2019版高考英語(yǔ)一輪基礎(chǔ)達(dá)標(biāo)選題 Unit 4 Making the news（含解析）新人教版必修5.doc

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Unit 4 Making the news 一、閱讀理解。 Recently I and other Red Cross volunteers met a group of victims from Hurricane Katrina. We were there, as mental health professionals, to offer “psychological first aid” and I was struck by the simple healing power of presence. As we walked in the gate to the shelter, we were greeted with a burst of gratitude (感激)from the first person we met. I felt appreciated, but also guilty, because I hadn’t really done anything yet. I first realized the power of presence many years ago when a friend’s mother passed away unexpectedly. I received a call saying she had just passed away. I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn’t want to intrude (打擾)on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do. Another friend with me then said, “Just go. Just be there.” I did, and I will never regret it. Since then, I have not hesitated to be in the presence of others. Once I sat at the bedside of a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDSrelated dying. He was not awake, and obviously unaware of others’ presence. However, the atmosphere was by no means solemn. His family, playing guitars and singing, allowed him to be present with them as though he were still fully alive. In my life, I am repeatedly struck by the healing power of presence. In it, none of us are truly alone. It not only is something we give to others but also changes me for the better. 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】　本文主要講述了“我”通過(guò)一些活動(dòng)意識(shí)到“到場(chǎng)”的意義的故事。 1．Why were the hurricane victims grateful to the author? A．He built shelters for them. B．He gave immediate first aid to them. C．He came to stay with them. D．He brought mental health professionals. C　解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第一段的第二句可知，因?yàn)椤拔摇痹谒麄兪転?zāi)時(shí)和他們?cè)谝黄穑运麄兏屑ぁ拔摇?，故C項(xiàng)正確。 2．What did the author do when his friend’s mother passed away？　 A．He hesitated over whether to go. B．He went to his friend’s at once. C．He knew what to do instantly. D．He decided not to disturb his friend. A　解析： 細(xì)節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)第二段中的“I wanted to rush down there immediately, but didn’t want to intrude (打擾)on this very personal period of sadness. I was torn about what to do.”可知，“我”想要立即去朋友那里，但又不愿意去打擾朋友，據(jù)此可知，當(dāng)朋友的母親去世時(shí)，“我”猶豫是否要去朋友那里。 3．What does the underlined word “solemn” in Paragraph 3 probably mean? A．Heavy but warm. B．A little sad but cosy. C．Relaxing and delightful. D．Very serious and unhappy. D　解析： 詞義猜測(cè)題。根據(jù)第三段最后一句中的“His family, playing guitars and singing”可知，男青年的家人在彈奏吉他并唱歌；結(jié)合畫線詞所在句中的“However...no means”和第三段第二句中的“a young man suffering from the pain of his AIDSrelated dying”可以判斷，在家人的陪伴下，氣氛并不悲傷和嚴(yán)肅，據(jù)此可以判斷，畫線詞意為“嚴(yán)肅的”，故D項(xiàng)正確。 4．What has the author learned from his experience? A．A friend in need is a friend indeed. B．Being present can make a big difference. C．The family harmony is the happiest thing in life. D．Being a volunteer can make one’s life more significant. B　解析： 推理判斷題。根據(jù)最后一段的前兩句并結(jié)合第二段的第一句可知，從自己的經(jīng)歷中“我”意識(shí)到了“到場(chǎng)”的重要意義，故B項(xiàng)正確。 二、單句語(yǔ)法填空 1．We must concentrate our effort on ________ (find) ways to reduce costs. 