2019高考英語一輪選練習(xí)題 Unit 3 A taste of English humour（含解析）新人教版必修4.doc

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必修4　Unit 3 A taste of English humour 一、閱讀理解 If you think that running marathons will help you live a long and healthy life，new research may e as a shock. According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all. Scientists in Denmark have been studying over 1，000 joggers and non-joggers for 12 years. The death rates from the sample group indicate that people who jog at a moderate pace two or three times a week for less than two and a half hours in total are least likely to die. The best speed to jog at was found to be about 5 miles per hour. The research suggests that people who jog more than three times a week or at higher speeds of over 7 mph die at the same rate as non-joggers. The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(動脈).Over time，this can cause serious injuries. Peter Schnohr，a researcher in Copenhagen，said，“If your goal is to decrease risk of death and improve life expectancy，jogging a few times a week at a moderate pace is a good strategy. Anything more is not just unnecessary，and it may be harmful.” The implications of this are that moderate forms of exercise such as tai chi，yoga and brisk walking may be better for us than “iron man” events，triathlons and long-distance running and cycling. According to Jacob Louis Marott，another researcher involved in the study，“You don’t actually have to do that much to have a good impact on your health. And perhaps you shouldn’t actually do too much”. 1.The underlined word “strenuous” in Paragraph l is closest in meaning to“___________”. A. hard B. regular C. practical D. flexible 2.The author presents some figures in Paragraph 2 to ___________. A. suggest giving up jogging B. show risks of doing sports C. provide supportive evidence D. introduce the research process 3.According to the scientists，why is too much exercise harmful？ A. It may injure the heart and arteries. B. It can make the body tired out. C. It will bring much pressure. D. It consumes too much energy. 4.What can be inferred from the text? A. No exercise at all is the best choice. B. More exercise means a healthier life. C. Marathons runners are least likely to die. D. Proper exercise contributes to good health. 【文章大意】本文主要講述了做運(yùn)動過多或過少都對身體有害，只有做適量的運(yùn)動才對身體有益。 1.A 【解析】考查詞義推測。hard耗費(fèi)體力的；regular有規(guī)律的；practical實(shí)際的；flexible靈活的。由第一段最后一句“According to a recent scientific study，people who do a very strenuous workout are as likely to die as people who do no exercise at all.”可知，一點(diǎn)不做運(yùn)動的人和非常艱苦鍛煉的人都極有可能死，故應(yīng)選A。 3.A 【解析】考查細(xì)節(jié)理解。由第二段倒數(shù)第二句“The scientists think that this is because strenuous exercise causes structural changes to the heart and arteries(動脈).”可知，做過多的運(yùn)動有害是因?yàn)樗赡軅π呐K和動脈，故應(yīng)選A。 4.D 【解析】考查推理判斷。根據(jù)第三段可知，做運(yùn)動過多或過少都對身體有害，只有做適量的運(yùn)動才對身體有益，故應(yīng)選D。 