2019年高考英語(yǔ) 糾錯(cuò)筆記系列 專(zhuān)題05 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞（含解析）.doc

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專(zhuān)題05 非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞 1. Lily doesn’t feel like __________ （study）abroad. Her parents are old. （單句語(yǔ)法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤填to study。like to do sth. 喜歡做某事，偶爾一次喜歡做某事；like doing sth.后跟動(dòng)詞不定式，經(jīng)常性地喜歡做某事?？吹絣ike，容易誤填to study。此句表示莉莉不想要出國(guó)留學(xué)，feel like doing sth. 想要做某事。 【參考答案】studying 動(dòng)名詞與不定式的不同 1) 動(dòng)名詞與不定式的區(qū)別 動(dòng)名詞 狀態(tài)，性質(zhì)，心境，抽象，經(jīng)常性，已發(fā)生的 不定式 目的，結(jié)果，原因，具體，一次性，將發(fā)生的 2) 接不定式或動(dòng)名詞，意義相近，如：begin/start to do = begin/start doing; continue to do =continue doing。 3) 動(dòng)名詞與不定式語(yǔ)義不同的有11組： stop to do stop doing forget to do forget doing remember to do remember doing regret to do regret doing cease to do cease doing try to do try doing go on to do go on doing afraid to do afraid doing interested to do interested doing mean to do mean doing begin / start to do begin/ start doing 常見(jiàn)考法 1. 不定式作狀語(yǔ)； 2. it作形式主語(yǔ)代替后面的不定式； 3. 不定式的否定形式； 4. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中的不定式； 5. 不定式省to情況； 6. 不定式作定語(yǔ)的情況。 誤區(qū)提醒 1. 不定式的不同形式誤用； 2. 被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中仍然省to； 3. 否定形式not位置弄錯(cuò)； 4. 主動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)中該省to不??； 5. 不定式作定語(yǔ)時(shí)丟內(nèi)容。 動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ) a. 作動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)，某些及物動(dòng)詞后面直接接賓語(yǔ)時(shí)只能加動(dòng)名詞，不能加不定式，如advise, allow, permit, avoid, consider, enjoy, finish, imagine, include, keep, mind, miss, delay, practice, resist, suggest, escape, bear等。 ?Mark often attempts to escape being fined whenever he breaks traffic regulations. 每當(dāng)違反交通規(guī)則時(shí)，Mark總是嘗試著逃脫懲罰。 b. 作介詞的賓語(yǔ)（單個(gè)介詞或最后是介詞的動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)），如depend on, think about, set about, succeed in, worry about, burst into, be used to, get used to, devote…to…, look forward to, pay attention to, get down to等。 ?We are against killing small animals. 我們反對(duì)屠殺小動(dòng)物。 ?Shall we have a rest or get down to doing our work? 我們是休息一下還是繼續(xù)工作？ c. 作短語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的賓語(yǔ)give up, keep on, put off, insist on等。 ?He is often persuaded to give up smoking. 他總是被勸戒煙。 d. 其他情況be worth, be busy, can’t help, can’t stand等。 ?The music is well worth listening to more than once. 這音樂(lè)值得反復(fù)聽(tīng)。 ?We are busy preparing for the ing sports meet. 我們忙著為即將到來(lái)的運(yùn)動(dòng)會(huì)做準(zhǔn)備。 不定式作賓語(yǔ) ?I want to speak to Tom. 我想跟Tom談?wù)劇? ?Please show us how to do that. 請(qǐng)給我們演示一下怎么操作。 2. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about __________（be）late for school. （單句語(yǔ)法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤填been或be。worried about...是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)作狀語(yǔ)， 【試題解析】句意：一天早上，我正在等公交車(chē)，擔(dān)心上學(xué)會(huì)遲到。介詞about后面用名詞或動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，故填being。 【參考答案】being 3. __________ （ignore）the differences between the two research findings will be one of the worst mistakes you make. （單句語(yǔ)法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】分析不清句子成分，易誤填I(lǐng)gnore。 【參考答案】Ignoring 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)： a. 直接位于句首作主語(yǔ)。 ?Swimming is a good sport in summer. 夏天游泳是一項(xiàng)很不錯(cuò)的運(yùn)動(dòng)。 