答案：finding　concentrate ones effort on ... “集中精力……”，on為介詞，故填動(dòng)名詞finding。 2．They study hard ________ (acquire) a good knowledge of English. 答案：to acquire　此處不定式在句中作目的狀語(yǔ)。 3．Ill keep you ________ (inform) of the progress made at any time. 答案：informed　keep sb. informed of sth. “通知某人某事/使某人了解某事”。 4．It is difficult ________ (assess) the effects of these changes. 答案：to assess　It is＋adj.＋to do sth. “做某事是……的”。 5．You can never depend on it ________ he can arrive on time. 答案：that　depend on it that “指望/相信……”。 6．—Are you ________ (accuse) me of lying to the headmaster? —Im sure you did. 答案：accusing　accuse sb. of (doing) sth. “指責(zé)/控告某人(做)某事”。本句是一般疑問(wèn)句，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用了現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)。 7．All these gifts must be mailed immediately so as to ________ (receive) in time for Christmas. 答案：be received　so as to do ... “為了做……”，gifts與receive之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故應(yīng)填be received。 8．There are cases ________ this rule does not work. 答案：where　若定語(yǔ)從句的先行詞為抽象地點(diǎn)名詞case, stage, point, position, condition等時(shí)，且定語(yǔ)從句中缺少地點(diǎn)狀語(yǔ)，應(yīng)用where引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句。 9．He left the classroom without the ________ (approve) of the teacher. 答案：approval　由空前的“the”和空后的“of”可知，設(shè)空處應(yīng)填名詞形式，即approval。 10．People demanded that the injured ________ (take) to hospital at once. 答案：(should) be taken　demand意為“要求”，后跟賓語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。主語(yǔ)the injured與動(dòng)詞take之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)。 三、完形填空。 閱讀下面短文，從短文后各題所給的A、B、C和D四個(gè)選項(xiàng)中，選出可能填入空白處的最佳選項(xiàng)。 Every morning，on my way to work，I see homeless people sleeping on sidewalks.Clearly，theyre in need of __1__.I feel it a(n) __2__ to see this，and most people walk by, __3__ the homeless dont exist，and dont offer any help at all，not even a __4__.Recently，its been extremely cold，making things especially __5__ for the homeless. Usually I arrive at work around 8 am，when the homeless are still asleep.Im not sure whether its a good __6__ to leave something for them while theyre __7__ ，as it may get stolen or they may not even __8__ it. Today，I __9__ someone，who seemed to be homeless，sitting on the sidewalk，awake.I had some time __10__ I was due to start work，so I dashed across the street to ask if I could get anything for him to drink or eat.He wanted a cola，so I went and got this for him __11__ a banana. I gave him the drink and banana，then went back to my office across the street，and went upstairs to get the bag I recently __12__ with everyday items.Id been planning to give it to someone in need，so this was a great __13__.I hurried back to give the bag to the stranger，who was __14__. Society may feel unfortable with homeless people.__15__ ，we must remember theyre just like us.Theyre just down on their __16__ for different reasons.If we __17__ to those in need，our hearts will grow and we can __18__ make our world better. Singer Phil Collins sang a song titled Another Day in Paradise，which __19__ us to be grateful for the many blessings we have and not to __20__ those who are less fortunate. 1．A.balance　　　　B．significance C．performance D．a(chǎn)ssistance 2．A.duty B．regret C．a(chǎn)dvance D．equality 3．A.imagining B．expecting C．