二、完形填空 When I was young, like you, I had a dream. But my dream wasnt like that of an __1__ kid. It was to be the best tennis player __2__ simply the best “female” one in the world. __3__， I had a family encouraging me to follow my dream. I learned how important it is to __4__ a dream and to dream big. My fight began when I was three and I havent taken a __5__ since. But too often, most women are not supported or are __6__ from choosing their path. I hope it could be changed. For me, it was a __7__ of resilience (堅(jiān)忍). What others marked as __8__ about me — my race, my gender—I accepted as fuel for my success. I never let anything or anyone __9__ me. I controlled my future. When it es to equal pay, it frustrates me __10__ I know firsthand that gender differences exist. I would __11__ want my daughter to be paid less than my son for the same work. Women have to __12__ many barriers to success. One is that we are constantly __13__ we are not men. People call me one of the “worlds greatest female athletes”. Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes? We should never let this go __14__. We should be judged by our achievements but not __15__. For everything I have achieved, I am __16__ to have experienced the highs and lows that e __17__ success. I hope my story will be a(n) __18__ for women to fight for their dreams. We must __19__ to dream big, and in doing so, we enable the next generation of women to be __20__ in their pursuit. 【文章大意】　本文是一篇記敘文。作者以自己的事為例呼吁全體女性勇敢追求成功，為爭取性別平等而不懈努力。 1．A.ambitious B．excellent C．a(chǎn)verage D．energetic 答案與解析：C　根據(jù)第一段第三句“It was to be the best tennis player”以及倒數(shù)第二段“People call me... Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes？”可知，此處指作者說自己小時(shí)候的理想與普通孩子的是不同的，故選average“普通的，一般的”。ambitious“有野心的，有雄心的”； excellent“優(yōu)秀的”； energetic“精力充沛的”。 2．A.instead of B．regardless of C．other than D．more than 答案與解析：A　結(jié)合本文主旨以及倒數(shù)第二段中的“People call me one of the ‘worlds greatest female athletes’. Why dont they say LeBron is one of the worlds best male athletes？”可知，作者希望男女平等，所以作者在此強(qiáng)調(diào)的是自己的理想是做世界上最好的網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動員，而不是最好的女網(wǎng)球運(yùn)動員。instead of“而不是”；regardless of“不管，不顧”；other than“除了”；more than“多于，超出”。 3．A.Hopefully B．Fortunately C．Obviously D．Generally 答案與解析：B幸運(yùn)的是(Fortunately)，作者有鼓勵(lì)她追尋自己的夢想的家人。此處亦與第三段中的“But too often，most women are not supported...”形成對比。hopefully“有希望地”；obviously“明顯地”；generally“普遍地”。 4．A.make up B．set up C．care for D．push for 答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文中的“My fight began when...”“fight for their dreams”可知，這里指作者知道了為夢想而努力是多么重要。push for“為……而努力，力爭”。make up“編造，構(gòu)成”；set up“設(shè)立，建立”； care for“照顧”。 5．A.risk B．leave C．break D．chance 答案與解析：C作者從三歲時(shí)就開始為理想奮斗，自此一直從未間斷。break“暫停，中斷”，符合語境。 6．A.defended B．excused C．discouraged D．dismissed 答案與解析：C但是通常，大多數(shù)女性不被支持，或者被阻止去選擇自己的道路。discourage“阻止，阻撓”，符合語境。defend“保衛(wèi)，保護(hù)”；excuse“同意免除”；dismiss“去除，摒除”。 7．A.thought B．question C．moment D．bonus 答案與解析：B作者希望這種境況可以改變，在作者看來，這是有關(guān)“堅(jiān)忍”的問題(question)。thought“想法”；moment“時(shí)刻”；bonus“意外收獲，獎金”。 8．A.disadvantages B．concerns C．qualifications D．personalities 答案與解析：A根據(jù)下文中的“my race, my gender”“I accepted as fuel for my success”可知，此處指被別人列為作者的劣勢(disadvantages)的東西，比如她的種族，她的性別，作者將它們視為追求成功的動力。concern“擔(dān)憂”；qualification“資格”；personality“個(gè)性”。 9．A.ignore B．a(chǎn)ttack C．fort D．