b. it作形式主語(yǔ)，常見(jiàn)的能用于這種結(jié)構(gòu)的形容詞還有：better, wonderful, enjoyable, interesting, foolish, difficult, useless, senseless, worthwhile等。 ?It is no use telling him not to worry. 告訴他沒(méi)必要擔(dān)心。 注意：important, essential, necessary之后常用不定式。 c. 用于＂There be＂結(jié)構(gòu)中。 ?There is no saying when he’ll e. 不知道他什么時(shí)候回來(lái)。 d. 用于布告形式的省略結(jié)構(gòu)中。 ?No smoking (=No smoking is allowed (here).（這里）禁止抽煙。 ?No parking. 禁止停車(chē)。 e. 動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)。 ?Their ing to help was a great encouragement to us. 他們的到來(lái)及提供的幫助對(duì)我們來(lái)說(shuō)是極大地鼓勵(lì)。 動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)與動(dòng)詞不定式作主語(yǔ)的比較 a. 動(dòng)名詞多用來(lái)表示泛指，不定式多用來(lái)表示特指。 ?Smoking is not good for health. 抽煙對(duì)健康有害。 ?It is not good for you to smoke so much. 抽這么多煙對(duì)你不好。 b. 在It is no use..., It is no good..., It is fun..., It is a waste of time...等句型中，常用動(dòng)名詞作真實(shí)主語(yǔ)。 ?It is no use talking about that. 說(shuō)那些沒(méi)有用。 ?It is no good quarreling with him. 跟他吵架沒(méi)好處。 c. 在疑問(wèn)句中，通常用動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，不用不定式的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作主語(yǔ)。 ?Does your saying that mean anything to him? 你說(shuō)那個(gè)對(duì)他意味著什么對(duì)嗎？ d. 在＂There be＂句型中，只能用動(dòng)名詞，而不能用不定式作主語(yǔ)。 ?There is no telling what will happen. 沒(méi)有被告知將要發(fā)生什么。 e. 句子中的主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)都是非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞時(shí)，要遵循前后一致的原則，主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)在形式上要求統(tǒng)一： ?Seeing is believing. / To see is to believe. 眼見(jiàn)為實(shí)。 4. No, he went off to his tennis match before I finished __________ （make）them, so he couldn’t have done it. 常見(jiàn)后跟動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞有： acknowledge承認(rèn)，自認(rèn) cease 停止 mention說(shuō)到，講到 admit 承認(rèn) tolerate忍受 dislike不喜歡，討厭 advocate提倡，主張 plete完成 dread可怕 appreciate感激，欣賞 confess坦白 endure忍受 avoid避免 contemplate細(xì)想 enjoy享有，喜愛(ài) bear忍受 defer拖延 envy嫉妒 can’t help不禁 delay延遲 escape逃跑，逃避 can’t stand受不了 deny否認(rèn) excuse借口 consider 考慮 detest嫌惡 fancy幻想，愛(ài)好 favor 造成，偏愛(ài) mind介意 repent悔悟 figure描繪，計(jì)算 miss錯(cuò)過(guò) resent怨恨 finish完成，結(jié)束不得 pardon原諒，饒恕 resist抵抗，阻止 forgive原諒 permit 允許 resume恢復(fù) imagine設(shè)想 postpone延遲，延期 risk冒險(xiǎn) involve卷入，包含 practise實(shí)行，實(shí)踐 suggest建議 hate討厭 prevent阻止 save營(yíng)救，儲(chǔ)蓄 keep保持 quit放棄停止 stand堅(jiān)持，忍受 loathe非常討厭，厭惡 recall回想 5. When I came in, my naughty son pretended __________（read）. 常見(jiàn)后跟動(dòng)詞不定式的動(dòng)詞有： attempt企圖 enable能夠 neglect忽視 afford負(fù)擔(dān)得起 demand要求 long渴望 arrange安排 destine注定 mean意欲，打算 begin開(kāi)始 expect期望 omit忽略，漏 appear似乎，顯得 determine決定 manage設(shè)法 cease停止 hate憎恨，厭惡 pretend假裝 ask問(wèn) dread害怕 need需要 agree同意 desire愿望 love愛(ài) swear宣誓 volunteer志愿 wish希望 bear承受 endeavor努力 offer提供 beg請(qǐng)求 fail不能 plan計(jì)劃 bother擾亂；煩惱 forget忘記 prefer喜歡，寧愿 care關(guān)心，喜歡 happen碰巧 prepare準(zhǔn)備 decide決定 learn學(xué)習(xí) regret抱歉，遺憾 choose選擇 hesitate猶豫 profess表明 claim要求 hope希望 promise承諾，允許 start開(kāi)始 undertake承接 want想要 consent同意，贊同 intend想要 refuse拒絕 decide決定 learn學(xué)習(xí) vow起 contrive設(shè)法，圖謀 incline有……傾向 propose提議 seek找，尋覓 try試圖 【歸納】 決心學(xué)會(huì)想希望，拒絕設(shè)法愿假裝。 主動(dòng)答應(yīng)選計(jì)劃，同意請(qǐng)求幫一幫。 