pretending D．a(chǎn)nnouncing 4．A.word B．hug C．pity D．gift 5．A.absurd B．boring C．plex D．touch 6．A.idea B．excuse C．lesson D．reason 7．A.relaxed B．a(chǎn)bsentminded C．unaware D．dizzy 8．A.know B．want C．share D．a(chǎn)fford 9．A.spotted B．a(chǎn)pproached C．recognized D．interviewed 10．A.when B．since C．before D．unless 11．A.instead of B．except for C．regardless of D．a(chǎn)long with 12．A.replaced B．packed C．decorated D．bined 13．A.trial B．honor C．opportunity D．reward 14．A.grateful B．careful C．hopeful D．skillful 15．A.Besides B．Therefore C．Meanwhile D．However 16．A.effort B．luck C．a(chǎn)ppearance D．reputation 17．A.look out B．break out C．reach out D．turn out 18．A.truly B．properly C．deliberately D．a(chǎn)pproximately 19．A.intends B．reminds C．promises D．persuades 20．A.trick B．blame C．doubt D．forget 【解題導(dǎo)語(yǔ)】本文主要講述了作者幫助無(wú)家可歸的人的故事。 【核心詞匯】extremely adv.極其，極端　dash v．急奔，急馳，猛沖　paradise n．天堂　blessing n．上帝的恩寵，祝福 1．D　根據(jù)下文的“dont offer any help at all”可知，這些無(wú)家可歸的人需要幫助。assistance意為“幫助”。故選D。 2．B　根據(jù)下文作者幫助無(wú)家可歸的人可推知，作者同情這些無(wú)家可歸的人，看到他們睡在大街上感到很是遺憾。故選B。 3．C　根據(jù)“and dont offer any help at all”并結(jié)合上文的“I feel it a(n) __2__ to see this”可推知，大部分的路人對(duì)無(wú)家可歸的人漠不關(guān)心，視而不見，即假裝(pretending)沒(méi)看到。 4．A　根據(jù)“even”可推知，大部分人不僅不提供幫助，甚至連一句問(wèn)候都沒(méi)有。 5．D　根據(jù)空前的“its been extremely cold”并結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可推知，天氣特別寒冷，無(wú)家可歸的人的日子更加艱難(tough)。 6．A　結(jié)合語(yǔ)境可知，作者不確定自己的那種做法是否是好主意(idea)。 7．C　承接上文的“Usually I arrive at work around 8 am，when the homeless are still asleep”可推知，無(wú)家可歸的人在作者早上開始上班時(shí)還都在睡覺(jué)，是不會(huì)覺(jué)察到的(unaware)。 8．B　根據(jù)“even”的提示并結(jié)合上文作者的猶豫可推知，作者不確定自己對(duì)他們的幫助是否正是無(wú)家可歸的人所需要的。 9．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，作者在人行道上發(fā)現(xiàn)了一個(gè)醒著的無(wú)家可歸的人。spot表示“發(fā)現(xiàn)”，符合語(yǔ)境。 10．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者離上班還有些時(shí)間，所以選C。 11．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境以及下文的“I gave him the drink and banana”可推知，作者順便還給這個(gè)人帶了香蕉。along with表示“除……以外(還)”。 12．B　根據(jù)空后的“with everyday items”可知，作者包里裝著每天的必需品。pack with sth.表示“裝著某物”。 13．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，作者認(rèn)為這是一個(gè)極好的幫助無(wú)家可歸的人的機(jī)會(huì)。 14．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，把自己的東西饋贈(zèng)給他人，別人是感恩的(grateful)。 15．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，前后句表示邏輯上的轉(zhuǎn)折關(guān)系，故選D。 16．B　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，那些無(wú)家可歸的人只是由于某種原因一時(shí)窮困潦倒而已，down on ones luck表示“窮困潦倒”。 17．C　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，如果我們?cè)敢鈳椭麄?，世界?huì)變得更美好。reach out to sb.表示“愿意為某人提供幫助”。 18．A　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，幫助他人的確會(huì)讓我們的世界變得更美好。truly“的確，真實(shí)地”；properly“恰當(dāng)?shù)亍?；deliberately“故意地”；approximately“大約”。 19．B　Phil Collins的歌提醒我們要感恩。remind sb.to do sth.意為“提醒某人做某事”符合語(yǔ)境。 20．D　根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可推知，人們不要忘記那些不幸的人。 四、單句改錯(cuò) 1．Youll be faced with two choices—whether to be fired or not, depend on your performance in the work. ______________________________________________________ 答案：depend→depending　句中已有謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞be faced with且無(wú)連詞，故depend應(yīng)用非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞形式。depending on ... 現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)在句中作狀語(yǔ)。 