limit 答案與解析：D根據(jù)下文中的“I controlled my future.”可知，作者從不讓任何事或任何人來限制自己，而是自己主宰自己的未來。limit“限制”，符合語境。 10．A.although B．because C．unless D．if 答案與解析：B當(dāng)談起同工同酬問題時(shí)，作者感到懊惱，因?yàn)樗约河H身體驗(yàn)到性別差異的存在。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，前后句之間是因果關(guān)系，且前面是果，后面是因。故用because。 11．A.ever B．even C．never D．just 答案與解析：C根據(jù)語境可知，作者永遠(yuǎn)不希望看到干了同樣的工作，女兒得到的報(bào)酬卻比兒子的少。never“從不，絕不”。 12．A.break down B．take after C．lay aside D．put away 答案與解析：A為了獲取成功，女性不得不打破許多障礙。break down“打破，消除”，符合語境。take after“追趕，跟蹤”；lay aside“留存?zhèn)溆茫选旁谝贿叀?；put away“猛吃，積蓄，把……收起來”。 13．A.informed B．reminded C．a(chǎn)ssured D．criticized 答案與解析：B其中一個(gè)障礙就是總有人提醒我們不是男性。remind“提醒，使想起”，符合語境。inform“通知，告知”；assure“使確信”；criticize“批判”。 14．A.unchallenged B．unpunished C．unpleted D．uncontrolled 答案與解析：A根據(jù)語境可知，作者在此想表達(dá)的是女性不能對此置之不理，而要敢于質(zhì)疑。unchallenged“不被懷疑的，完全接受的，沒有異議的”，符合語境。unpunished“未受懲罰的”；unpleted“未完成的”；uncontrolled“未受控制的，不加約束的”。 15．A.appearance B．position C．background D．gender 答案與解析：D對我們的評價(jià)應(yīng)該依據(jù)我們的成就而不是我們的性別。gender“性別”，符合語境。appearance“外貌”；position“職位”；background“出身背景，學(xué)歷”。 16．A.superior B．grateful C．indifferent D．preferable 答案與解析：B作者從心底里感謝已經(jīng)經(jīng)歷過的伴隨成功而來的起起伏伏。grateful“感激的，表示感謝的”，符合語境。superior“更好的，占優(yōu)勢”；indifferent“不感興趣，漠不關(guān)心”；preferable“更可取的，更合適的”。 17．A.with B．through C．from D．beyond 答案與解析：A參見上題解析。with“和，隨著”，符合語境。 18．A.intention B．inspiration C．solution D．expectation 答案與解析：B作者希望她的故事可以激勵(lì)女性為她們的夢想而奮斗。inspiration“鼓舞人心的人(或事物)，使人產(chǎn)生動機(jī)的人(或事物)”，符合語境。intention“意圖”；solution“解決方法”；expectation“期待”。 19．A.pause B．a(chǎn)gree C．promise D．continue 答案與解析：D女性必須繼續(xù)心懷遠(yuǎn)大的理想，這樣做的話，我們就給予下一代女性力量，給予她們追求成功的勇氣。下文中的“the next generation”是暗示。continue“繼續(xù)”，符合語境。 20．A.expert B．enthusiastic C．brave D．learned 答案與解析：C參見上題解析。expert“內(nèi)行的，經(jīng)驗(yàn)豐富的”；enthusiastic“熱情的”；brave“勇敢的”；learned“有學(xué)問的，博學(xué)的”。 三、七選五 A garden that’s just right for you Have you ever visited a garden that seemed just right for you, where the atmosphere of the garden appeared to total more than the sum(總和) of its parts? 　 1　. But it doesn’t happen by accident. It starts with looking inside yourself and understanding who you are with respect to the natural world and how you approach the gardening process. ● 　 2 　 Some people may think that a garden is no more than plants, flowers, patterns and masses of color. Others are concerned about using gardening methods that require less water and fewer fertilizers (肥料). 　 3 　.However, there are a number of other reasons that might explain why you want to garden. One of them es from our earliest years. ●Recall(回憶)your childhood memories Our model of what a garden should be often goes back to childhood. Grandma’s rose garden and Dad’s vegetable garden might be good or bad, but that’s not what’s important. 　 4 　 — how being in those gardens made us feel. If you’d like to build a powerful bond with your garden, start by taking some time to recall the gardens of your youth. 　 