decide/determine, learn, want, expect/hope/wish, refuse, manage, care, pretend, offer, promise, choose, plan, agree, ask/beg, help 1. The chair looks rather hard, but in fact it is very fortable to _______. A. sit B. sit on C. be seat D. be sat on 【答案】B 2. —I usually go there by train. —Why not _______ by boat for a change? A. to try going B. trying to go C. to try and go D. try going 【解析】why not后面接不帶to的不定式，故選D。 【答案】D 3. Paul doesn’t have to be made _______. He always works hard. A. learn B. to learn C. learned D. learning 【解析】make后接不帶to的動(dòng)詞不定式，當(dāng)其用于被動(dòng)時(shí)，to不可省略，故選B。 【答案】B 4. She pretended _______ me when I passed by. A. not to see B. not seeing C. to not see D. having not seen 【解析】pretend后應(yīng)接不定式。其否定形式為pretend not to do sth.。 【答案】A 5. The patient was warned _______ only food after the operation. A. to eat no B. eating not C. not to eat D. not eating 【解析】warn一詞要求后用不定式，否定形式為be warned not to do。 【答案】C 6. Days of snowstorms have left the city ________ under thick layers of ice and some 50,000 homes without power. A. to be trapped B. trapped C. having trapped D. being trapped 【答案】B 7. Experts warn that medical waste from hospitals, if ________ properly, may contribute to spreading diseases. A. not handled B. not being handled C. not to be handled D. not having been handled 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：專(zhuān)家警告說(shuō)，如果醫(yī)院的醫(yī)療垃圾不能恰當(dāng)處理，可能會(huì)導(dǎo)致疾病的蔓延。if條件句中省略的主語(yǔ)是medical waste from hospitals，與handle之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選A項(xiàng)。 【答案】A 8. Faced with a bill for $10,000, ________. A. Smith has taken an extra job B. the boss has given Smith an extra job C. an extra job has been taken D. an extra job has been given to Smith 【答案】A 1. A study of travelers __________ （conduct）by the website TripAdvisor names Yangshuo as one of the top 10 destinations in the world. 【錯(cuò)因分析】conducting。有的考生以為此處為-ing形式作后置定語(yǔ)而誤填conducting。 【試題解析】根據(jù)句意和句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，study和conduct之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系（同時(shí)注意空格后的介詞by），所以使用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 【參考答案】conducted。 過(guò)去分詞只有一種形式：規(guī)則動(dòng)詞由動(dòng)詞原形加詞尾-ed構(gòu)成。不規(guī)則動(dòng)詞的過(guò)去分詞沒(méi)有統(tǒng)一的規(guī)則要求，要一一記住。 過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ) ?Our class went on an organized trip last Monday. 上周一我們班開(kāi)展了一次有組織的旅行。 ?Those selected as mittee members will attend the meeting. 當(dāng)選為委員的人將出席這次會(huì)。 注意 當(dāng)過(guò)去分詞是單詞時(shí)，一般用于名詞前，如果是過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)，就放在名詞的后面。過(guò)去分詞作定語(yǔ)相當(dāng)于一個(gè)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)的定語(yǔ)從句。 動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)和動(dòng)詞不定式作定語(yǔ) 動(dòng)名詞作定語(yǔ)往往表示被修飾詞的某種用途。如： ?a walking stick =a stick for walking=a stick which is used for walking ?a washing machine=a machine for washing=a machine which is used for washing ?a reading room=a room for reading=a room which is used for reading 不定式作定語(yǔ)通常要放在被修飾的詞后。 ?I have a lot of work to do. 我有很多工作要做。 2. What makes the adobe dwellings admirable is their ability to ＂air condition＂ a house without ________（use）electric equipment. 動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的同與不同 相同之處：它們都是由動(dòng)詞變化而成的，它們都保留了動(dòng)詞的某些特征，它們都能帶自己的賓語(yǔ)、狀語(yǔ)，而構(gòu)成動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)或是現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)去擔(dān)當(dāng)句子成分。 ?Speaking in the public, he will surely be very cheerful. 能做演講，他肯定很開(kāi)心。（現(xiàn)在分詞短語(yǔ)，作狀語(yǔ)） ?She hates speaking in the public. 她討厭做演講。