2019高考英語 詞匯考查+題型練 Unit 5 Meeting your ancestors（含解析）新人教版選修8.doc

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Unit 5 一、詞匯復習 （一）單句語法填空 1、The boss of the pany is trying to create an easy atmosphere _______his employees enjoy their work. 答案：where　本句中定語從句“his employees enjoy their work”不缺主賓表，先行詞為atmosphere，表示“氣氛，氛圍”。將“in＋先行詞atmosphere”還原回從句中成立，因此答案為where。 2．(2015陜西，15改編)As the smallest child of his family，Alex is always longing for the time ________he should be able to be independent. 答案：when　分析結構可知，此處是定語從句，先行詞為time。定語從句為空格后句子，缺少時間狀語，用when引導。句意：作為家里最小的孩子，亞歷克斯總是渴望他應該能獨立的時候。 3. (2015安徽，28改編)Some experts think reading is the fundamental skill upon _______ school education depends. 答案：which　本句為定語從句。引導詞在定語從句中位于介詞upon的后面作賓語，故用關系代詞且指代先行詞the fundamental skill，因此用which。 4．(2015湖南，29改編)It is a truly delightful place, ______ looks the same as it must have done 100 years ago with its winding streets and pretty cottages. 答案：which　此句是一個非限制性定語從句，先行詞是place，定語從句中缺主語，故用關系代詞which。句意：這真是一個宜人的地方，這里蜿蜒的小路和美麗的小村莊一定和100年前看起來是一模一樣的。 5．(2015四川，3改編)The books on the desk，________covers are shiny，are prizes for us. 答案：whose　此句是非限制性定語從句，先行詞為the books，________和covers之間存在所屬關系，意為“書的封面”。句意：桌上的書是給我們的獎勵，那些書的封面閃閃發(fā)光。根據(jù)語境填whose。 （二）英漢互譯 1. △identify vt. __________ 2. alternative n. adj. __________ 3. △archaeology n. (<美>archeology) __________ 4. △archaeological adj. __________ 5. △archaeologist n. __________ 6. starvation n. __________ 7. tentative adj. __________ 8. accuracy n. __________ 9. △excavate vt. __________ 10. △excavation n. __________ 11. interrupt vt. & vi. __________ 12. acute adj. __________ 13. assume vt. __________ 14. regardless adv. __________ 15. regardless of __________ 16. mat n. __________ 17. quilt n. __________ 18. beast n. __________ 19. at most __________ 20. centimetre n. (<美>centimeter) __________ 21. sharpen vi. & vt. __________ 22. sharpener n. __________ 23. cut up __________ 24. △scrape vt. __________ 25. △scraper n. __________ 26. ample adj. __________ 27. messy adj. __________ 28. primitive adj. __________ 29. △bead n. __________ 30. botany n. __________ 31. botanical adj. __________ 32. analysis n. __________ 33. seashell n. __________ 34. ripen vt. & vi. __________ 35. category n. __________ 36. significance n. __________ 37. somehow adv. __________ 38. systematic adj. __________ 39. spit vt. (spat, spit; spat, spit) vi. __________ 40. delete vt. __________ 41. album n. __________ 42. scratch n. vt. __________ 43. academy n. __________ 44. receptionist n. __________ 45. onion n. __________ 46. kindergarten n. __________ 47. skateboard n. __________ 48. fed up with __________ 49. yogurt n. __________ 50. radioactive adj. __________ 51. radioactivity n. __________ 52. division n. __________ 53. BC __________ 54. melon n. __________ 55. wrinkle n. __________ 56. pulse vi. n. __________ 57. △vein n. __________ 58. applaud vi. & vt. __________ 59. look ahead __________ 60. howl vt. & vi. __________ 61. accelerate vi. & vt. __________ 62. spear n. __________ 63. arrest vt. n. __________ 64. dizzy adj. __________ 65. △eyebrow n. __________ 66. △cheekbone n. __________ 67. △arrowhead n. __________ 68. △axe n. __________ 69. hammer n. __________ 70. gay adj. __________ 71. gaily adv. __________ 72. skilful adj. __________ 73. date back __________ 74. punctuation n. __________ 75. △worship vt. & vi n. __________ 76. △craftsmanship n. __________ 二、閱讀理解 A Chinese paper cutting or "jianzhi" is the art of cutting paper designs, and the cut-outs are also used to decorate doors and windows, so they are sometimes called "chuang hua". Paper cutting has long been a symbol of Eastern charm. There are symmetrical(對稱的)designs that are usually created by some folding and cutting. When unfolded, it forms a symmetrical design. Chinese cut-outs are normally symmetrical and are usually in an even number series of 2, 4, 24,etc. The oldest surviving paper cut-out is a symmetrical circle from the early 6th century found in Xinjiang, China. From the 7th to 13th century, paper cutting became popular especially during Chinese festivals. The art spread to the rest of the world in the 14th century. Throughout the Qing Dynasty many paper cutting skills were developed including drafting and the use of smoked papers. By the end of the Qing ruling, however, paper cutting was once on the decline because new art forms were being introduced. The Republic of China later tried to revive the art in the 1980s. Today, paper cut-outs are chiefly decorative. They decorate walls, windows, doors, columns, mirrors, lamps and lanterns in homes and are also used on presents or are given as gifts themselves. Entrances decorated with paper cut-outs are supposed to bring good luck. Paper cut-outs used to be used as patterns, especially for embroidery(刺繡). There are two methods of manufacture: one uses scissors, the other uses knives. In the scissor method, several pieces of paper — up to eight — are fastened together. The image is then cut with sharp, pointed scissors. Knife cuttings are fashioned by putting several paper on a relatively soft foundation consisting of a mixture of oil and ashes. Skilled crafters can even cut out different drawings freely without stopping. 