2．We had a thoroughly cleaning of our house at the weekend. ______________________________________________________ 答案：thoroughly→thorough　此處需用形容詞thorough來(lái)修飾動(dòng)名詞cleaning，故改為thorough。 3．It is demanded that a doctor must be sent for. ______________________________________________________ 答案：must→should或去掉must　demand后跟賓語(yǔ)從句、主語(yǔ)從句、表語(yǔ)從句或同位語(yǔ)從句時(shí)，從句應(yīng)用虛擬語(yǔ)氣，其謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞應(yīng)用“should＋動(dòng)詞原形”，should可以省略。 4．They are all eager to the chance to be the top ones in the world petition as athletes. ______________________________________________________ 答案：第一個(gè)to→for　be eager for sth. “渴望(得到)某物”。 5．Youd better put on a thick sweater in case of it snows. ______________________________________________________ 答案：去掉of　in case of sth. “如果；假使”；in case＋從句“萬(wàn)一/以防……；如果/假使……”。根據(jù)從句“it snows”可知應(yīng)用in case，故去掉of。 五、短文改錯(cuò) Last week，I take part in the Cultural Exchange Week.I enjoyed myself in England.I visited the city museum and several place of interest，which made me have better understanding of the English society，culture and history. Whats more，I was luckily enough to meet my pen friend Tom there.I stayed at his home.And Ill never forget the days when we spent together.When I left England，he offered to me a dictionary for a gift.Its of great help for me to learn English.I will make full use of them and learn English good. I hope Tom will e to China when its convenience for him! 【答案】 Last week，I part in the Cultural Exchange Week.I enjoyed myself in England.I visited the city museum and several of interest，which made me have better understanding of the English society，culture and history. Whats more，I was enough to meet my pen friend Tom there.I stayed at his home.And Ill never forget the days 或 　 we spent together.When I left England，he offered me a dictionary a gift.Its of great help for me to learn English.I will make full use of and learn English . I hope Tom will e to China when its for him! 第一處：考查動(dòng)詞的時(shí)態(tài)。根據(jù)時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)“l(fā)ast week”可知，此處敘述的是過(guò)去的事情，應(yīng)用一般過(guò)去時(shí)。故將take改為took。 第二處：考查名詞的復(fù)數(shù)。place of interest意為“名勝古跡”，其中place是可數(shù)名詞，前面有several修飾，應(yīng)用其復(fù)數(shù)形式。故將place改為places。 第三處：考查冠詞。have a better understanding of...為固定結(jié)構(gòu)，意為“對(duì)……有更好的了解”。故在better之前加a。 第四處：考查形容詞。luckily是副詞，意為“幸運(yùn)地”，用來(lái)修飾動(dòng)詞或者形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。故將luckily改為lucky。 第五處：考查定語(yǔ)從句。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，從句“we spent together”中缺少賓語(yǔ)，補(bǔ)充完整是：we spent the days together。when引導(dǎo)定語(yǔ)從句時(shí)作時(shí)間狀語(yǔ)。因此應(yīng)用關(guān)系代詞引導(dǎo)該定語(yǔ)從句，在從句中作賓語(yǔ)，故可將when改為that/which；當(dāng)關(guān)系代詞在定語(yǔ)從句中作賓語(yǔ)時(shí)，可以省略，故也可去掉when。 第六處：考查介詞。動(dòng)詞offer是及物動(dòng)詞，可直接接賓語(yǔ)。offer sb.sth.意為“給某人提供某物”，不需要加介詞。故去掉to。 第七處：考查介詞。介詞for通常后接對(duì)象，意為“為……，給……，對(duì)……而言”；as作介詞時(shí)，意為“作為，以……身份”。此處指他給了“我”一本字典作為禮物。故將for改為as。 第八處：考查人稱代詞。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知，此處應(yīng)用it指代上文中提到的a dictionary，表示單數(shù)概念。故將them改為it。 第九處：考查副詞。此處應(yīng)用副詞修飾動(dòng)詞learn，表示學(xué)好英語(yǔ)。故將good改為well。 第十處：考查形容詞。此處應(yīng)用形容詞作表語(yǔ)。its convenient for sb.為固定句型，意為“對(duì)某人來(lái)說(shuō)很方便”。故將convenience改為convenient。