（動(dòng)名詞短語(yǔ)，作賓語(yǔ)） 區(qū)別： 1）動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用于系動(dòng)詞之后作表語(yǔ)，區(qū)別方法是： a. 作表語(yǔ)的動(dòng)名詞與主語(yǔ)指的是同一件事，此時(shí)系動(dòng)詞相當(dāng)于＂是＂，通常把主語(yǔ)和表語(yǔ)的位置互換，語(yǔ)法和意思不變。 ?My hobby is swimming.可改為：Swimming is my hobby. 我的愛(ài)好是游泳。 b. 現(xiàn)在分詞作表語(yǔ)主要用以說(shuō)明主語(yǔ)的性質(zhì),不能與主語(yǔ)互換位置，例如： ?The story is interesting. 不可改為：Interesting is the story. 這個(gè)故事很有趣。 2）動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞都可以用作定語(yǔ)來(lái)修飾名詞，區(qū)別在于：動(dòng)名詞修飾名詞時(shí)主要表示該名詞的用途，而現(xiàn)在分詞修飾名詞時(shí)表性質(zhì)、狀態(tài)或動(dòng)作等。比較： a swimming boy 一個(gè)正在游泳的男孩，即a boy who is swimming，現(xiàn)在分詞swimming表示被修飾名詞boy的動(dòng)作。 a swimming suit 游泳衣，即a suit for swimming，動(dòng)名詞swimming表示suit 的用途。 常見(jiàn)考法 1. 動(dòng)名詞做主語(yǔ)時(shí)，謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞的數(shù)； 2. 在動(dòng)名詞和不定式中，作為介詞的賓語(yǔ)是動(dòng)名詞； 3. 動(dòng)名詞的否定直接在其前加否定詞，通過(guò)代詞的賓格或所有格形式給出邏輯主語(yǔ)； 4. 有些詞后只能接動(dòng)名詞； 5. 另外還有一些接-ing形式的常用說(shuō)法。 誤區(qū)提醒 1. 動(dòng)名詞(短語(yǔ))作主語(yǔ)，謂語(yǔ)數(shù)用錯(cuò)； 2. to作不定式符號(hào)和介詞分不清； 3. 否定形式not位置不對(duì)； 4. 動(dòng)名詞和現(xiàn)在分詞的用法弄混； 5. 只接動(dòng)名詞的動(dòng)詞和短語(yǔ)、句型識(shí)記不完整。 1.(2018北京卷單項(xiàng)填空) Ordinary soap, _________ correctly, can deal with bacteria effectively. A. used B. to use C. using D. use 【答案】A 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：如果正確使用的話(huà)，普通的肥皂可以有效地處理細(xì)菌。Ordinary soap can deal with bacterial effectively是主句，_________ correctly是條件狀語(yǔ)，修飾ordinary soap，ordinary soap和use之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故要用過(guò)去分詞，A選項(xiàng)正確。 2. I would appreciate __________ back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. you’re calling 【解析】appreciate后可直接加動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)，也可加動(dòng)名詞的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。故選C。 【答案】C 3. What worried the child most was __________ to visit his mother in the hospital. A. his not allowing B. his not being allowed C. his being not allowed D. having not been allowed 【解析】錯(cuò)選C或D。本題為動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)作表語(yǔ)。Doing的否定形式not要加在前面，這點(diǎn)一定要注意。此外，此處應(yīng)表被動(dòng)，故選B。 【答案】B 4. __________ the meeting himself gave them a great deal of encouragement. A. The president will attend B. The president to attend C. The president attended D. The president’s attending 【解析】錯(cuò)選C。此句缺少主語(yǔ)。A、C為句子，但無(wú)引導(dǎo)詞，故排除;B項(xiàng)邏輯上及形式上都不對(duì)。正確答案D，為一動(dòng)名詞復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)。 【答案】D 5. On the bank of the river, we found him __________ on a bench, with his eyes __________ on a kite in the sky. A. seated; fixing B. sitting; fixing C. seated; being fixed D. sitting; fixed 【答案】D 6. __________ by beautiful green mountains and located at the foot of Lushan Mountain makes it a famous tourist attraction. A. Surrounded B. Being surrounded C. Having been surrounded D. Surrounding 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：被美麗的綠色的山包圍著而且位于廬山的山腳下使得它成為一個(gè)著名的旅游勝地。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少主語(yǔ)，且surround與it之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用動(dòng)名詞的被動(dòng)式，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 7. As is known to all, Montreal is the second largest French-speaking city in the world, __________. A. Paris is the largest B. Paris being the largest C. Paris to be the largest D. Paris be the largest 【答案】B 8. Put everything __________ to you in your bag, not others. A. belongs B. belonged C. belonging D. to belong 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：把所有屬于你的物品而不是別人的放進(jìn)你的包里。