of your family alive. 1.Why is it easier for visitors to find their family histories in the History Center? A. More clerks are employed there. B. All of its documents are puterized. C. Facilities of the museum are restored. D. Workers are more creative than before. 2.Who sponsors the restoration of the American Family Immigration History Center? A. Families whose family histories are kept here. B. National Park Service in the United States. C. Local government and visitors to the Museum. D. The Statue of LibertyEllis Island Foundation, Inc. 3.The word “kiosk” in the passage is most probably______. A. a museum assistant B.an advertisement C. a selfservice device D. a receptionist 4.In which part of a newspaper would this passage most probably be found? A. Science. B. Entertainment. C. Life. D. Travel. 【文章大意】本文主要介紹了美國家庭移民歷史中心，數(shù)以億計的美國人可以在這里找到他們的家庭。 1.B 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段中的“…h(huán)ave been puterized, making it easier than ever to discover your own family history.”可知，參觀者容易找到家庭歷史是因為所有的檔案都是電腦化的。 3.C 【解析】詞義猜測題。根據(jù)畫線詞后的“where you can enter ancestors names and see if their arrival records are included in the database and are available in the History Center in the Museums West Wing.”可知，畫線詞指的是一種供參觀者查看數(shù)據(jù)庫中家庭歷史信息的自助服務(wù)設(shè)備。 4.D 【解析】推理判斷題。本文主要介紹了美國家庭移民歷史中心，數(shù)以億計的美國人可以在這里找到他們的家庭，是關(guān)于移民話題的，因此最有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的旅行版面中。 二、單句語法填空 1．Children, when (expose) to an Englishspeaking atmosphere, will pick up the language much more easily. 答案：exposed 2．When he came back three hours later, they were still sitting on the sofa, (absorb) in conversation. 答案：absorbed 3．Neither I nor Jane and Mary (be) happy about having one examination after another. We really don’t want to go to school. 答案：are 4．Always read the (instruct) on the bottle carefully and take the right amount of medicine. 答案：instructions 5．(2016四川卷)We’re not saying that everyone needs to contribute their lives the poor. 答案：to 6．I drew a (conclude) from my own experiences that where there is a will there is a way. 答案：conclusion 7．The police had figured out the cause of the traffic accident and it was the driver of lorry that should be (blame) for it. 答案：to blame 8．The underground is under (construct) here at present and will be pleted next year. 答案：construction 9．(全國卷Ⅱ)It may not be a great suggestion. But before a better one is put ， we’ll make do with it. 答案：forward 10．As nobody here knows what is wrong with the machine, we must send for an engineer (handle) the problem. 答案：to handle 三、完形填空。 Life is full of miracles. They surroundus every day. One of these miracles _1__ me recently. I was filling my car at a gas station. Not sleeping well the night before, I felt __2__. After paying for the gas I turned my car towards the main road. I looked right and left then my brain sent the __3__ for my foot to push on the gas pedal but nothing happened. __4__, I shook my head to __5__ it and gazed down at my foot. Just as I did, __6__, a semitruck roared past my car doing 60 mph. When I had looked just two seconds __7__, my weary eyes hadnt seen it. If I had been driving onto the road when I should have been my car would have been __8__ and I would have most likely been killed. I sat there for a long time quietly thanking God for __9__ my life before __10__ on the road and heading home. This time both my brain and foot worked __11__. As I looked back on that moment later I still couldnt understand it. Did God __12__ my brains signal from __13__ my foot? Did an angel grab my toes to keep them from __14__ on the gas? One question kept ing back into my mind as well: why did I get this miracle? Finally, I felt the answer __15__ deep within my heart and mind. I heard the __16__ing from my soul saying: “You still have more to do. Your work is not done yet！” Richard Bach wrote: “Here is the __17__ to find if your mission on Earth is finished: if you are alive it isnt.” __18__ up each day then knowing that your mission isnt done yet. You have more love to __19__, more people to help, more kindness to give. You have one more day to be the miracle God __20__ for you to be. 