5 　. Then go outside and work out a plan to translate your childhood memories into your grown-up garden. Have fun. A. Know why you garden B. Find a good place for your own garden C. It’s our experience of the garden that matters D. It’s delightful to see so many beautiful flowers E. Still others may simply enjoy being outdoors and close to plants F. You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too G. For each of those gardens, write down the strongest memory you have 【語篇解讀】本文屬于說明文，美麗的花園能給我們帶來美好的視覺享受，文章中給出了兩個(gè)自己建設(shè)花園的具體建議。 1.F 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)文章首句及下文的＂But it doesn’t happen by accident＂可知，這里是在講＂你是否曾去過一個(gè)花園……但是它不是偶然發(fā)生的＂。故F項(xiàng)＂You can produce that kind of magical quality in your own garden, too＂符合語境。 3.E 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的＂Some people may think...＂和＂Others are concerned about...＂可知此處表達(dá)的是人們種植花園的不同原因，而E項(xiàng)中的＂Still others may simply enjoy...＂與上下文銜接自然，故選E項(xiàng)。 4.C 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。根據(jù)上文的＂...but that’s not what’s important＂和下文中的＂how being in those gardens made us feel＂可知此處講的應(yīng)是什么是重要的，故C項(xiàng)符合語境。 5.G 【解析】考查上下文的銜接。上文的＂the gardens of your youth＂以及下文的＂your childhood memories＂與G項(xiàng)中的＂those gardens＂和＂the strongest memory you have＂相呼應(yīng)，故選G項(xiàng)。 四、短文語法填空 With the development of modern society and high technology, children wear more and more beautiful and fashionable clothes. More children 1 (allow) to choose their favorite clothes, which is 2 relatively new trend. Many years ago, children had to suffer the whims(突發(fā)奇想)of adults as far as clothes were concerned. Like 3 (adult) clothes, children’s clothes followed fashions as well. About 120 years 4 , boys in Europe and America wore white ankle-length dresses, just like their sisters, until they 5 (reach) the age of five. Older boys from wealthy 6 (family) were then dressed in pretty velvet(絲絨) suits 7 lace collars. Their hair was grown to shoulder length 8 longer. For many unlucky boys, these carefully planned and organized costumes were nor reserved for special occasions; they had to wear the same 9 (restrict)and unfortable outfits for everyday play. Clean and proper clothes say that the person has both self-respect and respect for other people. Clothing can tell quite a lot about the person, sometimes more than we would like to reveal. So we should pay more attention to 10 (wear) proper clothes in different occasions. 【文章大意】文章講述了在西方，孩子們服裝的發(fā)展，同時(shí)說明了著裝的注意事項(xiàng)。 1.are allowed 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)和語態(tài)。文章講述的是現(xiàn)在的情況，所以用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)；句子的主語More children與allow構(gòu)成被動關(guān)系，所以此處用一般現(xiàn)在時(shí)的被動語態(tài)。故填are allowed。 2.a 【解析】考查冠詞。此處指“一種比較新的趨勢”，relatively是輔音音素開頭的單詞。故填a。 3.adults 【解析】考查名詞。句意：如同成年人的衣服，孩子們的服裝也緊跟時(shí)尚。此處用名詞作定語。故填adults。 4.ago 【解析】考查副詞?！皌ime+ago”指“多長時(shí)間之前”。故填ago。 5.reached 【解析】考查時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語“About 120 years ago”可知，謂語用一般過去時(shí)態(tài)。故填reached。 6.families 【解析】考查名詞。此處指“來自富有家庭的大一點(diǎn)的男孩子”，根據(jù)事實(shí)邏輯，應(yīng)該用復(fù)數(shù)。故填families。 7.with 8.or 【解析】考查連詞。此處指“他們的頭發(fā)到達(dá)肩部或者更長一些”。故填or。 9.restrictive 【解析】考查形容詞。與unfortable相并列，此處用形容詞來修飾名詞outfits。故填restrictive。 10.wearing 【解析】考查非謂語。短語pay attention to…中，to是介詞，后面跟名詞或動名詞。故填wearing。