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，此處是分詞作定語(yǔ)，belong to是不及物動(dòng)詞短語(yǔ)，無(wú)被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，與everything之間是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用現(xiàn)在分詞，故選C項(xiàng)。 【答案】C 9. Everyone in this country should work hard and do what they can __________ against national smog. A. fight B. fought C. fighting D. to fight 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：這個(gè)國(guó)家的每個(gè)人都應(yīng)該努力并盡自己所能去抵抗全國(guó)性的霧霾。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，what they can是do的賓語(yǔ)，后面應(yīng)該接不定式表目的，故選D項(xiàng)。 【答案】D 10. —Shall we put off the match because of the bad weather? —No. Rain or shine, the match will be held as __________. A. schedule B. scheduling C. scheduled D. to schedule 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：＂天氣不好，我們要不要推遲比賽？＂＂不用，不論晴天還是雨天，比賽都將按期舉行。＂as后省略了it is/has been，match和schedule之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，所以用過(guò)去分詞，故選C項(xiàng)。 【答案】C 1. Peter’s Chinese was poor when he came to China, so he couldn’t make himself __________ （understand）.（單句語(yǔ)法填空） 【錯(cuò)因分析】易誤填understand。有些同學(xué)一看到make，就想起了make sb. do sth. 使某人做某事。易誤填understand。但是此句中主語(yǔ)是he，make后面是himself，表達(dá)的是使他自己被聽(tīng)懂，被弄明白。make oneself done使某人自己被……。 【參考答案】understood 過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ) ?I heard the song sung several times last week. 上周我聽(tīng)見(jiàn)這首歌被唱了好幾次。 有時(shí)過(guò)去分詞作with短語(yǔ)中的賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 ?With the work done, they went out to play. 工作做完了，他們出去玩去了。 2. He had his watch __________ (steal) on the bus the other day. 【錯(cuò)因分析】to be stone。有的考生誤以為是不定式的被動(dòng)式作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)，從而誤填to be stolen。 【試題解析】根據(jù)句意，這里是被動(dòng)，由have sth done（使某物被做）可知，空格處應(yīng)該填steal的過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。本句意為：前幾天在公交車(chē)上他的手表被人偷了。 【參考答案】stolen 不定式作賓補(bǔ) ?Father will not allow us to play on the street. 爸爸不允許我們?cè)诮稚贤嫠！? 1.(2018天津卷單項(xiàng)填空)I need a new passport so I will have to have my photographs___________. A. taking B. taken C. being taken D. take 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：我需要一個(gè)新護(hù)照，所以我將不得不拍照片。本題考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)，賓語(yǔ)my photograph與補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)之間為被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。C項(xiàng)表示正在進(jìn)行。故選B。 【答案】B 2. Unless ________, the fridge won’t work properly. A. repairing B. having repaired C. being repaired D. repaired 【答案】D 3. —What’s in the parcel? —Some clothes ________ to our son this afternoon. A. sent B. being sent C. to send D. to be sent 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：＂那個(gè)包裹里面裝著什么？＂＂一些下午要送給兒子的衣服。＂由this afternoon可知，此處表示將來(lái)的動(dòng)作，故用不定式形式；又由于clothes和send之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故選D項(xiàng)。 【答案】D 4. The young actor has broken his marriage faith with his wife for another actress, ________ much ment against him in blogs. A. setting off B. to set apart C. setting forth D. to set on 【答案】A 5. ________ a new house is impossible for the young couple because they haven’t saved enough money. A. Buy B. Buying C. Bought D. Having bought 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：買(mǎi)一套新房對(duì)這對(duì)年輕夫婦來(lái)說(shuō)是不可能的，因?yàn)樗麄儧](méi)有攢到足夠的錢(qián)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少主語(yǔ)，所以用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，故選B項(xiàng)。 