1.When can the existing oldest paper cutting date back to? A. about 1 500 years ago. B. about 1 600 years ago. C. about 1 400 years ago. D. about 600 years ago. 2.The underlined word "revive" in Paragraph 3 can be replaced by "_______". A. survive B. restore C. copy D. fix 3.Which of the following words can best summarize the last paragraph? A. History. B. Origin. C. Uses. D. Process. 4.What may be the best title of the text? A. Paper — the Eastern Charm B. The History of Paper Cutting C.A Brief Introduction to Paper Cutting D. Paper Cutting — Unbelievable Skilled Crafters 【文章大意】本文是一篇說明文。中國的剪紙藝術源遠流長，距今已有1 500多年的歷史。如今的剪紙主要用于裝飾。剪紙過程簡單但具有一定的文化特色。 1.A 【解析】細節(jié)理解題。根據(jù)文章第三段的首句中的關鍵信息"The oldest surviving paper cut-out...from the early 6th century found in Xinjiang, China"可知，該藝術始于六世紀早期，即500年左右，故用2017年減去500年，即可推知距今約1 500年。 3.D 【解析】段落大意題。最后一段介紹了剪紙的兩種方法，具體使用什么工具和怎樣操作。由此可推知本段講的是剪紙的過程，故用process概括此段較為合適。 4.C 【解析】標題歸納題。全篇從中國剪紙藝術的歷史、用途以及過程等全方位闡述了Paper Cutting，故用A Brief Introduction to Paper Cutting作為文章標題最合適。 B Those who claim bananas are fattening argue that bananas cause the body to make lots of insulin(胰島素), and insulin causes fat growth. How much insulin we produce is related to how fast food bees sugar in our bloodstream. How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指數(shù)), or GI rating tells us. Foods with GI scores above 75 are considered highGI foods, leading to faster sugar development. Bananas have a GI of 62, which is considered low. Weight loss can be a struggle for anyone, but it is especially hard for diabetics(糖尿病患者). A study looked at how the starch from unripe bananas affected the weight of a group of obese diabetics. After four weeks of a diet high in bananas, diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet. They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet. What’s more, bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers.(Bananas are the most powerful fruit for lowering the risk of kidney cancer.) Bananas are also a rich source of fiber, which has been shown to help weight loss. Bananas that still have some green on the skin are even higher in fiber. Skins from green bananas can be taken and, after removing the stem and dark tip, cut into small pieces 2－3 inches long and 1/2 inch wide. These pieces can be made into a tea or added to a dish. When you eat the skins, be sure you are eating organic bananas. The flesh of regular bananas is low in pesticides, but the skins are not. 【解題導語】　本文反駁了“吃香蕉會使人發(fā)胖”這一錯誤觀點，告訴大家香蕉不會使身體分泌很多胰島素而導致脂肪增加，相反，香蕉對身體健康有著諸多好處。 1．What conclusion can we draw from Paragraphs 1 & 2? A．Bananas are likely to make people fat. B．Insulin determines the amount of sugar. C．LowGI foods can turn into sugar more slowly. D．The faster the food bees sugar, the less insulin. C　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)第二段中“How can you know if food makes a lot of sugar quickly? The glycemic index(血糖指數(shù))．..faster sugar development.”可知，血糖指數(shù)高的食物往往能更快地轉化成糖分，反之，血糖指數(shù)低的食物轉化成糖分的速度較慢。故選C。 2．What does the author say about bananas? A．Including bananas in diets is good for health. B．Bananas can cure people suffering kidney cancer. C．Eating organic bananas can protect people from strokes. D．Bananas’ abundant fiber improves insulin sensitivity. A　解析：推理判斷題。根據(jù)文章第三段中的“...diabetics lost significantly more weight than on a control diet. They also saw improvements in insulin sensitivity from the banana diet.”及第四段的“bananas have been shown to cut risks of strokes, diabetes and cancers...weight loss.”可知，香蕉可以幫助人們減肥，也能降低人們患中風、糖尿病及癌癥的風險，由此可得出這樣的結論：將香蕉列入日常飲食對人們的健康有益，故選A。 3．What is discussed in the last paragraph? A．The use of banana skins. B．The benefits of banana skins. C．The importance of banana skins. D．The ways of choosing organic bananas. A　解析：段落大意題。根據(jù)最后一段的內容尤其是“can be made into a tea or added to a dish”可知，本段主要講的是香蕉皮的用途。故選A。 4．In which section of a newspaper can we read this passage? A．Education.　　　　 B．Health. C．Culture. D．Science. B　解析：推理判斷題。縱觀全文可知，香蕉不僅有助于減肥，還能降低人們患中風、糖尿病及癌癥的風險，而且香蕉皮也有用處。由此可知，本文最有可能出現(xiàn)在報紙的健康專欄。故選B。 三、書面表達。 微博(micro blog) 已成為時下學生常用的交流方式。人們對此褒貶不一。請根據(jù)以下要點提示，用英語寫一篇短文，描述人們對學生使用微博的看法。 學生 記錄生活，表達情緒，交流思想，促進溝通 家長 了解孩子想法，增進親子關系；過渡關注博客，影響學習 教育人士 開闊視野，但需要適當引導 注意：詞數(shù)120以上。 參考詞匯：開闊視野 broaden one’s horizon 引導 guidance ____________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ ___________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________________ 【參考范文】書面表達（25分）： One Possible Version: On the other hand, parents’ opinions are divided on this. Some parents think that they can be kept informed of what their children have been thinking through micro blogs, thus improving the relationship between them and children. However, some others are afraid that focusing on blogs too much will affect children’s studies. Educators hold the belief that the micro blog broadens students’ horizons, but meanwhile appropriate guidance is necessary.