語篇解讀：作者在剛加完油準備駛?cè)胫髀窌r，由于前一天睡眠不好，腦子和腳不協(xié)調(diào)沒有踩加速油門，這個遲鈍的動作讓他躲過了卡車，救了他一命。作者由此感謝上蒼給了他眷顧，認為這是一個奇跡。 1. A. refers to B. appears to C. occurs to D. es across 【答案】C 2. A. disturbed B. tired C. annoyed D. refreshed 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)上文。上句話說“我”前一天晚上沒有睡好覺，因此應(yīng)該感到疲憊。A. disturbed 感到不安的；B. tired疲倦的；C. annoyed惱怒的；D. refreshed恢復(fù)了的，振作的。 3. A. symbol B. order C. message D. signal 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)句意，此處意思應(yīng)該是“大腦發(fā)出信號讓腳踩油門”。A. symbol象征；標志； B. order命令；秩序；C. message信息，消息；D. signal信號，暗號。 4. A. Discouraged B. Embarrassed C. Disappointed D. Puzzled 【答案】D 【解析】根據(jù)上文選擇。上一句話意思是“大腦發(fā)出信號讓腳踩油門，但什么事情都沒有發(fā)生?！币虼舜颂帯拔摇睉?yīng)該感到困惑并向下看。A. Discouraged泄氣的；B. Embarrassed尷尬的，局促不安的，為難的；C. Disappointed失望的，沮喪的；D. Puzzled困惑的，糊涂的。 5. A. clean B. clear C. inspire D. remove 【答案】B 6. A. instead B. though C. therefore D. besides 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)詞意辨析。A. instead代替，而不是；B. though 雖然，盡管，或用于句末補充說明，表示不過、可是；C. therefore因此，所以；D. besides 除……之外(還)，況且。 “可是，正當我低頭看的時候，一輛卡車呼嘯而過。” 7. A. earlier B. later C. faster D. slower 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)上下文，此句句意是“兩秒前，我還用疲憊的雙眼，視線模糊的看了，并沒有發(fā)現(xiàn)這一情況?！敝挥羞xA .earlier使句子通順，故選A。 8. A. damaged B. crashed C. scratched D. stuck 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)上下文此句句意指：“但凡當時我的車駛上主路一點點，那現(xiàn)在我的小車肯定被撞了個稀巴爛，我也已經(jīng)很可能一命嗚呼了?！盇. damaged被損壞的；B. crashed撞毀的；C. scratched抓傷的；D. stuck動不了的，被卡住的。 9. A. sparing B. taking C. rescuing D. claiming 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)上下文，此處句意應(yīng)是“我感謝上帝饒了我一命”。A. sparing饒恕、赦免的。spare one’s life饒某人一命；B. taking帶走，拿走；C. rescuing營救、救援；D. claiming奪去(某人的命)。 10. A. picking up B. breaking down C. pulling out D. setting sail 【答案】C 【解析】根據(jù)上下文，上文中講到“我加完了油，正要駛向主路”，所以本句句意是“在駛向主路之前祈禱”。A. picking up 改善，重新開始；B. breaking down出故障。失敗；C. pulling out駛向路邊；D. setting sail 起航。 11. A. passively B. poorly C. perfectly D. curiously 【答案】C 【解析】A. passively 被動地，順從地；B. poorly 窮困地，差勁地；C. perfectly完美地，理想地；D. curiously .好奇地。根據(jù)詞意可知，只有選C使句意通順，表示“這次我的大腦和腳配合默契”。 12. A. protect B. prevent C. defend D. differ 【答案】B 【解析】根據(jù)上文可知，這句話是作者感嘆“難道是上帝阻止了大腦的信號傳到腳上”，從而我沒有踩下油門，沒有遭遇事故。prevent sb/sth (from doing sth)阻止、阻礙，故選B。 13. A. attacking B. lifting C. touching D. reaching 【答案】D 14. A. pressing B. depending C. putting D. focusing 【答案】A 【解析】句意：“難道是有天使拉住了我的腳不讓它踩油門？”只有press有壓、壓迫的意思，故選A。 15. A. forming B. resulting C. disappearing D. surviving 【答案】A 【解析】根據(jù)句意，“我感覺到答案從內(nèi)心深處浮現(xiàn)”。A. forming(使)形成 B. resulting (from sth)(因……)發(fā)生；C. disappearing不見，消失；D. surviving幸存，活下來。 16. A. words B. mands C. suggestions D. expectations 【答案】A 【解析】A. words 話，諾言；B. mands命令；C. suggestions建議；D. expectations期望的事情。根據(jù)詞意，應(yīng)選A，表示“我聽到靈魂在說話”。 17. A. solution B. advice C. test D. belief 【答案】C 【解析】此句句意指“有個方法可以檢驗?zāi)阍谑郎系娜蝿?wù)有沒有完成，只要你還活著，那就說明還沒有。”，只有選C. test符合句意。 18. A. Wake B. Stay C. Hurry D. Cheer 【答案】A 【解析】A. Wake up醒來；B. Stay up熬夜；C. Hurry up 快一點；D. Cheer up 振作起來。參看上題解析。表達“每一天醒來，你就知道你的任務(wù)還沒有完成”，故選A。 19. A. share B. gather C. donate D. preserve.. 【答案】A 【解析】A. share分享，分配；B. gather收集，聚集；C. donate捐贈；D. preserve保護，保持。根據(jù)上下文，此處選share 表示“跟人們分享更多的愛，即你要更博愛”最能符合句意，故選A。你要更博愛、施助、仁慈。 20. A. applied B. pensated C. meant D. allowed 【答案】C 四、單句改錯 1．It doesn’t make a sense for parents to give children whatever they want. 答案：去掉a 2．They are going to have some trees plant this weekend. 答案：plant→planted 3．Only if you return them on time I lend you some books. 答案：在I 前加will 4．He was struck by the beauty for the first time he visited Guilin. 答案：去掉for 5．The teacher cured him for his bad habits and he made great progress in English. 答案：for→of 五、單元語法——過去分詞作定語和表語 1．(2018河北邯鄲一模)Even today the books (print) at the time are valuable and treasured by libraries and book collectors. 答案：printed 2．(2018寧夏銀川一中一模)Classical Chinese poetry is traditional Chinese poetry (write) in classical Chinese and typified by certain traditional forms. 答案：written 3．The workers (expose) to the radiation are likely to develop diseases. 答案：exposed 4．The player got (injure) in the last match, so he couldn’t pete in the final. 答案：injured 5．He looked (worry) after reading the letter because his mother was suddenly ill. 答案：worried