【答案】B 6. Every book ________ from the library should be returned on time. A. borrow B. to borrow C. borrowing D. borrowed 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：從圖書(shū)館借的每本書(shū)都要按時(shí)歸還。句中用分詞作定語(yǔ)，every book和borrow之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以用過(guò)去分詞，故選D。 【答案】D 7. ________ from J. K. Rowling’s book series of the same title, the Harry Potter movies are universally acknowledged as classics. A. Adapting B. Having adapted C. Adapted D. To be adapted 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：改編自J.K.羅琳的同名小說(shuō)，《哈利?波特》系列電影被普遍認(rèn)為是經(jīng)典影片。句中用分詞作狀語(yǔ)，movies和adapt之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，且動(dòng)作已完成，用過(guò)去分詞，故選C。 【答案】C 8. ________ to teaching, as we know, contributes to his popularity with his students. A. To devote B. Devoted C. Being devoted D. Devoting 【解析】考查非謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞。句意：正如我們知道的那樣，對(duì)教學(xué)的熱愛(ài)使得他受到學(xué)生的愛(ài)戴。be devoted to獻(xiàn)身于，熱愛(ài)。分析句子結(jié)構(gòu)可知，句子缺少主語(yǔ)，所以用動(dòng)名詞作主語(yǔ)，故選C。 【答案】C 9. Please speak aloud to make yourself _________ (hear). 【解析】根據(jù)句意，這里是被動(dòng)，由make sth done（使某物被做）可知，空格處應(yīng)該填hear的過(guò)去分詞作補(bǔ)語(yǔ)。本句意為：請(qǐng)大聲點(diǎn)講以便讓別人聽(tīng)見(jiàn)。 【答案】heard 1. He suddenly appeared in class one day, _________ (wear) sun glasses. 【答案】wearing 2. One morning, I was waiting at the bus stop, worried about _________ (be) late for school. 【答案】being 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。介詞about后應(yīng)該跟名詞或動(dòng)名詞，故用being。 3. I heard a passenger behind me shouting to the driver, but he refused _________ (stop) until we reached the next stop. 【答案】to stop 【解析】考查不定式。動(dòng)詞refuse后要接不定式作賓語(yǔ)，refuse to do sth拒絕做某事。 4. Still, the boy kept _________ (ride). He was carrying something over his shoulder and shouting. 【答案】riding 【解析】考查固定短語(yǔ)。然而這個(gè)男孩一直騎個(gè)不停。keep doing sth一直做某事。 5. We got a little _________ (sunburn), but the day had been so relaxing that we didn’t mind. 【答案】sunburned/ sunburnt 【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞。我們有點(diǎn)曬黑了。動(dòng)詞sunburn曬黑，此處get＋done結(jié)構(gòu)為被動(dòng)結(jié)構(gòu)，表示某一事件或事故的發(fā)生，著重強(qiáng)調(diào)動(dòng)作。 6. My older brother and I are busy _________ (arrange) a trip to Africa. 【答案】arranging 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。be busy (in) doing...忙于做某事。 7. Qu was a minister of the State of Chu _________ (situate) in present day Hunan and Hubei Provinces，during the Warring States Period(戰(zhàn)國(guó)時(shí)期). 【答案】situated 【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞。表示位于何地時(shí)，用be situated in/on。過(guò)去分詞situated作定語(yǔ)，相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句which was situated...。 8. Last weekend as I was riding in the bike lane alongside the truck, we reached a crossing and it turned to the right, _________ (hit) me and my bicycle. 【答案】hitting 9. After luckily _________ (succeed) in the national college entrance examination, I realized my dream again: after graduation, I became a citizen working in a city. 【答案】succeeding 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。介詞after后要用動(dòng)名詞作賓語(yǔ)。 10. Most of the fish there was _________ (freeze), but we had not much trouble finding some fresh fish at the other part of the market. 【答案】frozen 【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞。此處作表語(yǔ)，表狀態(tài)，要用frozen(冰凍的)。 11. Well, it always takes time to consider before _________ (make) a decision. 【答案】making 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。在做決定之前要認(rèn)真考慮。before是介詞，后跟動(dòng)名詞。 12. Now, the merchant’s 1st wife is a very loyal partner and has made great contributions in maintaining his wealth and business as well as _________ (take) care of the household. 【答案】taking 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。as well as連接并列結(jié)構(gòu)，take在形式上要與maintain保持一致。 13. Eventually, I decided _________ (contact) University Student Legal Services for help about this matter. 【答案】to contact 【解析】考查不定式。decide to do...決定做某事。 14. Woo Sing stopped _________ (think) about these strange actions, saying to himself, ＂This boy is fooling me. He does everything that I do.＂ 【答案】to think 【解析】考查不定式。Woo Sing停下來(lái)想這些奇怪的行為…… stop to do sth停下來(lái)去做某事。 15. Most probably, it may lead to a small talk which often brings harm or disrespect to others, thus _________ (hurt) others’ feelings. 【答案】hurting 16. Yes, and there is a lot of points of view when you listen to talk shows. I usually enjoy _________ (listen) to them. 【答案】listening 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。enjoy doing喜歡做某事。 17. Taking a taxi is five times as expensive as _________ (take) a bus. 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。這里taking a bus和taking a taxi進(jìn)行比較。 【答案】taking 18. I then realized she had no arms or legs, just a head, a neck and upper body, _________ (dress) in a little white skirt. 【答案】dressed 【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞。此處過(guò)去分詞短語(yǔ)dressed in...相當(dāng)于定語(yǔ)從句who was dressed in...。 19. The price of tea _________ (pick) in March is extremely high. 【答案】picked 【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞。tea與動(dòng)詞pick之間是被動(dòng)關(guān)系，故用過(guò)去分詞作后置定語(yǔ)。 20. We have also formed a special support group to help young people stop _________ (smoke). 【答案】smoking 【解析】考查動(dòng)名詞。stop to do sth 停下來(lái)去做某事；stop doing sth 停止正在做的事情。根據(jù)語(yǔ)境可知 ＂我們還成立了一個(gè)特殊的小組去幫助青少年戒煙＂。stop smoking戒煙。 21. We offer them three choices: the end of March, the middle of April and the beginning of May, and they chose the earliest one, which is good actually with exams _________ (e) up in May. 【答案】ing 【解析】這里是with的復(fù)合結(jié)構(gòu)，exam和e是主動(dòng)關(guān)系，所以要用現(xiàn)在分詞ing作賓語(yǔ)補(bǔ)足語(yǔ)。 22. We’ve got to remember this group wants to look at how the Internet is being _________ (use) in the classroom. 【答案】used 【解析】考查過(guò)去分詞。參觀團(tuán)想看看我們學(xué)校的網(wǎng)絡(luò)是如何被使用的。此處為現(xiàn)在進(jìn)行時(shí)的被動(dòng)語(yǔ)態(tài)，故要用過(guò)去分詞used。 23. An excellent reputation and high rankings are certainly important, according to a survey _________ (conduct) by Shanghai Municipal Education mission in 50 Shanghai high schools this summer. 【答案】conducted 24. In the beginning, there was only a very small amount of unfairness in the world, but everyone added a little, always _________ (think) that it was only small and not very important, and look where we have ended up today. 【答案】thinking 【解析】考查現(xiàn)在分詞。動(dòng)詞think與主語(yǔ)everyone之間為主動(dòng)關(guān)系，前面已經(jīng)有了謂語(yǔ)動(dòng)詞added，故要用現(xiàn)在分詞表伴隨。 25. She wished that he was as easy _________ (please) as her mother, who was always delighted with perfume. 【答案】to please 【解析】考查不定式。句意：她希望他像母親一樣容易滿(mǎn)足，母親總是喜歡香水。此處為sb /sth be ＋adj. ＋ to do結(jié)構(gòu)。 __________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________